Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
  • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
  • B23C5/12—Cutters specially designed for producing particular profiles
  • B23C5/14—Cutters specially designed for producing particular profiles essentially comprising curves
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
  • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
  • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
  • B23P15/34—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools milling cutters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
  • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
  • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
  • B23C2210/24—Overall form of the milling cutter
  • B23C2210/241—Cross sections of the whole milling cutter
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
  • B23C2210/24—Overall form of the milling cutter
  • B23C2210/242—Form tools, i.e. cutting edges profiles to generate a particular form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
  • B23C2210/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
  • B23C2220/36—Production of grooves
  • B23C2220/366—Turbine blade grooves

Definitions

• the invention relates, in particular, to a milling tool, such as, for example, an end mill, finishing mill, in particular fir mill, and a manufacturing method for a milling tool.
• End mills such as, for example, face milling cutters, in particular with pine mfräsprofil, d. H . so-called Tannenbau mills, are provided to m flat removal of material on a workpiece surface, and are in a Fräsbeweg ung u nter rotation of the end mill around the working axis of rotation or tool axis with simultaneous Vorschu b relative to r workpiece surface moves.
• a clamping area for clamping in a tool mount of a machine tool is generally provided.
• the peripheral milling cutters or edges can extend over a certain length transversely to the circumferential direction of the working axis of the rotary axis, without interruptions on a rotationally symmetrical about the working rotational axis, as a rule, cylindrical surface, so that they essentially engage over its entire axial length with a radial depth to the tool axis engagement depth in the workpiece surface.
• the axial length of the milling cutters is significantly larger, usually by at least a factor of 5 to 10 greater than the rad iale engagement depth.
• the circumferential milling cutters can also run rectilinearly parallel to the tool axis, they are generally designed to be helical or helical around the tool axis at a twist angle.
• the milling movement is characterized by the discontinuous cut of the milling cutters, which is responsible for milling, and which causes chips to lift off the workpiece over the surface.
• machining area in particular the machining head
• a milling tool for example, as an end mill, finishing mill, as Tannenbau, or as Bohru ngsfräser can be formed.
• the Fräskanten be in the baysu ngskopf designed such that they have a tannenbau M-shaped Fräskantenprofil (especially: a fir tree-shaped Fräskontu r), so that fir Construction mförmige Frässtruktu ren can be manufactured on workpieces.
• each milling edge can have several wave crests and Wel valleys, which form a Tannenbaumstruktu r considered in the milled profile.
• the proposed milling tool is rotatable u m a working axis of rotation (in particular also: tool axis), in particular such that on a workpiece to m Fräskantenprofil the work area corresponding milling profile can be generated.
• the working area may have at least one, preferably a plurality of milling edges extending to the circumferential direction of the working axis of rotation.
• the working area can have at least one, preferably several, milling edges, wherein each milling edge viewed locally parallel to its longitudinal extension can be oriented transversely to the circumferential direction defined relative to the working axis of rotation.
• the transverse to the working axis of rotation / n Fräskante / n can / can in sections, for example, perpendicular or helical, z. B. u nter a given angle, in particular Dral lwinkel, to r longitudinal axis (in particular: tool axis) run.
• At least one of at least one milling edge of the proposed milling tool has at least one Fräskantenabites, in which a ranch th the radial distance of the milling edge of the working axis, d. H.
• Fräskantenprofil has a non-linear course.
• each, at least one milling edge in at least one Fräskantenabêt which may be defined, for example, by a predetermined longitudinal extent over the work area, a Fräskantenprofil, which shows a different course of a linear course.
• the milling edge in Fräskantenabites is assigned to a opposite the milling edge radially inwardly to the working axis of rotation extending (in particular: set back) chip space.
• the chip space can, for example, be provided as a space recessed locally opposite the milling edge or as a space extending radially inwards from the milling edge to the working axis of rotation, with e.g. predetermined width or predetermined width profile in the circumferential direction, or be defined cross-section.
• the chip space for example, in sections perpendicular to the milling edge having a predetermined chip space profile, which in the course along the
• Milling edge can be made constant or variable.
• the chip space profile can, in particular in its coarse structure, for example, be designed in the manner of a radially outwardly open U or V-shape.
• the chip space may be formed as a radially inwardly of the milling edge, i. towards the working axis of rotation, formed chip space, in particular as a to the milling edge in the Fräskantenabrough radially inwardly, i. to the working axis of rotation, subsequent chip space, for example, as a set back radially to the milling edge chip space.
• the chip space has a chip space floor, and the chip space is formed such that the chip space in the Fräskantenabrough with non-linear course, in particular on the length of the non-linear course showing Fräskantenabitess, the Fräskantenprofil follows at least in sections.
• a non-linear Fräskantenprofilabêt comprises the course of Spanraum grounds at least partially follow the course of the Fräskantenprofils.
• the chip space bottom follows the milling edge in profile at least in sections, for example in sections parallel to the milling edge or substantially parallel to the milling edge, it is possible to achieve at least locally improved strength and service life for the milling edge and optionally formed milling teeth.
• the chip space base follows along the milling edge the Fräskantenprofil.
• the chip space may in particular have a profile, i. a Spanraum groundprofil having, which the
• Milling edge profile follows, in particular the Fräskantenprofil corresponds and / or is congruent to this and / or, in particular in the course along the Fräskan- te, the Fräskantenprofil in or with respect to the radial direction follows or in the course along the milling edge perpendicular to the milling edge or radially with respect considered the working axis of rotation substantially equidistant from the Fräskantenprofil and / or the envelope of the milling edge and / or the milling edge extends.
• the distance measured perpendicularly to the milling edge between the milling edge and chip space base can be substantially constant at least in sections along the milling edge.
• the radial distance between the milling edge and the chip space reason measured with respect to the working rotational axis can be substantially constant at least in sections. Milling edge profile and Spanraum groundprofil can along the
• Milling edge in the milling edge portion for example, substantially parallel to each other, in particular with respect to the coarse structure, such as the envelope of the Fräskantenprofils.
• the Fräskantenabêt substantially comprises the entire milling edge, or that extends the Fräskantenabrough a milling edge over the entire length of the milling edge.
• the chip space may be formed so that the Spanraum ground in Verla uf along the entire milling edge follows the Fräskantenprofil.
