EP3457490B1 - Biaxiale antenne, die einen ersten festen teil, einen zweiten sich drehenden teil und ein drehgelenk umfasst - Google Patents

Biaxiale antenne, die einen ersten festen teil, einen zweiten sich drehenden teil und ein drehgelenk umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3457490B1
EP3457490B1 EP18195536.0A EP18195536A EP3457490B1 EP 3457490 B1 EP3457490 B1 EP 3457490B1 EP 18195536 A EP18195536 A EP 18195536A EP 3457490 B1 EP3457490 B1 EP 3457490B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
axis
transmission
electromagnetic signals
stator
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18195536.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3457490A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Ferrando
Jerome Brossier
Yann Cailloce
Jérôme LORENZO
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Publication of EP3457490A1 publication Critical patent/EP3457490A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/428—Collapsible radomes; rotatable, tiltable radomes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/063—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with a limited angle of rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/068—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in at least one ring-shaped transmission line located around the axis of rotation, e.g. "around the mast" rotary joint
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
    • H01Q1/1264—Adjusting different parts or elements of an aerial unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/192—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
    • H01Q3/20—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a two-axis antenna comprising a first fixed part, a second rotating part and a rotating joint.
  • Such an antenna has great pointing agility in azimuth and in elevation, and can be used in particular in the space field. More particularly, it can be mounted on satellites having a reduced exterior surface while ensuring the reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals for a wide bandwidth.
  • the document FR 3 029 018 describes a two-axis antenna comprising a fixed part installed on a base and a rotating part mounted on this fixed part.
  • the antenna further comprises a first actuator allowing the rotating part to rotate about a first axis of rotation perpendicular to the base to modify the azimuth angle of the antenna.
  • the fixed and rotating parts of this antenna are connected by a connecting device arranged between them along the first axis of rotation and making it possible to transmit electromagnetic signals between these parts.
  • this connection device is composed of a rotating joint and two exciters placed on either side of the rotating joint and making it possible to produce radiofrequency waves either in the fundamental electromagnetic mode with circular polarization or in the electromagnetic mode. with symmetry of revolution.
  • the rotating joint forms a waveguide with a circular section allowing in particular the propagation of two electromagnetic signals in cross-polarization between the two exciters.
  • the rotating part of this antenna comprises in particular a reflection assembly made up of a reflector and a mirror arranged one opposite the other to direct electromagnetic signals emitted by a radiating source in a field of visibility of the antenna or to receive electromagnetic signals from this area.
  • the radiating source is connected to the connection module via in particular an exciter.
  • the rotating part defines a second axis of rotation and comprises a second actuator capable of rotating for example the mirror around this second axis of rotation in order to modify the angle of inclination of this mirror with respect to the reflector.
  • the aiming of such an antenna according to a given azimuth angle and a given elevation angle is carried out by appropriately actuating the first and the second actuators.
  • this antenna does not make it possible to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals with a bandwidth of greater than 1 GHz without significant degradation of the performance of the antenna.
  • Rotary joints are also known for transmitting radio signals between a fixed part and a moving part, as described in the documents.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose an antenna making it possible to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals with a bandwidth of width substantially equal to 3 GHz while ensuring good performance of this antenna.
  • the invention relates to a two-axis antenna comprising a first part intended to be fixed on a base defining a base plane, a second part mounted to rotate about a first axis, on the first part, and a rotating joint disposed between the first and second parts; the second part comprising a radiating source capable of emitting and receiving electromagnetic signals; a reflection assembly comprising a reflector arranged opposite the radiating source and a mirror arranged around the radiating source and connected to the reflector in an inclined manner relative to the latter, the reflector defining a reflector top, a focus and a second axis passing through the reflector top and the focal point, the reflection assembly being rotatable about the second axis.
  • the rotary joint is able to transmit electromagnetic signals between the first and the second parts via at least one transmission path included in a transmission plane substantially perpendicular to the first axis.
