EP3504013A1 - VERFAHREN ZUM HERSTELLEN EINES METALLISCHEN BANDES IN EINER GIEßWALZANLAGE - Google Patents
VERFAHREN ZUM HERSTELLEN EINES METALLISCHEN BANDES IN EINER GIEßWALZANLAGEInfo
- Publication number
- EP3504013A1 EP3504013A1 EP17701097.2A EP17701097A EP3504013A1 EP 3504013 A1 EP3504013 A1 EP 3504013A1 EP 17701097 A EP17701097 A EP 17701097A EP 3504013 A1 EP3504013 A1 EP 3504013A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rolling
- train
- furnace
- scissors
- finishing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/60—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
- B21B2015/0014—Cutting or shearing the product transversely to the rolling direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a metallic strip in a cast roll plant, wherein the cast roll plant comprises: a casting machine for casting a slab, - in the conveying direction of the metallic strip of the casting machine
- first furnace or / and a first Rollgangsdämmrange a first pair of scissors, which is arranged between the casting machine and the first furnace and / or the first Rollgangsdämmrange, a roughing mill with a number of rolling stands, following in the conveying direction of the metallic strip of the roughing second oven or / and a second Rollgangsdämmrange, a second pair of scissors, which is arranged between the roughing and the second furnace and / or the second Rollgangsdämmrange, a finishing mill with a number of rolling stands, a cooling line, at least two reel or a reel and - a third scissors, the is arranged between the cooling section and the coiler.
- CSP plants thin slab casting rolling mills
- Thin slab casting rolling mills for rolling single bands or for continuous rolling are already well mentioned in the prior art.
- the invention is therefore based on the invention of further developing a method of the type mentioned above in such a way that an increased degree of flexibility is possible; In doing so, it is intended to be able to react flexibly, in particular to different operating conditions.
- the proposed system concept and mode of operation should therefore be characterized by a high degree of flexibility.
- the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that at least one of the following operating modes is selected for the production of the strip: a) continuous rolling, in which the casting machine, the roughing train and the
- Finishing line are operatively connected to each other and the rolling of the material is carried out with pourer mass flow, the finished tapes are separated at the coiler by means of the third pair of scissors; an endless rolling in the roughing train in which the casting machine and the roughing train are operatively connected to each other and rolling the material with pouring mass flow, as well as a single belt rolling (batch operation) in the finishing train, wherein the pre-belts rolled in the roughing train for the single strip rolling in the finishing train are separated by means of the second pair of scissors; c) a single belt rolling (batch mode) in the roughing and a
- Single belt rolling (batch operation) in the finishing train wherein the slabs produced in the casting machine for the single strip rolling in the roughing train and in the finishing train are separated by means of the first pair of scissors; a semi-endless rolling in the roughing train and / or a semi-endless rolling in the finishing train, wherein the slabs produced in the casting machine for semi-endless rolling in the roughing are separated by means of the first scissors and / or wherein the pre-straightened in the roughing mill for the semi-endless rolls are separated in the finishing line by means of the second pair of scissors, wherein the finished strips are separated at the coiler by means of the third pair of scissors.
- At least one slab is preferably placed in the first furnace and / or in the first roll-partitioning section.
- At least one slab or a sliver is placed in the second furnace and / or in the second Rollgangsdämmrange.
- the abovementioned operating modes a), b), c) and / or d) can be selected as a function of the final thickness of the strip.
- the operating modes a), b), c) and / or d) may be selected as a function of the starting process of the cast rolling mill. Furthermore, it is possible for the operating modes a), b), c) and / or d) to be selected as a function of a roll change taking place in the roughing train and / or in the finishing train.
- one of the above operating modes is selected and the production is then carried out with this mode; Accordingly, only one of the named options a), b), c) or d) is realized at a given time.
- a change between the different ones may also be mentioned
- the mean slab temperature at the outlet of the first furnace is preferably at least 1000 ° C., more preferably at least 1100 ° C.
- the mean pre-strip temperature at the outlet of the second furnace is preferably at least 1100 ° C., more preferably at least 1150 ° C.
- the mean pre-strip temperature at the outlet of the second furnace is at least 1150 ° C., the product of the thickness of the strip (h B ) and the speed of the strip (v B ) being at least 350 mm / min, preferably at least 500 mm m / min.