• a milling edge section of a milling edge can be viewed in the longitudinal extension of the milling edge, but also led igl I relate to a section of the entire milling edge.
• a radial distance or a distance measured perpendicular to the milling edge between the chip space and the milling edge is constant in the course along the milling edge, or that a chip area formed between the chip space and the milling edge is transverse measured to the milling edge in the course along the milling edge in the Fräskantenabrough a substantially constant width, in particular average width.
• a chip space is to be understood, in particular, as meaning a space, for example in the form of a groove, upstream of the milling edge in the working direction and radially inwardly, in particular for receiving and / or shaping the milling material produced during the milling operation, z. B. chip material is formed.
• a running in the chip space line or surface can be understood that in the course along the milling edge loka l each have the smallest radial distance to r working axis of rotation.
• a root inie or surface can be understood, which is formed in the region of the bottom of the Spanrau ms, where as Wu rzel line z. B. the intersection of two rake surfaces of Spanrau ms comes into question.
• the non-linear profile of the milling edge profile formed in the milling edge section of the milling edge profile and of the corresponding chip space basic profile can be given, for example, a milling edge radius or chip space radius corresponding to the radial distance of the milling edge or the clamping surface , in the milling edge section along the milling edge first increases and then decreases again and / or that the Fräskantenprofil / Spanraum groundprofil geometrically considered in the Fräskantenabrough at least one inflection point, a extreme point and / or a point of discontinuity in its derivative or Steigu ng, for example a kink, has ,
• the milling edge and the Spanraumgru nd can be designed such that between the milling edge and Spanrau mground formed in the Fräskantenabrough rake surface in the course of the longitudinal milling edge has a, in particular measured perpendicular to the milling edge, substantially constant width.
• a distance measured radially or perpendicular to the milling edge between the milling edge and chip space base in the course along the milling edge, d. H. locally along the milling edge, at least within the Fräskantenabitess, preferably over the entire milling edge away, is substantially constant or constant.
• the milling edge profile is designed such that a milling edge radius measured relative to the working axis of rotation, in particular local or locally averaged, milling edge radius along the milling edge, d. H . in the course along the milling edge, to next increases and then decreases again.
• a milling edge radius measured relative to the working axis of rotation in particular local or locally averaged, milling edge radius along the milling edge, d. H . in the course along the milling edge, to next increases and then decreases again.
• a milling edge radius measured relative to the working axis of rotation in particular local or locally averaged, milling edge radius along the milling edge, d. H . in the course along the milling edge, to next increases and then decreases again.
• the Fräskantenrad ius is to be understood in particular the measured in radial Richtu ng, local distance between the milling edge and working axis of rotation. From the course of the Fräskantenrad ius along the milling edge er
• the variation of the Fräskantenrad ius can play as a function of the axial length along the working axis Rehah.
• the Fräskantenprofil may have at least within the Fräskantenabitess at least one inflection point, an extreme point and / or a point of discontinuity in its derivative or slope in geometric consideration.
• the Fräskatenprofil may be formed such that a radial or measured perpendicular to the milling edge distance between the milling edge and Spanraum ground along the milling edge is at least substantially constant within the Fräskantenabitess.
• the milling edge profile can in particular be designed such that a clamping surface formed between chip space bottom and milling edge in the milling edge section has a substantially constant width measured along the milling edge in particular, radially or perpendicular to the milling edge.
• the at least one milling edge section is in particular designed such that the milling edge radius along the milling edge, i. in the course along the milling edge or in the longitudinal course, is not constant, but varies, for example continuously and / or discontinuously, so that by the
• the Fräskantenabêt may, for example, a wave crest or a trough, a tip, tine, or notch and the like. Include, or at least partially comprise such a structure, such that the associated Fräskantenprofil showing the non-linear course.
• the Spanraumground may have a Spanraum groundprofil corresponding to the milling edge, ie the Fräskante following, a wave crest or a trough, a peak, tine, or notch and the like., Or at least in sections has such a structure.
• the milling edge may, for example, be a continuous, in particular smooth, milling edge.
• the invention is also applicable to discontinuous Fräskanten, ie milling edges with roughing teeth and dg I ..
• the envelope of the respective maximum Fräskantenradien can be used as Fräskantenprofil.
• a milling edge profile of the locally averaged Fräskantenradius be as Fräskantenprofil.
• Fräskantenprofil the radial profile of the milling edge without taking into account any, eg local, fine structuring of the milling edge, such as roughing teeth, ie the radial course of the coarse structure of the milling edge are understood.
• the chip space can be defined for example by a substantially smooth surface or line, regardless of whether the milling edge is formed, for example, continuous or discontinuous.
• the term "following the milling edge profile” can be understood to mean “except for discontinuous fine structuring” or “congruent except for discontinuous fine structuring.”
• the milling edge has a discontinuous fine structuring, eg roughing, not be ruled out that the Spanraumground has a structure corresponding to the fine structuring of the milling edge.
• the milling tool can therefore z. B.
• a milling edge with a smooth structure in particular also: continuous structure
• a smooth structure in particular also: continuous structure
• the milling edge has a fine structure (in particular also: discontinuous structure) and in which at least one Fräskantenabêt a Fräskantenprofil with non-linear course, wherein the Spanraum ground the Fräskantenprofil following a continuous structure, in particular smooth structure, or have a discontinuous structure can.
• the at least one milling edge can have a plurality of said milling edge sections. For example, over the axial length of the processing head, between 2 and 10, in particular between 2 and 5, of the milling edge sections can be present. Successive Fräskantenabête may alternately in their coarse structure as wave crests and troughs, z. B. in the manner of a Christmas tree, be formed. It should be mentioned at this point in particular that the invention described herein is particularly suitable for so-called fir tree cutters whose milling edge profile is similar to a fir tree structure.
• the milling tool in particular a base body of the milling tool, has an overall pagoda-shaped profile, wherein milling edges formed on the pagoda-shaped profile may have circumferentially upstream and as defined herein chip spaces in which the Spanraum ground follows the Fräskantenprofil.
• the milling tool can be designed such that at least one, preferably at all Fräskanten, the respective Fräskantenprofil and Spanraumgroundprofil, especially in Fräskantenabêten comprising non-linear Fräskantenprofilabitese substantially correspond to each other, for. B. are congruent to each other.
