EP1076211A2 - Device for keeping the emergency exits of a building smoke free - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a compact unit, especially a single housing, containing a fan unit (2) and a control unit (3) with an output for driving the fan unit. The control unit generates a control signal from an input signal indicating a fire to drive the fan to start feeding smoke-free air into the escape route. An Independent claim is also included for the use of several devices in a multi-storey building.

Description

The present invention relates to an arrangement for keeping smoke free of escape routes in buildings, especially internal ones Stairwells.

DE 297 16 474 U1 describes a device for stationary positive pressure ventilation of a building. The device consists of a High performance fan in front of an opening in the outer wall of a building is positioned, and the smoke-free fresh air in the event of fire Promotes opening in the outer wall into the interior of the building. It is also provided that the opening in the outer wall can be closed by means of slats make, the fins by the delivery pressure of the fan or by means of an actuating device which responds to a fire signal can. Finally, a ventilation device can be provided in the building be, so that through the pressure ventilation an air flow in to Ventilation provided rooms. In particular, the High-performance fan and the ventilation device via smoke sensors can be controlled.

Feuerwehr", Ausgabe 9/95, Seite 48 ff ist eine in ihrer Funktionsweise vergleichbare Überdrucklüftungsanlage beschrieben. Im Gegensatz zur vorgenannten Vorrichtung wird im Brandfall Frischluft über eine Rohrleitung ins Gebäudeinnere gefördert, in der oder an deren Ende ein Ventilator angeordnet ist. From the magazine

Feuerwehr ", edition 9/95, page 48 ff describes a pressure ventilation system that is comparable in terms of its function. In contrast to the aforementioned device, in the event of fire, fresh air is conveyed into the interior of the building via a pipe, in which or at the end of which a fan is arranged.

The underlying concept for smoke-free escape routes in Buildings, which is referred to below as positive pressure ventilation, has Excellent in practice and is already widely used. However the known devices have decisive disadvantages their installation in new buildings or their retrofitting in existing ones Built upon. With all previously known concepts, an opening in the Building outer wall can be created for the fresh air supply. In particular in the latter device, additional piping must be used for fresh air supply. The known ones also exist Devices from a variety of individual components, resulting in a high effort when reinstalling or retrofitting such devices leads. So must include space for a fan unit Pipelines and a control cabinet for the recording of the required Controls can be found. The large number of individual components required in addition, an increased effort when wiring such Contraption.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for Keep escape routes in buildings smoke-free, especially from inside Stairwells to indicate the disadvantages mentioned avoids, especially without increased construction measures in new buildings or to integrate existing buildings.

This problem is solved by a device for keeping smoke free from Escape routes in buildings containing the components listed below comprises in a compact device, preferably in a common Housing are integrated. The device comprises a fan unit, which has at least one fan, which is preferably encapsulated is. The fan unit is designed to allow smoke-free air into the escape route to promote, especially air from the surroundings of the building. Furthermore, the device comprises a control unit which has an input for a supply voltage, an input for a first signal line from a fire and / or smoke detector or a manual alarm button and an output for a first control line for the fan unit having. The control unit is intended to consist of one at the entrance the signal applied to the first signal line, which signals a fire, generate a control signal by means of which the fan unit is controlled via the first control line, so that smoke-free air in the Escape route is promoted. The first control line can also be complete run inside the compact device so that the output for the first Control line is not necessarily accessible from outside the compact device have to be.

The device according to the invention represents a minimal configuration that smoke-free escape routes in buildings, especially internal ones Stairways, safe in case of fire by means of positive pressure ventilation prevented. The integration of fan unit and control unit in one Compact device, preferably in a common housing, creates the conditions for simple and error-free installation. Because of the chosen The wiring is ready for connection after installation of the Device by connecting a supply voltage and by connecting a corresponding signal line from a fire alarm device such as fire or smoke detectors or manual alarm buttons on the dedicated input for a first signal line.

In a particularly preferred development of the device according to the invention the compact device has a mounting frame that allows mounting of the compact device in the frame of windows, skylights or doors preferably standardized size allows. In this way, the Installation of the device according to the invention without major structural changes on the building simply by exchanging a window or skylight respectively. The compact device is designed so that with such Assembly automatically promotes smoke-free air from the environment of the building in the escape route using the fan unit is. In this way, the cost of equipping buildings can be minimized with a device according to the invention.