- n number of stands in the finishing train
- the temperature in the last active stand of the finishing train is preferably above the ⁇ - ⁇ -phase conversion, in particular above 820 ° C.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown.
- the single figure shows schematically the side view of a 1-strand casting and rolling plant for the production of a strip.
- the proposed thin slab casting rolling mill concept consists of the following main components, which result from the figure:
- the cast roll plant 2 for the production of the strip 1 initially has a
- a first furnace 4 is arranged, on the first furnace 4 follows in the conveying direction F a roughing train 5, which has a number of rolling stands R1 and R2. Behind the roughing 5 is followed by a second oven 6, in turn, a finishing train 7 with several
- Cooling section 8 is arranged, followed by a reel 9.
- a first scissors S1 is arranged between the caster 3 and the first furnace 4.
- a second pair of scissors S2 is located behind the roughing train 5 and in front of the second furnace 6.
- a third pair of scissors S3 is finally located just before the reel 9.
- the first furnace 4 and / or in the first Rollgangsdämmrange finds at least a single slab space; the at least one individual slab is also provided in FIG the area between the first scissors S1 and the first rolling mill R1 of the roughing road 5 fits.
- the roughing 5 preferably consists of 1 to 4 stands, with two scaffolds being particularly preferably provided.
- the second furnace 6 or / and the second roll-passage insulation section behind the roughing train 5 is designed such that at least one individual preliminary strip fits into its horizontal position or extent or at least one single preliminary strip fits into the area between the second shear S2 and the first rolling stand F1 of the
- Finishing mill 7 fits.
- the finishing train 7 consists mostly of 1 to 7 stands, preferably 4 to 6 stands are provided.
- the first scissors S1 is a slitter scissors for separating the slabs leaving the casting machine 3.
- the second scissors S2 is a Vorbandschere to
- the third pair of scissors S3 is a band shears for separating the bands in front of the reel 9.
- the three shears S1, S2 and S3 are provided to realize the above-mentioned different operation modes.
- the cast rolling mill 1 preferably no rapid heating (eg in the form of an induction heating) is provided, which is advantageous when using less expensive gas and from an energy point of view.
- the first furnace 4 and / or the second furnace 6 for example, and preferably in the form of a roller hearth furnace
- an induction heater can also be optionally arranged behind said roller-track insulation sections.
- An arrangement of furnace parts and Rollgangsdämmrown in any order and combination before and / or behind the roughing is possible.
- the length of the first furnace (4) or the first roll insulation or an array of first furnace parts (4) and Rollgangsdämmrown in any order and combination behind the first scissors (S1) is preferably shorter than the length of the second furnace (6) or the second Rollgangsdämmrange or an arrangement of second oven parts (6) and Rollgangsdämmrown in any order and combination behind the second pair of scissors (S2).
- a single slab or a single sliver is so long that it can be rolled or produced from a coil with typical produced ring weight.
- the cast rolling mill (CSP plant) can be operated very flexibly by optimized operation of the main components mentioned.
- an endless rolling in the roughing train 5 and a continuous rolling in the finishing train 7 are first possible, ie. H.
- the casting machine 3 and the roughing and finishing line 5, 7 are interconnected. It is rolled with the caster mass flow and separated the bands on the reel 9 with the third scissors S3.
- the temperature control can by an individual
- first furnace 4 and the second furnace 6 are the distances between the first scissors S1 and the rolling stand R1 of the roughing train 5 or / and second scissors S2 and rolling mill stand F1 of FIG Mill 7 dimensioned so that they can accommodate more than one slab (for example, 2 or 3 slabs), then a semi-endless band rolling of the first furnace 4 and / or the second furnace 6 and the corresponding plant lines is possible. Then a first separation of the semi-endless slabs on the first scissors S1 or semi-endless slivers on the second scissors S2 and a final division into individual bands with the third scissors S3 in front of the reel 9.
- the various operating modes can be selected and adjusted.
- a warming of the rolling plants can, for. B. done in batch mode on roughing and finishing line.
- a switch to the endless mode in the roughing street can be performed.
- thinner tapes preferably at thicknesses of less than or equal to 1, 2 mm
- the roughing and / or the finishing train are operated with temperature-speed-up or it is alternatively the amount of water at least one inter-frame cooling changed accordingly.
