EP3477240B1 - Entraînement à gaz sans moment pour une arme à feu - Google Patents

Entraînement à gaz sans moment pour une arme à feu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3477240B1
EP3477240B1 EP18201940.6A EP18201940A EP3477240B1 EP 3477240 B1 EP3477240 B1 EP 3477240B1 EP 18201940 A EP18201940 A EP 18201940A EP 3477240 B1 EP3477240 B1 EP 3477240B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
housing
breechblock
gun barrel
drive according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18201940.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3477240A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Hasler
Hans-Peter Sigg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blaser Group GmbH
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Blaser Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3477240A1 publication Critical patent/EP3477240A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3477240B1 publication Critical patent/EP3477240B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F41A5/26—Arrangements or systems for bleeding the gas from the barrel
    • F41A5/28—Adjustable systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F41A5/26—Arrangements or systems for bleeding the gas from the barrel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas drive for the automatic reloading of a firearm according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • gas pressure loading system In the case of self-loading firearms, the so-called gas pressure loading system is a widely used principle for automatic reloading.
  • part of the gas from the propellant charge that is produced when a shot is fired is branched off via a hole in the barrel wall and either directly or indirectly via a gas piston Lock carrier guided so as to initiate the reloading process.
  • a gas take-off device with a gas take-off housing fixedly arranged on the gun barrel is generally provided on the gun barrel.
  • the gas piston is guided axially displaceably in a pressure chamber arranged inside the gas take-off housing.
  • the pressure chamber is connected to the barrel bore via gas sampling holes.
  • the pressure chambers provided in the gas take-off housing are usually closed on one side.
  • a generic gas drive of a firearm is known.
  • a gas take-off device is arranged on a gun barrel and contains a pressure chamber which is connected to a barrel bore in the gun barrel via a gas take-off channel.
  • the pressure chamber is delimited on the rear side as seen in the firing direction by a gas piston movable by means of the pressure in the pressure chamber and on its front side by a front part of a gas take-off housing which is fixedly arranged on the gun barrel.
  • the axially movable gas piston serves as a closure actuation element, by means of which a closure actuation device for moving a closure body between a locking and unlocking position for automatic reloading of the firearm can be controlled.
  • US2010 / 0251885 A1 and US 2,920,536 disclose generic gas drives.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a gas drive for a firearm that enables improved shooting precision.
  • the front part of the gas take-off device which delimits the pressure chamber to the front is supported by a support element on the closure housing.
  • the gun barrel is axially movable relative to the front part supported on the breech housing by the support element.
  • the gas take-off device is decoupled from the gun barrel in such a way that the axial forces acting through the pressure within the pressure chamber are not transmitted to the gun barrel. In this way, vibrations generated by the reloading process or thermally induced deformations and the consequent impairment of the shooting precision can be avoided.
  • the front part of the gas take-off device which delimits the pressure chamber in the firing direction can be designed as a piston which is arranged in an opening in the form of a through opening of a gas take-off housing which is fixed to the gun barrel and is firmly connected to the breech housing via a rod-shaped support element.
  • the gas pressure inside the pressure chamber does not exert any axial force on the gas take-off housing, but rather on the piston-shaped front part supported by the support element on the closure housing. No torque acts on the unit consisting of the gas take-off housing and the gun barrel, so that the gun barrel is not deformed by the gas pressure used for the charging process and the shot precision can be improved.
  • the closure actuating element can be designed as a gas piston which is guided axially displaceably within the opening of the gas take-off housing. Both the closure actuating element, which is preferably designed as a gas piston, and the piston-shaped front part are expediently sealed off from the gas take-off housing via seals or piston rings.
  • the rod-shaped support element can be arranged coaxially with the closure actuation element designed as a gas piston and a transmission element leading from the closure actuation element to the closure housing.
  • the rod-shaped support element can e.g. protrude through a central through hole in the closure actuating element designed as a gas piston and into the transmission element designed as a hollow body.
  • the closure actuating element which is displaceable relative to the supporting element, is expediently sealed radially with respect to the supporting element by a seal.
  • the support element can also be arranged parallel to the transmission element.
