EP3514479B1 - Projectile à usage multiple - Google Patents

Projectile à usage multiple Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3514479B1
EP3514479B1 EP19154258.8A EP19154258A EP3514479B1 EP 3514479 B1 EP3514479 B1 EP 3514479B1 EP 19154258 A EP19154258 A EP 19154258A EP 3514479 B1 EP3514479 B1 EP 3514479B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
full
jacked
projectile according
core
purpose projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19154258.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3514479A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael MUSTER
Markus Bucher
Markus GFELLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RUAG Ammotec AG
Original Assignee
RUAG Ammotec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RUAG Ammotec AG filed Critical RUAG Ammotec AG
Priority to EP19154258.8A priority Critical patent/EP3514479B1/fr
Publication of EP3514479A1 publication Critical patent/EP3514479A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3514479B1 publication Critical patent/EP3514479B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/207—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by the explosive material or the construction of the high explosive warhead, e.g. insensitive ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-purpose projectile according to the preamble of the patent claim.
  • a so-called incidentiary shell is from the US Patent 3,208,385 known, which initiates an incendiary device on the front when it hits a hard target.
  • a hollow bullet body behind it is filled with another incendiary device and contains a predetermined breaking point so that both incendiary devices are effective when it penetrates the target.
  • This type of ammunition was used as a tank incendiary bullet from the 1960s onwards.
  • Another explosive incendiary bullet is from the DE -OS- 2 323 798 known, this contains a sub-caliber, central impact core made of hard metal, which is covered by a pyrotechnic mass.
  • the penetration core is placed on a rear part of the same caliber, which acts as a sabot and is separated at the target via a predetermined breaking point.
  • the penetrating core is preceded by an incendiary device that also serves as a hit marker.
  • the hole created should have only a low flow resistance for the plasmas of the incendiary devices.
  • the aerodynamic properties of the bullet should also be excellent, and in particular the impact speed on the target must be high. This is on the one hand to ensure safe initiation of the ignition charge and on the other hand to give the breakdown core the necessary kinetic impulse.
  • the bullet construction should be cost-effective and precise to manufacture from just a few parts, and should also have good internal ballistics in the bullet barrel. In particular, running-friendly properties are desired. Last but not least, the bullet should also be able to be produced in large series using conventional means and processes.
  • the breakdown core mentioned here is preferably in one piece, but can also be in several parts.
  • the transition area between the front part and the actual penetration part is designed as a predetermined breaking point, so that a splintering effect occurs when the target is penetrated. This allows the penetrating part to penetrate even solid plates with its full kinetic energy.
  • Copper-containing full jackets according to claim 2 are favorable because they have good sliding properties in the bullet barrel.
  • the pyrotechnic charge stored in the tip of the bullet casing causes a flash of light when it hits the target and ignites the high-performance explosive that follows. This creates the splintering effect mentioned above.
  • This relatively large pyrotechnic charge is optimal because it ignites easily even on targets that are not very hard and produces a bright flash of light, which is important for reliable hit tracking.
  • a highly compressed, high-performance explosive can be inserted precisely into the front part of the penetration core.
  • the storage of the penetrating core as such, in the full jacket, is mechanically very advantageous, as it results in its precise centric storage and the space between the front and rear contact points remains elastic, which on the one hand reduces the friction in the bullet barrel and on the other hand the firing speed and the kinetic impact energy increased in the finish, claim 6.
  • the gap formed according to claim 6 is filled according to claim 7 by a composite material - a further pyrotechnic mixture - which causes an increase in the amount of incendiary agent without losing the desired elasticity of the full jacket.
  • the entire front part of the penetration core can also be hardened and/or made of a hard material, for example titanium.
  • the front part and the actual punch-through core can also consist of two materials that are joined together precisely; see claims 9 and 10.
  • the penetrating core can be designed as a tip or also as a concave recess, the latter having an additional effect in the manner of a punch due to its sharp edges - after the front part has splintered, claim 11.
  • the energy required for the splintering effect is reduced by longitudinal notches in the cavity of the front part of the penetration core, claim 12.
  • Conventional charges according to the explosives mentioned in claim 13 can be used as high-performance explosives in the front part of the penetrating core.
  • the bullet caliber mentioned in claim 15 has proven particularly useful because it can also be fired from light weapons.
  • the full jacket of a multi-purpose projectile is designated 1; This projectile is fired in a usual barrel (not shown) in the direction of flight F.
  • the full jacket 1 has a flattened tip 2 in order to achieve reliable ignition of a pyrotechnic mixture 3 stored in the tip of the projectile when it hits the target.
  • Adjacent to the pyrotechnic mixture 3 is a penetration core 6, with its front cylindrical cavity 5 in the form of a bore, which accommodates a high-performance explosive 5 '.
  • a ogive tip 7 protrudes from the cone-shaped base into the explosive 5 '.
  • the penetration core 6 is formed in one piece and is positively centered in the interior of the full casing at the front in area 8 and at the rear in area 10. Between the shaft of the penetration core 6 and its front area there are sharp transitions in the form of a circumferential edge 9 which acts as a concentric predetermined breaking point 11 when the projectile hits.
  • a composite material 4 is embedded peripheral to the shaft of the core 6, which contains a metal powder in a polymer matrix, which also ignites in the target.