- CSP plant continuous casting plant
- slab cleaning or descaling
- the slab is cleaned (descaled) between the last two pairs of string rolls.
- V spec in m 3 / h / m ⁇ 600 xv preferably V spec in m 3 / h / m ⁇ 450 xv with v as the transport speed of the rolling or cast product in the range of the scale washer in m / s ("x" is the multiplication sign).
- the active finishing stand number n is preferably adapted to the finished strip thickness h F. The following approximation equation is used for this: n> 5 xh F "0 6
- Rolling areas with insulation can be divided into different areas (in the longitudinal direction), so that slabs or slab parts or / and Vorbs.
- Vorbandmaschine can be carried out. As a result, z. B. created buffer times, simply disposed of the cold string or the elimination of disturbances are simplified. In addition, flame cutting machines can be provided in front of and / or behind the furnace parts.
- the average slab temperature (defined as averaged over the thickness in the middle) at the outlet of the first oven 4 is> 1,000 ° C, preferably> 1,100 ° C.
- the mean pre-strip temperature at the exit from the second furnace 6 is>
- inductive heating within the finishing train between finishing stands for continuous or semi-continuous rolling operation is intended to set higher final rolling temperatures (e.g.,> 850 ° C) and / or to selectively influence the mechanical finish tape properties and / or at low casting speeds.
- finishing train (definition see above) with effective nip lubrication preferably on all stands (optional except last active finishing stand), which achieve a rolling force reduction due to lubrication of> 10% per scaffold.
- the transition from continuous rolling in batch rolling can be done by cutting on the first shear S1 without a transition wedge.
- the first shear S1 cuts and the finish rolling of the endless slab is carried out without changing the setup in the rolling stands R1 / R2 of the roughing mill 5.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016222122 | 2016-11-10 | ||
| DE102016015414 | 2016-12-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/050950 WO2018086762A1 (de) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-01-18 | VERFAHREN ZUM HERSTELLEN EINES METALLISCHEN BANDES IN EINER GIEßWALZANLAGE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3504013A1 true EP3504013A1 (de) | 2019-07-03 |
| EP3504013B1 EP3504013B1 (de) | 2021-08-11 |
| EP3504013B2 EP3504013B2 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
Family
ID=57868242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17701097.2A Active EP3504013B2 (de) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-01-18 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines metallischen bandes in einer giesswalzanlage |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11000888B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3504013B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6684968B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN109890524B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102017200731A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018086762A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6684968B2 (ja) | 2016-11-10 | 2020-04-22 | エス・エム・エス・グループ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 連続鋳造圧延設備内において、金属的なストリップを製造するための方法 |
| CN110616306A (zh) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-27 | 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 | 一种热轧在线移动保温热处理工艺 |
| DE102019207459A1 (de) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Sms Group Gmbh | Gieß-Walzanlage für den Batch- und Endlosbetrieb |
| EP4072746B1 (de) | 2019-12-11 | 2025-04-09 | SMS group GmbH | Modulare walzstrasse, insbesondere warmwalzstrasse, vorzugsweise in verbindung mit einer vorgeschalteten giesseinrichtung |
| CN114786832A (zh) | 2019-12-11 | 2022-07-22 | Sms集团有限公司 | 用于热轧机和用于制造金属扁平产品的热轧机架、热轧机以及用于运行热轧机的方法 |
| ES2953325T3 (es) * | 2020-09-24 | 2023-11-10 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Instalación de laminación de compuestos de fundición y procedimiento para operar la instalación de laminación de compuestos de fundición |
| JP7310772B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-29 | 2023-07-19 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | ミルペーシング制御方法 |
| DE102021203262A1 (de) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | Sms Group Gmbh | Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Bands |
| DE102021207943A1 (de) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Sms Group Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines metallischen Bandes |
| CN115741125B (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2026-01-27 | 佛山市诺创智能设备有限公司 | 多规格板件生产线及生产方法 |
| CN116237366B (zh) * | 2023-01-07 | 2025-11-04 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | 一种连铸连轧产线轧机换辊方法 |
| EP4596128A1 (de) * | 2024-02-02 | 2025-08-06 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Energieeffiziente herstellung von walzprodukten mit hoher enddicke |