  • the first and second parts are arranged so that in any position of the second part and of the reflection assembly, the first axis is substantially perpendicular to the second axis.
  • the subject of the invention is also a rotating joint for a rotating antenna comprising a first part and a second rotating part relative to the first part, the rotating joint being intended to connect the first and the second parts of the antenna and to transmit electromagnetic signals between these parts, having the shape of a ring sector with a variable opening and defining an axis of rotation passing through the ring center, a plurality of radial directions extending from the ring center towards its periphery and a plurality of circumferential directions extending in concentric circles arranged around the axis of rotation.
  • the rotating joint comprises a stator intended to be fixed to the first part of the antenna and defining a surface for transmitting electromagnetic signals, perpendicular to the axis of rotation; and a rotor intended to be fixed on the second part of the antenna and defining a surface for transmitting electromagnetic signals, perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • One of the transmission surfaces comprises main means for delimiting the electromagnetic signals and the other comprising complementary means for delimiting the electromagnetic signals.
  • the rotor is mounted to rotate relative to the stator about the axis of rotation so that in any position of the rotor, at least part of the transmission surface of the rotor is disposed opposite at least part of the surface stator transmission.
  • the parts facing the transmission surfaces of the rotor and of the stator form between them at least one transmission path for electromagnetic signals, the transmission path being delimited by the main and complementary delimiting means and extending in a circumferential direction.
  • Antenna 10 of the figure 1 can be used in particular in the space field to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals in the Ka band in bipolarization. These electromagnetic signals therefore present radio waves.
  • the antenna 10 forms a radiofrequency chain 11 composed of four channels for transmitting electromagnetic signals among which two channels are reception channels, that is to say Rx type channels, and the other two channels are emission, that is to say Tx type channels.
  • the antenna 10 is for example mounted on an external surface of a satellite (not shown) arranged in a low earth orbit for example.
  • a satellite not shown
  • Such an external surface comprises a base comprising means for mechanical fixing and means for electromagnetic connection of the antenna 10 to the satellite.
  • the mechanical fixing means make it possible to mechanically fix the antenna 10 to the base.
  • the electromagnetic connection means make it possible to ensure the transmission of all the electromagnetic signals between the antenna 10 and the satellite such as for example signals received by the antenna 10, signals intended for transmission by the antenna 10 as well as the power supply signals from the antenna 10.
  • the base arranged on the outer surface of the satellite also has at least locally a base plane 12 visible on the figure 1 .
  • the base has any other shape suitable for fixing the antenna 10 in a manner known per se.
  • the term “base plane” is understood to mean a plane formed by any three points of contact of the antenna 10 with the base.
  • the antenna 10 comprises a first part 21 intended to be fixed on the base, a second part 22 mounted to rotate about a first axis X, on the first part 21, and a rotating joint 23 arranged between the first and the second parts 21, 22.
  • the first part 21 comprises an antenna support 30, a rotary support 31, a first actuator (not visible on the figure 1 ) and first guide means 36 (shown schematically by a parallelepiped on the figure 1 ) connecting the antenna 10 to the electromagnetic connection means of the antenna 10.
  • the antenna support 30 has a mechanical structure necessary to support all the components of the antenna 10.
  • the antenna support 30 allows the attachment of the antenna 10 to the base and in particular to the plane d. 'base 12 via the mechanical fixing means mentioned above.
  • the rotary support 31 has a mechanical connection of the second part 22 of the antenna 10 to the first part 21.
  • the rotary support has a rotary shaft with respect to the first part 21 and integral with the second part 22. This shaft is arranged along the first axis X.
  • the first actuator is able to animate the rotary support 31 with a rotary movement around the first axis X to rotate the second part 22 of the antenna 10 with respect to this axis X.
  • the first actuator has, for example, an electric motor integrated into the antenna support 30 and when the rotary support 31 is in the form of a rotary shaft, capable of driving this shaft with a rotary movement.