  • Fig. 1 Analogous to Fig. 1 is the exemplary embodiment Fig. 2 designed; It also contains a marking charge 14 (also called a flare charge) in a rear bore 13, which is initiated by an ignition charge 12 when the projectile is fired. - This allows the trajectory to be tracked to the target. Here too it creates Pyrotechnic mixture 3 produces a flash of light upon impact with the target, which ensures reliable detection of the impact on the target.
  • the front part of the penetration core 6 penetrates the target upon impact, where the high-performance explosive 5 'detonates and the cylindrical recess 6' separates and fragments at the predetermined breaking points.
  • the further composite material 4 was deposited peripherally in layers in the full jacket using spraying technology with precise shape. Accordingly, it burns at the target with a further slight delay, thereby increasing the total fire effect upon penetration. This increases the overall lighting duration and thus extends the hit marking time.
  • FIG. 3 shows the penetration core 6 with its front part 6 ', with the conical bottom with a conical tip 7', with a cone angle ⁇ of 60 °.
  • the variant according to Fig. 4 Instead of a pointed cone, contains a recess with a concave bottom in the front part 6", with a cone angle of 120°.
  • Fig. 5 contains in addition to the illustration Fig. 3 , twelve longitudinal notches 15 in the front part 6′′′, whereby the notches 15 ensure safe splintering of the front part of the penetration core 6′′′.
  • Fig. 6 is a view of the front part 6′′′, in which you can easily see the notches 15 as predetermined breaking points.
  • a ogive tip 7 is advantageous in order to prevent the projectile from ricochet when it hits the target at an oblique angle.
  • the variants according to Examples 3 to 5 are favorable in terms of production technology.
  • the notches 15, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are drawn larger for illustration purposes; As is well known, tip notches of a few tenths of a millimeter, which can be easily created by pushing (broaching), are sufficient as high notch factors.
  • Composites in which a metal powder is embedded in a polymer matrix are suitable as pyrotechnic mixture 3.
  • Polyetherketone has proven particularly useful as a polymer matrix, as in PCT/EP2016/069462 was proposed. This type of composite material can be injected layer by layer into the tip of the solid casing 1 - via its rear bore - before the subsequent components are inserted and the base is flanged.
  • Suitable high-performance explosives 5 are pentrite (PETN), hexogen (RDX), but especially octastite 8 (according to EP -A1- o 068 528 ), which, due to its high level of phlegmatization, is highly dense and yet acts in a timely manner, i.e. it only explodes after penetrating the target and gives the penetration core "free passage”.
  • the subject of the invention is an open construction, i.e. it can be modified in a variety of ways, combined with different materials and adapted to the intended, specific purpose, including using inserts made of metal splinters.
  • the cylindrical shaft of the penetration core 6 can also be designed in the shape of an ogive.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Projectile blindé à usages multiples avec un noyau de pénétration central avec un évidement avant et au moins une charge pyrotechnique logée avant le noyau de pénétration, sachant que le noyau de pénétration comporte un point de rupture théorique, qui se fragmente à l'impact sur la cible, caractérisé en ce que le noyau de pénétration (6, 6') comporte dans sa partie avant un espace creux ouvert (5), qui est rempli d'une charge explosive (5') et contient un rétrécissement de telle manière que lors de l'impact sur la cible un effet de fragmentation est créé au rétrécissement par une rupture théorique entre l'espace creux (5) et une arête vive (9).
  2. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le blindage (1) est composé de cuivre ou d'un alliage ou d'un placage à base de cuivre.
  3. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le blindage (1) et/ou le placage de celui-ci est en Tombak.
  4. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mélange pyrotechnique (3) logé en périphérie sur le noyau de pénétration (6, 6') est une matrice polymère, de préférence de polyéthercétone avec de la poudre métallique incorporée, comme du titane, du magnésium, de l'aluminium ou du zircon et/ou des mélanges de ceux-ci .
  5. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une matière explosive à haute performance (5') est insérée par pressage, injectée ou encollée dans la partie avant (6') dans l'espace creux (5) de celle-ci.
  6. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le noyau de pénétration (6, 6') dans le blindage (1) vient en contact en face avant (8) et à l'arrière (10) avec celui-ci en partie par conformité de forme.
  7. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'espace intermédiaire situé entre les points de contact (8, 10) du noyau de pénétration (6, 6') et le blindage (1) est rempli par un mélange polymère inflammable et/ou par des métaux inflammables pulvérulents (4).
  8. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'arrière du noyau de pénétration (6, 6'), une charge de marquage pyrotechnique (14) pour la poursuite de la trajectoire est prévue, qui est amorcée par une charge d'amorçage (12) lors du tir au départ d'un canon.
  9. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une pointe durcie (7, 7') en forme d'ogive ou conique dépasse à l'arrière de l'espace creux (5) de la partie avant (6').
  10. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que toute la partie avant (6') est durcie.
  11. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'arrière de l'espace creux (5) de la partie avant (6') est prévu un évidement concave, conique avec un angle de cône (β) de 90° à 120°.
  12. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des encoches longitudinales (15) sont pratiquées à des distances égales dans l'espace creux (5).
  13. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la matière explosive à haute performance (5') est de la Penetrit (PETN) ou de l'Hexogène (RDX) ou de l'Octastit 8.
  14. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la matière explosive à haute performance (5') est un nanomatériau énergétique.
  15. Projectile blindé à usages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que celui-ci comporte un calibre de 12,7 mm.
EP19154258.8A 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple Active EP3514479B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19154258.8A EP3514479B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19154258.8A EP3514479B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple
EP16405018.9A EP3312546B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16405018.9A Division EP3312546B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3514479A1 EP3514479A1 (fr) 2019-07-24
EP3514479B1 true EP3514479B1 (fr) 2024-02-28

