EP3473945A1 - Smoke prevention pressure system and method for operating same - Google Patents

Abstract

A smoke protection printing system for a building having at least one security room and at least one door assigned to the security room, comprising an air supply device for supplying outside air into the security room, a sensor arrangement and a controller connected to the sensor arrangement, the controller being set up as a function of measured values of the sensor arrangement Set supply air volume flow in the security room at least by means of the supply air device; and method for operating a smoke protection pressure system for a building with at least one security room, wherein upon activation of the smoke protection pressure system by means of a supply air outside air is conveyed into the security room, so that a pressure ventilation of the security room takes place, wherein by means of a control function of measured values of a sensor arrangement, a supply air Volume flow of the supply air device is adjusted.

Description

The invention relates to a smoke protection printing system for a building with at least one security room and at least one door assigned to the security room, comprising an air supply device for supplying outside air into the security room, a sensor arrangement and a controller connected to the sensor arrangement, the controller being set up in dependence on Measured values of the sensor arrangement to set a supply air volume flow in the security space at least by means of the supply air device. The invention further relates to a method for operating a smoke protection printing system for a building with at least one security room, wherein upon activation of the smoke protection printing system by means of a supply air outside air is conveyed into the security room, so that a pressure ventilation of the security room takes place, wherein by means of a control function of measured values a supply air volume flow of the supply air device is set a sensor arrangement.

Smoke protection pressure systems, also called RDA, are intended to ensure escape routes in buildings by keeping smoke or preventing the ingress of smoke, for example in a stairwell, fire brigade etc, hereinafter referred to generally as security room. In the event of a fire or generally an alarm, the RDA is usually activated via a fire alarm system, a manual override or via connected smoke detectors. Thereafter, flaps are opened in the Außenluftansaugung, a discharge opening at the top of the building and possibly outflow openings on the fire floor. The fan of the outside air intake is started and moves with pressure control to a preset setpoint for the pressure in the safety room.

The publication DE 10 2015 111 678 A1 relates to a smoke protection printing system for a Building having at least one possible fire room and at least one security room (staircase, fire brigade elevator or the like), which is connected to the fire room via at least one closing unit, comprising at least one pressurizing device with which in a fire in the fire room the security room with an overpressure can be acted upon, at least one smoke extraction duct with at least one smoke extraction damper, via which the smoke extraction duct can be connected to the fire room, and at least one suction unit, which is arranged at an outlet end of the smoke extraction shaft and with the possibly occurring flue gases from the smoke extraction shaft to be sucked. The smoke protection printing system in this case has a sensor device for directly or indirectly detecting a pressure difference between a pressure prevailing in the fire room pressure and prevailing in the security room pressure or a value by means of which the pressure difference between the security room and the fire room can be determined and a signaling technology connected to the sensor device and the Zulufteinheit control or regulating unit which is adapted to regulate a volume flow of the Zulufteinheit as a function of the respectively detected pressure difference.

When opening doors to the security room through a volume flow increase is carried out to ensure a door flushing while maintaining pressure in the security room. After closing the doors to the security room, a regulation to the setpoint for the pressure in the security room takes place again, according to DIN EN 12101-6 within a maximum permissible control time of three seconds. The short regulation time should avoid a considerable build-up of pressure in the security room.

A drawback with prior art smoke protection printing systems is that during the closing of the door and during the control period after door closing, a pressure spike builds up in the security room. When the door is closed, the pressure spike causes a pressure difference between the pressure prevailing in the fire chamber and the pressure built up in the safety room, which can temporarily exceed a permissible maximum value. In particular, when the door is designed to open in the direction of the security room, it can happen that there is a short-term pressure difference on the door which makes opening the door considerably more difficult or almost impossible. A person, especially in the case of a fire in search of an escape route, possibly under considerable stress, could erroneously assume in the moment of the upcoming pressure peak, the escape door is closed, because it can not be opened as usual, and then seeks another way out , as the way to the security room. Another disadvantage of smoke protection printing systems according to the prior art is that the closing door is slammed very violently by the already prevailing in the security room and increasing in the momentary pressure. This entails a considerable risk of injury for persons who are in the door area. The door itself can be damaged by the slamming, for example, the door panel can break or fall out, which limits the protective function of the door in case of fire and incidentally in turn would cause a permanent increase in the volume flow of the outside air supply. It has already been observed that an overflow element inserted above the respective door in the door reveal has fallen out due to the door slamming under the influence of the smoke protection pressure installation. Ultimately, even the door hardware, the frame or the frame can be damaged, which brings unwanted repairs already at start-up of the smoke protection printing system or at regular checks of the function of the smoke protection pressure system.

