EP0062263B1 - Ventilator for supplying or exhausting air - Google Patents

Ventilator for supplying or exhausting air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062263B1
EP0062263B1 EP82102581A EP82102581A EP0062263B1 EP 0062263 B1 EP0062263 B1 EP 0062263B1 EP 82102581 A EP82102581 A EP 82102581A EP 82102581 A EP82102581 A EP 82102581A EP 0062263 B1 EP0062263 B1 EP 0062263B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
control unit
ventilation apparatus
fan
ventilation
air
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EP82102581A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0062263A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Nowicki
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Nowicki Karl-Heinz
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Nowicki Karl-Heinz
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Application filed by Nowicki Karl-Heinz filed Critical Nowicki Karl-Heinz
Priority to AT82102581T priority Critical patent/ATE17165T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
    • F24F2130/30—Artificial light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation device for the supply or removal of air into or from preferably forced-ventilated, windowless rooms, with a controlled fan.
  • the invention also relates to a ventilation device for windowless rooms, which has a ventilation flap that can be controlled by a control unit.
  • a controlled fan serving to ventilate interior rooms, such as bathrooms or toilets, is known and can therefore be intended in particular for windowless rooms.
  • CH-A-612 260 serving to ventilate interior rooms, such as bathrooms or toilets, is known and can therefore be intended in particular for windowless rooms.
  • this run-on relay does not serve to switch it on and to switch on the fan, since it only serves to delay the switch-off of the ventilation mode, so that even after leaving the room in question, it can be vented for the period of time determined by the run-on time of the run-on relay and only then shut down the fan .
  • a temperature-sensitive threshold switch is also known, which is used to switch on and off a cooling water cooling fan depending on the cooling water temperature of a motor vehicle.
  • a light-sensitive threshold switch is also described without reference to a fan, which has a certain type. However, there is no indication of any area of application for this light-sensitive threshold switch.
  • the invention has for its object to design a ventilation device of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 or claim 2 so that a quick and easy installation with the least possible electrical installation work is possible.
  • a ventilation device for the supply or removal of air into or from preferably forced-ventilated, windowless rooms with a controlled fan in that the fan is controlled by a photoelectric control unit arranged in or on the fan housing, which is arranged responsive to the light of the room lighting of the windowless room.
  • the solution according to the invention provides for the above object that the control unit is a photoelectric control unit which is arranged in or on the housing of the ventilation flap and which operates on the Light the room lighting of the windowless room is arranged responsive.
  • This ventilation flap is opened to ventilate or vent the windowless room in question, which takes place by means of the photoelectric control unit arranged on its housing whenever the light of the room lighting is switched on when entering the room.
  • Such ventilation devices consisting only of ventilation flaps are often, for example, often arranged on or in passages leading from the rooms in question into a central ventilation duct, it being possible for a roof fan or the like to be connected to the central ventilation duct.
  • the ventilation device has a fan, this can be assigned a ventilation flap, which can also be controlled by the control unit.
  • the invention limits the electrical connection of the concern in new buildings the ventilation unit for easy connection to the electrical network, for example to junction boxes or to junction boxes.
  • Other installation work e.g. B. external wiring in switch boxes on the light switch and additional switch boxes for accommodating adjustable follow-up relays are not required. Transmission errors between the architect, electrician and ventilation company are also avoided. The situation regarding complaints and guarantee cases is considerably simplified. All legal and ventilation requirements can also be easily met.
  • the electrical supply line to the ventilation unit therefore no longer has to be routed via a switch arranged at a distance from the ventilation unit, in particular no longer via the switch of the room lighting, so that the voltage supply is directly from the next junction box, the next junction box or the like directly to the ventilation unit can be relocated. This also makes retrofitting the ventilation unit easier, since then the damage to walls, tiles and wallpaper previously unavoidable when retrofitted is kept as low as possible or completely avoided.
  • a preferred field of application of the invention is the ventilation of sanitary rooms, such as toilets, bathrooms or the like, which require a ventilation device to ventilate the room.
  • this ventilation device is then automatically switched on by its light in the wake of the room lighting being switched on and automatically switched off again by switching off this room lighting in the wake of the light being extinguished.
  • the ventilation unit can be switched off directly in the wake of the room lighting or, according to a further development of the invention, it can also be provided that the control unit also controls a circuit arrangement for extending the respective operating time, which is preferably integrated into it.