  • the front part of the gas take-off device which delimits the pressure chamber forward in the firing direction can be designed as a closed front wall of a gas take-off housing which is movable relative to the gun barrel.
  • the gas take-off housing can be guided on the gun barrel so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction via a guide bushing.
  • the guide bush can be made in one piece with the gas take-off housing or as a separate component.
  • the support element can be designed as a holding web of a forearm connected to the closure housing and arranged centrally to the closure actuation element.
  • the support element can also be designed as a holding rod arranged parallel to the gun barrel with a holder resting on the front part or in another suitable manner.
  • the gas extraction channel used to connect the barrel bore in the gun barrel to the pressure chamber of the gas take-off device can comprise a bore in the gun barrel branching radially from the barrel bore and a gas withdrawal bore in the gas take-off housing aligned with the bore.
  • the bore in the gas take-off housing has a larger diameter than the gas take-off bore in the gun barrel, so that there is a connection between the barrel bore and the pressure chamber even in the event of a relative movement between the gun barrel and the gas take-off housing caused by tolerances or thermal expansion.
  • the closure actuating element can be designed as a gas piston which is guided axially displaceably within an opening of the gas take-off housing.
  • the closure actuating element can also be designed as a tube for transmitting the pressure in the pressure chamber to the closure housing.
  • Figure 1 is shown a part of a self-loading firearm known per se with a gun barrel 1 and a gas sampling device 2 arranged on the gun barrel 1.
  • the weapon barrel 1 arranged on a system case or breech housing 3 has a rear region 4 with a diameter increased with a cartridge chamber 5 and a front region 6 with a barrel bore 7.
  • the gas extraction device 2 arranged in the front region 6 of the weapon barrel 1 contains a pressure chamber 8, which on its rear side, as seen in the firing direction, by means of a bolt actuating element 9 that can be moved in the direction of the bolt housing 3 by means of the pressure in the pressure chamber 8 and on its front side, as seen in the firing direction a front part 10 is limited.
  • the breech actuating element 9 is a gas piston, which is displaceably guided parallel to the gun barrel 1 in an opening 11 in the form of a blind hole in a gas take-off housing 12.
  • the front part 10 delimiting the pressure chamber 8 to the front is formed by the closed front wall of the gas take-off housing 12 in the embodiment shown.
  • the closure actuating element 9, embodied here as a gas piston, is guided in a radially sealed manner within the opening 11 of the gas take-off housing 12 via seals or piston rings 13.
  • the pressure chamber 8 is connected to the bore 7 via a gas extraction channel.
  • this gas extraction channel is formed by a bore 14 in the gun barrel 1 radially branching from the barrel bore 7 and a gas extraction bore 15 in the gas take-off housing 12 aligned with the bore 14.
  • the closure actuating element 9, which is designed as a gas piston, is connected via a rod-shaped transmission element 16 projecting to the rear with a closure actuation device (not shown here) for moving a closure body between a locking and unlocking position.
  • the front end 17 of the transmission element 16 is connected to the closure actuating element 9 designed as a gas piston.
  • the other end of the transmission element 16 is connected to the closure actuating device which is arranged in the closure housing or system box 3 and is not shown here.
  • closure actuating element 9 which is designed as a gas piston, is seen in the firing direction to the rear (in Figure 1 to the right).
  • a closure actuation device arranged in the closure housing or system box 3 can be controlled via the transmission element 16, which is firmly connected to the closure actuation element 9.
  • the pressure of the gases introduced into the pressure chamber 8 acts in the known - in Figure 1 shown - Execution also on the front part 10 of the gas take-off housing 12 which delimits the pressure chamber 8 to the front and leads to a forward-looking force on the gas take-off housing 12 which is firmly connected to the gun barrel 1, which in turn generates a torque M represented by the arrow on the gun barrel 1.
  • a torque leads to vibrations or deformations of the gun barrel 1 and, as a result, impaired shooting precision.
  • FIG 2 a first embodiment of a gas drive according to the invention is shown.
  • the gun barrel 1 arranged on a breech housing 3 has a rear region 4 with a diameter 5 with a cartridge chamber 5 and a front region 6 with a barrel bore 7.