An object of the invention is to provide a smoke protection printing system in such a way that a pressure build-up in the security room is reduced when a door assigned to the security room is closed.

The object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. In the dependent claims each preferred embodiments and advantageous developments are given.

The smoke protection printing system according to the invention is intended for use and installation in a building, the building having at least one security room. As a security room in the context of the invention, a room of the building is referred to, which is to be kept smoke-free by means of the smoke protection printing system, ie usually an escape route or rescue route, often in particular a stairwell in multi-storey buildings, but also a fire brigade elevator. The building also has at least one door assigned to the security room. As a door, any closable opening of the building is referred to in the context of the invention. So it's not just doors in the strict sense includes, but for example, windows or flaps. Not assigned to the security room are the Rauchschutzruckanlage self-counting openings. In the following, the term of a possible fire room of the building is used, which in the sense of the invention designates in particular a room in which smoke develops in the event of activation of the smoke protection printing system, for example by a fire in the room. It can be several contiguous spaces, such as an apartment or an office unit, without actually occurring in each room smoke. Without a fire event, basically every room of the building that is not a security room is a potential fire room, ie a possible fire room within the meaning of the invention. The term possible fire space is thus in no case limited to the effect that a fire event actually takes place in the room.

The smoke protection printing system according to the invention has an inlet air device for supplying outside air into the security room, and a sensor arrangement and a controller connected to the sensor arrangement, wherein the controller is set to set a supply air volume flow in the security room at least by means of the supply air device as a function of measured values of the sensor arrangement , If an exhaust air device is also provided, which is controlled by means of the control, then the control is preferably set up to set a supply air volume flow in the safety space at least additionally by means of the exhaust air device as a function of measured values of the sensor arrangement

In the context of the invention, a door assigned to the security room is defined as any closable opening of the building which has an influence on the supply air volume flow generated by the supply air device when the smoke protection pressure system is activated. If the opening of a door with activated smoke protection pressure system leads to a division of the supply air volume flow, since the supply air through this door and possibly behind it openings, such as windows or other outflow openings, can flow out of the building, then this door is a security room associated door in the context of the invention. The opening of such a door assigned to the security room, for example by a user of the building, influences the supply air volume flow and consequently also the pressure build-up by the smoke protection pressure installation in the security room. Accordingly, for example, doors that lead directly into the security room are assigned to the security room, unless there is a room behind it from which no air could escape to the outside. But even doors that are separated from the security room, for example, by one or more intermediate doors, can have an influence on the supply air volume flow and the pressure in the security room, if the said intermediate doors are open, have overflow or missing. In such a case, the next door to a security space associated door in the context of the invention. The person skilled in the art will recognize that external doors of the building and / or windows leading to the outside, either directly or via at least one intermediate door, can also be counted among the doors assigned to the security room or at least become one.

According to the invention, the controller is set up to detect a closing operation of the at least one door during pressure ventilation of the security space on the basis of measured values of the sensor arrangement and to reduce the supply air volume flow before the closure of the door. In particular, the controller is set up to detect a closing operation of each of the doors of the building assigned to the safety room during pressure ventilation of the safety room on the basis of measured values of the sensor arrangement and to reduce the supply air volume flow before completion of the closing operation of the door.

An advantage of the invention is that after the door has closed a structure of a pressure peak in the security space is avoided or at least significantly reduced. This makes it particularly advantageous possible that the forces required to open the door can be kept below a maximum allowable value. Even a previously unavoidable in many buildings transient exceedance of these limits can be advantageously avoided and improve the safety of the building with respect to the escape routes. In addition, the door slammed less violently, so that the damage and dangers described above, which can be caused by slamming doors, also significantly reduced or completely avoided. This is made possible by the fact that the process of coincidence of the door can be detected before completion of the process. The process of coincidence of the door begins in the sense of the invention with the reduction of the door opening by the movement of the door. The closing of the door ends as soon as the door opening is completely closed, that is, the door has fallen into a lock, or is posted on a door frame. A sensor that only detects whether a door is closed or not is not capable of detecting the process of coincidence of the door in the sense of the invention.

