EP3463733A1 - Ligne de fabrication pour le brasage - Google Patents

Ligne de fabrication pour le brasage

Info

Publication number
EP3463733A1
EP3463733A1 EP17724543.8A EP17724543A EP3463733A1 EP 3463733 A1 EP3463733 A1 EP 3463733A1 EP 17724543 A EP17724543 A EP 17724543A EP 3463733 A1 EP3463733 A1 EP 3463733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
fans
production line
soldering
heating elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17724543.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Hippin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP3463733A1 publication Critical patent/EP3463733A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/04—Heating appliances
    • B23K3/047—Heating appliances electric
    • B23K3/0478—Heating appliances electric comprising means for controlling or selecting the temperature or power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0085—Apparatus for treatments of printed circuits with liquids not provided for in groups H05K3/02 - H05K3/46; conveyors and holding means therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3494—Heating methods for reflowing of solder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
    • H05K2203/081—Blowing of gas, e.g. for cooling or for providing heat during solder reflowing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a production line for soldering components on at least one surface of a printed circuit board.
  • Soldering is a thermal process by means of which a cohesive joining connection is obtained by means of a joining material or solder, usually in the form of a readily meltable metal alloy.
  • the present application relates to reflow soldering and more particularly to backside reflow soldering.
  • Wave soldering and selective soldering (a variant of wave soldering) is the most commonly used soldering process and is known in principle from a variety of publications.
  • the printed circuit boards produced by these soldering processes are used in various designs in the measuring instruments manufactured by the Endress + Hauser Group.
  • the choice of the soldering method used is usually based on the type of arranged on the circuit board and to be soldered components.
  • SMD components are often used, which are soldered by the reflow soldering. SMD components do not need any
  • Printed circuit board are mounted by first the first surface is equipped with the corresponding components.
  • the SMD components are soldered there; then the circuit board is turned and then the second surface provided in the same way with the corresponding SMD components.
  • Much of the electronic components are available as SMD components, resulting in a significant reduction in manufacturing costs.
  • SMD components there are still a large number of special components which, due to their function, have larger dimensions.
  • These components are preferred as through hole technology components - in short THT- Components formed.
  • THT components have pin-shaped connection wires that are inserted through metallized connection holes in the circuit board.
  • THT components are typically in one
  • soldering soldered The printed circuit board is driven over a so-called solder wave.
  • the solder wave is generated by pumping liquid solder, which is contained in a heatable crucible, through a narrow gap.
  • soldering In order to comply with the requirements of heavy metal limiting standards and regulations, eventually any lead residues in the meter should be avoided. For this reason, lead-free solders or solder pastes are increasingly being used. For lead-free solder pastes, however, the temperature used for soldering is usually higher. It is around 235 ° C - 265 ° C for reflow soldering and backside ref low soldering. There are different types of production lines with reflow soldering and backside reflow soldering oven known, today primarily reflow soldering systems are used with convection heating. All reflow soldering furnaces have in common that they have a preheating zone, a soldering zone and a Cooling zone have.
  • the item to be soldered or the circuit board to be soldered is transported by a transport device through the different temperature zones of the soldering oven.
  • the present application relates to such a soldering oven with convection heating.
  • the soldering material provided with the solder paste is preheated and gradually heated to a temperature of about 160 ° C.
  • a proportion of solvent in the flux is thereby evaporated.
  • the flux is used to reduce surface oxides and the flow and
  • Temperature rise during soldering can be avoided and thus gently soldered.
  • soldering zone In the soldering zone, a further heating of the soldering material then takes place to a temperature which is above the liquidus temperature of the soldering paste used in order to carry out the actual soldering process. In order to achieve solder joints of high quality, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the solder joint for a maximum of 60 s above the liquidus temperature of the solder paste. If larger components are arranged on a printed circuit board to be soldered, then the soldering zone must be operated at a temperature which is significantly higher than that of the soldering zone
  • Soldering temperature is in order to ensure within this time that the larger components or their solder joints reach the soldering temperature. It is therefore worked in the soldering zone with process temperatures of up to 300 ° C, see, for. B. DE 197 417 92.
  • the temperature profile in the respective temperature zone depends on the soldering process, the temperature sensitivity of the components used and the type of solder paste used. The entire soldering process and the present on the surface of the circuit board
  • Temperature is controlled in the prior art by the residence time in the different temperature zones.
  • the temperature zones have one or more in the prior art, in the transport direction
  • the cause lies on the one hand in the different
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a production line for soldering, which allows a precise control of the temperature present on the circuit board to a predetermined temperature profile.
  • a production line for soldering components onto a printed circuit board comprising: a soldering furnace with at least two
  • Temperature zones in which a given temperature profile prevails a A transporting device configured to transport the printed circuit boards through the temperature zones of the soldering furnace in a transporting direction, and a control device; wherein in at least one of the temperature zones at least two heating elements are configured and / or arranged such that a surface to be soldered transported through the soldering oven