A further improvement of the device according to the invention results if the control unit of the compact device has an output for a second Control line, which for controlling a variable outflow opening is provided. The control unit is set up to consist of one signal present at the input of the first signal line, which is a Fire signals that a control signal is generated by means of which a variable outflow opening is controlled via the second control line.

There are particular advantages if the variable outflow opening in this way is controlled that there is a preset flow resistance the outflow opening. In particular, such a preset Flow resistance have been determined in preliminary tests, the default Flow resistance was determined in such a way that an optimal Overpressure ventilation of the escape route results. The overall installation from compact device and discharge opening to the structural conditions of the escape route. In particular, the Flow resistance to be set from the delivery rate of the fan unit depend on the compact device.

Depending on the outflow opening used, it can also be advantageous if the control signal a complete opening of the outflow opening, d. H. a minimization of the flow resistance of the outflow opening.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the compact device has one Input for a second signal line for signals from one in the escape route arranged pressure sensor. The control unit is modified so that that it is set up to provide a control signal for the outflow opening to generate a change in the flow resistance of the Outflow opening in such a way that a preset pressure value is set in the escape route.

Particular advantages result if the control unit of the compact device is designed to do so in the main claim of the patent application Arrangement for setting a pressure difference "by the same applicant from the same day. The control unit of the arrangement for setting a pressure difference is now integrated in the control unit of the compact device. In particular, the methods specified in subclaims 2 and 3 of the parallel patent application are used for the determination Both methods can advantageously be carried out by the control unit of the compact device. Subclaim 2 claims to use the pressure in the escape route averaged over a time interval of the duration τ1 as reference pressure. In the escape route, the compact device and the variable outflow opening generates a preset pressure that is above the reference pressure, which means that a sufficient but controlled excess pressure in the escape route can be ensured with great certainty.

A comparable effect can be achieved if in addition to the pressure sensor Another pressure sensor in the escape route in the vicinity of the building is arranged which detects the ambient pressure. The ambient pressure is used as a reference print. A particular simplification can be made at this Spot can be achieved by using a differential pressure sensor instead of two Pressure sensor for the pressure in the escape route and the ambient pressure is used.

Furthermore, a pre-set pressure in the escape route can be achieved using the compact device can be set when the control unit of the compact device is designed to control the delivery rate of the fan unit, for example via a speed control.

Also by such a variation in the delivery rate of the fan unit it can be ensured that one determined as optimal in preliminary tests preset overpressure is achieved in the escape route. Of course can also both the flow resistance of the outflow opening and the delivery rate of the fan unit can be varied at the same time.

To be particularly flexible to the different requirements when using a device according to the invention in different buildings being able to react, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the compact device is expanded by additional fan units can be. This can preferably be done by simply flanging on further ones Fan units take place on the compact device, whereby special There are advantages if the compact device and the additional fan unit are designed so that the mechanical connection of Compact device and additional fan unit automatically an electrical Contact between the output for a first control line of the control unit and the corresponding input of the additional fan unit results.

1. die Drehzahlen aller Ventilatoreinheiten werden synchron von der Steuereinheit variiert,

2. die Ventilatoreinheiten laufen mit fester Drehzahl, vorzugsweise bei optimalem Wirkungsgrad, die Fördermenge wird von der Steuereinheit durch Zuschalten oder Abschalten einzelner Ventilatoreinheiten variiert.

In the case of a compact device which has already been expanded to include additional fan units, either all the fan units can be controlled synchronously by the control unit via a first control line, this being preferably carried out in terms of switching technology so that the failure of one fan unit does not lead to the failure of all other fan units, or all fan units can be controlled individually by the control unit via individual first control lines, which are connected to the outputs of the control unit provided for this purpose. This results in two options in particular for varying the fresh air flow rate of the fan units by means of the control unit:

1. the speeds of all fan units are varied synchronously by the control unit,

2. The fan units run at a fixed speed, preferably with optimal efficiency, the delivery rate is varied by the control unit by switching on or off individual fan units.