The skilled artisan will recognize that during operation of the smoke protection printing system, a plurality of the doors of the building is assigned to the security room within the meaning of the invention. Furthermore, it is likewise conceivable that a plurality of these doors assigned to the security room are open, and thus, where appropriate, several closing operations of different doors can take place at the same time. In such a case, the smoke protection printing system according to the invention will respond to at least one of the door closing operations. The controller thus detects the closing operation of at least one of the doors closing at the same time and reduces the supply air volume flow in the security room. As a result, the excessively violent closing of all simultaneously coincident doors is advantageously avoided. If a plurality of doors assigned to the safety room within the meaning of the invention come one behind the other at a short distance, the sensor arrangement preferably detects, based on the sensor data, at least the closing operation of that door which will be the first to fall. This advantageously also in this case avoids the excessive slamming of all closing doors. It is of particular advantage that a detection of which the security room associated doors is in the closing process is unnecessary. By reducing the supply air volume flow in the security room, the heavy slamming of any door associated with the security room is avoided, no matter where it is in the building.

The sensor device preferably has pressure sensors, wherein at least one first pressure sensor measures a pressure prevailing in the safety chamber. The pressure in the safety room is measured in particular as a differential pressure. The In this case, the pressure value measured by the first pressure sensor is related to a reference pressure. Further preferably, a plurality of first pressure sensors are provided in particular for large security rooms in order to measure the pressure in the security room. Furthermore, the sensor device preferably has one or more second pressure sensors, which measure a pressure outside the safety area. In particular, the second pressure sensors are arranged in other rooms of the building, which are generalized here as possible fire area. In principle, it is possible to determine and process a differential pressure of the measured values of the first pressure sensors and of the second pressure sensors. However, all measured pressures, both from the first pressure sensors and from the second pressure sensors, are preferably measured as differential pressures relative to a reference pressure and processed by the controller.

According to a preferred embodiment, the controller is adapted to detect the closing operation of the door based on pressure measurements of the first pressure sensor. An advantage of this embodiment is that no additional sensors need to be installed on the doors of the building. Previously, it was already stated that almost all doors of a building basically come into question as doors assigned to the security room. In a conceivable alternative embodiment with encoders on the door for detecting a door closing operation, therefore, each candidate door would have to be equipped with a corresponding sensor system. In addition, the location of the doors in the building would have to be stored in the controller because the controller needs the information as to whether another door is closed or open between the closing door and the security room. Only when the intermediate door is open does the closing of the door behind the security room influence the pressure conditions in the security room. The detection of the closing operation on the basis of the pressure in the security room, in contrast, has the advantage that it is irrelevant to the control which of the doors of the building closes. If the closing operation is detected by the first pressure sensors, this means that in each case it must be a door assigned to the security room in the sense of the invention.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first pressure sensor is above the Door arranged. Above the door in the sense of the invention means that a height level of the pressure sensor with respect to a ground floor is higher than a height level of the door, in particular an upper boundary of the door. In this case, the pressure sensor does not necessarily have to be arranged in the vicinity of the door, but can be arranged at any point in the security room, as long as this point is at a height level above the door. Particularly preferably, the first pressure sensor is arranged above an uppermost door of the doors assigned to the safety room, in particular on a ceiling of the safety room or on a wall at a height level between the uppermost door and the ceiling of the safety room.