• a Fräskantenabites may comprise several subsections u, which may be convex or concave curved with respect to the working axis of rotation, for example, or may have a l inner course.
• several subsections can be combined with a curved or linear course corresponding to the particular desired profile of the cut.
• the milling edge can have a predetermined twisting or helical profile with respect to the working axis of rotation, for example under a predetermined, in particular constant, twist angle.
• Al lerdings can also be provided in Ausgestaltu lengths that the angle of twist changes along a milling edge, for example, varies according to a predetermined pattern.
• the or the helical angle of the milling edge / s can / may be selected in embodiments in particular such that when used properly in the
• Milling operation in the respective work area in which the milling tool is in contact with the workpiece to be machined always at least one milling edge to at least sections, for example, a cutting tooth is in engagement with the workpiece.
• the chip space may be Lich be the working axis of rotation ü ü over a predetermined, in particular in the course along the Spanrau ms constant, angle of rotation extend.
• the chip space may have a width measured in the circumferential direction with respect to the working axis, and substantially constant in the course along the spanwise ms.
• the chip space may be formed as a groove in the working direction of the cutting edge upstream of the groove.
• the span m itself can follow the course of the milling profile in the course along the Spanrau ms have a substantially constant height, the height of the chip space can be understood as a vertical or radial distance between Spanrau mg round u Milling edge.
• the chip space can have a first rake face extending between the milling edge and the chip space, and furthermore have at least one second rake face adjoining the rake surface and facing the first rake face.
• the second rake face like the first rake face, can follow the rake edge profile and, along the rake edge, have a substantially constant width, in particular average width.
• the chip space for example, in cross-section with respect to the longitudinal extent of the Spa nra ums have a U-shaped or V-shaped configuration, wherein a first leg between milled edge and Spanrau mg ru or Spanraumwu rzel, Corresponding z. B. to the first chip surface, may be formed, and wherein a second, preferably shorter, legs, corresponding z. B. to r second rake surface, on the Spanrau ground or the Spanraumwurzelan- can close.
• the Spanrau m can be particularly designed such that z. B. the milled edge associated rake face, in particular the d he milling edges rad ial inwardly adjoining rake face, or other rake surfaces, liga length of the chip space or the milling edge in each case a substantially constant width constant perpendicular to r milling edge or in have radial Richtu ng and / or in structureds- richtu ng.
• a substantially g leich remaining Spanformu ng and chip removal can be achieved, which rch the milling result can be advantageously influenced.
• the at least one milling edge preferably one of the milling edges, if several milling edges are present, comprise a plurality of milling edge sections as defined herein.
• the plurality of milling edge sections can be arranged one behind the other along the respective milling edge, in particular directly one behind the other.
• At least one of the milling edge sections can be designed in embodiments as one, with respect to the working axis of rotation, in particular a dome-shaped, milling tooth.
• the aforementioned embodiments allow in particular the implementation of Tannenbaumfräsern with fir-shaped milling profile.
• the cutting teeth may have rounded or tapered tooth tips, and rounded, pointed and / or substantially rectilinear tooth roots.
• two adjacent cutting teeth may be connected by a Fräskantenabêt, which has a straight course in the Fräskantenprofil.
• the cutting teeth and milling roots, and associated chip spaces, as well as other portions of the milling tool in the region of the machining head may be formed such that the machining head is in the form of a pagoda.
• one or more milling edges with, for example, a predetermined helix angle and with a predetermined pitch angle can extend on a pagoda-shaped base body, for example in such a way that between milling edge and chip space base or chip space root in the course along the milling edge measured in the radial direction or perpendicular to the milling edge measured, constant distance exists.
• the rake formed between the milling edge and Spanrau mwu rzel or Spanrau mground can have a perpendicular to m milling edge measured, constant width, d. H .
• the transverse extent, in particular the average transverse extent, of the rake face may be substantially constant following the course of the rake space.
• At least one of the at least one milling edge, in particular the milling edge profile may extend at least partly over the working area at a circumferential direction
• Milling rollers be formed.
• the milled rollers may have a predetermined width measured in the circumferential direction, which may be constant in the course along the milled edge, for example substantially.
• the milling tool can be designed as a web extending at a predetermined helix angle and with a predetermined, in particular constant, width in the circumference.
• the milled rollers or web can be located in the direction of rotation or oriented rad ial outer edge z. B. may be formed as a milling edge, and the working direction in rehrichtu ng oriented side surface of the web may be formed as a chip surface. Contrary to the working direction, the milling edge can be adjoined by a radially outwardly oriented free surface, which can be inclined at a predetermined free surface angle.
• the web or the Frasstol len can project in the course along the milling edge in the radial direction by a predetermined, preferably substantially constant radial height of a main body of the milling tool.
• the Spanrau mg ru nd can be formed upstream of the milling rollers in the working direction of rotation at least partially as Vertiefu ng in the base body.
• the base body has a base body segment, which follows the Fräskantenprofil the first and / or second Frässtollens.
• a radially outwardly facing surface of the main body segment can lie on a higher level, measured radially with respect to the working rotational axis, than the chip space bottom or the chip space root.
• the edge on an open surface of the milling roller should be understood as the free edge edge opposite the milling edge opposite to the working direction of rotation.
• the level of the main body segment may be substantially constant between two milling rolls and / or may increase towards the free edge edge of the second milling roll.
• milling edge for example in the form of a milling roller with a defined width in the circumferential direction
• shape of the milling edge in particular the helix angle
• shape of the chip space in particular the rake face (s) and / or of Spangrunds within relatively wide limits
• further options result in the achievable milling accuracy, in particular surface quality, in the case of workpieces to be machined.
• the milling edges can be designed such that the ratio between the number of working axis relative to the axis of rotation. Catch direction per round of consecutively arranged milling edges and the minimum profile diameter of the working range between 0.2 and 1.0 l.
• cutting teeth may be formed.
• the ratio between the number of bezüg Lich the working axis of rotation in the circumferential direction per revolution consecutively arranged cutting teeth u nd the minimum profile diameter of the working range of the milling tool can be in Ausgestaltu lengths between 0.2 and 1.0 l.
• the circumferentially successively arranged cutting teeth for example, with respect to a given axial position with respect to rotation umd the working axis of rotation in Wesentl Ien Decku ngs protest arranged to each other and be formed.
• the minimum profile diameter sol l especially the smallest Fräsdu rchmesser the milling tool in the work area are understood.
