EP3457489B1 - Drehgelenk für eine drehantenne, und ein solches gelenk umfassende drehantenne - Google Patents

Drehgelenk für eine drehantenne, und ein solches gelenk umfassende drehantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3457489B1
EP3457489B1 EP18195345.6A EP18195345A EP3457489B1 EP 3457489 B1 EP3457489 B1 EP 3457489B1 EP 18195345 A EP18195345 A EP 18195345A EP 3457489 B1 EP3457489 B1 EP 3457489B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmission
antenna
rotor
stator
electromagnetic signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18195345.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3457489A1 (de
EP3457489C0 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Ferrando
Jérôme Brossier
Pierre Bosshard
Yann Cailloce
Jérôme LORENZO
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Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3457489A1 publication Critical patent/EP3457489A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3457489C0 publication Critical patent/EP3457489C0/de
Publication of EP3457489B1 publication Critical patent/EP3457489B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/069—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in at least one ring-shaped transmission line located around an axial transmission line; Concentric coaxial systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/063—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with a limited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/065—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with a limited angle of rotation the axis of rotation being parallel to the transmission path, e.g. stepped twist
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/068—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in at least one ring-shaped transmission line located around the axis of rotation, e.g. "around the mast" rotary joint
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/025—Multimode horn antennas; Horns using higher mode of propagation
    • H01Q13/0258—Orthomode horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/134—Rear-feeds; Splash plate feeds
    • H01Q19/136—Rear-feeds; Splash plate feeds cross-polarised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/193—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with feed supported subreflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
    • H01Q3/20—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
    • H01P3/123—Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary joint and a rotary antenna comprising such a joint.
  • Such an antenna has great pointing agility in azimuth and elevation, and can be used in particular in the space domain. More particularly, it can be mounted on satellites having a reduced outer surface while ensuring the reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals for a wide bandwidth.
  • the antenna further comprises a first actuator allowing the rotating part to rotate around a first axis of rotation perpendicular to the base to modify the azimuth angle of the antenna.
  • the fixed and rotating parts of this antenna are connected by a connection device arranged between them along the first axis of rotation and making it possible to transmit electromagnetic signals between these parts.
  • this connection device is composed of a rotary joint and two exciters arranged on either side of the rotary joint and making it possible to produce radiofrequency waves either in the fundamental electromagnetic mode with circular polarization or in the electromagnetic mode with symmetry of revolution.
  • the rotating joint forms a waveguide with a circular cross-section allowing in particular the propagation of two electromagnetic signals in cross-polarization between the two exciters.
  • the rotating part of this antenna comprises in particular a reflection assembly composed of a reflector and a mirror arranged opposite each other to direct electromagnetic signals emitted by a radiating source in a field of visibility of the antenna or to receive electromagnetic signals from this area.
  • the radiating source is connected to the connection module via in particular an exciter.
  • the rotating part defines a second axis of rotation and comprises a second actuator capable of rotating, for example, the mirror around this second axis of rotation to modify the angle of inclination of this mirror with respect to the reflector.
  • the pointing of such an antenna according to a given azimuth angle and elevation angle is performed by actuating the first and second actuators in an appropriate manner.
  • this antenna and in particular the rotary joint forming part of this antenna are not completely satisfactory.
  • the rotary joint described above does not allow the antenna to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals with a bandwidth of width greater than 1 GHz without significant degradation of the performance of the antenna.
  • the invention relates to a rotating antenna with a rotary joint according to claim 1.
  • the gasket comprises one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 8, taken separately or in any technically possible combination.
  • the antenna 10 of the figure 1 is a biaxial antenna which can be used in particular in the space domain to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals in the Ka band in bipolarization. These electromagnetic signals therefore present radio waves.
  • the antenna 10 forms a radiofrequency chain 11 composed of four electromagnetic signal transmission paths among which two paths are reception paths, that is to say Rx type paths, and the other two paths are transmission paths.
  • transmission that is to say channels of the Tx type.