A further variant and preferred embodiment consists in that the controller is set up to detect the closing operation of the door on the basis of pressure measured values of the second pressure sensor. The second pressure sensor is arranged outside the security room, in particular in the possible fire room. In that case, additional external influences on the pressure conditions in the area of the second pressure sensors have to be considered. The possible fire area is defined in the sense of this feature as that space which is directly or indirectly connected to the security room via the door assigned to the security room.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the controller is set up to detect the closing operation of the door on the basis of pressure measured values of the first pressure sensor and / or of the second pressure sensor. In particular, the pressure readings of both sensors are monitored. This is particularly advantageous because it has been shown that in some cases detection of the door closing operation via the second pressure sensors is faster than via the first pressure sensors. As a result, precious fractions of a second can be gained for reducing the supply air volume flow. Finally, a combination of all proposed detection methods would be conceivable, ie an evaluation of sensor values of the first sensors, the second sensors and the rotary encoder on the doors.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the supply air device at least one fan, wherein the controller comprises a frequency converter for adjusting a speed of the fan. Further preferably, the supply air device has a closure device, which is connected to the controller. Such a closure device can be designed, for example, as a shutter flap or louvre window with an actuator. As a rule, such an actuator is slow, so that the closure device is unsuitable to influence the supply air volume flow within the meaning of the invention quickly enough. Preferably, therefore, the speed of the fan is shut down. In principle, however, it would be quite possible to reduce the supply air volume flow by means of the closure device with a fast actuator. Another variant is to redirect the supply air volume flow, for example, via a bypass flap auszuleiten directly from the building.

Furthermore, the smoke protection pressure system preferably has a pressure relief opening which connects the safety space to the surroundings, wherein the control is preferably provided to additionally adjust the supply air volume flow in the safety space by means of the pressure relief opening. For this purpose, the pressure relief opening in particular a corresponding actuator. The pressure relief opening is designed for example in a building roof as a dome light or as a flapper fan. The pressure relief opening is preferably arranged at the highest point of the security space. But it is also conceivable to provide a turn or tilt window as a pressure relief opening. Further preferably, the smoke protection printing system on the possible fire room, or each apartment or office floor exhaust device, on the air, or the supply air, or flue gas is discharged into an environment of the building. If the exhaust air device is designed so that the exhaust air volume flow is variable, the controller is preferably adapted to reduce an exhaust air volume flow of the exhaust device before the completion of the closing of the door. The exhaust air device connected, for example, with the possible fire chamber influenced in the closing operation of the doors in particular the combustion chamber side pressure conditions and thus also affects the closing process of the door or the pressure difference between the two sides of the door. In this respect, it is advantageous to reduce the volume flow of an exhaust device, if such is provided and if an exhaust air volume flow is variable.

Especially in multi-storey buildings, the exhaust device often has a discharge shaft with at least one exhaust fan, wherein the discharge shaft is connected to the possible fire room, or with the residential or office units of the building via a flap. Otherwise, instead of a discharge shaft, outflow openings can also directly connect the possible fire compartment or the apartments or office units to the environment. The outflow openings are designed, for example, as closable flaps, wherein unlocking and / or opening of the flaps can take place by means of the control of the smoke protection pressure system. In that case, the controller is preferably configured to reduce an exhaust air volume flow of the exhaust device before completion of the closing operation of the door by the exhaust flap is closed and remains closed. As soon as the door is opened again, the outlet flap is opened again. Optionally, windows may be provided as outflow openings. If an exhaust duct with exhaust fan is provided, a preferred embodiment is that the controller has a frequency converter for setting a speed of the exhaust fan.

Another subject of the invention, which solves the problem described above, relates to a method for operating a smoke protection printing system for a building with at least one security room and the security room associated door. The smoke protection printing system is preferably the above-described smoke protection printing system according to the invention. All features described above in connection with the smoke protection printing system are mutatis mutandis applicable to the inventive method. Conversely, all features described below in connection with the method according to the invention are mutatis mutandis applicable to the smoke protection printing system.

When the smoke protection pressure system is activated in the event of a fire, outside air is conveyed into the safety space by means of a supply air device, so that pressure ventilation of the safety space takes place, wherein a supply air volume flow of the supply air device is set as a function of measured values of a sensor arrangement. The pressure ventilation serves to keep the smoke in the security room in case of fire. Furthermore, according to the invention is a Closing operation of the door assigned to the security room during the pressure ventilation detected on the basis of measured values of the sensor arrangement and the supply air volume flow is reduced before completion of the closing of the door. An advantage of the method for operating the smoke protection printing system is that after closing the door does not or to a lesser extent to build up pressure peaks in the security room. In addition, a heavy slamming of the door is prevented by the inventive method, since the pressure in the security room is already reduced before closing the door.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the closing operation of the door is detected by detecting and evaluating the measured values of the sensor arrangement, wherein a value comparison is carried out with typical values for a closing operation of the door during pressure-ventilating measurements.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, a pressure in the security space is measured by means of a first pressure sensor of the sensor arrangement. In particular, the closing operation of the door during pressure ventilation is detected on the basis of a development of the pressure values measured in the safety space by the first pressure sensor. Depending on a size of the security space, the sensor arrangement has one or more first pressure sensors. Preferably, the pressure in the security room is measured and processed as a reference pressure. For this purpose, the measured absolute pressure is set in relation to a reference pressure.

