EP3419867A1 - Verfahren für eine aktivierung mindestens einer sicherheitsfunktion eines sicherheitssystems eines fahrzeuges - Google Patents

Verfahren für eine aktivierung mindestens einer sicherheitsfunktion eines sicherheitssystems eines fahrzeuges

Info

Publication number
EP3419867A1
EP3419867A1 EP17707495.2A EP17707495A EP3419867A1 EP 3419867 A1 EP3419867 A1 EP 3419867A1 EP 17707495 A EP17707495 A EP 17707495A EP 3419867 A1 EP3419867 A1 EP 3419867A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
communication
vehicle
signal
distance
identification transmitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP17707495.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Neuhoff
Boris Ziller
Mirko Schindler
Thomas Skaletz
Matthias Ihln
Jan BREER
Marc Feldsieper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3419867A1 publication Critical patent/EP3419867A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00341—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having more than one limited data transmission ranges
    • G07C2009/00357—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having more than one limited data transmission ranges and the lock having more than one limited data transmission ranges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00555—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G07C2209/64—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle using a proximity sensor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for activating at least one safety function of a safety system of a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a mobile identification transmitter according to the preamble of claim 14 and to a security system according to the preamble of claim 18.
  • Mobile identification transmitter ID transmitter
  • ID encoders can also be used for numerous other vehicle tasks to increase operator comfort and safety.
  • ID transmitter usually for communication of the ID transmitter with the vehicle (or with the Safety system of the vehicle) infrared systems or radio systems used in the low frequency range.
  • authentication data can be transmitted contactlessly (wirelessly) and thus, for example, check the access data in order to enable unlocking with positive authentication.
  • the authentication can be initiated, for example, by a user of the vehicle by pressing a button.
  • the signal with the authentication information eg. B. with access data, such as a code sent to a vehicle-mounted electronics of the security system.
  • access data such as a code sent to a vehicle-mounted electronics of the security system.
  • Such systems are also referred to as active keyless entry systems (for example, when a button needs to be actively pressed).
  • security systems with the so-called passive keyless entry or keyless go functionality are also increasingly being used.
  • the passive keyless entry functionality does not require any active operation of the ID transmitter (meaning without pressing a button) by the user. For example.
  • a wake-up signal from the vehicle via a radio link, in particular via a LF (low frequency / low frequency) - radio link, are transmitted to the identification transmitter. Then the ID transmitter is awakened and sends a radio signal with the code for authentication to the vehicle security system.
  • a radio link in particular via a LF (low frequency / low frequency) - radio link
  • the object is achieved in particular by a method for a, in particular keyless and / or passive keyless entry and / or keyless go, activation of at least one security function of a, preferably keyless and / or passive keyless entry and / or Keyless go, security system of a vehicle.
  • provision is made in particular for authentication to be carried out on the security system of the vehicle by means of a mobile identification transmitter, with at least one of the following steps being carried out, preferably (temporally) successively or in any order:
  • a limit eg., Maximum range
  • distance detection and / or localization is used to increase security in authentication.
  • it can be determined by the localization whether the identification transmitter is located spatially within or outside a security zone, for example a first or second security zone.
  • the determination of the distance preferably takes place as a determination of a specific distance, for example a distance.
  • Determining the at least one distance information about the distance of the mobile identification transmitter to the vehicle is preferably determined by determining the distance based on the at least one, preferably broadband, communication signal of the communication such that the signal propagation time of at least one first or second or third or further, preferably broadband , Communication signals is evaluated, preferably by a "time-of-flight" analysis and / or by a "ping" - analysis of the at least one communication signal.
  • the ping analysis includes z. B. sending one or more information (via the communication or the communication signal), such. For example, data packets sent by the transmitter (eg the vehicle or alternatively the ID transmitter).
  • the data packets are subsequently received and / or returned by the receiver (eg the ID transmitter or alternatively the vehicle) and / or response information is sent back.
  • the information sent back eg the data packet or the response information
  • / or the time until receipt of this information is then evaluated by the transmitter for determining the signal propagation time or distance determination.
  • a radio link measurement by ultra-wideband (UWB) or the communication signal as a UWB communication signal to z. B. to prevent a radio link extension of an LF signal.
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • the evaluation of the response time corresponds to the localization in this case.
  • the response times are z. B. in the nanosecond range, z. B. in a range of 1 ns to 1000 ns, preferably 100 ns to 100 ns and / or are chosen such that the ID transmitter at a safety distance of max. 1 m or max. 2 m or max. 6 m or max. 10 m or from max. 100 m vehicle must be removed (ie, for example, must be within a first or second safety zone).
  • the security information is, for example, information for the security system, which releases the activation of the security function, for. B. unlocking the vehicle.
  • This has the advantage that a manipulation attempt on the authentication process, z. B. an authentication of a gain of the authentication signal over a long distance, can be detected and prevented by the localization.
  • the communication with the ID transmitter can be used directly for localization, whereby the complexity and the costs for the implementation of the localization can be reduced.
  • the communication takes place z. B. as first and / or second communication and / or between a transceiver device of the ID transmitter and a detection and / or communication device of the vehicle, wherein the detection device z. B. comprises the communication device.
  • the detection device and / or the communication device is designed as a radio communication device for radio communication.
  • Data sequence such as a "ping signal” and the associated "ping signal” as a response signal understood, which z. B. is transmitted via radio, or it is alternatively or additionally including at least one (electromagnetic, in particular radio) signal understood (in the physical sense) whose properties such. B. the signal strength and / or signal delay, are evaluable.