  • the antenna 10 is for example mounted on an external surface of a satellite (not shown) disposed in a low Earth orbit for example.
  • a satellite not shown
  • Such an external surface comprises a base comprising means of mechanical fixing and means of electromagnetic connection of the antenna 10 to the satellite.
  • the mechanical fixing means make it possible to mechanically fix the antenna 10 to the base.
  • the electromagnetic connection means make it possible to ensure the transmission of all the electromagnetic signals between the antenna 10 and the satellite such as, for example, signals received by the antenna 10, signals intended for transmission by the antenna 10 as well as power supply signals from the antenna 10.
  • the base arranged on the outer surface of the satellite also has, at least locally, a base plane 12 visible on the figure 1 .
  • the base has any other shape suitable for fixing the antenna 10 in a manner known per se.
  • base plane is meant a plane formed by any three points of contact of the antenna 10 with the base.
  • the antenna 10 comprises a first part 21 intended to be fixed on the base, a second part 22 rotatably mounted around a first axis X also called the axis of rotation, on the first part 21, and a rotary joint 23 according to the invention, arranged between the first and the second parts 21, 22.
  • the first part 21 comprises an antenna support 30, a rotary support 31, a first actuator (not visible on the figure 1 ) and first guide means 36 (schematically represented by a parallelepiped on the figure 1 ) connecting the antenna 10 to the electromagnetic connection means of the antenna 10.
  • the antenna support 30 has a mechanical structure necessary to support all the components of the antenna 10.
  • the antenna support 30 allows the fixing of the antenna 10 to the base and in particular to the plane of base 12 via the mechanical fastening means mentioned above.
  • the rotary support 31 has a mechanical connection of the second part 22 of the antenna 10 to the first part 21.
  • the rotary support has a rotating shaft relative to the first part 21 and integral with the second part 22 This shaft is arranged along the first axis X.
  • the first actuator is able to animate the rotary support 31 with a rotary movement around the first axis X to rotate the second part 22 of the antenna 10 with respect to this axis X.
  • the first actuator has for example an electric motor integrated in the antenna support 30 and when the rotary support 31 is in the form of a rotary shaft, capable of driving this shaft with a rotary movement.
  • a motor is connected to the first guide means 36 to receive electrical power signals from the satellite. These signals make it possible in particular to activate the operation of the motor to turn the rotary support 31 and to reach a desired angle of elevation ⁇ .
  • the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna 10 corresponds in particular to the angle formed between a second axis Y and the base plane 12.
  • the second axis Y is perpendicular to the first axis X and to a third axis Z perpendicular to the base plane 12.
  • the first actuator is for example configured to vary the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna between ⁇ 30° and 30° or preferably between ⁇ 60° and 60°.
  • the second part 22 of the antenna 10 comprises a second rotary support 42, a radiating source 43, a reflection assembly 44, a rotary assembly 45, a second actuator (not visible on the figure 1 ) and second guide means 46 of the electromagnetic signals.
  • the second rotary support 42 has a mechanical structure capable of supporting all of the components of the second part 22 of the antenna 10. It also makes it possible to fix the second part 22 of the antenna 10 to the first part 21 in such a way rotatable around the first axis X.
  • the second rotary support 42 is integral with this shaft.
  • the radiating source 43 is capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and is for example in the form of a horn for transmitting and receiving radio waves, known per se.
  • the radiating source 43 is in the form of a plurality of horns for transmitting and/or receiving radio waves.
  • the radiating source 43 is fixedly mounted on the second rotary support 42 and is directed along the second axis Y.
  • the radiating source 43 When the radiating source 43 is in the form of a single horn, this horn is therefore directed along the second axis Y.
  • the radiating source 43 When the radiating source 43 is in the form of a plurality of horns, maximizing the efficiency of the antenna requires that the horns be directed towards the center of a reflector 47 of the reflection assembly 44. However, for reasons of cost of the solution, the horns may be directed along the second axis Y.
  • the reflection assembly 44 includes a mirror 48 arranged around the radiating source 43 and fastening means 49.