• the minimum profile diameter may be located anywhere along the milling edge profile.
• the milling tools proposed herein are particularly suitable for machining workpieces made of metal and / or plastic.
• corresponding cutters designed according to the structure proposed here are suitable for use as a face milling cutter, for example for manufacturing.
• fir tree structures at z As steam turbines and runs of generators for attachment of corresponding blades.
• fir tree structures with comparatively high surface quality can be produced with the milling tool proposed herein, while at the same time advantageous service lives can be achieved.
• milled rolls and / or the chip space and / or due to the fact that milled rolls can be arranged with a relatively small pitch angle, for example in the range between 8 ° and 120 °, can occur during the milling oscillations compared to conventional milling tools, for example can be reduced by up to 1.5 times. It turns out that the solution proposed herein enables comparatively high surface qualities with simultaneously advantageous service lives.
• the milling tool it can be provided in embodiments of the milling tool that at least one of the at least one milling edge opposite to the working direction of rotation, d. H. with respect to the working axis of rotation in the circumferential direction opposite to the working direction of rotation of the milling tool, an open space extends.
• the free surface may have a predetermined width measured in the circumferential direction, wherein the width, in particular the average width, as already indicated, following the course of the milling edge may be constant.
• the free surface with respect to the circumferential direction may be inclined, for example, to form an open space angle in the range between 0 ° and 15 °.
• the free surface angle may be substantially constant in the course along the milling edge.
• You rch geeig Nete choice of the width of the free surface in particular the mechanical stability of a respective Frässtollens and / or Fräs leopards be set suitable.
• the width of the open space for example, depending on speed of Operau ng, d. H. of the defined between adjacent Fräskanten Operau ngs- angle, be selected.
• the dividing angle defined by the cutting edges may be up to 20 times, in particular three to five times, the circumferential angle associated with the free surface.
• the milling tool configuration proposed herein it is possible to flexibly set the parting angle of the milling edges and peripheral angle of the flank, and / or the distribution of the milling edges in the circumferential direction, for example two or more milling edges during a milling process at least partially engaged with the workpiece to be milled.
• the running of the milling tool can be improved, whereby improvements in the focus on the achievable surface quality can be achieved by reducing vibration.
• a plurality of milling edges are formed in the circumferential direction relative to the working axis of rotation.
• immediacy bar successive Fräskanten bezügl I the longitudinal direction of the working axis of the rehabilitation axis preferably arranged rotationally symmetrical to each other.
• at least two of the plurality of milling edges can be geometrically congruent with respect to one another and / or formed with respect to rotation u m the working axis of rotation.
• Immediately successive milling edges can be arranged in Ausgestaltu lengths, for example u nter a Detailu ngswinkel in the range between 8 ° and 120 ° to each other.
• all milling edges have the same helix angle, or in the longitudinal direction of the working axis of rotation, the same spin angle course in the main.
• the swirl angle (s) may be in the range of 5 ° to 50 °, preferably 20 °, for example.
• the twist angle changes in the course along the milling edge, or that the twist angle varies in the course along the milling edge, for example, between a minimum and maximum helix angle.
• the pitch angle (s) and the pitch angle (s), in particular the course of the pitch angle and pitch angle along the working axis are arranged such that at least one, in particular a milling tool sector mounted in the circumferential direction in which viewed in axial projection with respect to the working axis of the axis of rotation, a first cutting tooth of a first milling edge and a second cutting tooth of the second milling edge are located, wherein the first milling edge in the circumferential direction is at least one-fold divisional angle, for example an integer multiple of the Operau ngswinkels, is criticized by the second milling edge, and wherein the Fräswerkmaschinemaschinemaschinesektor covers a circumferential angle, which is less than or equal to the angle of the part.
• the pitch angle (s), in particular the helix angle can be chosen such that at least two cutting teeth are located in the axial direction of a milling tool sector, for example in the axial direction substantially one above the other wherein the milling tool sector is defined with respect to the working axis of the rotary axis and includes an angle in the circumferential direction which is smaller or equal to the angle of articulation.
• the first and second cutting tooth sector located in the same milling tool sector for example, two Fräskanten be zugeord net, which are circumferentially spaced by 1 times the Generalu ngswinkels the milling tool, in particular the minimum pitch angle of the milling tool from each other.
• the milling tool has a rake angle in the range of -3 ° and 24 °, and / or a wedge angle in the range of 51 ° and 93 ° for at least one, preferably for each of the milling edges.
• the angles mentioned are particularly suitable for the structure and the proposed design of the milling tool proposed herein, wherein, in particular, advantageous running properties of the milling tool can be achieved during milling using the angular ranges mentioned. The latter also applies to the clearance angle, reference being made to the above explanations for suitable angular ranges.
• the at least one milling edge, preferably all milling edges, can have a Fräskantenprofil, which corresponds to a, in particular wavy, fir tree profile, wherein the Christmas tree profile may comprise at least two, preferably at least three wave crests and / or troughs.
• the processing area of the milling tool comprising the Christmas tree profile can, as mentioned, have, for example, an overall shape designed in the manner of a pagoda.
• the work area in embodiments of the milling tool, have a main body.
• the main body can be designed in such a way be that the at least one milling edge radially to the axis of rotation perpendicular to the milled edge measured spaced from the body, in particular by a predetermined, in the direction perpendicular to the milled edge or measured in the radial direction to the working axis jumps height above the body, wherein the height, or a corresponding average height, in the course along the milling edge, for example, may be substantially constant.
• the main body can comprise one or more shoulder segments between milling edges that are immediately adjacent in the circumferential direction, whose contour follows the milling edge profile.
• Each shoulder segment can, viewed in the circumferential direction of the working rotational axis, extend between a milling edge and / or between the chip space associated with the milling edge and / or the chip space root and one of the milling edge in the working direction upstream free space edge.
• the open-space edge reference is made to the comments above.
• shoulder segments which can be formed, for example, between the chip space of a milling edge and the free surface of an upstream working direction milling edge, it is possible to further improve the mechanical strength and thus the stability of Fräskanten or Milling rollers.
• the shoulder segments may have radially outwardly facing back surfaces, the radial height of which lies at least partially, preferably completely, over the chip space base or projects above the bulkhead bottom.