Family

ID=57209410

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19154258.8A Active EP3514479B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple
EP16405018.9A Active EP3312546B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16405018.9A Active EP3312546B1 (fr) 2016-10-20 2016-10-20 Projectile à usage multiple

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3514479B1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20190745T1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE044204T2 (fr)
SI (1) SI3312546T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017106526A1 (de) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss, insbesondere im Mittelkaliberbereich
DE102019135870A1 (de) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-01 Ruag Ammotec Ag Projektil und Munition
EP4163584A1 (fr) * 2021-10-05 2023-04-12 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Procédé de traitement ultérieur d'un composant de base et composant doté d'un tel composant de base traité ultérieurement

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE308457C (de) * 1918-04-25 1920-01-08 Becker Ludwig Brandgeschoss mit stahlkern
DE1240760B (de) * 1962-12-24 1967-05-18 Diehl Fa Panzerbrandgeschoss
NO137297C (no) 1976-07-01 1978-02-01 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Prosjektil.
US4444112A (en) 1981-03-27 1984-04-24 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Multi-capability projectile and method of making same
CA1195122A (fr) 1981-05-25 1985-10-15 Paul Arni Methode de preparation d'un explosif brisant; produit ainsi obtenu, et sa mise en forme
BE905373A (fr) * 1986-09-04 1987-03-04 Herstal Sa Projectile a effets multiples.
NO172865C (no) 1991-08-01 1993-09-15 Raufoss As Flereffekt-prosjektil og fremgangsmaate ved dets fremstilling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI3312546T1 (sl) 2019-08-30
HUE044204T2 (hu) 2019-10-28
EP3312546A1 (fr) 2018-04-25
EP3312546B1 (fr) 2019-01-30
EP3514479A1 (fr) 2019-07-24
HRP20190745T1 (hr) 2019-06-14

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