  • the reflector 47 is arranged opposite the radiating source 43 and has for example a symmetrical parabolic shape defining a top of the reflector S and a focus F which are visible on the figure 1 .
  • the top of the reflector S has for example the point of symmetry of the reflector 47.
  • the top of the reflector S and the focus F are arranged on the second axis Y.
  • the mirror 48 is for example a flat ring-shaped mirror in the center of which is arranged the radiating source 43.
  • the mirror 48 defines a mirror plane and is arranged so that the first axis X is parallel to the plane mirror or included therein.
  • the fixing means 49 make it possible on the one hand to fix the mirror 48 to the rotary assembly 45 and on the other hand, the reflector 47 to the mirror 48.
  • the fixing means 49 are in the form of a plurality of braces arranged at different levels with respect to the second axis Y.
  • two braces are arranged parallel to each other in the part of the reflection assembly 44 having the shortest distance between the reflector 47 and the mirror 48, and two braces are arranged parallel to each other in the portion of reflection assembly 44 having half the longest distance between reflector 47 and mirror 48.
  • An axis perpendicular to the plane formed by these last two braces and passing through the center of mirror 48 will be referred to below as axis of inclination A of reflection assembly 44.
  • the axis of propagation Pr corresponds to the direction in which the reflection assembly 44 is capable of transmitting electromagnetic signals emitted by the radiating source 43 and in which the reflection assembly 44 is capable of receiving electromagnetic signals to transmit them to the radiating source 43.
  • the axis of propagation Pr is perpendicular to the second axis Y. Moreover, in the position of the reflection assembly 44 represented on the figure 1 , the axis of propagation Pr is parallel to the third axis Z and the plane formed by the axis of propagation Pr and the second axis Y is perpendicular to the first axis X.
  • the rotary assembly 45 is rotatably mounted on the second rotary support 42, around the second axis and is integral with the fixing means 49 of the reflection assembly 44.
  • the rotation of the rotary assembly 45 around the second axis Y causes the rotation of the reflection assembly 44 around the radiating source 43.
  • the second actuator is for example integrated into the second rotary support 42 and is connected to the rotary assembly 45 to animate this assembly with a rotational movement.
  • the second actuator is for example substantially similar to the first actuator and is in particular in the form of an electric motor. This motor is then connected to a rotary shaft included in the rotary assembly 45.
  • the second actuator is powered by electrical power signals from the satellite enabling its operation to be activated in order to reach an angle of inclination ⁇ of the desired reflection assembly 44.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the reflection assembly 44 corresponds to the angle formed between the axis of inclination A (visible in particular on the figure 6 ) of the reflection assembly 44 and the third axis Z.
  • the second actuator is for example configured to vary the angle of inclination ⁇ of the reflection assembly 44 between ⁇ 30° and 30° or preferably between ⁇ 60° and 60°.
  • the first and second guide means 36, 46 make it possible to guide electromagnetic signals within the antenna 10. These means will be explained in more detail with reference to the figure 2 And 3 respectively illustrating a view in perspective and an exploded perspective view of the radiofrequency chain 11.
  • radiofrequency chain is meant all the components of the first and second parts 21, 22 of the antenna 10 participating in the transmission of electromagnetic signals within antenna 10.
  • the radio frequency chain 11 is composed of the radiating source 43, second guide means 46, rotary joint 23 and first guide means 36.
  • the first guide means 36 allow the electromagnetic connection means of the satellite to be connected to the rotary joint 23 and the second guide means 46 allow the rotary joint 23 to be connected to the radiating source 43.
  • the first guide means 36 have four transmission paths formed of waveguides and/or coaxial cables which are angled appropriately depending on the arrangement of the electromagnetic connection means of the satellite and of the rotary joint 23.
  • Each transmission channel of the first guide means 36 is a radiofrequency access channel to the rotary joint 23.
  • two channels make it possible to carry out the transmission of the electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations and the other two channels make it possible to carry out the reception of the electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the second guide means 46 have four transmission paths formed of waveguides and/or coaxial cables which are angled appropriately depending on the arrangement of the rotating joint 23 and the radiating source 43.