Of course, the two methods mentioned can be combined with one another as desired be combined.

Further advantages arise when the compact device has an emergency power supply comprises, which supplies at least the control unit. If so Emergency generators with a sufficiently compact design and sufficient Power is available that also supplies the fan unit such an emergency power supply can be taken for granted supply both the control unit and the fan unit of the compact device.

To ensure a safe build-up of overpressure in the escape route, the control unit of the compact device can be further developed that a further output is provided for a fourth control line, can be controlled via the automatic door closer. Such Door closers are preferably attached to doors leading to the escape route to lead. In the event of a fire, the control unit controls the door closer in such a way that it closes the door leading to the escape route. there can the automatic door closer, preferably as a freewheel door closer be executed, d. H. as a door closer which has no or only in normal operation exerts a small force on the door, but in the event of fire, the door with a large one Power closes.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the control unit has another Output for a fifth control line for a door actuator, which controlled by the control unit a door in the escape route in the Fire opens or closes.

The compact device can be equipped with an internal signal transmitter for warning purposes be equipped, which in the event of fire from the control unit via a third Control line controlled and for transmission, for example, acoustic or visual warning signals. Alternatively or in addition can a connection for an external signal transmitter can also be provided.

The possible uses of the device according to the invention are still possible be expanded if an operating state is set on the control unit can be used for the ventilation of escape routes outside in the event of a fire. Such an operating state is due to a fresh air supply by means of the fan unit and / or by ventilation characterized a controlled open discharge opening. Advantageously is ensured in such an operating state that the resulting Pressure increase in the escape route remains below 5 Pa, preferably below 1 Pa. This ensures that doors leading to the escape route opened and thus opened against the excess pressure in the escape route must be easy, even by small or light people can be opened.

Fig. 1:

eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung, die modular um zwei weitere Ventilatoreinheiten erweitert ist, wobei alle drei Ventilatoreinheiten über eine gemeinsame erste Steuerleitung synchron angesteuert werden,

Fig. 2:

wie vor, wobei die einzelnen Ventilatoreinheiten separat über einzelne erste Steuerleitungen mit der Steuereinheit verbunden sind und individuell angesteuert werden können,

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Kompaktgeräts, wobei die Steuereinheit neben den aus Figur 1 ersichtlichen Anschlüssen einen weiteren Anschluss für einen Druckmesser aufweist, und

Fig. 4:

wie vor, wobei die Steuerungseinheit neben den aus Figur 3 ersichtlichen Anschlüssen einen weiteren Anschluss für die Stellvorrichtung einer variablen Abströmöffnung aufweist.

Fig. 5:

eine schematischen Darstellung der Verwendung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zur Rauchfreihaltung eines Rettungswegs in einem mehrgeschossigen Gebäude.

Further features and advantages of the device according to the invention result from the subclaims and from the exemplary embodiments which now follow, which are not to be understood as restrictive and which are explained with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Fig. 1:

1 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention, which is modularly expanded by two further fan units, with all three fan units being controlled synchronously via a common first control line,

Fig. 2:

as before, the individual fan units being connected separately to the control unit via individual first control lines and being able to be controlled individually,

Fig. 3:

2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a compact device according to the invention, the control unit having, in addition to the connections shown in FIG. 1, a further connection for a pressure meter, and

Fig. 4:

as before, the control unit having, in addition to the connections shown in FIG. 3, a further connection for the actuating device of a variable outflow opening.

Fig. 5:

is a schematic representation of the use of an inventive device for smoke-free escape route in a multi-storey building.

Figure 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of the inventive Contraption. A fan unit 2 and a control unit 3 are shown in FIG a common housing 1 connected to a compact device. The fan unit 2 has an input 22 for a first control line 332 on. The control unit 3 has an input for a voltage supply 31 and a first signal input 321 for a fire or Smoke detector 41 and a further first signal input 321 for one manual alarm button 42 on. Both the detector 41 and the alarm button 42 are connected to the corresponding ones via separate first control lines 322 first signal inputs 321 connected. In a basic version can either one of the first two signal inputs 321 for a first Signal line 322 is omitted.