• the shoulder segments can be designed as a kind of mechanical see reinforcement for strengthening the mechanical stability of Fräskanten / Milling rollers.
• the chip space is at the same level or at least partially at a lower level than a radial outer surface of at least one of the segments.
• a respective chip space bottom or a respective chip space root and a shoulder segment immediately following in the working direction of rotation, for example an elevation lie at different levels, wherein the chip space bottom or the chip space root can be lower than the respective shoulder segment.
• a milling edge section downstream of the respective shoulder segment in working direction of rotation can be stabilized.
• the milling tool comprises a base body, wherein the base body may have a plurality of cooling and / or lubricant outlet openings.
• the coolant and / or lubricant outlet openings can be oriented, for example, radially to the working axis of rotation.
• the outlet openings it is possible for the outlet openings to be arranged at least partially or in sections between the respective milling edge and / or respective chip space and an open-space edge arranged upstream of the milling edge or the chip space in working direction of rotation.
• the opening planes of the outlet openings are at the same height or at least partially higher than the respectively assigned chip space base or the respectively associated chip space root.
• the outlet openings may be arranged in the region of the abovementioned segments of the basic body. If the segments of the basic body follow the milling edge profile, the exit opening levels can be correspondingly increased. At least partially be oriented approximately perpendicular to the Fräskantenprofil, so that, for example, an optimized supply of coolant and / or lubricant is possible.
• the cooling and / or lubricant outlet openings are located within the shoulder segments, wherein at least two of the cooling and / or lubricant outlet openings are arranged at radially different heights.
• the radial heights of the coolant and / or lubricant outlet openings can vary, and in particular can follow the milling edge contour.
• a perpendicular to the respective milling edge measured distance between a through the opening center of a coolant and / or lubricant outlet opening extending circular line and the milling edge for several, in particular all cooling and / or
• the exit openings can be freely position, for example, at least partially or in sections outside of the chip space, so that when milling a z. B. temporary closure of the outlet openings can be avoided by chip material.
• the object underlying the invention can be achieved.
• improved service lives and / or improved surface qualities can be achieved.
• a manufacturing method for a milling tool i. a method for producing a milling tool, provided, wherein the milling tool at least one milling edge and one of
• Milling edge associated chip space wherein the milling edge has a Fräskan- tenprofil with sections of non-linear course, comprising the following steps:
• a milling method is used for material processing.
• the work area including the milling edge (s) and spam space (s)
• the removal of material can be carried out in embodiments such that each of the milling edges is formed on a milling roller projecting relative to a base body, and the contour of the base body between circumferentially adjacent milling rollers is formed by material removal corresponding to Fräskantenkontur, i. that the contour of the body between circumferentially adjacent milled rollers by
• Material removal is prepared, such that the main body has a contour corresponding to the Fräskantenfeldnt contour, in particular that the contour of the base of the Fräskantenkontur follows.
• materials such as solid carbide (VHM) or high-speed high-speed steel (HSS) are suitable for the production of the milling tool.
• the milling tool can be a milling tool produced in one piece from a uniform material.
• FIG. 1 is a side view of the milling tool of a first variant
• FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the milling tool
• FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the machining head of the milling tool according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 a diagram with milling edge profile and chip space basic profile
• FIG. 5 shows schematically a section of an axial section of the machining head of the milling tool
• FIG. 6 shows a milling tool according to a second variant
• FIG. 7 milling tool according to a third variant
• FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of the milling tool of FIG.
• FIG. 12 is an axial plan view of the milling tool of FIG. 11;
• FIG. 13 is a side view of the milling tool of FIG. 12th
• FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 Corresponding parts and components in FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 are provided with corresponding reference numerals.
• FIG. 1 shows a milling tool 1 according to a first variant.
• the milling tool 1 of the illustrated embodiment is an end mill, in particular a finishing mill, with a fir tree-shaped milling edge profile or milling profile. Cutters of this type are also known as fir tree cutters.
• the following description relates to a Tannenbaumfräser, but the features and properties described below, especially regarding Fräskante / n and / or chip space or chip spaces are not limited to Tannenbaumfräser, but can also be applied and implemented in other types of cutters.
• the milling tool 1 comprises a shank 2 and an adjoining machining head 3.
• the shank 2 is designed to clamp the milling tool 1 in a (not shown) chip chuck.
• the clamped milling tool 1 is rotated by means of a coupled with the chuck drive to the working axis of rotation 4 (in particular: tool axis), which in this case coincides with the longitudinal axis of the milling tool 1, and the machining head is for generating the respective desired milling structure z. B. moves in engagement with the workpiece relative to the workpiece.
• the machining head 3 of the milling tool comprises in the circumferential direction U with respect to the working rotational axis 4, or in working direction of rotation R with respect to the working rotational axis 4, several milling edges 5 running transversely to the circumferential direction U or working rotational direction R.
• the milling edges 5 are, as shown in FIG. 2, which shows a cross-sectional view of the milling tool 1, can be seen arranged in the working direction of rotation R successively at a predetermined pitch angle T rotationally symmetrical to the working axis of rotation 4.
• the pitch angle T is about 60 degrees, whereby, as can be seen from the further description, other, in particular smaller, pitch angle T come into consideration.
• the milling edges 5 extend on a base body 6, in particular in radial projection onto the base body 6 or, viewed in radial projection on the lateral surface of the base body 6, at a predetermined helix angle.
• the twist angle and / or the above-mentioned pitch angle T is / are preferably chosen such that a milling of a workpiece can be performed such that always at least two Fräskantenabête two different, in the circumferential direction z.
• B. successive Fräskanten 5 are engaged with the workpiece, which in connection with FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 will be described in more detail.
• Such an arrangement of the milling edges 5 on the base body 6 is made possible by the herein proposed design of the milling tool, wherein engagement of two Fräskanten 5 allows milling with improved smoothness, creating improved milling results, eg. B. surface qualities, can be achieved on the workpiece to be machined.
• the milling edges 5 of the milling tool 1 each have at least one, in the present case in each case a plurality of Fräskantenabête 5.1 - 5.4, in which a milling edge profile P (FIG 4) defined by the local or locally averaged milling edge radius F (FIG. 2) measured with respect to the working axis of rotation has at least one section with a non-linear course.
• a milling edge profile P (FIG 4) defined by the local or locally averaged milling edge radius F (FIG. 2) measured with respect to the working axis of rotation has at least one section with a non-linear course.
