EP3432411B1 - Secondary battery module - Google Patents

Secondary battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3432411B1
EP3432411B1 EP18181610.9A EP18181610A EP3432411B1 EP 3432411 B1 EP3432411 B1 EP 3432411B1 EP 18181610 A EP18181610 A EP 18181610A EP 3432411 B1 EP3432411 B1 EP 3432411B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery cells
secondary battery
battery module
insulation sheet
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18181610.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3432411A1 (en
Inventor
Joon Hyung Lee
Man Seok Han
Myung Kook Park
Seok Joon Yoon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samsung SDI Co Ltd filed Critical Samsung SDI Co Ltd
Publication of EP3432411A1 publication Critical patent/EP3432411A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3432411B1 publication Critical patent/EP3432411B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • aspects of some exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a secondary battery module.
  • a low-capacity secondary battery comprised of one single battery cell may be used as the power source for various portable small-sized electronic devices, such as cellular phones, and camcorders.
  • a high-capacity secondary battery in which several tens of battery cells are connected in a battery pack may be used as the power source for motor drives, such as those in hybrid electric vehicles.
  • Secondary batteries may be configured such that an electrode assembly formed by positive and negative electrode plates with a separator as an insulator interposed therebetween, and an electrolyte, are housed in a case, and a cap plate is coupled to the case.
  • secondary batteries may be classified into different types, for example, pouch type batteries, prismatic batteries and cylindrical batteries.
  • the electrode assembly housed in the case can be classified into a wound electrode assembly and a stacked electrode assembly depending on the configuration of the electrode assembly.
  • a plurality of batteries are connected to each other in series and/or in parallel, which can be defined as a battery module or a battery pack
  • the plurality of batteries are accommodated in a standard housing or case to then be electrically connected to an internal or external battery monitoring system.
  • Secondary battery modules known from prior art are described in the documents DE 10 2013 220174 A1 and EP 0 880 190 A2 .
  • the present invention is defined by the subject-matter of the appended claims.
  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to a secondary battery module.
  • the embodiments according to the present invention include a secondary battery module including a plurality of battery cells aligned in one direction.
  • the embodiments of the present invention include a secondary battery including a mechanism for blocking heat transfer between battery cells in a secondary battery module.
  • a secondary battery module includes a plurality of battery cells aligned in one direction, a plurality of insulation sheets between the plurality of battery cells, the insulation sheets including aerogel for blocking heat transfer between the plurality of battery cells, and a housing fixing the battery cells and the insulation sheets.
  • an aerogel is preferably a synthetic porous material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component for the gel has been replaced with a gas.
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing minimum weight/constructional space.
  • the content of aerogel particles contained in the insulation sheets may range from 80% to 90%.
  • the content of aerogel particles contained in the insulation sheets may range from 75% to 95% (as a percentage by mass), more preferably from 80% to 90% (as a percentage by mass) and still more preferably from 82% to 88% (as a percentage by mass).
  • the mass percentage is determined including all solid components but excluding any gas such as air inside the pores.
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing minimum weight/constructional space.
  • insulation sheets are provided between each two adjacent battery cells.
  • the battery cells are uniformly spaced apart from one another having uniform size.
  • the insulation sheets are also uniformly spaced apart from one another having uniform size, too.
  • the aerogel particles in the insulation sheets may comprise silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), also known as silica.
  • the aerogel particles in the insulation sheets consist of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
  • all aerogel particles in the insulation sheets consist of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
  • the aerogel particles may have a size ranging from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. More preferably at least 50% of the aerogel particles may have a size ranging from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably at least 75% of the aerogel particles may have a size ranging from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m and still more preferably at least 90% of the aerogel particles may have a size ranging from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the average size of the aerogel particles (arithmetic mean) included in the insulation sheets ranges from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably from 20 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m and still more preferably from 30 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m.
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing minimum weight/constructional space.
  • the aerogel particles may include nano-sized pores.
  • at least 75% of the aerogel particles may include nano-sized pores, more preferably at least 90% of the aerogel particles may include nano-sized pores and still more preferably at least 95% of the aerogel particles may include nano-sized pores.
  • nano-sized pores have a size of 1 to 1000 nm, more preferably 10 to 900 nm, more preferably 100 to 500 nm.
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing minimum weight/constructional space.
  • Each of the insulation sheets may have a thickness of 1.0 mm to 0.1 mm, more preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.2 mm and still more preferably 0.3 mm.
  • an adhesion tape is further formed between (each of) the battery cells and (each of) the insulation sheets.
  • the adhesion tape and the insulation sheet may preferably be formed in a thickness ratio ranging between 1:2 and 1:10, more preferably ranging between 1:2.5 and 1:5. Still more preferably, the thickness ratio is 1:3.5.
  • a thermal conductivity of the adhesion tape may be 8 to 10 times, more preferably 9 times higher than that of the insulation sheet.