  • the extension of the operating time can be, for example, 5 to 20 minutes.
  • the ventilation device has a ventilation flap
  • this can preferably be a pivoting flap having a closure flap, since this further simplifies the installation work at the installation site due to its short overall length.
  • the design of the ventilation device according to claim 9 is particularly advantageous, since the arrangement of the control unit behind a transparent housing wall section of the housing means that the latter is arranged in a particularly well-protected manner and the external dimensions of the housing are not enlarged.
  • the measure according to claim 11, according to which the control unit forms a complete device, has the advantage of being easy to assemble with the ventilation device.
  • the ventilation device forms a compact device together with the control unit and thus together with all the necessary switching devices for the ventilation device.
  • a ventilation device is shown in simplified form, in which a fan 1 is housed in a housing 2.
  • the housing 2 is designed here for the wall structure, but it can also be designed as a section of a pipe or as a built-in housing, which can be partially “plastered”.
  • a photoelectric control unit 3 is arranged on the housing 2, the photosensitive sensor (sensor) of which faces the light source (lamp) of the room to be ventilated and is used to switch the fan 1 on and off.
  • control unit can have a circuit breaker controlled by its photosensitive sensor, which switches on the fan in the wake of the lighting of the room lighting and, when the room lighting is switched off, is switched off again by means of the photosensitive sensor due to the darkness again entering the room.
  • the fan can also be switched off with a time delay, i. H. with follow-up time.
  • a time delay i. H. with follow-up time.
  • FIG. 2 An embodiment of a circuit arrangement suitable for this is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the fan motor 14 is connected to a mains line with the phase connections 11, 12 and the protective conductor 13.
  • the drive 14 can be switched on by a circuit breaker 15.
  • the circuit breaker 15 is part of a circuit arrangement 16.
  • the circuit arrangement 16 is also fed from the network.
  • the power supply of the circuit arrangement 16 is ensured by a power supply unit with the rectifier 17.
  • the circuit arrangement 16 comprises a photoelectric switch 18, which contains a light-sensitive input stage, preferably a photodiode 19, and an output switch 21, preferably a switching transistor.
  • An integrating stage 22 is connected to the output switch 21, which in the simplest case is realized by connecting a resistor 23 and a capacitor 24 in parallel.
  • a threshold value stage 25 is expediently located parallel to the integrating stage 22. It is expedient to hit the input resistance of the threshold value stage 25 as high as possible, for example with the aid of a field effect transistor. With the output of threshold level 25 is the input the circuit breaker 15 connected.
  • the circuit breaker 15 itself comprises, for example, a relay 26 and a make contact 27.
  • the relay 26 and the make contact 27 can of course be replaced by a power transistor or a thyristor.
  • FIG. 3 shows an advantageous construction of the ventilation device with the circuit arrangement 16 of the control unit 3.
  • Both the drive 14 and the circuit arrangement 16 are installed in the housing 28 of the fan 30.
  • the housing 28 is partially made of a translucent material. The light that is then still sufficiently incident through the wall of the housing 28 controls the photodiode 19 of the circuit arrangement 16. As a result, the circuit arrangement 16 is very well protected against damaging environmental influences.
  • the photodiode 19 is excited by its light when the room lighting is switched on and closes the output switch 21.
  • the relay 26 in the circuit breaker 15 is activated via the threshold switch 25.
  • the relay 26 picks up and closes the switch 27.
  • the motor 14 serving as the drive starts. This state remains as long as the room lighting is switched on. If the room lighting goes out again, the photodiode 19 is de-energized and the output switch 21 is thereby opened.
  • the capacitor 24, which was previously charged when the output switch 21 was closed can discharge only very slowly, specifically via the resistor 23 connected in parallel.
  • the discharge time can be determined with the value of the resistor 23 and the capacitance of the capacitor 24. Because the capacitor 24 discharges very slowly, the relay 26 - via the threshold switch 25 - is supplied with sufficient control power for a certain time, so the relay 26 remains energized and the switch 27 is closed, so the motor 14 continues to run.
  • the threshold switch 25 is therefore useful in order to create clear control conditions for the relay 26. If the potential at the capacitor 24 has dropped below a minimum value, the threshold switch 25 switches over, the relay 26 drops out, the switch 27 is opened, and the motor 14 comes to a standstill.
  • the voltage of the RC element 23, 24 forming an integrating stage 22 is reduced in order to achieve the lag time.
  • Other designs of the integration stage are also possible, for example as a Miller integrator.
  • the lag time can be set differently with it.
  • Ventilation devices to which the invention relates, are in particular those in wall mounting or wall mounting, so z.
  • the photosensitive sensor can be of any suitable type, for example a photo resistor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