In this embodiment, the control unit 3 is set up to consist of a Signal which is present at a first signal input 321 and which signals a fire or alarm, a control signal in this way generate that over a first control line 332 at the first control output 331 connected fan unit 2 begins to convey air.

The device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is preferred in a low-lying area of an escape route in a building mounted in such a way that the fan unit 2 is smoke-free as efficiently as possible Deliver fresh air from the surroundings of the building to the escape route can. For this purpose, the fan unit 2 can be in the immediate vicinity, for example of a wall opening.

Particular advantages result when the housing 1 of the invention Device for mounting in the framework of a skylight, window or a door, preferably of a standardized size, is provided. In particular For this purpose, suitable mounting rails 11 can be attached to the housing 1 be provided so that the compact device completely instead of a window can be used in an existing window frame. In this way there is no additional wall opening for the fan unit 2 required, whereby the assembly of a compact device according to the invention is drastically simplified. In particular, this is a Existing buildings can be retrofitted particularly easily.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the delivery rate is preferred of the compact device by varying the number of modular gate units 2 adapted to the structural conditions of the escape route.

A device according to the invention can be seen from FIG corresponds to Figure 1. In contrast to Figure 1, however the multiple fan units 2 do not have a common first Control line 332 controlled synchronously, but via individual first Control lines 332 individually controlled.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is based on the device shown in FIG. 1. From Figure 3 visible device additionally has a second signal input 341 for a second signal line 342, which is supplied by a pressure sensor 6 originates, and a second control output 351 for a second control line 352, which leads to an actuating device 51 of a variable outflow opening 5 leads on. In this embodiment, the control unit 3 is set up to with the alarm signal present at the first signal input 321 on the first Control output 331 a signal to control the fan unit 2 generate, as well as a signal for the steep device at the second control output 351 51 to generate the variable outflow opening 5 in such a way that the adjusting device 51 the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 sets a preset value. In particular, it is also advantageous here if the delivery rate of the fan unit / units 2 and the preset Value of the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 to the structural Escape route conditions can be adjusted.

FIG. 4 shows an extension of the inventive device known from FIG. 3 Device which additionally has a second signal input 341 for a has second signal line 342, which for connecting a pressure sensor 6 is provided. A first pressure sensor 61 is preferably in the escape route arranged and serves a controlled pressure in the escape route by regulating the flow resistance of the variable outflow opening 5 and / or the delivery rate of the fan units 2. This control task is carried out by the control unit 3. In a particularly preferred development, the control unit 3 is for this set up, the current pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 61 in the escape route with a reference value and compare the difference between the measured pressure in the escape route and the reference value to regulate a preset target difference. This regulation can on the one hand by regulating the delivery capacity of the fan unit 2 and on the other hand by varying the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5. A combination of both control parameters is also conceivable.

Figure 5 shows the use of an inventive device for positive pressure ventilation of a stairwell in a multi-storey building. The inventive device is by means of mounting rails 11 in the Skylight of the outer door of the stairwell of the housing, which as Escape route serves, assembled. The control unit 3 is via a first signal line 322 with a fire and / or smoke detector 41 and a manual Alarm button 42 connected, both in the area of the escape route are arranged. Furthermore, the escape route points in its upper area a variable outflow opening 5, which in this embodiment in the roof of the building is integrated. The actuator 51 of the variable Outflow opening 5 is connected to the second one via a second control line 352 Control output 351 of the control unit 3 of the compact device connected. Farther is a first pressure sensor in the immediate vicinity of the outflow opening 5 61 arranged within the escape route, via a second signal line 342 with the second signal input 341 of the control unit 3 of the Compact device is connected. An alarm signal goes over a first signal line 322 control unit 3 controls fan unit 2 in this way that the fan unit 2 smokeless fresh air from the environment of the building in the escape route, d. H. in the stairwell. At the same time the control unit 3 controls the adjusting device 51 of the variable outflow opening 5 via the second control line 352 such that an in Preliminary tests determined flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 achieved becomes. The combination of the delivery capacity of the fan unit is advantageous 2 and flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 in such a way the structural conditions in the escape route matched the optimal Conditions for positive pressure ventilation in relation to that through the escape route flowing air quantity per time, their flow velocity as well as the resulting overpressure in the escape route.