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing increased shock resistance.
  • the plurality of insulation sheets may be preferably formed with a thickness such that they comprise between 0.5 and 2%, more preferably between 0.9 and 1.5%, and still more preferably 1.1% of the volume of all battery cells (of the module).
  • a related advantage may be an improved heat resistance while simultaneously providing minimum weight/constructional space.
  • the secondary battery module may prevent or retard generation of heat or ignition from a cell within the module from propagating to adjoining cells.
  • the secondary battery module according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes aerogel sheets having excellent insulating performance between the battery cells, thereby ensuring lightness in weight and safety.
  • first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various members, elements, regions, layers and/or sections, these members, elements, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, element, region, layer and/or section from another. Thus, for example, a first member, a first element, a first region, a first layer and/or a first section discussed below could be termed a second member, a second element, a second region, a second layer and/or a second section without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
  • spatially relative terms such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a secondary battery module according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the secondary battery module shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the secondary battery module 100 includes battery cells 10, insulation sheets 20, and housings 18 and 19.
  • the battery cells 10 are aligned in the secondary battery module 100 along one direction.
  • the battery cells 10 may include a plurality of battery cells, which may be horizontally arranged in a line.
  • the battery cells 10 may have a substantially hexahedral shape having two long side regions and four short side regions.
  • Each of the battery cells 10 may include a battery case, and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte accommodated in the battery case.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator interposed between the positive and negative electrode plates, and the electrode assembly and the electrolyte react with each other to generate electrochemical energy.
  • the battery case is sealed by a cap assembly 14.
  • the cap assembly 14 includes a positive electrode terminal 11 and a negative electrode terminal 12 having different polarities, and a vent 13.
  • the vent 13 is a safety member for the battery cells 10 and functions as a passageway for releasing the internal gas generated from the battery cells 10 to the outside.
  • the positive electrode terminal 11 and the negative electrode terminal 12 of the adjoining battery cells 10 may be electrically connected through a bus bar 15, and the bus bar 15 may be fixed by, for example, a nut 16.
  • the secondary battery module 100 can be used as a power source using the housings 18 and 19 accommodating the plurality of battery cells 10.
  • the housings 18 and 19 may include a pair of end plates 18 arranged to face each other from exterior sides of the battery cells 10, and side surface plates 19 connecting the pair of end plates 18.
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 may be aligned in one direction so as to face one another on wider surfaces, and the pair of end plates 18 may face each other on the outermost surfaces of the battery cells 10.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be interposed between the battery cells 10 and may be horizontally arranged in one direction.
  • the insulation sheet 20 is interposed between the plurality of battery cells 10 and includes aerogel for blocking heat transfer between the battery cells 10.
  • the insulation sheet 20 is shaped of a rectangular sheet having long side regions having widths corresponding to those of the two long side regions of each of the battery cells 10 and has a relatively small thickness.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be formed to be smaller than a height of each of the long side regions of each of the battery cells 10.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be formed to have a thickness large enough to block heat transfer between the adjoining battery cells 10.
  • the thickness of the insulation sheet 20 may vary depending on the material or particles contained in the insulation sheet 20.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may have a thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be easily broken due to even mild external shocks.
  • the thickness of the insulation sheet 20 is greater than 0.3 mm (or other preferred values)
  • distances between the battery cells 10 may be inordinately increased, thereby increasing the size and/or bulk of the secondary battery module 100.
  • the insulation sheet 20 includes aerogel as a heat insulating material for blocking heat transfer between the adjoining battery cells 10.
  • the aerogel contains silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) as a main ingredient.
  • the insulation sheet 20 includes 80% or more of aerogel particles and a remainder of a binder.
  • the percentage of the aerogel particles in the insulation sheet 20 may be in the range from 80% to 90%. If the percentage of the aerogel particles is less than 80% (or other preferred values), the heat transfer blocking efficiency between the adjoining battery cells 10 may not be sufficiently high. If the content of the aerogel particles is greater than 90% (or other preferred values), the content of the binder may be relatively small, making it difficult to form the insulation sheet 20.
  • the aerogel particles may have a size of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and 90% or more of the aerogel particles may include nano-sized pores. Because the insulation sheet 20 may include aerogel particles of which 90% or more are formed of nano-sized pores, the aerogel particles may be quite light in weight and demonstrate excellent insulating performance. Preferably air fills the pores.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be configured such that extremely small pores are formed in nanocomposites connected together by a SiO 2 skeletal structure, and air occupies the pores. Because porous layers formed by the air occupying the pores are preserved in the SiO 2 nanocomposite pores without being mobilized, the air demonstrating the highest heat insulating property can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • Table 1 below shows physical properties of an inventive insulation sheet using aerogel as a heat insulating material in comparison with a related art insulation sheet using MICA as a heat insulating material.