Particularly preferably, the pressure in the security room above the door is measured. In particular, the pressure is arranged above an uppermost door of the doors assigned to the security room, in particular in the area of a ceiling of the security room or at a height level between the uppermost door and the ceiling of the security room.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, a pressure in the possible fire area is measured by means of a second pressure sensor of the sensor arrangement. The closing process of the security room associated door is during the pressure aeration detected on the basis of the development of the pressure values measured by the second pressure sensor in the possible fire area. The detection of the door closing operation sometimes succeeds earlier by means of the second pressure sensors than via the first pressure sensors. It is therefore preferably provided to monitor both pressure profiles, in the safety room and in the possible fire area, in order to reduce the supply air volume flow as soon as a detection takes place either via the first pressure sensor or via the second pressure sensor.

Furthermore, the sensor arrangement preferably acquires measured values, wherein an interval between the acquisition of successive measured values is at most 250 milliseconds and preferably about 100 milliseconds.

In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the method, the measured values which typically characterize a closing operation of the door during pressure ventilation are determined empirically and stored as comparison values. The stored measured values can advantageously be compared with the current measurements of the measuring arrangement in order to detect a closing operation of the door on the basis of a corresponding similarity. The empirical determination can be made on the basis of models. Particularly preferably, the determination of the empirical values takes place during a trial operation of the smoke protection printing system in the building for which the smoke protection printing system is provided.

Another subject of the invention relates to a control device for a smoke protection printing system for a building with at least one security room and a door assigned to the security room, wherein the controller is configured to carry out the inventive method described above for operating a smoke protection printing system.

Another subject of the invention relates to a building with the smoke protection printing system according to the invention described herein.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. The statements relate equally to all subjects of the invention, are purely exemplary and do not limit the general inventive concept.

The only FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a building with an embodiment of a smoke protection printing system according to the invention.

The FIG. 1 1 shows a schematic representation of a building 1 with three floors 21, 22, 23 lying above a ground surface 20 and a basement 24. A staircase 25 forms a security room 4 with at least one door 5 assigned to the security room 4 Building 1 installed. This has an incoming air device 15 for supplying outside air into the security room 4, a sensor arrangement 11 and a controller 14 connected to the sensor arrangement 11, wherein the controller 14 is set up, depending on measured values of the sensor arrangement 11, a supply air volume flow in the security room 4 at least by means of the supply air device 15 set. On the respective floors of the building 1 a lock 26 between the security room 4 and a use unit 27 is arranged, wherein the use unit 27 includes, for example, offices or apartments. The lock 26 may be, for example, a corridor or entrance area of the respective use unit 27. The lock 26 may also be provided purely for fire protection reasons, without fulfilling an additional function as a usable space. The respective use unit 27 is connected to the associated lock 26 in each case via a door 5. Likewise, the respective lock 26 is connected to the security room 4 via a further door 5. Here, for the sake of clarity, only the two open doors 5 on the first floor 22 are provided with reference numerals, these being merely representative of each other door 5 shown closed. Basically, each room of the lock 26 or the use unit 27 is a possible fire room 3. In the illustrated embodiment, only the use unit 27 in the first floor 22 is provided as a possible fire room 3 with a reference numeral. Both shown in the embodiment, doors 5 in the first floor 22 are within the meaning of the invention the security room 4 associated doors. The door 5 between the lock chamber 26 and the security room 4 and the door 5 between the lock chamber 26 and the possible fire room 3 are open in the illustrated embodiment. The invention relates to a closing operation of a security space 4 within the meaning of the invention associated doors 5. Furthermore, the invention relates to the case that the smoke protection printing system in the building 1 is active. This is the case as soon as an activation via a fire alarm system, a manual override or a connected smoke detector (not shown) has taken place. In addition to the case of an actual fire or smoke in the building 1, for example in the possible fire room 3, the smoke protection system is also activated for the purpose of review, commissioning or acceptance. The security room 4 associated doors 5 in the context of the invention are independent of the possible fire room 3, so can also be located on one of the other floors of the building 1. The skilled artisan will recognize that with the door 5 closed between the lock chamber 26 and the security room 4, the further door 5 between the lock chamber 26 and the possible fire room 3 at least temporarily not as the security room 4 associated door would apply, since a closing operation of this door has no effect the supply air volume flow of the supply air device 15 would have. Thus, all the pictured doors 5, including the closed doors without reference numerals potentially the security room 4 associated with doors 5. Actually in the context of the invention the security room 4 is assigned a door, as soon as their closing operation has an influence on the supply air volume flow of the supply air device 15.