| EP4613391A1 (de) | 2024-03-07 | 2025-09-10 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Giesswalzanlage und verfahren |
Family Cites Families (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3174457B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-17 | 2001-06-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 連鋳直結熱間圧延設備およびその圧延方法 |
| DE19613718C1 (de) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-23 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von warmgewalztem Stahlband |
| NL1003293C2 (nl) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-10 | Hoogovens Staal Bv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van een stalen band. |
| IT1290743B1 (it) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-12-10 | Danieli Off Mecc | Procedimento di laminazione per prodotti piani con spessori sottili e relativa linea di laminazione |
| AT409227B (de) | 1998-08-17 | 2002-06-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von warmgewalztem stahlband aus einer stahlschmelze |
| IT1314794B1 (it) | 2000-02-15 | 2003-01-16 | Danieli Off Mecc | Procedimento di controllo assialita' per bramme uscenti da colatacontinua e relativo dispositivo. |
| TWI288676B (en) * | 2002-07-06 | 2007-10-21 | Sms Demag Ag | Method and casting roller plant for the semi-endless or endless rolling by casting of a metal in particular a steel strip which may be transversely cut as required after solidification |
| UA91564C2 (ru) * | 2005-12-16 | 2010-08-10 | Смс Зимаг Акциенгезелльшафт | Способ и устройство для изготовления металлической полосы |
| DE102006054932A1 (de) | 2005-12-16 | 2007-09-13 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Metallbandes durch Gießwalzen |
| DE102008029581A1 (de) | 2007-07-21 | 2009-01-22 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Bändern aus Silizum-Stahl oder Mehrphasenstahl |
| DE102007058709A1 (de) | 2007-08-04 | 2009-02-05 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bandes aus Stahl |
| DE102008003222A1 (de) | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | Sms Demag Ag | Kompakte flexible CSP-Anlage für Endlos-, Semi-Endlos- und Batchbetrieb |
| AT506065B1 (de) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-15 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen austenitischen walzen eines in einem kontinuierlichen giessprozess hergestellten vorbandes und kombinierte giess- und walzanlage zur durchführung des verfahrens |
| DE102009037278A1 (de) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-17 | Sms Siemag Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dünnen Warmbandes |
| IT1400002B1 (it) * | 2010-05-10 | 2013-05-09 | Danieli Off Mecc | Procedimento ed impianto per la produzione di prodotti laminati piani |
| EP2428288B1 (de) | 2010-09-08 | 2013-04-17 | Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Stahlbändern durch Endloswalzen oder Semi-Endloswalzen |
| DE102012002642B4 (de) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Warmband zur Herstellung eines Elektroblechs und Verfahren hierzu |
| AR090100A1 (es) | 2012-02-21 | 2014-10-22 | Celgene Corp | Procesos para la preparacion de la (s)-1-(3-etoxi-4-metoxifenil)-2-metanosulfoniletilamina |
| CN102553950B (zh) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-07-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种薄带连铸生产线轧后冷却系统及其控制方法 |
| WO2014050127A1 (ja) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 製造設備列および熱電発電方法 |
| JP2014180187A (ja) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Toshiba Corp | 電力需要予測装置、方法及びプログラム並びに需要抑制計画策定装置 |
| EP3294470B1 (de) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-07-10 | SMS group GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung eines metallischen bandes im giesswalzverfahren |
| KR101726046B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-04 | 2017-04-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연주압연장치 및 연주압연방법 |
| JP6684968B2 (ja) | 2016-11-10 | 2020-04-22 | エス・エム・エス・グループ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 連続鋳造圧延設備内において、金属的なストリップを製造するための方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-01-18 JP JP2019524197A patent/JP6684968B2/ja active Active
- 2017-01-18 EP EP17701097.2A patent/EP3504013B2/de active Active
- 2017-01-18 DE DE102017200731.1A patent/DE102017200731A1/de active Pending
- 2017-01-18 CN CN201780066054.XA patent/CN109890524B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-18 WO PCT/EP2017/050950 patent/WO2018086762A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-01-18 US US16/346,430 patent/US11000888B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11000888B2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
| WO2018086762A1 (de) | 2018-05-17 |
| JP2019535525A (ja) | 2019-12-12 |
| US20200061685A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
| EP3504013B2 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
| EP3504013B1 (de) | 2021-08-11 |
| JP6684968B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
| CN109890524A (zh) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109890524B (zh) | 2020-08-28 |
| DE102017200731A1 (de) | 2018-05-17 |
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