  • the inventive insulation sheet using aerogel and the related art insulation sheet using MICA have the same thickness, that is, 0.3 mm.
  • Table 1 Thermal Insulating Material Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) Specific Heat (J/gK) Specific Weight (g/cm 3 ) Combustion Type MICA 0.159 1.224 1.351 Incombustible Aerogel 0.034 0.992 0.40 Incombustible
  • FIG. 3 illustrates photographs showing evaluation results of heat transfer of the secondary battery module according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • Secondary battery modules each including insulation sheets interposed between a plurality of battery cells were prepared.
  • the battery cells of the respective secondary battery modules had the same battery capacity of 60 Ah.
  • heat transfer and event occurrence to adjoining second and third cells were evaluated.
  • Aerogel was used as a heat insulating material and an insulation sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm was used.
  • MICA was used as a heat insulating material and an insulation sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm was used.
  • Insulation sheets were prepared by forming holes in the insulation sheets of Example 2.
  • Example 2 Like in Example 1, when insulation sheets using aerogel as a heat insulating material were interposed between the battery cells, the heat generated from the first cells was not transferred to the second and third cells. However, in Examples 2 and 3, in which insulation sheets using MICA as a heat insulating material were interposed between the battery cells, the heat generated from the first cells was transferred to the second and third cells. That is to say, as confirmed from the experiment results, the insulation sheet using aerogel as a heat insulating material demonstrated excellent heat insulating efficiency.
  • FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view illustrating battery cells and insulation sheets according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • an insulation sheet 20 is interposed between two adjoining battery cells 10. As illustrated in FIG. 4 , the insulation sheet 20 is formed to have a size corresponding to the size of each of long side regions that are facing surfaces of the adjoining battery cells 10.
  • an adhesion tape 21 is taped around an outer surface of the long side region of each of the battery cells 10 facing the insulation sheet 20. Because the adhesion tape 21 is taped around the outer surface of the long side region of each of the battery cells 10, wide surfaces of the insulation sheet 20 are fixedly adhered to the long side regions of the adjoining battery cells 10.
  • the adhesion tape 21 may be made of polyimide (PI).
  • the adhesion tape 21 has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulation sheet 20.
  • the thermal conductivity of the insulation sheet 20 may be 0.034 W/mK
  • the thermal conductivity of the adhesion tape 21 made of polymide may range from 0.28 to 0.34 W/mK. That is to say, the thermal conductivity of the adhesion tape 21 may be approximately 8 to 10 times higher than that of the insulation sheet 20. Therefore, in order to maximize or increase the heat insulating efficiency, the thickness of the adhesion tape 21 having a relatively high thermal conductivity may be smaller than that of the insulation sheet 20.
  • the adhesion tape 21 and the insulation sheet 20 may be formed in a thickness ratio of 1:3.5.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be formed to have a thickness of 0.3 mm, while the adhesion tape 21 may be formed to have a thickness of 0.085 mm. If the thickness of the adhesion tape 21 is smaller than 0.085 mm, the adhesiveness of the adhesion tape 21 may be relatively low, making it difficult to adhere the insulation sheet 20 to a region between the battery cells 10. If the thickness of the adhesion tape 21 is greater than 0.085 mm, the heat insulating efficiency of the insulation sheet 20 may be undesirably lowered.
  • the insulation sheet 20 may be formed to be in 1.1% volume relative to the battery cells 10.
  • the volume of the insulation sheet 20 may be 1.1 % of the volume of the battery cells 10.
  • the secondary battery module 100 includes the plurality of battery cells 10, which may generate a large amount of heat while charging and discharging. This may cause thermal runaway in the battery cells 10 to melt separators constituting electrode assemblies of the battery cells 10, which may result in a direct contact between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, thereby causing short-circuits of the battery cells 10.
  • the generated heat of a high temperature may be transferred to an adjoining or adjacent battery cell and lead to a problem of consecutive explosions of the arranged battery cells.
  • metallic foreign materials which are nearly invisible by the naked eye, may be frequently inserted into gaps between the battery cells 10. Accordingly, while the secondary battery module 100 is in use, scratches may be generated on surfaces of the battery cells 10 due to vibrations or impacts to cause short-circuits by insulation breakdown occurring to the surfaces of the battery cells 10.
  • the insulation sheet 20 for blocking heat transfer between the adjoining battery cells 10 is provided.
  • the insulation sheet 20 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention can prevent or suppress the high-temperature heat generated in a battery cell from being transferred to its adjoining battery cell owing to excellent heat insulating efficiency, which is attributable to nano-sized SiO 2 particles holding air layers having heat insulation properties.
  • the secondary battery module 100 can reduce the weight of the aerogel insulation sheet and can demonstrate excellent insulating performance using a lightweight heat insulating material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
EP18181610.9A 2017-07-17 2018-07-04 Secondary battery module Active EP3432411B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020170090469A KR102461577B1 (ko) 2017-07-17 2017-07-17 이차전지 모듈

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3432411A1 EP3432411A1 (en) 2019-01-23
EP3432411B1 true EP3432411B1 (en) 2019-11-20

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Country Link
US (1) US11038226B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP3432411B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR102461577B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN109273803A (ko)

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KR102461577B1 (ko) 2022-11-01
CN109273803A (zh) 2019-01-25
EP3432411A1 (en) 2019-01-23
US20190020079A1 (en) 2019-01-17
US11038226B2 (en) 2021-06-15
KR20190008728A (ko) 2019-01-25

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