EP3438377B1 - Device and method for guiding a carrier for a formwork or protecting element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a device is from the U.S. 3,881,699 known. In this prior art, a temporary railing is attached to a shell with the help of vertical beams. The beams are used to fasten horizontal ropes. Each carrier can be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical direction with respect to brackets on the building floors. For this purpose, an L-profile is placed between the brackets on the building floors and the beams. The L-profile has an elongated hole on both legs, to which a screw can be fixed by means of a nut. For horizontal adjustment in the x and y directions and for vertical adjustment of the carrier (z direction) it is therefore necessary to loosen the nuts and fix them again after the adjustment. Thus, the adjustment is comparatively cumbersome and only possible with the help of your own - additional - lifting equipment such as spindles or hoists.

From the EP 2 503 077 A1 , WO 2011/127970 A1 , U.S. 4,129,197 A , WO 2011/007949 A1 and JP H04 247166 A further devices are known which, however, do not allow storage in all three spatial directions.

In principle, a wide variety of so-called climbing systems are already known which are used in the processing of buildings in order to attach formwork or protective elements at the desired overall height, preferably in the area of a concreting section. In connection with the present invention, processing is understood to mean, in particular, the construction as well as the dismantling / removal or maintenance of a building; formwork or protective elements are currently mainly used in the construction of new buildings.

Here, the receiving elements for the carrier are each positioned at the desired height, so that then preferably by means of linear drives, e.g. hydraulic cylinders or the like, or with the aid of a crane, formwork or protective elements, which via the connection between the carrier and receiving elements are guided in their movement, can be proceeded accordingly.

The fastening elements of the guide device are, depending on the building or the type of climbing system, preferably on the ceiling of a floor, e.g. if a glass facade is to be provided for the building to be worked on, or it is to be mounted on an already produced wall of the building to be worked on.

The problem here is that the architecture of the building to be processed often has irregular shapes. The processing of tall buildings with special geometry, in which formwork or protective elements are often used, therefore mostly requires an adaptation or moving of the climbing devices to the architecturally desired geometry.

As a result, for example, it is already from the DE 10 2005 030 332 A1 known to provide a climbing shoe in which a wall or ceiling shoe part is fixedly attached to a wall or to a ceiling of a concreting section. A sliding shoe part for guiding and holding a support or a climbing rail is then articulated to this stationary wall and ceiling shoe part.

Similar devices are also in the DE 10 2005 030 0331 A1 and the DE 10 2005 030 333 A1 disclosed.

Furthermore, it is from the EP 2 412 894 A known to mount a support arm of a receiving unit on a slide rail arranged essentially perpendicular to the facade plane of the building to be processed, so that the distance of a protective shield, which is attached via the receiving unit connected to the support arm, to the ceiling edge can be adjusted.

The guide devices already known on the market for carriers of formwork or protective elements thus either only have a single degree of freedom for a translational one Movement on or, due to the articulated connection of a receiving element, only a slight possibility of adaptation is achieved, which does not do justice to all building geometries.

The aim of the present invention is therefore to create a device of the type mentioned, which - regardless of how the formwork or protective elements are lifted - has a high degree of flexibility when adapting the formwork or protective elements to changing building geometries and inclinations . In particular, it should also be possible to pivot the formwork or protective elements on the building.

According to the invention this is achieved by a device according to claim 1.

Accordingly, a translational mobility of a receiving element receiving the carrier of a shuttering or protective element is provided in all three directions with the aid of linear drives. This makes it e.g. possible to arbitrarily arrange the carrier, which is connected to the receiving element, in a plane parallel to the floor plane, i.e. to remove from the building facade to be processed or to bring it closer and at the same time to move it in the direction of the facade; in addition, an adaptability in the height direction is also advantageously provided in the direction of the z-axis. This results in a high degree of flexibility in the guidance or arrangement of formwork or protective elements when working on buildings, so that the device according to the invention can be adapted to essentially any geometric configurations of the building, in particular to changing building inclines and the like is.

It is advantageous here that the receiving element is mounted displaceably at least in a plane extending essentially in the horizontal direction and spanned by the x and y axes. This ensures the adaptability already described above in a plane that runs essentially parallel to a floor level, which enables adaptation to changing building inclinations and geometries with a high degree of flexibility.

The translational mobility of the receiving element in the direction of the x-axis, i.e. preferably parallel to a plane of the facade to be processed, achieved in a simple manner if the guide device has a support arm, which is mounted displaceably in the direction of the x-axis by means of at least one, preferably two rail (s) running essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support arm . Accordingly, the support arm is preferably fastened on two guide rails, which are each guided displaceably by fixedly arranged fastening elements, preferably on a ceiling. This results in an embodiment essentially in the manner of a sliding carriage on which the support arm of the receiving element is attached. A displaceable mounting of the support arm carrying the receiving element is particularly easy to achieve if the rail (s) are provided for arrangement on a ceiling of the building to be processed.