  • these waveguides and/or these cables are bent so that the electromagnetic signals received by the radiating source 43 along the second axis Y are propagated towards the rotary joint 23 along axes parallel to the first axis X and that the electromagnetic signals from the rotary joint 23 along axes parallel to the first axis X are propagated along the second axis Y in the radiating source 43.
  • two transmission paths of the second guide means 46 make it possible to carry out the transmission of the electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations and the two other paths make it possible to carry out the reception of the electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations.
  • these means comprise an exciter capable of reinforcing and/or polarizing the electromagnetic signals passing through the corresponding transmission paths, according to methods known per se. .
  • the exciter makes it possible both to generate the desired polarization for transmission and to receive the desired polarization in reception.
  • the second guide means 46 comprise as many exciters as horns necessary to carry out the mission of the antenna 10.
  • the rotary joint 23 comprises a stator 51, a rotor 52, a stator cover 53 and a rotor cover 54.
  • the rotary joint 23 has the shape of a center ring sector arranged on an axis of rotation defined by the joint which coincides with the first axis X.
  • This sector has a variable opening angle depending on the position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51 to vary for example between substantially 160° in a position of minimum opening and substantially 220° in two positions of maximum opening.
  • this sector defines a plurality of radial directions extending from the center of the ring towards its periphery and a plurality of circumferential directions extending along concentric circles arranged around the first axis X.
  • each radial direction and each circumferential direction are located in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and, in the embodiment of the figure 1 , perpendicular to the base plane 12.
  • the rotor 52 and the rotor cover 54 are fixed to the second part 22 of the antenna 10 and in particular to the second rotating support 42.
  • the stator 51 and the stator cover 53 are fixed to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 and in particular to the antenna support 30.
  • the stator 51 has the shape of a ring sector with a constant aperture and a center arranged on the first axis X.
  • the opening angle of this sector is for example substantially equal to 160°.
  • the stator 51 is made for example from a single piece of conductive material.
  • the stator 51 comprises a transmission surface 61 arranged facing the rotor 52 and a fixing surface 62 covered by the stator cover 53.
  • the transmission surface 61 comprises main means 64 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals projecting from the transmission surface 61 and forming two transmission channels 65A and 65B of the electromagnetic signals.
  • Each of these transmission channels 65A, 65B extends along a circumferential direction 66A, 66B and is delimited by means 64 along each radial and circumferential direction passing through this channel.
  • the width of each of these channels 65A, 65B that is to say its extent in each radial direction, is for example substantially equal to 7 mm.
  • the transmission channel 65A extending along the circumferential direction 66A farther from the first axis X than the circumferential direction 66B, is intended to transmit electromagnetic signals for transmission by the antenna 10, that is to say the signals Tx type.
  • the transmission channel 65B extending along the circumferential direction 66B closer to the first axis X than the circumferential direction 66A, is intended to transmit electromagnetic signals received by the antenna 10, that is to say signals of the type Rx.
  • the main means of delimitation 64 are in the form of a plurality of studs spaced apart from each other in a homogeneous manner. These pads have for example a cylindrical shape with a diameter of between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
  • the pads delimiting the same transmission channel 65A, 65B are of the same dimensions and are distributed over the transmission surface 61 along several circumferential directions on either side of the corresponding transmission channel and at each end of this channel along several radial directions. .
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65A and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65A and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • a circumferential direction 67A, 67B on each side of the channel 65A and a radial direction 68A, 68B at each end of this channel are illustrated.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B are distributed along three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65B and along three radial directions at each end of this channel. For reasons of simplicity, on the figure 5 , only one circumferential direction 67C, 67D on each side of the channel 65B and a radial direction 68C, 68D at each end of this channel, are illustrated.
  • the spacing pitch of two neighboring studs in the corresponding circumferential or radial direction is for example substantially equal to 3.5 mm.
  • the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A is substantially greater than the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B, i.e. to the channel for Rx type signals.