In the embodiment shown, the device according to the invention holds one constant overpressure in the stairwell. This is done by using the first pressure sensor 61 the pressure conditions in the stairwell with a Reference value are compared and the delivery rate of the fan unit 2 and / or the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 is regulated in this way that the difference between that measured in the stairwell Pressure and the reference pressure as close as possible to a preset Differential pressure. This target differential pressure is chosen so that there is an overpressure in the stairwell, the value of which is preferably between 15 Pa and 35 Pa, in particular between 10 Pa and 50 Pa. As The reference value can be obtained using a second pressure sensor 62 (not shown) determined pressure in the vicinity of the building, where at this point, a differential pressure sensor 63 (not shown) is advantageous instead two separate pressure sensors 61 and 62 for measuring the Pressure in the stairwell and the measurement of the pressure in the vicinity of the Building is used.

As an alternative to this, the above can be used as the reference pressure as already described an interval of duration τ1 averaged pressure in the stairwell was used the interval before the fire should occur. This Pressure in the stairwell averaged over a period of time before the fire corresponds with good accuracy to the pressure in the vicinity of the building. In this way, a second pressure sensor 62 for measuring the External pressure can be saved.

For escape routes with a long length, for example stairways in high Buildings can advantageously have a plurality of devices according to the invention be used. This plurality is according to the invention Devices essentially along the entire length of the escape route distributed, so that in the event of fire smoke-free fresh air at several Places at the same time in the escape route is promoted, the arrangement is advantageously chosen so that it is as homogeneous as possible Pressure distribution in the escape route results. For example, in one thirty-storey building all five floors devices according to the invention to be ordered.

At this point it is once again explicitly referred to the two patent applications by the same applicant from the same day Arrangement for setting a pressure difference "and Self-regulating outflow opening ", the disclosure content of which is expressly made the disclosure content of this patent application. In particular, the features of the devices and methods disclosed in these two patent applications are made the subject of the present application.

In particular, a device for keeping escape routes smoke-free according to the present invention in an advantageous manner with an arrangement for setting a pressure difference, such as that mentioned Patent application of the same applicant from the same day is known an overall arrangement for smoke-free escape routes in buildings can be combined using positive pressure ventilation. In such an overall arrangement additional inputs and outputs for signal and Control lines of pressure sensors and control devices of the outflow opening on the control unit of the device according to the invention, whereby the installation of such an overall arrangement is further simplified.

A further significant increase in operational security can be achieved be, if the inventive device for smoke control of Escape routes in buildings with a self-opening discharge opening is combined, as it further registration of the same applicant from same day is known. For use of the self-adjusting outflow opening in combination with the inventive device for Smoke-free escape routes in buildings will be self-regulating Outflow opening 5 configured such that in the event of a failure of the Power supply to the self-regulating discharge opening or a control signal on the second control line 352 to the self-adjusting outflow opening 5, the adjusting device 51 of the outflow opening 5, the flow resistance the outflow opening 5 is automatically reduced. In this way, a safe function of the overall arrangement for smoke-free escape routes in buildings by means of positive pressure ventilation even if the Mains supply or in the event of destruction of an otherwise conventional control line between Outflow opening and control unit are guaranteed.

reference numeral

1

casing

11

Mounting frame

12th

Mounting rails

2nd

Fan unit

21

fan

22

entrance

3rd

Control unit

31

Input supply voltage

321

First signal input

322

First signal line

331

First control exit

332

First control line

341

Second signal input

342

Second signal line

351

Second control output

352

Second control line

361

Third control output

362

Third control line

371

Fourth control output

372

Fourth control line

381

Fifth control output

4th

Alarm detector

41

Fire / smoke sensor

42

Manual alarm button

5

Discharge opening

51

Actuator

6

Pressure sensor

61

First pressure sensor

62

Second pressure sensor

63

Differential pressure sensor

7

Emergency power supply

8th

Automatic door closer

9

Automatic door lock

10th

Signal generator

101

internal signal generator

102

external signal generator

Claims (14)