  • a motor is connected to the first guide means 36 to receive electrical supply signals from the satellite. These signals make it possible in particular to activate the operation of the motor in order to turn the rotary support 31 and to reach a desired elevation angle ⁇ .
  • the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna 10 corresponds in particular to the angle formed between a second Y axis and the base plane 12.
  • the second Y axis is perpendicular to the first X axis and to a third perpendicular Z axis. to the base plane 12.
  • the first actuator is for example configured to vary the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna between -30 ° and 30 ° or preferably between -60 ° and 60 °.
  • the second part 22 of the antenna 10 comprises a second rotary support 42, a radiating source 43, a reflection assembly 44, a rotary assembly 45, a second actuator (not visible on the figure 1 ) and second guiding means 46 of the electromagnetic signals.
  • the second rotary support 42 has a mechanical structure capable of supporting all the components of the second part 22 of the antenna 10. It also allows to fix the second part 22 of the antenna 10 to the first part 21 in a rotary manner about the first axis X.
  • the second rotary support 42 is integral with this shaft.
  • the radiating source 43 is capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and is for example in the form of a horn for transmitting and receiving radio waves, known per se.
  • the radiating source 43 is in the form of a plurality of horns for transmitting and / or receiving radio waves.
  • the radiating source 43 is fixedly mounted on the second rotary support 42 and is directed along the second Y axis.
  • the radiating source 43 When the radiating source 43 is in the form of a single horn, this horn is therefore directed along the second Y axis.
  • maximization of efficiency of the antenna requires that the cones be directed towards the center of a reflector 47 of the reflection assembly 44. However, for reasons of cost of the solution, the cones can be directed along the second Y axis.
  • the reflection assembly 44 comprises a mirror 48 arranged around the radiating source 43 and fixing means 49.
  • the reflector 47 is arranged opposite the radiating source 43 and has for example a symmetrical parabolic shape defining a reflector top S and a focus F which are visible on the figure 1 .
  • the reflector top S has for example the point of symmetry of the reflector 47.
  • the reflector top S and the focal point F are arranged on the second axis Y.
  • the mirror 48 is for example a flat ring-shaped mirror in the center of which the radiating source 43 is arranged.
  • the mirror 48 defines a mirror plane and is arranged so that the first axis X is parallel to the plane. mirror or included therein.
  • the fixing means 49 make it possible, on the one hand, to fix the mirror 48 to the rotary assembly 45 and, on the other hand, the reflector 47 to the mirror 48.
  • the fixing means 49 are in the form of a plurality of brackets arranged at different levels with respect to the second axis Y.
  • two braces are arranged parallel to each other in the part of the reflection assembly 44 having the shortest distance between the reflector 47 and the mirror 48, and two braces are arranged parallel to each other in the part of the reflection assembly 44 having half of the longest distance between the reflector 47 and the mirror 48.
  • An axis perpendicular to the plane formed by these last two bracons and passing through the center of mirror 48 will be designated hereinafter by tilt axis A of the reflection assembly 44.
  • the propagation axis Pr corresponds to the direction in which the reflection assembly 44 is able to transmit electromagnetic signals emitted by the radiating source 43 and according to which the reflection assembly 44 is able to receive electromagnetic signals. to transmit them to the radiating source 43.
  • the axis of propagation Pr is perpendicular to the second axis Y. Moreover, in the position of the reflection assembly 44 shown in the figure. figure 1 , the axis of propagation Pr is parallel to the third axis Z and the plane formed by the axis of propagation Pr and the second axis Y is perpendicular to the first axis X.
  • the rotary assembly 45 is rotatably mounted on the second rotary support 42, around the second axis and is integral with the fixing means 49 of the reflection assembly 44.
  • the rotation of the rotary assembly 45 about the second axis Y causes the reflection assembly 44 to rotate around the radiating source 43.