  • Printed circuit boards is heated by the heating elements, wherein the heating elements are arranged offset one behind the other in the transport direction and facing the surface to be soldered, wherein in at least one of the temperature zones at least two successively offset in the transport direction arranged and the surface to be soldered facing fan are provided, and wherein the control device is designed to control the heating elements and the fan so that the predetermined temperature profile in the temperature zones is present at the surface to be soldered to the circuit board.
  • the components are, for example, THT or SMD components.
  • the surface to be soldered can be the surface on which the components are arranged. The surface to be soldered but also the
  • the predetermined temperature profile is essentially one
  • Temperature / location function that describes what the temperature should look like depending on the location.
  • the location is essentially based on the distance traveled in the production line in the transport direction
  • the transport plane is parallel to the plane of the
  • the temperature profile describes in particular the course of the temperature in the different temperature zones.
  • a plurality of fans arranged offset one behind the other in the transport direction are provided in at least one of the temperature zones.
  • the at least two fans can be controlled separately.
  • the temperature present on the surface of the printed circuit board can be adjusted by the separately controllable fans.
  • the number of fans in the invention is preferably less than or equal to the number of heating elements in each temperature zone.
  • the successively staggered heating elements are preferably located on a straight line parallel to the transport direction.
  • the successively staggered fans are preferably located on one to
  • Transport direction parallel lines.
  • the invention relates only to a control, but no regulation or readjustment of the present on the circuit board temperature based on the fan.
  • experience must be gained in relation to the specific configuration of the soldering furnace and / or the soldering paste and / or the solder, for example by experiments.
  • the solder paste is usually around
  • At least two further heating elements are configured in at least one of the temperature zones and / or arranged that a further surface of the circuit board is heated by the further heating elements, wherein the further surface of the surface to be soldered opposite, and wherein the further heating elements are arranged offset one behind the other in the transport direction and the further surface facing.
  • the successively staggered further heating elements are preferably located on a straight line parallel to the transport direction.
  • the further surface facing further fan provided.
  • there are fans that face both surfaces of the circuit board so for example, are arranged above and below the circuit board.
  • the further fans arranged offset one behind the other in the transport direction are preferably located on a straight line parallel to the transport direction.
  • the fans and / or the other fans can be designed essentially identical.
  • the heating elements and / or the other heating elements can be configured substantially identical.
  • control device is configured to control the heating elements and other heating elements and the fans and the other fans so that at the surface to be soldered and the other surface, the predetermined temperature profile in the
  • Temperature zones is present.
  • the temperature present on the surface or the surfaces is thus controlled by the totality of heating elements and further heating elements and the fan and other fans.
  • the targeted control of a fan and a further fan which is opposite to the fan in the direction perpendicular to the transport direction the mixing of the air layers are prevented in the direction perpendicular to the transport direction.
  • the convection processes that lead to a mixture of air layers with different temperatures, minimized.
  • the temperature profile provides that in at least one of the temperature zones, different temperatures are present at the surface to be soldered and the other surface. For example, this is often the case for backside reflow soldering.
  • the temperature profile does not include a temperature / location function, but two temperature / location functions, each for the surface to be soldered and the other surface of the circuit board. These two temperature / location functions can then be adjusted in combination with the previous embodiment by the control unit of the fan and the other fan, as well as the heating elements and the other fan.
  • the fans are substantially controllable on the basis of the rotational frequency and / or the other fan substantially based on the further rotational frequency.
  • the convection is controlled in the local environment of the fan or other fans. This sets, for example, the amount of air circulated or moved by the fan or other fans.
  • the temperature profile is designed so that the temperature of the temperature profile in a first temperature zone always greater than the temperature of the temperature profile in a second temperature zone, wherein the two temperature zones in
  • Transport direction are adjacent and wherein in both temperature zones fan and / or other fans are provided.
  • the rotational frequency of the fan in the first temperature zone is less than or equal to the rotational frequency of the fan in the second temperature zone and / or the further rotational frequency of the other fan in the first temperature zone is less than or equal to the further rotational frequency of the other fan in the second temperature zone.
  • This embodiment thus relates to the control of the fan of each other in the transport direction of adjacent temperature zones.
  • the rotational frequency of the fan or the other fan is controlled-
  • the temperature profile is designed so that the temperature of the temperature / location function in the first temperature zone is always greater than the temperature of the temperature / location function in the second temperature zone: the first Temperature zone is therefore always warmer than the second
  • the first temperature zone may be in relation to the
  • Transport direction be arranged in front of or behind the second Temperarturzone.
  • the rotational frequency of the fan and / or the other fan in the warmer temperature zone is smaller.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that is prevented by the tuning of the rotational frequencies of the fan and / or the other fan that air layers are passed from the adjacent colder temperature zones in the warmer temperature zone.
  • the brazing furnace has at least three temperature zones, which are designed as preheating zone, soldering zone and cooling zone.
  • the soldering oven is a reflow soldering oven.
  • the soldering oven is a backside reflow soldering oven.
  • the soldering furnace or the production line is configured to
  • soldering oven or the production line can be configured in the embodiment reflow soldering oven to turn the circuit board, for example, and to equip the circuit board as mentioned above on both sides with SMD components.