1. A ventilation apparatus for the supply and removal of air into and out of preferably forcibly ventilated, windowless rooms, with a controlled fan, characterized in that the fan is controlled by a photoelectric control unit (3) which is disposed in or on the fan casing (2) and which is arranged so as to respond to the light of the room illumination of the windowless room.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Lüftungsgerät für die Zu- bzw. Abführung von Luft in bzw. aus vorzugsweise zwangsbelüfteten, fensterlosen Räumen, mit einem gesteuerten Ventilator.The invention relates to a ventilation device for the supply or removal of air into or from preferably forced-ventilated, windowless rooms, with a controlled fan.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auch auf ein Lüftunggerät für fensterlose Räume, welches eine durch eine Steuerungseinheit steuerbare Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe aufweist.The invention also relates to a ventilation device for windowless rooms, which has a ventilation flap that can be controlled by a control unit.

Es ist ein der Entlüftung innenliegender Räume, wie Bäder oder Toiletten, dienender gesteuerter Ventilator bekannt (CH-A-612 260), der also insbesondere für fensterlose Räume bestimmt sein kann. Von den der Steuerung zum Ein- und Ausschalten dieses Ventilators dienenden Steuerungsmitteln ist in dieser Druckschrift nur ein Nachlaufrelais dargestellt, welches am Ventilator oder an dessen Halterung angeordnet ist. Dieses Nachlaufrelais dient jedoch nicht seinem eigenen Einschalten und dem Einschalten des Ventilators, da es lediglich der Zeitverzögerung des Ausschaltens des Entlüftungsbetriebes dient, um auch nach Verlassen des betreffenden Raumes diesen noch die durch die Nachlaufzeit des Nachlaufrelais bestimmte Zeitdauer zu entlüften und erst dann den Ventilator stillzusetzen. Bei derartigen der Entlüftung innenliegender Räume, insbesondere fensterloser Räume, dienenden Ventilatoren war es allgemein üblich, den Ventilator über einen von ihm räumlich getrennten Schalter ein- oder auszuschalten. Da bei jeder Benutzung des innenliegenden Raumes der Lichtschalter zur Raumbeleuchtung einzuschalten ist, war es üblich, den Motor des Ventilators an durch den Lichtschalter mit gebildete oder durch diesen mit betätigte Schaltkontakte zu seinem Einschalten beim Betreten des Raumes und zum Einschalten des ihn dann wieder ausschaltenden Nachlaufrelais beim Verlassen des Raumes anzuschließen. Dies macht jedoch zusätzlich Verdrahtungen zwischen dem Lichtschalter und dem in der Regel weit entfernt von ihm angeordneten Ventilator erforderlich, was die Installationsarbeiten beim Einbau des Ventilators erheblich verteuerte. Daran ändert auch nichts die erwähtne Anordnung des Nachlaufrelais am Ventilator oder an dessen Halterung, da hierdurch die Verlegung einer dem Einschalten des Ventilators und dem seinem Ausschalten dienenden Einschalten des Nachlaufrelais dienende Verdrahtung nicht eingespart wird. Die Anordnung des Nachlaufrelais am Ventilator bzw. seiner Halterung spart hierbei insgesamt überhaupt keine Verdrahtung ein, sondern macht sogar zusätzliche Verdrahtung erforderlich. Denn wenn man das Nachlaufrelais an dem Einbauort des betreffenden Lichtschalters einbaut, wie es im allgemeinen üblich war, kann man es mit diesem Lichtschalter zusammenbauen, ohne daß hierdurch zusätzliche Verdrahtung zum Ventilator entsteht. Wenn dagegen das Nachlaufrelais gemäß der CH-A-612 260 am Ventilator oder dessen Halterung angeordnet wird, muß vom Lichtschalter zum Nachlaufrelais noch mindestens eine zusätzliche Ader verlegt werden. Und zwar muß das Nachlaufrelais die Zufuhr von Speisestrom zum Ventilatormotor während der Nachlaufzeit aufrecht erhalten, was die Schaltung bei räumlicher Trennung des Lichtschalters und des Nachlaufrelais kompliziert.A controlled fan (CH-A-612 260) serving to ventilate interior rooms, such as bathrooms or toilets, is known and can therefore be intended in particular for windowless rooms. Of the control means used to control this fan on and off, only one run-on relay is shown in this document, which is arranged on the fan or on its holder. However, this run-on relay does not serve to switch it on and to switch on the fan, since it only serves to delay the switch-off of the ventilation mode, so that even after leaving the room in question, it can be vented for the period of time determined by the run-on time of the run-on relay and only then shut down the fan . In the case of such fans serving to ventilate interior rooms, in particular windowless rooms, it was common practice to switch the fan on or off via a switch that is spatially separate from it. Since the light switch for room lighting must be switched on each time the interior space is used, it was customary to switch on the motor of the fan by means of the light switch or by means of this switch contacts to switch it on when entering the room and to switch on the after-running relay which then switches it off again connect when leaving the room. However, this also requires additional wiring between the light switch and the fan, which is generally located far away from it, which considerably increases the cost of installation work when installing the fan. This does not change the mentioned arrangement of the run-on relay on the fan or on its holder, since this saves the laying of wiring that serves to switch on the fan and to switch it on to switch off the run-up relay. The arrangement of the run-on relay on the fan or its holder saves no wiring at all, but even makes additional wiring necessary. Because if you install the follow-up relay at the installation location of the light switch in question, as was generally the case, you can assemble it with this light switch without additional wiring to the fan. If, however, the run-on relay according to CH-A-612 260 is arranged on the fan or its holder, at least one additional wire must be laid from the light switch to the run-up relay. Namely, the tracking relay must maintain the supply of feed current to the fan motor during the lag time, which complicates the circuit when the light switch and the tracking relay are separated.