  • the second actuator is for example integrated into the second rotary support 42 and is connected to the rotary assembly 45 to animate this assembly with a rotational movement.
  • the second actuator is for example substantially similar to the first actuator and is in particular in the form of an electric motor. This motor is then connected to a rotary shaft included in the rotary assembly 45.
  • the second actuator is supplied with power supply signals from the satellite making it possible to activate its operation in order to reach a desired angle of inclination ⁇ of the reflection assembly 44.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the reflection assembly 44 corresponds to the angle formed between the axis of inclination A (visible in particular on the figure 6 ) of the reflection assembly 44 and the third axis Z.
  • the second actuator is for example configured to vary the angle of inclination ⁇ of the reflection assembly 44 between -30 ° and 30 ° or preferably between -60 ° and 60 °.
  • the first and second guide means 36, 46 make it possible to guide electromagnetic signals within the antenna 10. These means will be explained. in more detail with reference to figures 2 and 3 respectively illustrating a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of the radiofrequency chain 11.
  • radiofrequency chain is meant all the components of the first and of the second parts 21, 22 of the antenna 10 participating in the transmission of electromagnetic signals within the antenna 10.
  • the radiofrequency chain 11 is composed of the radiating source 43, the second guide means 46, the rotary joint 23 and the first guide means 36.
  • the first guide means 36 make it possible to connect the means for electromagnetic connection of the satellite to the rotary joint 23 and the second guide means 46 make it possible to connect the rotary joint 23 to the radiating source 43.
  • the first guide means 36 have four transmission paths formed of waveguides or / and coaxial cables which are bent appropriately according to the arrangement of the electromagnetic connection means of the satellite and of the rotary joint 23.
  • Each transmission path of the first guide means 36 is a radiofrequency access path to the rotary joint 23.
  • two channels allow the transmission of electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations and the other two channels allow reception of electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the second guide means 46 have four transmission paths formed of waveguides or / and coaxial cables which are bent appropriately depending on the arrangement of the rotating joint 23 and the radiating source 43.
  • these waveguides and / or these cables are bent so that the electromagnetic signals received by the radiating source 43 along the second Y axis are propagated towards the rotating joint 23 along axes parallel to the first X axis and that the electromagnetic signals from the rotating joint 23 along axes parallel to the first axis X are propagated along the second axis Y in the radiating source 43.
  • two transmission channels of the second guide means 46 enable the transmission of electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations and the other two channels enable reception of electromagnetic signals for two orthogonal polarizations.
  • these means comprise an exciter capable of reinforcing and / or of polarizing the electromagnetic signals passing through the corresponding transmission paths, according to methods known per se .
  • the exciter makes it possible both to generate the desired polarization for transmission and to receive the desired polarization on reception.
  • the second guide means 46 comprise as many exciters as there are horns necessary for carrying out the mission of the antenna 10.
  • the rotary joint 23 has a stator 51, a rotor 52, a stator cover 53 and a rotor cover 54.
  • the rotary joint 23 has the shape of a center ring sector disposed on an axis of rotation defined by the joint which coincides with the first axis X.
  • This sector has a variable opening angle as a function of the position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51 to vary for example between substantially 160 ° in a minimum opening position and substantially 220 ° in two maximum opening positions.
  • this sector defines a plurality of radial directions extending from the ring center towards its periphery and a plurality of circumferential directions extending along concentric circles arranged around the first axis X.
  • each radial direction and each circumferential direction are located in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and, in the exemplary embodiment of the figure 1 , perpendicular to the base plane 12.
  • the rotor 52 and the rotor cover 54 are fixed to the second part 22 of the antenna 10 and in particular to the second rotating support 42.
  • the stator 51 and the stator cover 53 are fixed to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 and in particular to the antenna support 30.
  • the stator 51 has the shape of a ring sector of constant opening and center disposed on the first axis X.
  • the opening angle of this sector is for example substantially equal to 160 °.