  • the gas extraction device 2 arranged in the front region 6 of the gun barrel 1 contains a pressure chamber 8 arranged parallel to the gun barrel 1, which here too, on its rear side as seen in the firing direction, by means of a bolt actuating element 9 and an which can be moved in the direction of the bolt housing 3 by means of the pressure in the pressure chamber 8 its front side seen in the weft direction is limited by a front part 10.
  • the closure actuating element 9 of the gas extraction device 2 is a gas piston, which is displaceably guided parallel to the gun barrel 1 in an opening 11 of a gas extraction housing 12 designed here as a through opening.
  • the front part 10 is not designed as a front wall of the gas take-off housing 12, but rather as a piston which is arranged in an opening 11 of the gas take-off housing 12 which is designed here as a through opening.
  • the pressure chamber 8 delimited by the front part 10 and the closure actuating element 9 is connected to the barrel bore 7 via a gas extraction channel with a bore 14 in the gun barrel 1 which branches off radially from the barrel bore 7 and a gas extraction bore 15 in the gas take-off housing 12 which is aligned with the bore 14.
  • the pressure chamber 8 is delimited by the closure actuating element 9 designed as a gas piston.
  • the closure actuating element 9, which is designed as a gas piston, is connected via a rearwardly projecting transmission element 16, which is designed as a hollow body, to a closure actuating device (not shown here) for moving a closure body between a locking and unlocking position.
  • this is e.g. tubular transmission element 16 is a separate component which, as seen in the weft direction, is firmly connected to the closure actuating element 9 designed as a gas piston.
  • the transmission element 16 can also be made in one piece with the closure actuating element 9.
  • the pressure chamber 8 is defined by the front part 10 arranged within the opening 11 in the gas take-off housing 12 limited.
  • the front part 10, which is piston-shaped here, is supported against the closure housing 3 by means of a rod-shaped support element 18.
  • Both the closure actuating element 9, which is designed as a gas piston, and the piston-shaped front part 10 are radially sealed with respect to that of the opening 11 in the gas take-off housing 12 by means of seals or piston rings 13.
  • the embodiment shown here projects the rod-shaped support element 18 through a central through hole 19 of the closure actuation element 9 designed as a gas piston.
  • the closure actuation element 9, which is displaceable relative to the support element 18, is radially sealed against the support element 18 by a seal 20 designed here as a labyrinth seal.
  • the rod-shaped support element 18 is fixedly connected to the piston-shaped front part 10 with its front end 21, as seen in the weft direction, and fixedly connected to the breech housing 3 with its rear end 22.
  • the rearward-projecting part of the rod-shaped support element 18 is arranged within the tubular transmission element 16.
  • FIG 3 Another embodiment of a gas drive according to the invention is shown.
  • the basic structure of this version corresponds to the version of Figure 1 , so that mutually corresponding components are also provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again in detail.
  • a major difference compared to the execution of Figure 1 is that the gas take-off housing 12 is not fixedly arranged on the gun barrel 1. Rather, the gun barrel 1 and the gas take-off housing 12 are movable relative to one another in the axial direction.
  • the gas take-off housing 12 contains a guide bush 23, via which the gas take-off housing 12 is displaceably guided on the front part 6 of the gun barrel 1 in the axial direction of the gun barrel 1 in accordance with the arrow.
  • the closure actuating element 9 which is designed as a gas piston
  • the gas pressure in the interior of the pressure chamber 8 also acts on the front part 10, which is designed as the front wall of the gas take-off housing 12, and exerts on the gas take-off housing 12 an axial force forward in the direction of the muzzle of the gun barrel 1.
  • this force is absorbed by a support element 18 which is firmly connected to the closure housing 3.
  • the support element 18 resting on the front of the gas take-off housing 12 is designed as a retaining web, which is arranged centrally to the lock actuating element 9, of a tubular or U-shaped forearm 24 connected to the lock housing 3.
  • the gun barrel can e.g. expand or lengthen by heating in the axial direction without causing tension in relation to the gas take-off housing 12.
  • the gas extraction bore 15 in the gas take-off housing 12 has a larger diameter than the bore 14 in the gun barrel 1, so that even with a slight displacement between the gun barrel 1 and the gas take-off housing 12, a connection remains between the barrel bore 7 and the pressure chamber 8.