In the illustrated embodiment, the supply air device 15 consists of a fan 12, which promotes ambient air from outside the building 1 in the security room 4. The arrows P indicate the respective flow directions of the air in the various parts of the building 1 and outside the building. In the illustrated embodiment, the supply air device 15 on a shut-off device 18, which is, for example, a shutter flap 18 with an actuator M. The actuator M is controlled by the controller 14, which is represented by the dotted line connection. The shut-off device 18 can thus be opened and closed via the motor M by means of the controller 14. A grid or louver window 19 closes the building 1 to the outside, but allows the intake of outside air. The controller 14 controls, for example via a frequency converter 6, a speed of the fan 12. Furthermore, the controller 14 is connected to one or more of the previously mentioned, not shown here, tripping devices, such as smoke detectors, fire alarm or manual override. The sensor arrangement 11 has sensors 11a, 11b whose connection to the controller 14 is represented by a dashed line. At least one first pressure sensor 11a is located in the security space 4. Preferably, the pressure with the first pressure sensor 11a in the security space above the door 5 is measured. In particular, the first pressure sensor 11a is arranged above an uppermost door 5 in the second upper floor 23, for example in the area of a ceiling of the security room 4 or at a height level between the uppermost door 5 and the ceiling of the security room 4. Second pressure sensors 11b are located, for example, in the respective ones Usage units 27, wherein only the pressure sensor 11 b is provided in the possible fire compartment 3 with a reference numeral. A reference pressure line 11c provides the controller 14 with a reference pressure measured, for example, outside the building 1. The pressures of the first sensors 11a and second pressure sensors 11b measured in the building 1 are processed by the controller 14 as ratio values relative to the reference pressure 11c. In addition to the fan 12 and the servo motor M of the shut-off device 18, a further servomotor M of a dome light 16 is actuated by the controller 14. The light dome 16 shown in the embodiment serves as a pressure relief opening 16 and may alternatively be designed, for example, as a turn or tilt windows. Also conceivable are roof windows or flap ventilators installed in the roof.