  • the stator 51 is made, for example, from a single piece of a conductive material.
  • the stator 51 comprises a transmission surface 61 arranged opposite the rotor 52 and an attachment surface 62 covered by the stator cover 53.
  • the transmission surface 61 comprises main means 64 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals protruding from the transmission surface 61 and forming two transmission channels 65A and 65B of the electromagnetic signals.
  • Each of these transmission channels 65A, 65B extends in a circumferential direction 66A, 66B and is delimited by the means 64 in each radial and circumferential direction passing through this channel.
  • the width of each of these channels 65A, 65B that is to say its extent in each radial direction, is for example substantially equal to 7 mm.
  • the transmission channel 65A extending in the circumferential direction 66A more distant from the first axis X than the circumferential direction 66B, is intended to transmit electromagnetic signals for transmission by the antenna 10, that is to say the signals Tx type.
  • the transmission channel 65B extending in the circumferential direction 66B closer to the first axis X than the circumferential direction 66A, is intended to transmit electromagnetic signals received by the antenna 10, that is to say the signals of the type Rx.
  • the main delimitation means 64 are in the form of a plurality of studs spaced apart from one another in a homogeneous manner. These studs have for example a cylindrical shape with a diameter of between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
  • the pads delimiting the same transmission channel 65A, 65B are of the same dimensions and are distributed on the transmission surface 61 in several circumferential directions on either side of the corresponding transmission channel and at each end of this channel in several radial directions. .
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65A and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65A and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • a circumferential direction 67A, 67B on each side of the channel 65A and a radial direction 68A, 68B at each end of this channel are illustrated.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65B and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65B and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B are distributed in three circumferential directions on either side of the channel 65B and in three radial directions at each end of this channel.
  • only one circumferential direction 67C, 67D on each side of the channel 65B and a radial direction 68C, 68D at each end of this channel are illustrated.
  • the spacing pitch of two neighboring studs in the corresponding circumferential or radial direction is for example substantially equal to 3.5 mm.
  • the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A is substantially greater than the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B, that is to say to the channel for Rx type signals.
  • the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A is for example substantially equal to 3 mm and the height of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B is for example substantially equal to 2 mm.
  • the transmission surface 61 defines an opening 71 to 74 opening out respectively to a waveguide 75 to 78 formed between the fixing surface 62 and the stator cover 53.
  • Each waveguide 75 to 78 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and is bent appropriately to connect the corresponding transmission path to the first guide means 36.
  • the rotor 52 has the shape of a constant aperture ring sector substantially similar to that of the stator 51.
  • the opening of this sector is for example substantially equal to 160 ° and the center of this sector is arranged on the first axis X.
  • the rotor 52 is made, for example, from a single piece of a conductive material and comprises a transmission surface 81 and a fixing surface 82 covered by the rotor cover 54.
  • the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 is disposed substantially entirely opposite the transmission surface 61 of the stator 51.
  • part of the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 is disposed opposite a part of the transmission surface 61 of the stator 51. Furthermore, in each of the maximum open positions, the surface of the opposite parts is minimal.
  • the first maximum open position is obtained by rotating the rotor 52 about the first axis X in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the second maximum open position is obtained by rotating the rotor 52 around the first axis X in the clockwise direction.
  • the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 is spaced from the transmission surface 61 of the stator 51 along the first axis X, by a spacing value equal for example substantially to 0 , 5 mm.
  • the transmission surfaces 61, 81 form between them a transmission plane of the electromagnetic signals.
  • This plane is perpendicular to the first axis X and comprises in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51 four channels for transmitting electromagnetic signals as will be explained below.
  • the transmission surface 81 of the rotor 52 comprises two flat surfaces 83A, 83B and complementary means 84 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals.
  • Each flat surface 83A, 83B is associated with one of the transmission channels 65A, 65B of the stator 51 and is intended to completely cover this channel 65A, 65B with the main delimitation means 64 associated with this channel 65A, 65B, when the rotary joint 23 is in the minimum open position.