  • the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A is for example substantially equal to 3 mm and the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B is for example substantially equal to 2 mm.
  • the transmission surface 61 defines an opening 71 to 74 leading respectively to a waveguide 75 to 78 formed between the fixing surface 62 and the stator cover 53.
  • Each waveguide 75 to 78 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and is angled appropriately to connect the corresponding transmission path to the first guide means 36.
  • the rotor 52 has the shape of a ring sector of constant aperture substantially similar to that of the stator 51.
  • the opening of this sector is for example substantially equal to 160° and the center of this sector is arranged on the first axis X.
  • the rotor 52 is made for example of a single piece of conductive material and has a transmission surface 81 and a fixing surface 82 covered by the rotor cover 54.
  • transmission surface 81 of rotor 52 is arranged substantially entirely opposite transmission surface 61 of stator 51.
  • part of the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 is arranged opposite a part of the transmission surface 61 of the stator 51. Moreover, in each of the maximum opening positions, the surface of the facing parts is minimal.
  • the first position of maximum opening is obtained by rotating the rotor 52 around the first axis X counterclockwise.
  • the second position of maximum opening is obtained by rotating the rotor 52 around the first axis X in the clockwise direction.
  • the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 is separated from the transmission surface 61 of the stator 51 along the first axis X, by a spacing value equal for example substantially to 0 .5mm.
  • the transmission surfaces 61, 81 form between them an electromagnetic signal transmission plane.
  • This plane is perpendicular to the first axis X and includes in any position of the rotor 52 with respect to the stator 51 four electromagnetic signal transmission paths as will be explained later.
  • the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 comprises two flat surfaces 83A, 83B and complementary means 84 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals.
  • Each flat surface 83A, 83B is associated with one of the transmission channels 65A, 65B of the stator 51 and is intended to entirely cover this channel 65A, 65B with the main delimiting means 64 associated with this channel 65A, 65B, when the rotary joint 23 is in the minimum open position.
  • each flat surface 83A, 83B has a circumferential shape.
  • the flat surfaces 83A, 83B are arranged in a stepped manner. So, in the example of the figure 4 , the flat surface 83B less spaced from the first axis X protrudes with respect to the flat surface 83A by a value substantially equal to the differences in the heights of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A and those associated with the transmission channel 65B.
  • the complementary means 84 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals are arranged on each of the flat surfaces 83A, 83B and protrude with respect to this surface 83A, 83B.
  • the complementary delimiting means 84 arranged on the flat surface 83A are received in the transmission channel 65A in a movable manner with the rotation of the rotor 52 so that in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51, these means divide the channel corresponding transmission path into two complementary circumferential transmission paths.
  • the complementary delimiting means 84 arranged on the flat surface 83B are received in the transmission channel 65B in a movable manner with the rotation of the rotor 52 so that in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51, these means divide the corresponding transmission channel into two complementary circumferential transmission paths.
  • the complementary means of delimitation 84 are in the form of a plurality of studs arranged in several radial directions on either side of a central radial direction 86 of the transmission surface 81 and possibly, along this same central radial direction 86.
  • central radial direction is meant the radial direction passing through the middle of the sector of the rotor 52, that is to say the radial direction dividing the transmission surface 81 into two substantially equivalent parts.
  • the studs are arranged in the central radial direction 86 and in two other radial directions arranged on each side of the central radial direction.
  • the pads arranged on the flat surface 83A are analogous to the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A and the pads arranged on the flat surface 83B are analogous to the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B.
  • Each flat surface 83A, 83B defines two openings 91 to 94 arranged on either side of the central radial direction 86.
  • Each of these openings 91 to 94 is adjacent to the complementary delimiting means 84 so that in any position of the rotor 52 with respect to the stator 51, it opens on one side on one of the transmission channels 65A, 65B and on the other side, on a waveguide 95 to 98 formed between the fixing surface 82 and the cover rotor 54.
  • Each waveguide 95 to 98 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and is angled appropriately by connecting the corresponding transmission path to the second guide means 46.