• Under the Fräskantenradius F is particularly in straight, d. H. continuous, Fräskanten 5 as understood in the embodiment shown, the respective radial distance of the milling edge 5 of the working axis of rotation 4 or tool axis.
• At least one of the Fräskantenabitese 5.1 - 5.4 may be formed such that z. B. the local or locally averaged, Fräskantenradius F along the milling edge 5 first increases and then decreases again, which is for example the case in the Fräskantenabêten 5.1, 5.3, and 5.4 existing Fräszähnen 19 the case, which with the direction of shaft 2 for Work area 3 each have a rising 20.1 and a falling Fräskantenflanke 20.2.
• the milling edges 5 have sections with a non-linear course.
• the milling edges 5 of FIG. 1 show a mixture of sections with linear and non-linear course, wherein embodiments without linear milling edges are possible, similar to, for example, in FIG. 6 or 7.
• At least one of the Fräskantenabête 5.1 - 5.4 may be formed such that in at least one Fräskantenabrough, the Fräskantenprofil P, d. H. the curve of the Fräskantenprofils P, geometrically considered a turning point (eg between 5.1 and 5.2), extreme point (at 5.1, 5.3, 5.4, at the vertices of the cutting teeth 19) and / or a point of discontinuity in its derivative or slope (z. B. at 5.2, in the transition region between the linear portion and the rising Fräskantenflanke 20.1).
• the respective Fräskantenabites can one or more, for. B. substantially linear or substantially rectilinear, sections with different having slopes. Further courses for the Fräskantenprofil P are conceivable, which apart from the Fräskantenprofile shown in the figures concerning the milling tool 1, the underlying invention is also applicable to other Fräskantenprofilen P showing a course with at least one non-linear section.
• FIG. 4 shows, by way of example, a milling edge profile P whose shape is modeled on that shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 milling tool 1 is selected.
• the axial length L measured on the abscissa axis, for example, from the front axial end of the machining head 3 in the direction of the shaft 2, and the ordinate axis of the milling edge radius F, or the radius of the milling edge base discussed below, hereinafter referred to as the milling edge base radius G. , applied.
• the milling edge profile P comprises a plurality of milling edge sections 5.1 - 5.4 in which the milling edges 5 at least in sections show a non-linear course.
• the milling edge radius F herein may be understood as meaning, in particular, the radial distance measured local distance between the radially outer edge of the milling edge and the working axis of rotation 4.
• the main body 6, as well as the machining head 3 has a shape which is similar to a pagoda. Accordingly, the Fräskantenabitese example, wave crests, z. B. at 5.1, 5.3, and 5.4, or troughs, z. B. at 5.2, be formed with a linear or curved Fräskantenprofilverlauf, the wave crests are formed in the present example as a cutting teeth 19.
• the milling edge 5 shown in the figures is a smooth, ie continuous, milling edge, in particular without roughing teeth and
• the invention described here also applies to discontinuous milling edges, for example rough-toothed milling edges and dg I. , is applicable, wherein in discontinuous course of the milling edge, for example, a locally averaged Fräskantenrad ius or a locally smoothed Fräskantenrad ius can be considered.
• discontinuous milling edges for example, a locally averaged Fräskantenrad ius or a locally smoothed Fräskantenrad ius can be considered.
• the at least one milling edge section can, for example, have a milling edge profile P in which the cutting wheel can vary from up to 0.5 times the maximum milling edge wheel ius of the respective milling edge.
• the milled profile may be formed in the manner of a pine mfräsprofil, the passsg ngskopf 3, in particular the green body 6, as ren in the embodiments of the Figu shown, a trained according to a pagoda shape may have.
• the at least one milling edge 5 may have a plurality of said Fräskantenabitese, which may be formed, for example radially bezügl I of the working axis of the rehabilitation axle 4 convex or concave. Further Krümmu lengths may for example result from a more or less ged rallten course of Fräskanten 5 itself. However, the Fräskantenabitese may, at least in sections, have a linear course. It should be noted that each of the milling edges 5 can be regarded as such as a Fräskantenabêt, because each of the Fräskanten u comprises at least one non-linea ren section.
• the cutting edges 5 are preceded by chip spaces 7 in the working direction of rotation R, by means of which the chip material arising during the cutting operation of the milling edges 5 or picked up from the workpiece can be picked up, guided, shaped and / or transported.
• FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a section of an axial section of the milling tool 1 shown by way of example.
• the chip space 7 is presently defined among other things by a radially located within the milling edge 5, and adjoining the milling edge 5, d. H. a subsequent to the milling edge and extending in the radial direction to the working axis of rotation 4 out, clamping surface 8, which extends to the chip space bottom 9 of the chip space 7.
• the point of intersection or the line of intersection 10 between chip space bottom 9 and rake surface 8, or the contour line 10 'running in the chip space bottom 9, at which the chip space bottom 9 has the lowest radial height relative to the working axis of rotation 4 can also be referred to as chip space root.
• the chip space 7 is defined by a width measured in the circumferential direction U or in the working direction of rotation R, or by a circumferential angle measured with respect to the working axis of rotation 4, the / z. B. in the course along the milling edge 5 may be substantially constant.
• the chip space 7 in sections perpendicular to the milling edge 5 may have a cross section which is substantially constant in the course along the milling edge 5.
• it is possible that the cross section of the chip space 7 varies along the milling edge 5, wherein width and / or height of the chip space can vary.
• the chip space bottom 9 or the chip space root 10 or 10 'along the milling edge 5 has a course which follows the milling edge profile P.
• This is in the diagram of FIG. 4 exemplified, wherein the dashed line corresponds to the course of the Milling edge 5 given course of Spanraum grounds 9, or alternatively the course of the chip space root 10, 10 ⁇ the Spanraumgrundprofil S represents.
• the chip space basic profile S is defined by the radius G, measured in each case with respect to the working axis of rotation, of the chip space 9 or of the chip space root 10, FIG. 4, the radius G of the chip space is plotted against the axial length L.
• the wording "following the milling edge 5" is to be understood in particular as meaning that the distance between chip space bottom 9 or chip space root 10, 10 " and milling edge 5 measured perpendicular to the milling edge 5 or measured in the radial direction with respect to the working axis of rotation 4 is at least partially substantially constant or constant.