Durch die DE-A-2 350 854 ist ferner ein temperaturempfindlicher Schwellwertschalter bekannt, der dem Ein- und Ausschalten eines der Kühlwasserkühlung dienenden Ventilators in Abhängigkeit der Kühlwassertemperatur eines Kraftfahrzeuges dient. In dieser DE-A-2 350 854 ist ferner ohne Bezug auf einen Ventilator noch ein lichtempfindlicher Schwellwertschalter beschrieben, der eine bestimmte Bauart hat. Irgendein Anwendungsgebiet dieses lichtempfindlichen Schwellwertschalters ist jedoch nicht angegeben.From DE-A-2 350 854 a temperature-sensitive threshold switch is also known, which is used to switch on and off a cooling water cooling fan depending on the cooling water temperature of a motor vehicle. In this DE-A-2 350 854 a light-sensitive threshold switch is also described without reference to a fan, which has a certain type. However, there is no indication of any area of application for this light-sensitive threshold switch.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Lüftungsgerät der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 oder des Anspruches 2 genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß ein schneller und problemloser Einbau mit möglichst geringen elektrischen Installationsarbeiten möglich ist.The invention has for its object to design a ventilation device of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 or claim 2 so that a quick and easy installation with the least possible electrical installation work is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Lüftungsgerät für die Zu- bzw. Abführung von Luft in bzw. aus vorzugsweise zwangsbelüfteten, fensterlosen Räumen mit einem gesteuerten Ventilator erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Steuerung des Ventilators durch eine in bzw. an dem Ventilatorgehäuse angeordnete fotoelektrische Steuerungseinheit erfolgt, die auf das Licht der Raumbeleuchtung des fensterlosen Raumes ansprechbar angeordnet ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in a ventilation device for the supply or removal of air into or from preferably forced-ventilated, windowless rooms with a controlled fan in that the fan is controlled by a photoelectric control unit arranged in or on the fan housing, which is arranged responsive to the light of the room lighting of the windowless room.

Bei einem Lüftungsgerät für fensterlose Räume, welches eine durch eine Steuerungseinheit steuerbare Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe aufweist, sieht die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der obigen Aufgabe vor, daß die Steuerungseinheit eine im bzw. am Gehäuse der Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe angeordnete fotoelektrische Steuerungseinheit ist, die auf das Licht der Raumbeleuchtung des fensterlosen Raumes ansprechbar angeordnet ist. Diese Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe wird zum Belüften bzw. Entlüften des betreffenden fensterlosen Raumes geöffnet, was mittels der an ihrem Gehäuse angeordneten fotoelektrischen Steuerungseinheit immer dann erfolgt, wenn das Licht der Raumbeleuchtung beim Betreten des Raumes eingeschaltet wird. Solche nur aus Be- oder Entlüftungsklappen bestehenden Lüftungsgeräte werden bspw. oft an bzw. in aus den betreffenden Räumen in einen zentralen Lüftungskanal führenden Durchlässen angeordnet, wobei an den zentralen Lüftungskanal bspw. ein Dachventilator oder dergl. angeschlossen sein kann.In a ventilation device for windowless rooms, which has a ventilation flap which can be controlled by a control unit, the solution according to the invention provides for the above object that the control unit is a photoelectric control unit which is arranged in or on the housing of the ventilation flap and which operates on the Light the room lighting of the windowless room is arranged responsive. This ventilation flap is opened to ventilate or vent the windowless room in question, which takes place by means of the photoelectric control unit arranged on its housing whenever the light of the room lighting is switched on when entering the room. Such ventilation devices consisting only of ventilation flaps are often, for example, often arranged on or in passages leading from the rooms in question into a central ventilation duct, it being possible for a roof fan or the like to be connected to the central ventilation duct.

Auch wenn das Lüftungsgerät einen Ventilator aufweist, kann diesem eine Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe zugeordnet sein, die durch die Steuerungseinheit ebenfalls steuerbar ist.Even if the ventilation device has a fan, this can be assigned a ventilation flap, which can also be controlled by the control unit.