A structurally particularly simple embodiment for the displaceable mounting of the receiving element for the purpose of adapting the position of the formwork or protective element connected to the receiving element in the direction of the y-axis, i.e. Essentially in order to bring a formwork or protective element closer to the facade or to remove it from it, the support arm of the receiving element has a displaceable gripping section, so that the gripping section including the receiving element in the direction of the y-axis opposite another part of the support arm is slidably mounted. Such support arms are already known on the market. For example, Doka GmbH offers a guide device under the designation "Xclimb 60" which is intended for attachment to a ceiling and which has a linear drive for moving a front gripping section. A spindle drive is provided as the linear drive in this known element; Of course, however, a hydraulic drive or any other linear drive can also be provided.

Likewise, a comparatively high one is achieved in a simple manner Flexibility in the adaptation of the guidance of formwork or protective elements is achieved by the fact that the receiving element is mounted displaceably in a plane that extends essentially in the vertical direction and is spanned by the z and x axes. A displaceability in the direction of the plane spanned by the z and x axes can be achieved structurally, in particular in a simple manner, if the fastening element is provided for fastening to a wall of the building to be processed. With such a fastening element arranged on a wall of a building to be worked on, full mobility or adjustability of the receiving element is thus also achieved in at least one plane.

In order to achieve displaceability in the z-direction in such a fastening element fastened to a wall of the building to be processed, it is advantageous if the fastening element has at least one groove running in the direction of the z-axis into which at least one end section of an intermediate element engages. The fastening element preferably has grooves running in the direction of the z-axis on both sides, in which end sections of the intermediate element which essentially clasps the fastening element can then be stored in a simple manner; the definition of a lower end position can then be achieved in a structurally simple manner by means of an adjusting screw.

In order to be able to move in the x-direction, i.e. in a structurally simple manner, in the manner of a compound slide. preferably in the direction of the facade, it is advantageous if the intermediate element is connected to a slide rail which is mounted displaceably in the direction of the x-axis and to which the gripping section provided for receiving the carrier is attached.

In order to achieve a three-dimensional adjustment of the positioning of the receiving element or the protective elements or formwork elements connected to it, it is advantageous for the receiving element to be mounted displaceably in the direction of the x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis.

Such displaceability of the receiving element in the z-direction can be achieved in a structurally simple manner if the support arm of the receiving element is arranged on a height-adjustable table, in particular a scissor lift table, for the displaceable mounting of the receiving element in the direction of the z-axis.

In order to further increase the adaptability of the receiving element via the three directions in the x, y and z directions, it is also advantageous if the alignment of the gripping section with respect to the rest of the guide device can be changed, so that an inclination with respect to one in the attached state in The basic position extending essentially in the horizontal direction is adjustable. With receiving elements previously available on the market, e.g. the aforementioned "Xclimb 60" from Doka GmbH, the carrier can be swiveled in the position in the receiving element at an angle of +/- 10 °. In order to enable the protective or shuttering element to be more inclined relative to a vertical plane, it is therefore advantageous to connect the gripping section to the rest of the receiving element in a corresponding inclined position, so that inclinations between two floors of greater than +/- 10 ° are made possible.

Structurally, this is advantageously achieved in a simple manner in that, in order to adjust the inclination of the gripping section, a plurality of receiving openings arranged in different orientations are provided in a fixing unit of the guide device.

In one method, two linear drive elements supported on the upper storey ceiling are arranged with which the formwork or protective element is lifted, then a linear drive element is removed, and the formwork or protective element around the connection between the other guide device and the carrier with the remaining one Linear drive element is pivoted.

Using this method, a Protective or formwork element can be pivoted when processing a building. The device according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 13 can be used here, in which a displaceability in a plane parallel to the facade plane and / or essentially perpendicular to it can preferably be achieved. As a result, by absorbing the vertical forces on the upper storey and the displaceable mounting at least in the x and y directions on the lower storey, pivoting around a connection between the support and the receiving element of the upper storey ceiling can be achieved, and thus protective or Formwork elements are tilted in relation to a vertical and horizontal alignment, so that an adaptation to changing building inclinations and geometries is possible in a simple manner.