  • the cooperation of the rotor 52 with the stator 51 forms in any position of the rotor 52 with respect to the stator 51 four paths for transmitting electromagnetic signals between the first part 21 of the antenna 10 and the second part 22.
  • the path formed between the openings 71 and 91 and the path formed between the openings 74 and 94 are intended to transmit the electromagnetic signals for emission via the radiating source 43.
  • the path formed between the openings 72 and 92 and the path formed between the openings 73 and 93 are intended to transmit the electromagnetic signals received by the radiating source 43.
  • figure 6 illustrates in its upper part three different positions of the second part 22 with respect to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 during the rotation of the second part 22 with respect to the first axis which is then perpendicular to the plane of the upper part of there figure 6 .
  • the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna 10 formed between the second axis Y and the base plane 12 is equal to 0°.
  • the rotary joint 23 is therefore in its minimum open position.
  • the first actuator is powered by the satellite to rotate the second part 22 of the antenna clockwise or counterclockwise around the first axis X, depending on the sign of the corresponding power signals.
  • the second part 22 is turned around the first axis X counterclockwise to reach the angle of elevation ⁇ substantially equal to ⁇ 30°.
  • the rotary joint 23 is therefore in its first position of maximum opening.
  • the second part 22 In the position on the right, the second part 22 is turned around the first axis X in the clockwise direction to reach the angle of elevation ⁇ substantially equal to 30°. In this position, the rotary joint 23 is therefore in its second position of maximum opening.
  • the figure 6 illustrates three different positions of the reflection assembly 44 with respect for example to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 during the rotation of the reflection assembly 44 around the second axis Y which is then perpendicular to the plane of the part lower part of the figure 6 .
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ formed between the axis of inclination A and the third axis Z is equal to 0°.
  • the second actuator is powered by the satellite to rotate the reflection assembly 44 clockwise or counterclockwise around the second axis Y, depending on the sign of the signals d corresponding power supply.
  • the reflection assembly 44 is rotated around the second axis Y counterclockwise to reach the angle of inclination ⁇ substantially equal to ⁇ 30°.
  • the reflection assembly 44 is rotated around the second axis Y in the clockwise direction to reach the angle of inclination ⁇ substantially equal to 30°.
  • the antenna according to the invention is particularly simple in manufacture and in assembly because the electromagnetic connection between the first and the second parts of this antenna is ensured by using a very small number of parts.
  • this connection is ensured entirely by the rotating joint which may be composed solely of a stator and a rotor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Drehbare Antenne (10) umfassend:
    - einen ersten Abschnitt (21);
    - einen zweiten Abschnitt (22), der in Bezug auf den ersten Abschnitt (21) um eine Drehachse (X) drehbar ist; und
    - eine Drehgelenk (23) zum Verbinden des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts (21, 22) der Antenne (10) und zum Übertragen elektromagnetischer Signale zwischen diesen Abschnitten (21, 22), die eine Form eines Ringsektors mit einer variablen Öffnung aufweist und die Drehachse (X) definiert, die durch die Ringmitte verläuft, wobei sich eine Vielzahl von radialen Richtungen (68A, 68B) von der Ringmitte zu ihrem Umfang erstreckt und eine Vielzahl von Umfangsrichtungen (66A, 66B, 67A, ..., 67D), die sich entlang konzentrischer Kreise erstrecken, die um die Drehachse (X) angeordnet sind;
    wobei das Drehgelenk (23) Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Stator (51), der dazu bestimmt ist, an dem ersten Abschnitt (21) der Antenne (10) befestigt zu werden, und der eine Übertragungsfläche (61) für die elektromagnetischen Signale definiert, die senkrecht zu der Drehachse (X) ist;