  • the gas take-off housing 12 is guided on the front part 6 of the gun barrel 1 via a guide bushing 23 so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the arrow.
  • the closure actuating element 9 which is designed as a gas piston, is connected via a rearward-projecting, rod-shaped transmission element 16 to a closure actuating device, not shown here, for moving a closure body between a locking and unlocking position.
  • the rod-shaped transmission element 16 is firmly connected at one end to the second part 9 and at the other end to the closure actuating device which is arranged in the closure housing 3 and is not shown here.
  • the pressure chamber 8 is designed as a blind hole with an opening directed towards the rear in the direction of the start of the barrel.
  • the support element 18 is designed as a holding rod arranged parallel to the gun barrel 1 and the transmission element 16 with a holder 25 resting on the front part 10.
  • the rod-shaped support element 18 is fixedly connected at one end to the holder 25 and at the other end to the lock housing or system box 3 and is supported thereon.
  • the axial forces acting on the gas take-off housing 12 due to the pressure within the pressure chamber 8 are conducted into the closure housing or the system box 3. Due to the displaceable arrangement of the gas take-off housing 12 on the gun barrel 1, the gun barrel 1 can move freely even under temperature-related expansions or changes in length, so that there is no tension and consequent deformations.
  • closure actuating element 9 and pressure chamber 8 can also be interchanged.
  • a closure actuating element 9 designed as a gas piston can be arranged on the guide bush 23 and the gas take-off housing 12 with the pressure chamber 8 or a gas cylinder belonging to the gas piston can be arranged on the transmission element 16. All gas drives arranged here under the gun barrel 1 can also be arranged above the gun barrel or at any point around the gun barrel 1.
  • the gas take-off housing 12 is arranged on the top of the gun barrel 1.
  • the gas take-off housing 12 contains the gas take-off housing 12 a guide bush 23, via which the gas take-off housing 12 is guided on the front part 5 of the gun barrel 1 in the axial direction of the gun barrel 1 according to the arrow.
  • the gun barrel 1 and the gas take-off housing 12 are thus movable relative to one another in the axial direction.
  • the front part 10, which is designed here as a closed front wall of the gas take-off housing 12, is supported on the closure housing 3 by a support element 18 which lies against the front of the gas take-off housing 12 and is arranged centrally to the first part 9.
  • the support element 18 is also part of a tubular or U-shaped forearm 24, which is connected to the closure housing 3.
  • the closure actuating element 9 arranged at the rear end of the gas take-off housing 12 as seen in the firing direction not as a gas piston, but as a tube for transmitting the pressure in the pressure chamber 8 to the closure housing 3.
  • a piston arranged in the closure housing 3 or another actuation mechanism for actuating a closure body or another closure actuation device can be moved via the pressure in the pressure chamber 8.
  • the tubular closure actuating element 9 is connected to the gas take-off housing 12 via a cross pin 26.
  • the tubular closure actuating element 9 can also be connected to the gas take-off housing 12 via a thread.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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Claims (15)

  1. Entraînement à gaz pour une arme à feu avec un canon (1) agencé au niveau d'un boîtier de culasse (3) et un dispositif de retrait de gaz (2) agencé au niveau du canon (1) avec une chambre de pression (8) se trouvant en liaison par un canal de retrait de gaz (14, 15) avec un alésage de canon (7) dans le canon (1), laquelle est délimitée au niveau d'un côté arrière vu dans le sens de tir par un élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) mobile au moyen de la pression dans la chambre de pression (8) en direction du boîtier de culasse (3) ou conduisant la pression dans la chambre de pression (8) au boîtier de culasse (3) et est délimitée au niveau de son côté avant vu dans le sens de tir par une partie avant (10), caractérisé en ce que le canon (1) est axialement mobile par rapport à la partie avant (10) en appui par le biais d'un élément d'appui (18) au niveau du boîtier de culasse (3) du dispositif de retrait de gaz (2).
  2. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie avant (10) du dispositif de retrait de gaz (2) délimitant vers l'avant la chambre de pression (8) dans le sens de tir est réalisée comme piston qui est agencé dans une ouverture (11) réalisée comme ouverture traversante d'un boîtier de retrait de gaz (12) relié fixement au canon (1) et est reliée par le biais d'un élément d'appui (18) en forme de tige fixement au boîtier de culasse (3).