Durch die Erfindung beschränkt sich bei Neubauten der elektrische Anschluß des betreffenden Lüftungsgerätes auf den einfachen Anschluß an das elektrische Netz, bspw. an Abzweigkästen oder an Abzweigdosen. Sonstige Installationsarbeiten, z. B. externe Verdrahtungen in Schalterdosen am Lichtschalter und zusätzliche Schalterdosen für die Aufnahme einstellbarer Nachlaufrelais entfallen. Auch werden Übertragungsfehler zwischen Architekt, Elektriker und Lüftungsfirma vermieden. Die Sachlage bei Reklamationen und Garantiefällen ist wesentlich vereinfacht. Auch lassen sich alle gesetzlichen Bestimmungen und lüftungstechnischen Voraussetzungen problemlos erfüllen. Die elektrische Zuleitung zum Lüftungsgerät muß also nicht mehr über einen im Abstand vom Lüftungsgerät angeordneten Schalter, insbesondere nicht mehr über den Schalter der Raumbeleuchtung geführt werden, so daß die Spannungsversorgung auf kürzestem Wege von dem nächsten Abzweigkasten, der nächsten Abzweigdose oder dergl. direkt zum Lüftungsgerät verlegt werden kann. Dadurch wird auch nachträglicher Einbau des Lüftungsgerätes erleichtert, da dann die bei nachträglichem Einbau bisher unvermeidlichen Beschädigungen von Wänden, Fliesen und Tapeten so gering wie möglich gehalten oder vollständig vermieden werden.The invention limits the electrical connection of the concern in new buildings the ventilation unit for easy connection to the electrical network, for example to junction boxes or to junction boxes. Other installation work, e.g. B. external wiring in switch boxes on the light switch and additional switch boxes for accommodating adjustable follow-up relays are not required. Transmission errors between the architect, electrician and ventilation company are also avoided. The situation regarding complaints and guarantee cases is considerably simplified. All legal and ventilation requirements can also be easily met. The electrical supply line to the ventilation unit therefore no longer has to be routed via a switch arranged at a distance from the ventilation unit, in particular no longer via the switch of the room lighting, so that the voltage supply is directly from the next junction box, the next junction box or the like directly to the ventilation unit can be relocated. This also makes retrofitting the ventilation unit easier, since then the damage to walls, tiles and wallpaper previously unavoidable when retrofitted is kept as low as possible or completely avoided.

Ein bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung ist die Be- oder Entlüftung von Sanitärräumen, wie Toiletten, Bädern oder dergl., die ein Lüftungsgerät zum Lüften des Raumes benötigen. Durch die Steuerungseinheit des betreffenden Lüftungsgerätes wird dann im Gefolge des Einschaltens der Raumbeleuchtung durch deren Licht dieses Lüftungsgerät selbsttätig eingeschaltet und durch Ausschalten dieser Raumbeleuchtung im Gefolge des Erlöschens des Lichtes selbsttätig wieder ausgeschaltet. Das Abschalten des Lüftungsgerätes kann dabei unmittelbar im Gefolge der Raumbeleuchtung erfolgen oder es kann gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen sein, daß die Steuerungseinheit auch eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Verlängern der jeweiligen Betriebszeit ansteuert, die vorzugsweise in sie integriert ist. Die Verlängerung der Betriebszeit kann bspw. 5 bis 20 Minuten betragen.A preferred field of application of the invention is the ventilation of sanitary rooms, such as toilets, bathrooms or the like, which require a ventilation device to ventilate the room. By the control unit of the ventilation device in question, this ventilation device is then automatically switched on by its light in the wake of the room lighting being switched on and automatically switched off again by switching off this room lighting in the wake of the light being extinguished. The ventilation unit can be switched off directly in the wake of the room lighting or, according to a further development of the invention, it can also be provided that the control unit also controls a circuit arrangement for extending the respective operating time, which is preferably integrated into it. The extension of the operating time can be, for example, 5 to 20 minutes.

Wenn das Lüftungsgerät eine Be- oder Entlüftungsklappe aufweist, kann diese vorzugsweise eine schwenkbare Lamellen aufweisende Verschlußklappe sein, da diese die Installationsarbeiten am Einbauort infolge ihrer kurzen Baulänge weiterhin vereinfacht.If the ventilation device has a ventilation flap, this can preferably be a pivoting flap having a closure flap, since this further simplifies the installation work at the installation site due to its short overall length.

Einige weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 6 bis 14 beschrieben.Some further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims 6 to 14.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausgestaltung des Lüftungsgerätes nach Anspruch 9, da durch die Anordnung der Steuerungseinheit hinter einem transparenten Gehäusewandabschnitt des Gehäuses diese besonders gut geschützt angeordnet ist und die Außendimensionen des Gehäuses nicht vergrößert werden.The design of the ventilation device according to claim 9 is particularly advantageous, since the arrangement of the control unit behind a transparent housing wall section of the housing means that the latter is arranged in a particularly well-protected manner and the external dimensions of the housing are not enlarged.

Die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 11, gemäß welcher die Steuerungseinheit ein komplettes Gerät bildet, hat den Vorteil seines einfachen Zusammenbaus mit dem Lüftungsgerät.The measure according to claim 11, according to which the control unit forms a complete device, has the advantage of being easy to assemble with the ventilation device.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das Lüftungsgerät zusammen mit der Steuerungseinheit und damit zusammen mit allen erforderlichen Schalteinrichtungen für das Lüftungsgerät ein kompaktes Gerät bildet.It is particularly favorable if the ventilation device forms a compact device together with the control unit and thus together with all the necessary switching devices for the ventilation device.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine Ansicht eines Ventilators mit Gehäuse und Steuerungseinheit,
  • Fig. 2 einen Stromlaufplan und
  • Fig. 3 eine Anordnung mit teilweise transparentem Gehäuse.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.
  • 1 shows a view of a fan with housing and control unit,
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram and
  • Fig. 3 shows an arrangement with a partially transparent housing.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Lüftungsgerät vereinfacht dargestellt, bei dem ein Ventilator 1 in einem Gehäuse 2 untergebracht ist. Das Gehäuse 2 ist hier für den Wandaufbau gestaltet, es kann aber auch als Abschnitt eines Rohres ausgebildet sein oder als Einbaugehäuse, welches teilweise »unter Putz« angeordnet werden kann.In Fig. 1, a ventilation device is shown in simplified form, in which a fan 1 is housed in a housing 2. The housing 2 is designed here for the wall structure, but it can also be designed as a section of a pipe or as a built-in housing, which can be partially “plastered”.