    - einen Rotor (52), der dazu bestimmt ist, an dem zweiten Abschnitt (22) der Antenne (10) befestigt zu werden, und der eine Übertragungsfläche (81) für die elektromagnetischen Signale definiert, die senkrecht zu der Drehachse (X) ist;
    wobei eine der Übertragungsflächen (61, 81) Hauptbegrenzungseinrichtungen (64) für die elektromagnetischen Signale und die andere komplementäre Begrenzungseinrichtungen (84) für die elektromagnetischen Signale umfasst;
    wobei der Rotor (52) in Bezug auf den Stator (51) um die Drehachse (X) drehbar montiert ist, sodass in jeder Position des Rotors (52) mindestens ein Abschnitt der Übertragungsfläche (81) des Rotors (52) gegenüber mindestens einem Teil der Übertragungsfläche (61) des Stators (51) angeordnet ist;
    in jeder Position des Rotors (52), wobei die einander gegenüberliegenden Abschnitte der Übertragungsflächen (61, 81) des Rotors (52) und des Stators (51) untereinander mindestens einen Übertragungsweg für die elektromagnetischen Signale bilden, wobei der Übertragungsweg durch die Haupt- und komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (64, 84) begrenzt ist und sich entlang einer Umfangsrichtung (66A, 66B) erstreckt;
    die Haupt- und komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (64, 84) in Form einer Vielzahl von voneinander beabstandeten Noppen vorliegen;
    die Hauptbegrenzungseinrichtungen (64) von der entsprechenden Übertragungsfläche (61) hervorstehen, um mindestens einen Übertragungskanal (65A, 65B) zu bilden, der sich in einer Umfangsrichtung (66A, 66B) erstreckt und durch diese Begrenzungseinrichtungen in jeder radialen und Umfangsrichtung, die durch diesen Kanal verläuft, begrenzt ist;
    in der in jeder Position des Rotors (52) die einander gegenüberliegenden Abschnitte der Übertragungsflächen (61, 81) des Rotors (52) und des Stators (51) untereinander mindestens zwei Übertragungswege für die elektromagnetischen Signale bilden, die als Umfangswege bezeichnet werden, wobei die Umfangswege durch die Haupt- und komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (64, 84) begrenzt sind und sich in derselben Umfangsrichtung (66A, 66B) erstrecken.
  2. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei in jeder Position des Rotors (52) die einander gegenüberliegenden Abschnitte der Übertragungsflächen des Rotors (52) und des Stators (51) untereinander mindestens zwei Übertragungswege für elektromagnetische Signale bilden, die als radiale Wege bezeichnet werden, wobei die radialen Wege durch die Haupt- und komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (64, 84) begrenzt sind und sich in unterschiedlichen Umfangsrichtungen (66A, 66B) erstrecken.
  3. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei:
    - der radiale Weg, der sich in der Umfangsrichtung (66B) näher an der Drehachse (X) als die Umfangsrichtung (66A) des anderen radialen Wegs oder jedes anderen radialen Wegs erstreckt, zum Senden von elektromagnetischen Signalen dient, die von der Antenne (10) empfangen werden; und
    - der radiale Weg, der sich entlang der Umfangsrichtung (66A) erstreckt, die weiter von der Drehachse (X) entfernt ist als die Umfangsrichtung (66B) des anderen radialen Wegs und jedes anderen radialen Wegs, dazu bestimmt ist, elektromagnetische Signale zur Ausstrahlung durch die Antenne (10) zu übertragen.
  4. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (84) von der entsprechenden Übertragungsfläche (81) hervorstehen und in dem oder jedem Übertragungskanal (65A, 65B) beweglich aufgenommen sind, um die Umfangserstreckung dieses Kanals abhängig von der Position des Rotors (52) zu begrenzen;
    wobei der oder jeder Übertragungsweg durch einen Abschnitt gebildet ist, der durch die komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (84) des Übertragungswegs oder eines der Übertragungswege (65A, 65B) begrenzt ist.
  5. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Umfangswege durch benachbarte Abschnitte desselben Übertragungswegs (65A, 65B) gebildet sind, der durch die komplementären Begrenzungseinrichtungen (84) geteilt wird.