• the distance between chip space bottom 9 or chip space root 10, 10 " and milling edge 5 measured perpendicular to the milling edge 5 or measured in the radial direction with respect to the working axis of rotation 4 is at least partially substantially constant or constant.
• the Fräskantenprofil P both linear and non-linear sections of the Fräskantenprofils P.
• the Spanraum groundprofil S in the sections with non-linear course Milling edge profile P only partially follows, for example, in the non-linear sections only partially parallel to the milling edge 5 runs.
• the respective chip spaces 7, as in the embodiments shown, have a height H which is substantially constant along the milling edge 5, wherein the height H of the chip space 7 example, by the difference between Fräskantenradius F and respective radius G of Spanraum grounds 9, or can be given by the vertical distance of Spanraum grounds 9 of the milling edge.
• the height H of the chip space 7 may be identical to the width of the chip surface 8.
• a rake face 8 can be obtained which over the course of the milling edge 5, but at least in the Fräskantenabêten 5.1 - 5.4 a substantially constant width B, for example, measured as measured perpendicular to the milling edge 5 distance between Spanraum ground 9 and milling edge 5, has.
• the Span surface 8 may be formed, for example, in the form of a clamping surface band with, measured perpendicular to the milling edge substantially constant width.
• a constant width B of the clamping surfaces 8 and / or a constant height H of the chip spaces 7, for example over the entire length of the milling edge 5 away at least similar, in particular substantially constant, chip-forming properties and / or a similar and / or substantially constant Chip removal can be achieved, whereby improved surface qualities can be achieved during milling.
• an improved stability of the milling edge 5 and the milling tool 1, in particular of the machining head 3, can be achieved compared to designs according to the prior art.
• an improved stability for example, the risk of breakage can be improved, in particular in the region of the milling edges 5, whereby extended service life can be achieved.
• an improved mechanical stability can be achieved for the cutting teeth 19, because through the in the circumferential direction U between adjacent cutting teeth 19 formed saddle-like projections 21, whose contour, e.g. in sections parallel to the working axis of rotation 4, which follows the contour of the cutting teeth or corresponds to the contour of the cutting teeth, a mechanical stabilization and support of the cutting teeth 19 can be achieved.
• chip spaces 7 are formed in the immediately adjacent to the milling edge 7 area substantially U-shaped or V-shaped, with a running between Spanraum ground 9 and milling edge 7 first leg 11, which is essentially formed by the rake face 8, and a second leg 12.
• the second leg 12 has a smaller radial height than the first leg 11, and extends between Spanraum ground 9 and a transition region 13 which is formed in the present embodiment in the manner of a plateau, or a shoulder segment.
• the transition region 13 or the corresponding shoulder segment is increased in relation to the chip space base 9 and extends from the second leg 12 in working direction of rotation R to an open-space edge 14 of a milling edge 5 following working direction R.
• transition region 13, or the shoulder segment 13 may be formed differently in embodiments.
• the transition region 13 starting from the Spanraum ground 9, z. B. without explicit training of a shoulder continuously increases towards the free edge edge 14, wherein the transition region 13, if necessary, concave or convex, in particular substantially uniformly convex or concave, may be curved, which is shown in FIG. 5 is shown as a first variant 13.1 according to the dash-dotted line.
• the transition region 13, starting from the chip space base 9, to extend at approximately constant radial height in the circumferential direction U or working direction of rotation R, and in the region of the free surface edge 14 to have a substantially radial course, which is shown in FIG. 5 is shown as a second variant 13.2 according to the dash-double-dotted line.
• An open surface 15 adjoins each of the cutting edges 5, counter to the working rotational direction R, which is delimited in the peripheral direction U d by the free edge edge 14 on the one hand and the milling edge 7 on the other hand.
• the free surface 15 has a predetermined free surface width E, which, measured either as an absolute length in the circumferential direction, or measured as an angle with respect to z.
• the working axis of rotation 4 in the course lgs ngs the milling edge 7, is essentially constant or constant.
• respective milling edges 7 and free surfaces 15 form a lug or milling roll running along the milling edge 7, which has the predetermined free surface width E measured in the circumferential direction U, and which runs at a predetermined twist angle on the base body 6, and From the starting body 6, it has a predetermined, in particular substantially constant thickness measured in radial direction.
• the radial height of the milling lens varies in accordance with the milling edge profile P, so that the milling teeth 19 are formed in the region of the milling edge sections 5. 1, 5.3, and 5.4.
• the difference between the radial height of the Frastenol lens u and the wheel ius G of Spanraumgru nds 9 may be substantially constant in the form of the course of the milling edge 5 in embodiments. In further embodiments, it may be provided that the height of the milling tool lens measured perpendicular to the milling edge is substantially constant over the chip space. At constant heights, improved stability, in particular breakage stability, can be achieved over the longitudinal extent of the milling roll.
• the base body 6 in the intermediate region between two circumferentially successive Fräskanten 5 is formed such that its contour follows the Fräskantenprofil P, wherein the bezüg Lich the Häd rehachse 4 measured radial height of the body in the area between chip space.
• a first milling lens and the free surface edge 14 of a subsequent second milling roller may be larger than the radius G in the clamping surface around the 9th free surface 15 and the free surface.
• the edge 14 is likewise designed in such a way, in particular in the case of all milling rolls, that they have a contour or a profile which follows the milling edge profile P, ie. H . geometric kong ruent to Fräskantenprofil P is.
• the free surface 15 may be formed such that it is inclined u nter a predetermined free surface angle Wl, which may for example be in the range between 0 ° and 15 °.
• the chip space 7 can in particular be designed such that its cross section is constant over the entire length of the milling edge 5, but at least over the entire length of a milling edge section, along the course of the milling edge 5 or the chip space base 9 ,
• the chip space 7 may be formed as a kind of groove that has a substantially constant geometry in the course along the chip space 7 in the radial direction and circumferential direction U.
• Corresponding structures can be produced, for example, with a corresponding blank by material removal, for example, milling.
• the milling tool 1 proposed herein the number of existing in the direction of rotation U Fräska 5 or milling teeth 19 or milling rollers increase, that is, it is possible that the pitch angle T is reduced compared to known milling cutters.
• a reduction of the partial angle T can be achieved with the milling tool 1 proposed here, in contrast to the known milling tools mentioned, an improvement with regard to the mechanical stability of the working area, since in the milling tools proposed here 1, for example.