Am Gehäuse 2 ist eine fotoelektrische Steuerungseinheit 3 angeordnet, deren fotosensitiver Fühler (Sensor) der Lichtquelle (Lampe) des zu lüftenden Raumes zugewandt ist und die dem Ein- und Ausschalten des Ventilators 1 dient.A photoelectric control unit 3 is arranged on the housing 2, the photosensitive sensor (sensor) of which faces the light source (lamp) of the room to be ventilated and is used to switch the fan 1 on and off.

Beispielsweise kann die Steuerungseinheit einen von ihrem fotosensitiven Fühler angesteuerten Leistungsschalter aufweisen, der im Gefolge des Aufleuchtens der Raumbeleuchtung den Ventilator einschaltet und bei Ausschalten der Raumbeleuchtung durch die hierdurch wieder im Raum eintretende Dunkelheit mittels des fotosensitiven Fühlers wieder ausgeschaltet wird.For example, the control unit can have a circuit breaker controlled by its photosensitive sensor, which switches on the fan in the wake of the lighting of the room lighting and, when the room lighting is switched off, is switched off again by means of the photosensitive sensor due to the darkness again entering the room.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung kann das Ausschalten des Ventilators auch zeitverzögert, d. h. mit Nachlaufzeit erfolgen. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer hierfür geeigneten Schaltungsanordnung ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt.According to a development, the fan can also be switched off with a time delay, i. H. with follow-up time. An embodiment of a circuit arrangement suitable for this is shown in FIG. 2.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Stromlaufplan der Steuerungseinheit ist an eine Netzleitung mit den Phasenanschlüssen 11, 12 und dem Schutzleiter 13 der Ventilatormotor 14 gelegt. Der Antrieb 14 ist durch einen Leistungsschalter 15 einschaltbar. Der Leistungsschalter 15 ist Bestandteil einer Schaltungsanordnung 16. Auch die Schaltungsanordnung 16 ist aus dem Netz gespeist. Die Stromversorgung der Schaltungsanordnung 16 wird durch ein Netzteil mit dem Gleichrichter 17 sichergestellt. Die Schaltungsanordnung 16 umfaßt einen fotoelektrischen Schalter 18, der eine lichtempfindliche Eingangsstufe, vorzugsweise eine Fotodiode 19, und einen Ausgangsschalter 21, vorzugsweise einen Schalttransistor, enthält. An den Ausgangsschalter 21 ist eine Integrierstufe 22 angeschlossen, die im einfachsten Fall durch die Parallelschaltung eines Widerstandes 23 und eines Kondensators 24 realisiert ist. Parallel zur Integrierstufe 22 liegt zweckmäßigerweise eine Schwellwertstufe 25. Es ist zweckmäßig, den Eingangswiderstand der Schwellwertstufe 25 möglichst hoch zu treffen, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Feldeffekttransistors. Mit dem Ausgang der Schwellwertstufe 25 ist der Eingang des Leistungsschalters 15 verbunden. Der Leistungsschalter 15 selbst umfaßt beispielsweise ein Relais 26 und einen Schließer 27. Das Relais 26 und der Schließer 27 können selbstverständlich durch einen Leistungstransistor oder einen Thyristor ersetzt sein.In the circuit diagram of the control unit shown in FIG. 2, the fan motor 14 is connected to a mains line with the phase connections 11, 12 and the protective conductor 13. The drive 14 can be switched on by a circuit breaker 15. The circuit breaker 15 is part of a circuit arrangement 16. The circuit arrangement 16 is also fed from the network. The power supply of the circuit arrangement 16 is ensured by a power supply unit with the rectifier 17. The circuit arrangement 16 comprises a photoelectric switch 18, which contains a light-sensitive input stage, preferably a photodiode 19, and an output switch 21, preferably a switching transistor. An integrating stage 22 is connected to the output switch 21, which in the simplest case is realized by connecting a resistor 23 and a capacitor 24 in parallel. A threshold value stage 25 is expediently located parallel to the integrating stage 22. It is expedient to hit the input resistance of the threshold value stage 25 as high as possible, for example with the aid of a field effect transistor. With the output of threshold level 25 is the input the circuit breaker 15 connected. The circuit breaker 15 itself comprises, for example, a relay 26 and a make contact 27. The relay 26 and the make contact 27 can of course be replaced by a power transistor or a thyristor.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen vorteilhaften Aufbau des Lüftungsgerätes mit der Schaltungsanordnung 16 der Steuerungseinheit 3. Sowohl der Antrieb 14 als auch die Schaltungsanordnung 16 sind in das Gehäuse 28 des Lüfters 30 eingebaut. Das Gehäuse 28 ist teilweise aus in beschränktem Maß lichtdurchlässigem Material ausgeführt. Das dann noch genügend durch den Wand des Gehäuses 28 einfallende Licht steuert die Fotodiode 19 derSchaltungsanordnung 16. Dadurch ist die Schaltungsanordnung 16 sehr gut gegen schädigende Umwelteinflüsse geschützt.3 shows an advantageous construction of the ventilation device with the circuit arrangement 16 of the control unit 3. Both the drive 14 and the circuit arrangement 16 are installed in the housing 28 of the fan 30. The housing 28 is partially made of a translucent material. The light that is then still sufficiently incident through the wall of the housing 28 controls the photodiode 19 of the circuit arrangement 16. As a result, the circuit arrangement 16 is very well protected against damaging environmental influences.