In order to enable easy straight climbing upwards, it is advantageous if the second linear drive element is added again.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische schematische Ansicht einer Decke eines zu bearbeitenden Gebäudes mit einem gedachten kartesischen Koordinatensystem;
• Fig. 2 eine Ansicht einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen, auf einer Decke verschieblich gelagerten Führungsvorrichtung;
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Führungsvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Führungsvorrichtung mit einem Aufnahmeelement, das in x-, y- und z-Richtung verschieblich gelagert ist;
• Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 eine Ansicht einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen, an einer Wand eines zu bearbeitenden Gebäudes befestigten Führungsvorrichtung;
• Fig. 7 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 6;
• Fig. 8 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Führungsvorrichtung mit einem an einer Wand angeordneten Befestigungselement und einer verschieblichen Lagerung des Aufnahmeelements in x-, y- und z-Richtung;
• Fig. 9 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8;
• Fig. 10a bis 10c eine Ansicht einer Bewegungsabfolge zur Veränderung der Schrägstellungen eines Schutzelements gegenüber einer horizontalen Achse.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, to which, however, it is in no way restricted. The drawings show in detail:

• Fig. 1 a perspective schematic view of a ceiling of a building to be processed with an imaginary Cartesian coordinate system;
• Fig. 2 a view of a not according to the invention, slidably mounted on a ceiling guide device;
• Fig. 3 a plan view of the guide device according to Fig. 2 ;
• Fig. 4 a view of a guide device according to the invention with a receiving element which is mounted displaceably in the x, y and z directions;
• Fig. 5 a plan view of the device according to Fig. 4 ;
• Fig. 6 a view of a not according to the invention, attached to a wall of a building to be processed guide device;
• Fig. 7 a plan view of the device according to Fig. 6 ;
• Fig. 8 a side view of a guide device according to the invention with a fastening element arranged on a wall and a displaceable mounting of the receiving element in the x, y and z directions;
• Fig. 9 a plan view of the device according to Fig. 8 ;
• Figures 10a to 10c a view of a movement sequence for changing the inclinations of a protective element with respect to a horizontal axis.

In Fig. 1 a guide device 1 is shown schematically, which has a schematically shown receiving element 2, which is mounted displaceably in the direction of an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis on a ceiling 3 of a building to be processed.

As can be seen in the schematic representation, the x-axis runs essentially parallel to a front edge 3 'of the ceiling 3, so that when shifting in the x-direction, the receiving element 2 is preferably adjusted along the facade of the building to be processed. As a result, displaceability in the facade direction can be achieved via the displaceability in the x direction and displaceability perpendicular to the facade direction can be achieved through the displaceability in the direction of the y axis.

In the Figs. 2 and 3 a device is shown in which a frame 4 is provided which in particular has two rails 4 'running in the x-direction, which are slidably mounted in fastening elements 5 which are fixedly fastened to the ceiling 3.

A support arm 1 'of the guide device 1 is firmly connected to the rails 4', this support arm 1 'having a front one Has gripping section 6, which in turn has the guide jaws designed as receiving element 2. The gripping section 6 is mounted displaceably in the y-direction with respect to the part of the support arm 5 firmly connected to the frame 4, a linear drive 1 ″, for example a spindle, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like being provided to drive the gripping section 6.

Such a guide device is currently available on the market, in particular under the name "Xclimb 60" from Doka GmbH, so that there is no need for more detailed explanations of the generally known design of this support arm.

Due to the displaceable mounting of the ceiling frame 4 in the fastening elements 5 and the displaceable mounting of the gripping section 6 including the receiving element 2, the position of a carrier 8, which is guided and held in the receiving element 2 between guide jaws 7 in its longitudinal direction and which is provided with a protective element 9 or a formwork element, can be flexibly adjusted in the x and y directions, so that an adaptation to a wide variety of building slopes and geometries is possible in a simple manner.

A wide variety of climbing systems can be used here. In the embodiment shown, the carrier 8 of the protective or formwork element 9 essentially has the shape of an I-profile, to which hooks 8 'are attached at regular intervals. The carrier 8 can be moved upward in its longitudinal direction in the position held between the pivotably mounted guide jaws 7, with a hook 8 'being hooked onto a bolt of the receiving element 2 when it is lowered so that the guide device 1 supports the carrier 8 together with protective or Formwork element 9 leads in a known manner when lifting and holds reliably without applying a lifting force. Of course, however, differently configured receiving elements 2 can also be used to hold and guide the carrier 8 or different types of carriers 8.

In order to further improve the possibilities of adapting the positioning of the receiving element 2, the ceiling frame 4, as in Figs. 2 and 3 shown essentially on a lifting table 10, as in FIG Figures 4 and 5 represents, be attached.

In Fig. 4 It can be seen here that a scissor lift table can be provided for a structurally simple design as a lifting table 10, which has two scissor elements 11 connected to one another via a swivel joint, which are mounted in elongated holes 12 of the upper and lower table element 13, so that a linear drive 14 the entire ceiling frame 4 is arranged displaceably in the z-direction. In this embodiment, the lower table element 13 is fixedly connected to the ceiling 3 and therefore serves as a fastening element 5.