Device for keeping escape routes in buildings smoke-free, in particular for internal staircases, which comprises the following components which are integrated in a compact device, preferably in a common housing (1): A fan unit (2) which has at least one preferably encapsulated fan (21), the fan unit (2) being intended to convey smoke-free air, preferably from the surroundings of a building, into an escape route of the building, A control unit (3) which has an input (31) for a supply voltage, a first signal input (312) for a first signal line (322) from an alarm detector (4) such as a fire and / or smoke detector (41) or a manual alarm button (42) and a first control output (331) for a first control line (332) for controlling the fan unit (2), the control unit (3) being set up from a signal present at the first signal input (312) which indicates a fire signals to generate a control signal by means of which the fan unit (2) is controlled via the first control line (332) in such a way that it begins to deliver smoke-free air into the escape route. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Compact device a mounting frame (11) or mounting rails (12) having an assembly of the compact device in the frame preferably standardized size, for example of windows, skylights or Doors. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Control unit (3) a second control output (351) for a second Control line (352) for a variable outflow opening (5) with preferably electrical actuator (51), and the control unit (3) is set up from a contact at the first signal input (321) Signal that signals a fire, a control signal to generate, by means of which a variable outflow opening (5) the second control line (352) is activated, in particular a preset one Flow resistance of the outflow opening (5) set becomes. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the Control unit (3) has a second signal input (341) for a second signal line (342) from a pressure sensor (6), in particular from a first pressure sensor (61) arranged in the escape route, preferably by a differential pressure sensor (63), and is set up to in the event of fire, the variable outflow opening (5) via the second control line (352) to be controlled such that by varying the flow resistance the outlet opening (5) has a preset pressure, especially overpressure, is achieved in the escape route. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Control unit (3) has a second signal input (341) for a second signal line (342) from a pressure sensor (6), in particular from a first pressure sensor (61) arranged in the escape route, preferably by a differential pressure sensor (63), and is set up to in the event of fire, control the fan unit (2) in such a way that a preset one by varying the delivery rate of the fan unit (2) Pressure, especially overpressure in the escape route is achieved. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Compact unit expanded by additional fan units (2) can be such that when the compact device is expanded by another fan unit (2) automatically with or with a first control output (331) is connected. Device according to claim 6, such that the fan units (2) either synchronously with a via a first control line (332) first control output (331) of the control unit (3) or individually controlled via individual first control lines (332) which are connected to individual first control outputs (331) are. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Compact device has an emergency power supply (7) at least for the control unit (3). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Control unit (3) a fourth control output (371) for a fourth control line (372) to an automatic door closer (8), preferably to a free-wheel door closer, and is set up in In the event of a fire, actuate the door closer (8) in such a way that this one closes the door leading to the escape route. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Compact device an internal, for example acoustic or optical Signal generator (101) and that the control unit (3) is set up, in the event of fire, the internal signal generator (101) to control that this generates an alarm signal. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Compact device has a third control output (361) for a third control line (362) for an external, for example optical or acoustic Signal generator (102) and the control unit (3) set up for this is a control signal for the external signal transmitter in the event of a fire (102) in such a way that it generates an alarm signal. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at the Control unit (3) an operating state can be set, which for Ventilation of escape routes outside of fire serves and in particular by supplying fresh air by means of the fan unit (2) and / or by venting through a controlled open Outflow opening (5) is characterized, the resulting Pressure increase in the escape route below 5 Pa, preferably below 1 Pa is. Use of a device according to claim 1 for keeping smoke free an escape route, characterized in that the device is installed in such a way that the fan unit (2) in the event of a fire smokeless fresh air from the environment in the escape route, preferably at a low point, and can promote the control unit (3) with a power supply and an alarm detector (4) such as one Fire and / or smoke detector (41) and / or manual alarm button (42) is connected via a first signal line (322). Use of several devices according to claim 1 for keeping smoke free an escape route in a multi-storey building, characterized in that the devices are assembled in such a way be that the fan units (2) smoke-free fresh air from the Environment in the escape route can promote and the control units (3) with a power supply and an alarm detector (4) such as one Fire and / or smoke detector (41) and / or manual alarm button (42) are each connected via a first signal line (322), the devices being arranged so that the smoke-free air in the Fire in several places on the escape route, which essentially are evenly distributed over the length of the escape route, in the Escape route is promoted, so that there is a gives essentially homogeneous pressure distribution.

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