  3. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) est réalisé comme un piston à gaz guidé de manière mobile axialement à l'intérieur de l'ouverture (11) du boîtier de retrait de gaz (12).
  4. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) réalisé comme piston à gaz et la partie avant (10) réalisée comme piston sont rendus étanches par le biais de garnitures ou anneaux de piston (13) par rapport au boîtier de retrait de gaz (12).
  5. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'appui (18) en forme de tige est agencé coaxialement à l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) réalisé comme piston à gaz et un élément de transmission (16) menant de l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) au boîtier de culasse.
  6. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'appui (18) en forme de tige dépasse par un trou débouchant (19) central dans l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) réalisé comme piston à gaz et dans l'élément de transmission (16) réalisé comme corps creux.
  7. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) est rendu étanche par une garniture (20) radialement par rapport à l'élément d'appui (18).
  8. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie avant (10) délimitant la chambre de pression (8) vers l'avant dans le sens de tir du dispositif de retrait de gaz (2) est réalisée comme paroi avant d'un boîtier de retrait de gaz (12) mobile par rapport au canon (1).
  9. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier de retrait de gaz (12) est guidé par le biais d'une douille de guidage (23) de manière mobile dans le sens longitudinal au niveau du canon (1).
  10. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'appui (18) est réalisé comme une nervure de retenue, agencée centralement par rapport à l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9), d'un fût avant (24) relié au boîtier de culasse (3).
  11. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'appui (18) est réalisé comme tige de retenue agencée parallèlement au canon (1) avec un support (25) reposant contre la partie avant (10).
  12. Entraînement à gaz selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le canal de retrait de gaz (14, 15) comporte un alésage (14) bifurquant radialement de l'alésage de canon (7) dans le canon (1) et un alésage de retrait de gaz (15) s'alignant sur l'alésage (14) dans le boîtier de retrait de gaz (12).
  13. Entraînement à gaz selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage de retrait de gaz (15) dans le boîtier de retrait de gaz (12) présente un diamètre supérieur à l'alésage (14) dans le canon (1).
  14. Entraînement à gaz selon l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) est réalisé comme un piston à gaz guidé de manière mobile axialement à l'intérieur d'une ouverture (11) du boîtier de retrait de gaz (12).
  15. Entraînement à gaz selon l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement de culasse (9) est réalisé comme tube de transmission de la pression dans la chambre de pression (8) au boîtier de culasse (3).
EP18201940.6A 2017-10-26 2018-10-23 Entraînement à gaz sans moment pour une arme à feu Active EP3477240B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017125056.5A DE102017125056A1 (de) 2017-10-26 2017-10-26 Momentfreier Gasantrieb für eine Feuerwaffe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3477240A1 EP3477240A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
EP3477240B1 true EP3477240B1 (fr) 2020-05-13

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EP18201940.6A Active EP3477240B1 (fr) 2017-10-26 2018-10-23 Entraînement à gaz sans moment pour une arme à feu

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DE (1) DE102017125056A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021222950A1 (fr) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-11 Descom-Engineering GmbH Système de culasse à commande par pression de gaz pour une arme à feu

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2800059A (en) * 1953-06-05 1957-07-23 John M Miller Gas operated rifle
BE541451A (fr) * 1954-10-16
BE758832A (fr) * 1969-11-13 1971-04-16 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Arme a feu automatique
DE19739451A1 (de) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-11 Mehmet Celik Infanteriegewehr
US8250964B2 (en) * 2007-08-29 2012-08-28 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Gas system for firearms
DE102011107751A1 (de) 2011-07-15 2013-01-17 Schmeisser Gmbh Gasabnahmeanordnung für einen Lauf einer Waffe
US8528458B2 (en) * 2011-07-27 2013-09-10 Bernard T. Windauer Pressure-regulating gas block
DE202015001384U1 (de) * 2015-02-20 2015-03-23 Waffen-Albert Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit Gaskolbeneinrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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EP3477240A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
DE102017125056A1 (de) 2019-05-02

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