  • the production line is designed for soldering with a lead-free solder paste.
  • Soldering with a lead-free Solder paste in particular in combination with the backside reflow soldering and / or temperature-sensitive THT components requires a very precise control of the temperature present on the circuit board.
  • the invention allows for the first time a lead-free backside reflow soldering, which is not possible with known from the prior art production lines.
  • the transport device is configured to transport the circuit boards in the different temperature zones with different transport speed.
  • the temperature present on the surface of the printed circuit board can be controlled. According to a development of this embodiment, the
  • Transport device from transport units, wherein in each temperature zone at least one transport unit for transporting the printed circuit boards is arranged at an adjustable transport speed.
  • transport units may consist of a single or multiple conveyor belts.
  • various operating modes in which the production line can be operated are stored in the control device, wherein each operating mode is the temperature profile of the temperature zone, and wherein the temperature profiles of the respective
  • the temperature profile is assigned (depending on the design) the temperature / location function on the surface to be soldered and / or the further surface.
  • the operating mode is initially dependent on the soldering oven. This brazing furnace is chosen for the respective production line.
  • the operating mode also depends on the particular application or the conditions specified by the user and present in the respective applications. In terms of these in the respective In this case, a specific operating mode stored in the control device for operating the
  • the operating mode is, for example, the item to be soldered; especially the
  • a first operating mode provides a first temperature profile
  • at least a second operating mode provides a second temperature profile different from the first temperature profile
  • the difference in the temperatures of the two temperature profiles is essentially determined by controlling the entirety of the fans and / or the other fan is adjustable.
  • the given temperature profiles therefore have different
  • Heating elements would be required.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of the production line according to the invention
  • Fig. 2a different temperature profiles
  • Fig. 2b Umstell Forum between the temperature profiles with the
  • Fig. 3 The reduction of the Committee with the production line according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structure of the production line according to the invention with the soldering oven 3 and the transport device, by means of which the circuit board 2 with the components 1 in the transport direction rt with a
  • Transport speed vt is transported through the temperature zones Z1, Z2, Z3 of the brazing furnace.
  • components 1 are arranged on the surface 10 to be soldered and on the further surface 1,
  • the soldering oven 3 comprises in this embodiment, three temperature zones Z1, Z2, Z3.
  • four heating elements 60, 61, 62, 63 and three fans 70, 71, 72 are arranged one after the other in the transport direction rt in the first temperature zone Z1.
  • Temperature zone Z1 arranged four further heating elements 80,81, 82,83 and two other fan 90,91 in the transport direction rt one behind the other.
  • heating elements 60, 61 and fans 70, 71 of the first temperature zone Z1 are shown in this exemplary embodiment.
  • each temperature zone Z1, Z2, Z3 of the soldering furnace 3 should have at least one heating element 60.
  • Fan 70,71 is in the invention preferably smaller than or equal to the number of heating elements 60,61 and possibly the number of other fans 90,91 is preferably less than or equal to the number of other heating elements 80,81.
  • the transport plane is parallel to the plane of the printed circuit board 2.
  • the transport plane of the transport device 4 may be arranged in the middle between the heating elements 60,61 and the other heating elements 80,81. It is of course also possible that the transport plane closer or further to the
  • Heating elements 60,61 is arranged as to the other heating elements 80,81. For example, it is possible to match the spacing of the heating elements 60, 61 or the further heating elements 80, 81 to the transport plane to the configuration of the components 1.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for such a non-symmetrical structure, since the rotational frequency f0, f 1, ... the fan 60,61 separately from the rotational frequency g0, g1, ... the other fan 80,81 can be controlled.
  • a rotational frequency f0, f1 for example, a
  • control device 5 different operating modes 51, 52, ... are stored. For that includes the
  • Control device 5 for example, a memory-programmed
  • PLC Control unit
  • Fig. 2a are shown schematically different temperature profiles Tp1, Tp2, which are usually present in reflow soldering.
  • Tp1, Tp2 which are usually present in reflow soldering.
  • the preheating zone Z1 the item to be soldered is preheated.
  • the actual soldering process i.e., the formation of the integral connection
  • the temperature is usually the largest.
  • the cooling zone Z3 then takes place a cooling of the soldering.
  • Temperature profiles Tp1, Tp2 can be set by selecting operating mode 51, 52. According to the invention, the temperature profiles Tp1, Tp2 of the different operating modes 51, 52 are achieved only by the changed activation of the fans 70, 71 and possibly the further fans 91, 92. For the same control of the heating elements 60,61 and possibly the other
  • Heating elements 80, 81 can thus be present on the surface 10 of the printed circuit board 2 and possibly on the further surface 11 of the printed circuit board 2
  • Temperature are set so that the predetermined temperature profile Tp1; Tp2 is present in the temperature zones Z1, Z2.
  • inventive production line the changeover times can be reduced to one-tenth. This is a significant advantage because it can reduce downtime in production. This, too, ultimately reduces costs.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the backside reflow soldering with a lead-free solder paste 12 is made possible for the first time.
  • a temperature zone Z1; Z2; Z3 in the transport direction rt successively staggered fan 70,71 and other fans 90,91, a mixing of air layers in the direction perpendicular to the transport plane direction can be prevented. This allows a stable, but still large temperature difference at the surface to be soldered 10 and the other surface 1 1 can be set.
  • the production line according to the invention with a soldering oven 3 designed for reflow soldering shows improved results in the gentle soldering of groups of components 1 on printed circuit boards. This is shown in FIG. For such a standard process was a