  • each planar surface 83A, 83B has a circumferential shape.
  • planar surfaces 83A, 83B are arranged in a stepped manner.
  • the flat surface 83B less distant from the first axis X protrudes relative to the flat surface 83A by a value substantially equal to the differences in the heights of the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A and those associated with the transmission channel 65B.
  • the complementary means 84 for delimiting the electromagnetic signals are arranged on each of the flat surfaces 83A, 83B and protrude with respect to this surface 83A, 83B.
  • the complementary delimitation means 84 arranged on the flat surface 83A are received in the transmission channel 65A in a movable manner with the rotation of the rotor 52 so that in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51, these means divide the channel transmission in two complementary circumferential transmission channels.
  • the complementary delimitation means 84 arranged on the flat surface 83B are received in the transmission channel 65B in a movable manner with the rotation of the rotor 52 so that in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51, these means divide the corresponding transmission channel into two complementary circumferential transmission channels.
  • the complementary delimiting means 84 are in the form of a plurality of studs arranged in several radial directions on either side of a central radial direction 86 of the transmission surface 81 and possibly, in this same radial direction. central 86.
  • central radial direction is meant the radial direction passing through the middle of the sector of the rotor 52, that is to say the radial direction dividing the transmission surface 81 into two substantially equivalent parts.
  • the pads are arranged in the central radial direction 86 and in two other radial directions arranged on each side of the central radial direction.
  • the pads arranged on the flat surface 83A are similar to the pads associated with the transmission channel 65A and the pads arranged on the flat surface 83B are similar to the pads associated with the transmission channel 65B.
  • Each flat surface 83A, 83B defines two openings 91 to 94 arranged on either side of the central radial direction 86.
  • Each of these openings 91 to 94 is adjacent to the complementary delimiting means 84 so that in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51, it opens on one side onto one of the transmission channels 65A, 65B and on the other side, onto a waveguide 95 to 98 formed between the fixing surface 82 and the cover rotor 54.
  • Each waveguide 95 to 98 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the first axis X and is bent appropriately by connecting the corresponding transmission path to the second guide means 46.
  • the cooperation of the rotor 52 with the stator 51 forms in any position of the rotor 52 relative to the stator 51 four channels for transmitting electromagnetic signals between the first part 21 of the antenna 10 and the second part 22.
  • the path formed between the openings 71 and 91 and the path formed between the openings 74 and 94 are intended to transmit the electromagnetic signals for emission via the radiating source 43.
  • the path formed between the openings 72 and 92 and the path formed between the openings 73 and 93 are intended to transmit the electromagnetic signals received by the radiating source 43.
  • the figure 6 illustrates in its upper part three different positions of the second part 22 with respect to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 during the rotation of the second part 22 with respect to the first axis which is then perpendicular to the plane of the upper part of the figure 6 .
  • the elevation angle ⁇ of the antenna 10 formed between the second axis Y and the base plane 12 is equal to 0 °.
  • the rotating joint 23 is therefore in its minimum open position.
  • the first actuator is powered by the satellite to rotate the second part 22 of the antenna clockwise or counterclockwise around the first axis X, depending on the sign of the corresponding power signals.
  • the second part 22 is rotated around the first axis X in the counterclockwise direction to reach the elevation angle ⁇ substantially equal to -30 °.
  • the rotary joint 23 is therefore in its first maximum open position.
  • the second part 22 In the position on the right, the second part 22 is rotated around the first axis X in the clockwise direction to reach the elevation angle ⁇ substantially equal to 30 °. In this position, the rotary joint 23 is therefore in its second maximum open position.
  • the figure 6 illustrates three different positions of the reflection assembly 44 relative for example to the first part 21 of the antenna 10 during the rotation of the reflection assembly 44 about the second Y axis which is then perpendicular to the plane of the part lower of the figure 6 .