Ist die Schaltungsanordnung 16 in einem fensterlosen sanitären Raum eingebaut, wird die Fotodiode 19 beim Einschalten der Raumbeleuchtung durch deren Licht erregt und schließt den Ausgangsschalter 21. Dadurch wird - über den Schwellwertschalter 25 - das Relais 26 im Leistungsschalter 15 angesteuert. Das Relais 26 zieht an und schließt den Schalter 27. Infolgedessen läuft der als Antrieb dienende Motor 14 an. Dieser Zustand bleibt erhalten, solange die Raumbeleuchtung eingschaltet ist. Erlöscht die Raumbeleuchtung wieder, wird die Fotodiode 19 entregt und der Ausgangsschalter 21 dadurch geöffnet. Der Kondensator 24 aber, der vorher beim Schließen des Ausgangsschalters 21 aufgeladen wurde, kann sich nur sehr langsam, und zwar über den parallel geschalteten Widerstand 23, entladen. Mit dem Wert des Widerstands 23 und der Kapazität des Kondensators 24 kann die Entladezeit festgelegt werden. Weil der Kondensator 24 sich nur sehr langsam entlädt, wird dem Relais 26 - über den Schwellwertschalter 25 - noch über eine gewisse Zeit eine ausreichende Steuerleistung zugeführt, das Relais 26 bleibt also angezogen und der Schalter 27 geschlossen, der Motor 14 läuft also noch weiter. Der Schwellwertschalter 25 ist deshalb zweckmäßig, um für das Relais 26 eindeutige Ansteuerungsverhältnisse zu schaffen. Ist das Potential am Kondensator 24 unter einen Mindestwert gesunken, schaltet der Schwellwertschalter 25 um, das Relais 26 fällt ab, der Schalter 27 wird geöffnet, und der Motor 14 kommt zum Stillzustand.If the circuit arrangement 16 is installed in a windowless sanitary room, the photodiode 19 is excited by its light when the room lighting is switched on and closes the output switch 21. As a result, the relay 26 in the circuit breaker 15 is activated via the threshold switch 25. The relay 26 picks up and closes the switch 27. As a result, the motor 14 serving as the drive starts. This state remains as long as the room lighting is switched on. If the room lighting goes out again, the photodiode 19 is de-energized and the output switch 21 is thereby opened. However, the capacitor 24, which was previously charged when the output switch 21 was closed, can discharge only very slowly, specifically via the resistor 23 connected in parallel. The discharge time can be determined with the value of the resistor 23 and the capacitance of the capacitor 24. Because the capacitor 24 discharges very slowly, the relay 26 - via the threshold switch 25 - is supplied with sufficient control power for a certain time, so the relay 26 remains energized and the switch 27 is closed, so the motor 14 continues to run. The threshold switch 25 is therefore useful in order to create clear control conditions for the relay 26. If the potential at the capacitor 24 has dropped below a minimum value, the threshold switch 25 switches over, the relay 26 drops out, the switch 27 is opened, and the motor 14 comes to a standstill.

Wie sich aus vorstehender Beschreibung ergibt, wird das eine Integrierstufe 22 bildende RC-Glied 23, 24 zum Erreichen der Nachlaufzeit in seiner Spannung abklingend eingesetzt. Es sind auch andere Ausbildungen der Integrierstufe möglich, beispielsweise als Miller-Integrator.As can be seen from the above description, the voltage of the RC element 23, 24 forming an integrating stage 22 is reduced in order to achieve the lag time. Other designs of the integration stage are also possible, for example as a Miller integrator.

Wenn man den Widerstand 23 in Fig. 2 als verstellbaren Widerstand ausbildet, läßt sich mit ihm die Nachlaufzeit unterschiedlich einstellen.If the resistor 23 in FIG. 2 is designed as an adjustable resistor, the lag time can be set differently with it.