• the transition regions 13, in particular the saddle like projections 21, have a stabilizing effect, so that in particular the risk of breakage can be reduced.
• the chip space 7 and the twist angle can be varied freely within wide limits, without significantly changing or worsening the mechanical stability of the milling tool 1.
• the milling rolls may be designed such that they have a wedge angle W2 in the range of 51 ° and 93 °, and / or a rake angle W3 in the range of -3 ° and 24 °.
• the free surface angle W1, the wedge angle W2 and the rake angle W3 can be selected to be comparatively flexible, so that it is possible for the milling tool 1 to be flexibly machined to the respective workpiece Adjust material and / or according to the respective Fräskantenprofils P required.
• the milling tool 1 furthermore has a plurality of cooling and / or lubricant outlet openings 16.
• the cooling and / or lubricant outlet openings 16, hereinafter briefly outlet openings 16, may be formed, for example, as openings of radial bores which at the ends remote from the outlet openings 16 with a running inside the milling tool 1 axial cooling and / or lubricant channel fluidly connected.
• the outlet openings can 16 are arranged comparatively flexible compared to conventional milling tools.
• the outlet openings 16 can be arranged at least partially in the transition regions 13. Since the contour of the transition regions 13 may follow the Fräskantenprofil P, ie may be formed corresponding to the Fräskantenprofil, the outlet openings 16 with respect to radial height z. B. can be brought close to the Fräskanten 5, so that cooling and / or lubricant distribution can be improved at the Fräskanten 5.
• FIG. 6 shows a milling tool according to a second variant
• FIG. 7 shows a milling tool 1 "according to a third variant.
• the milling tools 1 and 1 "according to the first and second variants differ from the milling tool 1 according to the first variant in particular in that the milling edges 5 are arranged at a different, especially smaller pitch angle T. This shows that in the milling tool proposed here, the milling edges 5 comparatively It can also be seen that the twist angle can be freely selected within wide limits.
• the milling edges 5 can be arranged such that during the milling process always at least two cutting edges 5 at least partially engaged with the workpiece are, whereby the smoothness of the milling tool 1, 1 "can be improved.
• FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 show sections of milling edge profiles P and associated chip space basic profiles S, which can be implemented according to the invention proposed herein, and in which the chip space basic profile S follows the milling edge profile P in a region which comprises a non-linear course in the milling edge profile P; ., in which the Spanraum groundprofil S corresponding, in particular geometrically congruent, is formed to Fräskantenprofil P.
• the chip space basic profile S may be substantially parallel to the Fräskantenprofil P. It is also possible that the radial distance or the distance measured perpendicular to the milling edge 5 between the milling edge 5 and the chip space bottom 9 following the milling edge 5 is substantially constant or constant.
• the in FIG. Milling edge profile P shown in FIG. 8 comprises two straight sections, the milling edge radius F being substantially constant in a first section, and the milling edge radius increasing linearly in a second section, so that the routing edge profile formed from both sections comprises a non-linear profile as a whole.
• the derivative or slope of Fräskantenprofils P from a geometrical point of view on a discontinuity.
• the Fräskantenprofil P and corresponding to the Spanraum groundprofil S, a wave-like, non-linear course, with a wave trough and a wave crest. From a geometrical point of view, the milling edge profile P has a point of inflection 18 in the region between wave peak and trough. In the example of FIG. 9, the Fräskantenprofil P, and corresponding to the Spanraum groundprofil S, a wave-like, non-linear course, with a wave trough and a wave crest. From a geometrical point of view, the milling edge profile P has a point of inflection 18 in the region between wave peak and trough. In the example of FIG.
• Fräskantenabrough shown in the manner of a tine, in particular in the manner of a Fräszahns 19, formed with two linear portions, ie, a linear rising portion or a rising Fräszahnflanke 20.1, and a linear sloping portion or a linearly falling Fräszahnflanke 20.2, wherein the Fräskantenprofil P at the intersection 17 and vertex of the two subregions has a point of discontinuity in its derivative.
• the shown Fräskantenabites thus has a total of a non-linear course, and according to the underlying invention, the Spanraum groundprofil S has a profile corresponding to Fräskan- profile, ie also has a discontinuity point in its derivative, has.
• the Fräskantenabitese shown in the figures may also have other gradients.
• a convexly or concavely curved course of the milling edge can be provided, and any desired combinations of milling edge sections mentioned and described herein in connection with the invention can be provided, in particular any combination of straight and curved sections with constant, decreasing or increasing milling edge radius, with increasing or decreasing slope, etc.
• FIG. 11 shows a schematic side view of a milling tool 1 according to FIG. 6, and FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show an axial plan view and a side view of the milling tool 1, respectively.
• a minimum profile diameter D of the machining head 3 is indicated, which at a predetermined position along the axial direction of the machining head 3, in the example of FIG. 11 located in the region of the axial end of the machining head 3, is defined by the cutter geometry.
• at least one of the Fräskantenabête as a, with respect to the working axis of rotation 4 in particular dome-shaped trained, cutting tooth 19 may be formed.
• the ratio between the number of successively arranged with respect to the working axis of rotation 4 in the circumferential direction per revolution arranged cutting teeth 19 and the minimum profile diameter D of the working area 3 may for example be between 0.2 and 1.0
• the milling tools 1 proposed herein may, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, may be configured such that the pitch angle (s) T and the twist angle (s) are selected such that at least one milling tool sector 22 is present, in which axial projection relative to the working axis of rotation 4 is considered (see FIG. 12), a first cutting tooth 23 of a first milling edge 24 and a second cutting tooth 25 of a second milling edge 26 are located, wherein the first milling edge 24 is spaced in the circumferential direction U by at least 1-fold pitch angle T of the second milling edge 26, and wherein the Fräswerkmaschinegnesektor 22 sweeps over a circumferential angle which is less than or equal to the pitch angle T.
• FIG. 12 corresponds to the Fräswerkmaschinegnesektor 22 to the pitch angle T, wherein in embodiments of the milling tool sector 22 may be formed smaller than the pitch angle T.
• the milling tool sector may be 1/3 to 1/2 of the pitch angle.

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• 2017
  • 2017-02-08 DE DE102017102473.5A patent/DE102017102473A1/de active Pending
• 2018
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