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ formed between the axis of inclination A and the third axis Z is equal to 0 °.
  • the second actuator is powered by the satellite to rotate the reflection assembly 44 clockwise or counterclockwise around the second Y axis, depending on the sign of the signals d corresponding power supply.
  • the reflection assembly 44 is rotated around the second axis Y in the counterclockwise direction to reach the angle of inclination ⁇ substantially equal to -30 °.
  • the reflection assembly 44 is rotated around the second axis Y in the clockwise direction to reach the angle of inclination ⁇ substantially equal to 30 °.
  • the antenna according to the invention is particularly simple in manufacture and in assembly since the electromagnetic connection between the first and the second parts of this antenna is ensured by using a very small number of parts. In particular, this connection is ensured entirely by the rotating joint which may be composed only of a stator and a rotor.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Biaxiale Antenne (10) mit einem ersten Teil (21), der zur Befestigung an einer Grundfläche dient, die eine Grundebene (12) definiert, einem zweiten Teil (22), der drehbar um eine erste Achse (X) auf dem ersten Teil (21) angebracht ist, und einem Drehgelenk (23), das zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Teil (21, 22) angeordnet ist;
    wobei der zweite Teil (22) umfasst:
    - eine Strahlungsquelle (43), die geeignet ist, elektromagnetische Signale zu senden und zu empfangen;
    - eine Reflexionsanordnung (44), die einen Reflektor (47), der gegenüber der Strahlungsquelle (43) angeordnet ist, und einem Spiegel (48) aufweist, der um die Strahlungsquelle (43) herum angeordnet und mit dem Reflektor (47) in geneigter Weise relativ zu ihm verbunden ist, wobei der Reflektor (47) einen Reflektorscheitelpunkt, einen Brennpunkt und eine zweite Achse (Y) definiert, die durch den Reflektorscheitelpunkt und den Brennpunkt verläuft; wobei
    die Reflexionsanordnung (44) um die zweite Achse (Y) drehbar ist;
    das Drehgelenk (23) geeignet ist, elektromagnetische Signale zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Teil (21, 22) über mindestens einen Übertragungsweg zu übertragen, der in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur ersten Achse (X) verlaufenden Übertragungsebene liegt;
    der Übertragungsweg durch elektromagnetische Signalbegrenzungsmittel (64, 84) in Form einer Vielzahl von zueinander beabstandeten Ansätzen begrenzt wird;
    der erste und der zweite Teil (21, 22) derart angeordnet sind, dass in jeder Position des zweiten Teils (22) und der Reflexionsanordnung (44) die erste Achse (X) im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur zweiten Achse (Y) liegt.
  2. Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei der die erste Achse (X) parallel zur Grundebene (12) verläuft.
  3. Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der der zwischen der zweiten Achse (Y) und der Grundebene (12) gebildete Winkel einem Elevationswinkel (Θ) der Antenne (10) entspricht, wobei eine Drehung des zweiten Teils (22) um die erste Achse (X) den Elevationswinkel (Θ) der Antenne (10) verändert.
  4. Antenne (10) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Spiegel (48) der Reflexionsanordnung (44) ein Spiegel mit einer an die Funktion der Antenne (10) angepassten Form ist und vorzugsweise ein Flachspiegel ist.
  5. Antenne (10) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Drehgelenk (23) geeignet ist, elektromagnetische Signale zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Teil (21, 22) über mindestens zwei verschiedene, durch elektromagnetische Signalbegrenzungsmittel (64, 84) voneinander getrennte Übertragungswege zu übertragen, wobei die beiden Wege in der Übertragungsebene liegen.
  6. Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 5, bei der einer der Übertragungswege zum Übertragen von elektromagnetischen Signalen dient, die von der Strahlungsquelle (44) empfangen werden, und der andere Übertragungsweg zum Übertragen von elektromagnetischen Signalen zum Abstrahlen durch die Strahlungsquelle (44) dient.