Lüftungsgeräte, auf die sich die Erfindung bezieht, sind insbesondere solche in Wandeinbauform oder Wandaufbauform, also z. B. Wandventilatoren. Diese Lüftungsgeräte dienen insbesondere dem Zuführen oder Abführen von Frischluft oder Abluft in den betreffenden Raum bzw. aus ihm heraus durch Mauerdurchbrüche oder Kanalsysteme oder dergl. hindurch.Ventilation devices, to which the invention relates, are in particular those in wall mounting or wall mounting, so z. B. Wall fans. These ventilation devices are used in particular to supply or discharge fresh air or exhaust air into the room in question or out of it through wall openings or duct systems or the like.

Der fotosensitive Fühler kann von irgendeiner geeigneten Art sein, beispielsweise ein Fotowiderstand.The photosensitive sensor can be of any suitable type, for example a photo resistor.

Claims (14)

1. A ventilation apparatus for the supply and removal of air into and out of preferably forcibly ventilated, windowless rooms, with a controlled fan, characterized in that the fan is controlled by a photoelectric control unit (3) which is disposed in or on the fan casing (2) and which is arranged so as to respond to the light of the room illumination of the windowless room.
2. A ventilation apparatus for windowless rooms, which comprises a ventilating or air-removal flap controllable by a control unit, characterized in that the control unit is a photoelectric control unit which is disposed in or on the casing of the ventilating or air-removal flap and which is arranged so as to respond to the light of the room illumination of the windowless room.
3. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control unit (3) also controls a circuit arrangement, preferably integrated therein, for prolonging the respective operating time.
4. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that a ventilating or air-removal flap is also controllable by the control unit (3).
5. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the ventilating or air-removal flap is a shutter flap comprising swinging-out leaves.
6. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the circuit arrangement (16) comprises a memory device (22) for a circuit breaker (15) of the fan or the air-removal flap.
7. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 6, characterized in that a threshold switch (25) with preferably a high input resistance is connected upstream of the circuit breaker (15).
8. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the memory device comprises an integrating stage (22) which is formed as an R - C member (23, 24).
9. A ventilation apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the casing (2) is made at least partly transparent, and the control unit is inserted in the casing (2) behind a transparent casing wall portion.
10. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the R-C member comprises a capacitor (24) and a resistor (23) connected in parallel with the capacitor.
11. A ventilation apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the control unit (3) forms a complete apparatus.
12. A ventilation apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that together with the control unit (3) it forms a compact apparatus.
13. A ventilation apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it is formed as an apparatus to be inserted or mounted on a wall.
14. A ventilation apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the photosensitive sensor of the photoelectric control unit (3) is inserted into the front side of the casing (2) of the ventilation apparatus.
EP82102581A 1981-03-28 1982-03-26 Ventilator for supplying or exhausting air Expired EP0062263B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82102581T ATE17165T1 (en) 1981-03-28 1982-03-26 VENTILATION DEVICE FOR THE ACCESSORIES. EXHAUST AIR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19818109226U DE8109226U1 (en) 1981-03-28 1981-03-28 VENTILATION UNIT FOR PARTICULARLY VENTILATED, WINDOWLESS ROOMS
DE8109226U 1981-03-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062263A1 EP0062263A1 (en) 1982-10-13
EP0062263B1 true EP0062263B1 (en) 1985-12-27

Family

ID=6726210

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102581A Expired EP0062263B1 (en) 1981-03-28 1982-03-26 Ventilator for supplying or exhausting air

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0062263B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE17165T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8109226U1 (en)
DK (1) DK158924C (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3304258C2 (en) * 1983-02-08 1984-12-13 Knut 8031 Gilching Reynartz Process for the forced ventilation of internal sanitary rooms
DE3516910C2 (en) * 1985-05-10 1994-06-30 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ventilation device for rooms
DE19937531A1 (en) * 1999-08-09 2001-02-15 Brantec Gmbh Solothurn Device for keeping escape routes in buildings smoke-free
CN114719373B (en) * 2022-04-26 2023-04-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Fresh air system control method and device and air conditioning unit

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE354513C (en) * 1922-06-10 E H Bock Electrical security system with one or more light-sensitive cells
DE671643C (en) * 1935-12-05 1939-02-10 Enrique G Touceda Monitoring device for a specific point or a specific zone
DE718361C (en) * 1940-03-06 1942-03-10 Zeiss Carl Fa Photoelectric device
CH313134A (en) * 1953-03-27 1956-03-31 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ventilation device with shutter blades
CH406428A (en) * 1962-08-03 1966-01-31 Electronics Corp America Delay circuit
CH419704A (en) * 1965-01-04 1966-08-31 Gysi Ag Geb Additional device in a system for the automatic regulation of heating and ventilation in a greenhouse
DE7615762U1 (en) * 1976-05-14 1976-09-30 Fa. Paul Linke, 1000 Berlin FAN FOR BAEDER OR THE SAME

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK158924C (en) 1990-12-31
DK158924B (en) 1990-07-30
DE8109226U1 (en) 1981-12-03
DK141782A (en) 1982-09-29
EP0062263A1 (en) 1982-10-13
DE3268080D1 (en) 1986-02-06
ATE17165T1 (en) 1986-01-15

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