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une ligne de fabrication pour le brasage de pièces (1) sur une carte de circuits imprimés (2), comprenant : un four à braser (3) pourvu d'au moins deux zones de températures (Z1, Z2, ..), dans lesquelles règne un profil de température (Tp) prédéfini, un dispositif de transport (4), qui est conçu pour transporter les cartes de circuits imprimés (2) à travers les zones de température (Z1, Z2 ,..) du four à braser (3) dans une direction de transport (Rt), ainsi qu'un dispositif de commande (5). Au moins deux éléments chauffants (60, 61, ..) sont conçus et/ou agencés dans au moins une zone de température (Z1, Z2, ..) de telle manière qu'une surface (10) à braser des cartes de circuits imprimés (2) transportées à travers le four à braser (3) est chauffée par les éléments chauffants (60, 61, ..). Les éléments chauffants (60, 61, ..) sont décalés les uns derrière les autres dans la direction de transport (Rt) et tournés vers la surface (10) à braser. Au moins deux ventilateurs (70, 71, ..) décalés les uns derrière les autres dans la direction de transport (Rt) et tournés vers la surface (10) à braser sont situés dans au moins une des zones de température (Z1, Z2, ..), et le dispositif de commande (5) est conçu pour commander les éléments chauffants (60, 61, ..) et les ventilateurs (70, 71, ..) de telle sorte que le profil de température (Tp) prédéfini est présent dans les zones de température (Z1, Z2, ..) sur la surface (10) à braser de la carte de circuits imprimés (3).
EP17724543.8A 2016-05-31 2017-05-17 Ligne de fabrication pour le brasage Withdrawn EP3463733A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016110040.4A DE102016110040A1 (de) 2016-05-31 2016-05-31 Fertigungslinie zum Löten
PCT/EP2017/061806 WO2017207272A1 (fr) 2016-05-31 2017-05-17 Ligne de fabrication pour le brasage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3463733A1 true EP3463733A1 (fr) 2019-04-10

Family

ID=58739038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17724543.8A Withdrawn EP3463733A1 (fr) 2016-05-31 2017-05-17 Ligne de fabrication pour le brasage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20190381591A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3463733A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109153092A (fr)
DE (1) DE102016110040A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017207272A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020206026A1 (de) * 2020-05-13 2021-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Herstellen von Fügeverbindungen auf einer elektronischen Baugruppe mit einem Heizelement
CN113523472B (zh) * 2021-07-20 2022-12-13 深圳市中深光电股份有限公司 一种新型自动焊接方法

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WO2017207272A1 (fr) 2017-12-07
CN109153092A (zh) 2019-01-04
US20190381591A1 (en) 2019-12-19

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