The smoke protection printing system has in the illustrated embodiment, an exhaust device 10, which is connected to a discharge shaft 7. The discharge shaft 7 is connected to the respective use units 27 via a respective discharge flap 8. Via the outlet flap 8 possible flue gases from the possible fire chamber 3 and the supply air flow, which flows through the open doors 5 in the use unit 27, in the discharge chute 7. Each outlet flap 8 is signal technically connected to the controller 14, which is indicated by the dashed lines , As a result, the outflow flaps 8 are controllable via the controller 14, so they can be opened and closed. The discharge shaft 7 has in the roof area of the building 1 an outflow opening, which in turn is provided in the illustrated embodiment with a shut-off device 18. The outflow device 10 here also has an exhaust fan 9, which serves to compensate for flow resistance, such as the outflow flaps 8 in Abströmweg. Advantageously, the exhaust device 10 is controlled by the controller 14, which has a further frequency converter 17 for controlling the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 9 in the illustrated embodiment. About a further motor M, the shut-off device 18 is opened or closed by the controller. In principle, the building 1 can also be designed entirely without outflow shaft 7 and without outflow device 10. The function of the outflow opening take in the case directly into the environment of the building 1 leading outflow flaps 8 or, even easier, not shown here outside window of the use units 27. The controller 14 is executed in two parts in the illustrated embodiment. In principle, there is also the possibility of connecting the exhaust fan 9 and the servomotor M of the closure device 18 of the exhaust device 10 directly to the controller 14 shown in the basement 24. However, the two-part design has the advantage that the frequency converter 6 can be arranged in spatial proximity to the fan 9. The frequency converter 6, 14 are connected to the respective fans 9, 12 via shielded lines, which is necessary to comply with appropriate guidelines with regard to the electromagnetic compatibility, EMC. To move such a line through several fire sections of the building 1, would require from the point of view of fire protection technology to comply with regulations on the functional integrity of electrical cable systems. Lines which ensure both EMC shielding and functional integrity in case of fire are hardly available and therefore very expensive. The other signaling lines that connect the controller 14 with different devices are subject to lower requirements with respect to the EMC shielding and are therefore readily available with function preservation and executed as such. The controller 14 has signaling connections to the following devices: outflow flaps 8 on all floors, supply air fan 12 and servomotor M the shut-off device 18 of the supply air device 15, actuator M of the pressure relief port 16, exhaust fan 9 and servo motor M of the shut-off device 18 of the exhaust device 10, and first pressure sensors 11a, second pressure sensors 11b and reference pressure signal line 11c. All signaling connections are shown as dashed lines without reference numerals. On a representation of the redundancy, which is usually provided in fire protection systems, is omitted here for the sake of clarity.

Upon activation of the smoke protection printing system, the speed of the supply air fan 12 is raised and the pressure relief opening 16 is opened to flush out first possible flue gases from the security room 4 and dilute as much as possible. Subsequently, the pressure relief opening 16 is closed so far that builds up in the security room 4, an overpressure against the possible fire room 3, which ensures that the security room 4 remains smoke-free. In the illustrated embodiment, the doors 5 are opened between the security room 4 and the possible fire room 3 on the fire floor 22. When these doors 5 are opened, the supply air volume flow is divided and the pressure in the safety room 4 drops, so that the controller 14 increases the speed of the supply air fan 12. The pressure relief opening 16 usually remains in a predetermined position for the pressure ventilation. However, it would also be conceivable to close them further by means of a fast servomotor M. As indicated by the arrows P, a portion of the supply air volume flow generated by the supply air device 15 flows through the open doors 5, on the possible fire chamber 3 and the discharge flap 8 in the discharge chute 7. Will one of the open doors 5 shown in the embodiment again closed, the supply air device 15 must compensate for the pressure building up in the security room 4 back to the predetermined value, usually by the speed of the supply air fan 12 is reduced again and optionally the pressure relief opening 16 is opened further.

In the smoke protection printing system according to the invention, it is provided that the control 14 is designed such that a closing operation of one of the open doors 5 is detected, so that the construction of a pressure peak in the security room 4 is advantageously avoided or at least greatly reduced when one of the doors 5 is closed , Upon detection of the closing operation, the supply air volume flow of the supply air device 15 can be throttled at such an early stage that no excessive build-up of pressure in the security compartment 4 takes place at the time the door is closed. To In particular, the pressure readings of the first pressure sensors 11a in the security room 4 are continuously measured and the development of these pressure values is compared with stored patterns which are typical for the closing operation of a door 5 assigned to the security room 4. An interval between the detection of successive measured values is preferably at most 250 milliseconds, and particularly preferably about 100 milliseconds. As soon as the controller 14 detects a match of the developing pressure values of the first pressure sensor 11a with the stored pressure value profile for a closing door, the volume flow of the supply air device 15 is reduced early, thus preventing the build-up of a pressure peak when the door 5 is closed. In order to reduce the supply air volume flow, in particular the speed of the supply air fan 12 is reduced. It would also be conceivable to close the motor-driven closure device 18 for a short time, provided that it has a correspondingly fast actuator. In addition, it is possible, for example, to open the pressure relief opening 16, whereby a correspondingly faster actuator is also necessary here. The speed of the exhaust fan 9 is preferably also reduced, if one is installed. The speeds of both the supply air fan 12, and the exhaust fan 9 can be reduced within fractions of a second, so that the supply air flow rate is preferably reduced by the fan speeds. The typically a closing operation of the door 5 during the pressure aeration characterizing measured values are preferably determined empirically and entered as a parameter for a stored in the control unit 14 function in the control unit 14. The empirical determination of the pressure values can take place by means of a real or mathematical model and / or by measurements in the building 1.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