  6. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei:
    - für den oder jeden Übertragungsweg (65A, 65B) die Übertragungsfläche (61) des Stators (51) mindestens eine Öffnung (71, ..., 74) definiert, die an einem der Enden dieses Wegs angeordnet ist;
    - für die oder jede Öffnung (71, ..., 74) der Übertragungsfläche (61) des Stators (51) die Übertragungsfläche (81) des Rotors (52) eine Öffnung (91, ..., 94) definiert, die in der gleichen Umfangsrichtung wie diese Öffnung (71, ..., 74) der Übertragungsfläche (61) des Stators (51) angeordnet ist;
    der oder jeder Übertragungsweg sich zwischen der Öffnung oder einer der Öffnungen (71, ..., 74) der Übertragungsfläche (61) des Stators (51) und der Öffnung (91, ..., 94) der Übertragungsfläche (81) des Rotors (52), die ihm entspricht, erstreckt.
  7. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Noppen der Hauptbegrenzungseinrichtungen (64) auf der entsprechenden Übertragungsfläche (61) in mehreren Umfangsrichtungen und mehreren radialen Richtungen verteilt sind.
  8. Drehbare Antenne (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Übertragungsflächen (61, 81) des Rotors (51) und des Stators (52) entlang der Drehachse (X) voneinander beabstandet sind, ohne Berührungspunkte zu bilden.
EP18195345.6A 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Drehgelenk für eine drehantenne, und ein solches gelenk umfassende drehantenne Active EP3457489B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1700950A FR3071363B1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2017-09-19 Joint tournant pour une antenne rotative et antenne rotative comportant un tel joint

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EP3457489A1 EP3457489A1 (de) 2019-03-20
EP3457489C0 EP3457489C0 (de) 2023-06-07
EP3457489B1 true EP3457489B1 (de) 2023-06-07

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US (1) US10581130B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3457489B1 (de)
CA (1) CA3018002A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2950474T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3071363B1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3090216B1 (fr) 2018-12-18 2020-12-18 Thales Sa Joint tournant radiofrequence rf pour dispositif rotatif de guidage d’ondes rf et dispositif rotatif rf incluant un tel joint
DE102020133081A1 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Anschlusseinrichtung zum Anschließen einer elektrischen Leitung
CN115799777A (zh) * 2022-08-19 2023-03-14 西安空间无线电技术研究所 一种双通道同轴天线旋转关节

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3209906A1 (de) * 1982-03-18 1984-02-02 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Hohlleiter-drehkupplung
US8180187B2 (en) * 2008-10-15 2012-05-15 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for gimbal mounted optical communication device
EP2343774A4 (de) * 2008-10-29 2013-11-27 Panasonic Corp Hochfrequenzwellenleiter und phasenverschieber damit, heizkörper, elektronische vorrichtung mit besagtem phasenverschieber und dem heizkörper, antennenvorrichtung sowie elektronische vorrichtung damit
FR2939971B1 (fr) 2008-12-16 2011-02-11 Thales Sa Ensemble d'excitation compact pour la generation d'une polarisation circulaire dans une antenne et procede d'elaboration d'un tel ensemble d'excitation
US9093742B2 (en) * 2011-10-17 2015-07-28 McDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Corporation Wide scan steerable antenna with no key-hole
FR2984612B1 (fr) * 2011-12-20 2014-08-22 Thales Sa Joint tournant hyperfrequence
EP2996197B1 (de) * 2014-09-10 2021-10-20 MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Corporation Schwenkbare antenne mit breitem scanbereich
US9819082B2 (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-11-14 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Hybrid electronic/mechanical scanning array antenna
FR3029018B1 (fr) 2014-11-26 2016-12-30 Thales Sa Module compact d'excitation radiofrequence a cinematique integree et antenne compacte biaxe comportantau moins un tel module compact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3457489A1 (de) 2019-03-20
FR3071363B1 (fr) 2019-09-06
US20190089029A1 (en) 2019-03-21
FR3071363A1 (fr) 2019-03-22
US10581130B2 (en) 2020-03-03
ES2950474T3 (es) 2023-10-10
CA3018002A1 (fr) 2019-03-19
EP3457489C0 (de) 2023-06-07

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