In the Figures 6 and 7 an alternative embodiment of the device is shown in which a fastening element 5 provided on a wall 15 is provided for the displaceable mounting of an intermediate element 16. The fastening element 5 here has two grooves 17 at the edge, in which end sections of the intermediate element 16 are mounted displaceably in the z-direction. The intermediate element 16 is designed as a guide rail 16 'at the end, on which a slide rail 18 is mounted displaceably in the x-direction. The slide rail 18 in turn carries the gripping section 6 with the receiving element 2 for guiding the carrier 8.

As in the embodiment according to Figures 3 and 4th , but now in connection with an attachment to a wall 15, a type of compound slide is accordingly provided for mounting the gripping section 6 of the guide device 1, so that a displaceable adjustment of the position of the receiving element 2 in the direction of the z and x axes is structurally simple Way is made possible.

To determine the lower end position of the receiving element 2 in the direction of the z-axis, the fastening section 5 carries an adjusting screw 19 which interacts with the slide rail 18.

In the Figures 8 and 9 a further embodiment of a guide device 1 according to the invention is shown, here the Fastening element 5 is attached to an end face of the ceiling 3. Instead of the frontal arrangement on a ceiling 3, the guide device 1 according to this exemplary embodiment can of course also be attached to a wall 15 of the building to be processed. For fastening purposes, fastening parts 3 ″ embedded in the concrete are provided, to which a stationary fastening element 5 is connected by means of screws.

In Fig. 8 it can be seen in particular that the guide device 1 has a telescopic arm 20 which is connected to the fastening element 5 for the purpose of displaceability of the receiving element 2 in the y direction. For adjustability in the y direction, a linear drive 20 ′ is shown, by means of which the gripping section 6 with the receiving element 2 can essentially be brought closer to or removed from the front edge 3 ′ of the ceiling 3.

In addition, a rail is provided on the freely projecting end 21 of the telescopic arm 20, in which the gripping section 6 of the receiving element 2 is mounted such that it can be displaced in the z-direction.

In Fig. 9 it can also be seen that an end section 21 ′ of the telescopic arm 20 is mounted on the fastening element 5 such that it can be displaced in the x direction in the manner of a slide.

In Fig. 8 it can also be seen that the gripping section 6, in the exemplary embodiment shown, can be arranged in different inclined positions via socket pins 22. For this purpose, a fixing unit 24 has several openings 23 which are arranged at an angle to one another and in which the bolts 22 can be received. This allows the gripping portion in one of the in Fig. 8 horizontal position shown deviating inclined position are positioned so that a carrier 8 in its position received in the receiving element 2 assumes a basic position deviating from the vertical alignment shown. In the case of guide devices currently on the market, such as the Xclimb 60 from Doka GmbH, the carrier 8 can in principle be pivoted in the Recording element 2 can be achieved by +/- 10 °. In order to enable a further inclined position, the gripping section 6 can accordingly be arranged inclined accordingly.

In the Figures 10a to 10c the sequence of a method is shown schematically with which a change in the inclination of the protective element 9 can be achieved in a simple manner.

For this purpose, at least two guide devices 1 are provided in two storeys arranged one above the other, with two linear drive elements 25, e.g. Hydrauklikzylnder, which are used for lifting the protective element 9, e.g. by approx. 10 cm. As a result, the vertical load is shifted to the upper ceiling 3 or the upper guide devices 1, so that the lower guide devices 1 are mounted displaceably in the horizontal direction without any vertical load.

Then a linear drive element 25 is removed (in FIG. 9b, the element arranged on the left), so that a pivot point 26 results around the connection between the carrier 8 and the receiving element 2 for the protective element 9 when the remaining linear drive element 25 is driven. Here, the protective element 9 is initially pivoted about this pivot point 26 into an orientation in which the upper and lower edges of the protective element 9 are arranged essentially horizontally (see FIG. 9b). The remaining hydraulic cylinder is then extended further, as a result of which the protective element 9 is pivoted further about the pivot point 26 until the desired inclined position is achieved. The further linear drive element 25 is then added again, so that when the two linear drive elements 25 are driven synchronously, the protective element 9 is then shifted along the longitudinal extension of the carrier 8 without any further pivoting movement.

Claims (2)

1. Device for guiding a support for a formwork or protective element (9) when working on buildings, comprising at least one guide device (1) for receiving a support (8), the guide device (1) having a receiving element (2) for the support (8) and a fastening element (5) which can be immovably fastened to an element of the building to be worked on, in particular a wall (15) or a ceiling (3), characterised in that the receiving element (2) is connected to the fastening element (5) in such a way that, in an imaginary Cartesian coordinate system having a substantially vertical z axis, a substantially horizontal y axis which extends obliquely with respect to a plane spanned by a facade of the building that is to be worked on, preferably substantially perpendicularly to said plane, and an x axis which extends perpendicularly to the plane spanned by the z axis and y axis, the receiving element (2) is mounted such that it can move in the direction of the x, y and z axes by means of a linear drive in each case.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that hydraulic cylinders or spindle drives are provided as linear drives.

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