building

3

Possible fire room

4

security Zone

5

door

6

frequency converter

7

Abströmschacht

8th

Abströmklappe

9

exhaust fan

10

exhaust device

11

sensor arrangement

11a

First pressure sensor

11b

Second pressure sensor

11c

Reference pressure line

12

supply air fan

14

control

15

incoming air

16

Pressure relief opening

17

frequency converter

18

closure device

19

grid

20

ground

21

ground floor

22

Brand floor, first floor

23

Second story

24

basement

25

stairwell

26

lock

27

utilization unit

P

arrow

M

engine

Claims (15)

Smoke protection printing system for a building (1) having at least one security room (4) and at least one door (5) associated with the security room (4) - An inlet air device (15) for supplying outside air into the security room; a sensor arrangement (11); and a controller (14) connected to the sensor arrangement (11), the controller being set up to adjust a supply air volume flow in the safety space at least by means of the supply air device (15) as a function of measured values of the sensor arrangement; characterized,
in that the controller (14) is set up to detect a closing operation of the door (5) during pressure ventilation of the security room (4) on the basis of measured values of the sensor arrangement (11) and to reduce the supply air volume flow before the closing of the door. Smoke protection printing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device (11) has pressure sensors, wherein at least one first pressure sensor (11a) measures a pressure prevailing in the security space (4), the control (14) being set up to close the door ( 5) based on pressure measurements of the first pressure sensor (11a) to detect. Smoke protection printing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the first pressure sensor (11a) is arranged above the door (5). Smoke protection printing system according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the first pressure sensor (11a) above an uppermost door of the security space (4) associated doors (5) is arranged. Smoke protection printing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor device (11) comprises pressure sensors, wherein at least one second pressure sensor (11b) measures a pressure prevailing in a possible fire chamber (3), wherein the control (14) is set up, the closing operation of Door (5) based on pressure readings of the second pressure sensor (11b) to detect. Smoke protection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air device (15) has at least one fan (12), wherein the controller (14) comprises a frequency converter (6) for setting a speed of the fan. Smoke protection pressure installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure relief opening (16) connecting the safety space (4) to an environment is provided, wherein the control (14) is arranged to additionally control the supply air volume flow in the safety space by means of the pressure relief opening (16 ). Smoke protection pressure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a possible fire chamber (3) with an environment connecting exhaust device (10) is provided, wherein the controller (14) is set up, an exhaust air volume flow of the exhaust device (10) before completion of Closing of the door (5) to reduce. Smoke protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that the exhaust device (10) has a discharge shaft (7) with at least one exhaust fan (9), wherein the discharge shaft (7) with the fire chamber (3) via a flap (8) is connected. Method for operating a smoke protection pressure system for a building (1) with at least one security room (4), wherein upon activation of the smoke protection pressure system by means of a supply air device (15) outside air is conveyed into the security room (4), so that a pressure ventilation of the security room takes place, a supply air volume flow of the supply air device (15) is set by means of a control (14) as a function of measured values of a sensor arrangement (11),
characterized,
that a closing operation of a security space (4) associated with the door (5) during the pressurization by the controller (14) based on measured values of the sensor arrangement (11) is detected and the supply air volume flow is reduced before a completion of the closing operation of the door. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the closing operation of the door (5) is detected by the measured values of the sensor arrangement (11) are detected and evaluated, wherein a value comparison with typically a closing operation of the door (5) during the pressure aeration characterizing measured values performed becomes. Method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that a pressure in the security space (4) by means of at least one first pressure sensor (11a) of the sensor arrangement (11) is measured. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the pressure in the security space (4) above the door (5) is measured. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that by the sensor arrangement (11) measured values are detected, wherein an interval between the detection of successive measured values is at most 250 milliseconds and preferably about 100 milliseconds. Method according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the typically a closing operation of the door (5) during the pressure aeration characterizing measured values are empirically determined and entered as parameters for stored in the control unit (14) functions in the control unit.

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