  7. Antenne (10) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Drehgelenk (23) einen am ersten Teil (21) befestigten Stator (51) und einen am zweiten Teil (22) der Antenne (10) befestigten Rotor (52) umfasst, der zumindest teilweise gegenüber dem Stator (51) ohne Kontakt mit diesem angeordnet ist.
  8. Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 7, bei der sich die Übertragungsebene zwischen dem Stator (51) und dem Rotor (52) befindet.
  9. Antenne (10) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei der der Stator (51) und der Rotor (52) Formen analog zu einem Sektor eines Rings mit auf der ersten Achse (X) liegenden Zentrum aufweisen.
  10. Antenne (10) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der sich der oder jeder Übertragungsweg in einer in Bezug auf die erste Achse (X) definierten Umfangsrichtung erstreckt.
  11. Antenne (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die außerdem einen einzigen Erreger aufweist, der im zweiten Teil (22) angeordnet und einerseits mit der Strahlungsquelle (43) und andererseits mit dem Drehgelenk (23) über Hohlleiter oder Koaxialkabel verbunden ist.
EP18195536.0A 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Biaxiale antenne, die einen ersten festen teil, einen zweiten sich drehenden teil und ein drehgelenk umfasst Active EP3457490B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1700948A FR3071365B1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2017-09-19 Antenne biaxe comportant une premiere partie fixe, une deuxieme partie rotative et un joint tournant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3457490A1 EP3457490A1 (de) 2019-03-20
EP3457490B1 true EP3457490B1 (de) 2021-07-28

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EP18195536.0A Active EP3457490B1 (de) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Biaxiale antenne, die einen ersten festen teil, einen zweiten sich drehenden teil und ein drehgelenk umfasst

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US (1) US10581152B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3457490B1 (de)
CA (1) CA3018003A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2890429T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3071365B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3091421B1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2021-04-30 Thales Sa Antenne multifaisceaux à pointage réglable
CN114430100B (zh) * 2022-02-15 2023-10-13 长沙天仪空间科技研究院有限公司 星载天线展开控制系统

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595186A (en) * 1950-02-06 1952-04-29 Louis D Breetz Jogged wave guide ring type radio-frequency rotary joint
EP1331688A1 (de) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-30 Era Patents Limited Wellenleiter
WO2008104998A2 (en) * 2007-03-01 2008-09-04 Indian Space Research Organisation Four channel waveguide rotary joint for high power application
FR2939971B1 (fr) 2008-12-16 2011-02-11 Thales Sa Ensemble d'excitation compact pour la generation d'une polarisation circulaire dans une antenne et procede d'elaboration d'un tel ensemble d'excitation
US9093742B2 (en) * 2011-10-17 2015-07-28 McDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Corporation Wide scan steerable antenna with no key-hole
FR2984612B1 (fr) * 2011-12-20 2014-08-22 Thales Sa Joint tournant hyperfrequence
US9812776B2 (en) * 2012-04-02 2017-11-07 Furuno Electric Co., Ltd. Antenna device
US9368867B2 (en) * 2013-10-07 2016-06-14 Harris Corporation Near-linear drive systems for positioning reflectors
EP2996197B1 (de) * 2014-09-10 2021-10-20 MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Corporation Schwenkbare antenne mit breitem scanbereich
FR3029018B1 (fr) 2014-11-26 2016-12-30 Thales Sa Module compact d'excitation radiofrequence a cinematique integree et antenne compacte biaxe comportantau moins un tel module compact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10581152B2 (en) 2020-03-03
EP3457490A1 (de) 2019-03-20
CA3018003A1 (fr) 2019-03-19
US20190089045A1 (en) 2019-03-21
FR3071365B1 (fr) 2019-09-06
ES2890429T3 (es) 2022-01-19
FR3071365A1 (fr) 2019-03-22

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