  • the data sequence comprises at least information such. B. a transmitted (query information) and a received (response information), which z. B. can be transmitted sequentially to determine the signal transit time (ie also to estimate).
  • the activation of the security function takes place in dependence on a security information, which z. B. is determined in dependence on the distance information.
  • the security information includes information as to whether the ID transmitter is located within a safety zone around the vehicle and / or a maximum distance between the vehicle and the ID transmitter is not exceeded.
  • the activation of the security function takes place only when the ID transmitter is within this security zone and / or other conditions exist, such. B. the positive verification of an authentication code or the like.
  • the safety zone extends, for example, to the vehicle, in particular with a certain maximum radius (starting from the vehicle or with the vehicle as the center). This makes it possible to improve security in authentication, especially when using a keyless activation.
  • the keyless activation of the safety function preferably refers to the fact that the vehicle can be unlocked without active use of an ID transmitter (eg Autoschlitz) and / or can be started by the mere actuation of the start button.
  • ID transmitter eg Autoschlitz
  • PEPS Passive Entry / Passive Start
  • the determination of the security information is a further prerequisite for security functions which require the authentication.
  • the safety function is z. B. a function which an engine start and / or unlocking, z. B. a central locking, the Vehicle causes and / or releases. To unlock z. B. a closing device of the vehicle.
  • the inventive method is preferably used for keyless activation of the at least one safety function of the security system, in particular an access system, the vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle and / or passenger car and / or truck and / or electric vehicle and / or hybrid vehicle.
  • the vehicle preferably a motor vehicle and / or passenger car and / or truck and / or electric vehicle and / or hybrid vehicle.
  • several security zones are provided, for. B. a first security zone and a second security zone. It may be possible that a first safety information is determined when the vehicle is within the first safety zone, and / or a second safety information is determined when the vehicle is within the second safety zone, so that the location of the ID Also different consequences for the security system within different security zones. This allows, for example, the determination of different security ratings for different security zones and / or the activation of comfort functions.
  • the communication in particular a first communication, between the mobile identification transmitter and a communication device of the vehicle is performed, in particular the communication signal of communication between the mobile identification transmitter and the communication device of the vehicle is transmitted and / or the communication signal is a broadband communication signal, preferably an ultrabroadband signal, and / or an LF communication signal and / or an RF communication signal and / or a Bluetooth communication signal and / or an infrared communication signal.
  • The, in particular first, communication takes place in particular primarily and / or exclusively via ultra-wideband and thus via an ultra-wideband signal.
  • the determination according to step a) is carried out by determining the distance based on the communication signal such that the communication between the mobile identification transmitter and the communication device is evaluated.
  • the communication signal For example. is a signal delay of the Communication signal and / or a signal strength evaluated, wherein z. B. also the signal strength can be used to check the plausibility of the signal propagation time. This enables reliable localization to increase authentication security.
  • a (for example, first and / or second) communication takes place between the identification transmitter and the vehicle, in particular via a radio link, preferably by means of a broadband communication method, for. Eg ultra wide band.
  • the transferable via the communication or wireless connection and / or transmitted radio signals include z.
  • GPS information GPS, Global Positioning System
  • Encryption information (eg an encryption code)
  • Signals for distance determination in particular a query information and / or response information.
  • UWB ultra-wideband technology
  • English ultra-wideband
  • a first signal transmission takes place via a first communication and subsequently (eg to the answer) a second signal transmission via a second communication, whereby the radio frequencies and / or the communication mode of the first communication and differentiate the second communication.
  • the communication enables a localization (eg of the ID transmitter).
  • the communication in particular according to the UWB technology, an encrypted and / or highly accurate and / or tap-proof localization, for example, of the ID transmitter.
  • the localization is preferably based on a "time-of-flight" measurement, in particular under "line-of-sighf conditions, whereby the speed of light and / or the signal speed of the communication are preferably taken into account for localization and / or evaluation Localization with a resolution and / or accuracy in the range of 1 cm to 100 cm, preferably 10 cm to 50 cm, more preferably 5 cm to 15 cm
  • the "line-of-sight" condition is understood in particular to mean that the transmission the radio signals (eg only or exclusively) with and / or with direct visual contact between transmitter and receiver.
  • the security can be increased by the (first and / or second) communication only under "line of sight" conditions.
  • Transmitter and / or receiver of the (first and / or second) communication are preferably a communication device and / or detection device of the vehicle as well as a transceiver device of the ID transmitter.
  • the detection device is preferably a distance measuring device of the vehicle, i. H. a device which enables the distance determination (eg between ID transmitter and vehicle) and / or the reception of the distance information (direct).
  • the communication device and / or detection device is electrically and / or wirelessly connectable to a processing device, wherein the connection and / or the processing device z. B. further steps for distance determination and / or an evaluation of the distance determination or distance information carried out.
  • the communication device and / or detection device and / or processing device and / or the ID transmitter preferably comprises electronic components, such.
  • the vehicle is designed as a motor vehicle or as a passenger car or as a truck or as an electric vehicle or as a hybrid vehicle.
  • the security system preferably comprises an access system and / or a Central locking and / or a locking device and / or a locking system of the vehicle and / or is electrically connected to the electrically controllable door locks and / or closing elements, for example for automatically opening the trunk lid or for locking the doors of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle has a control unit which is connected to the on-board electronics.
  • the control unit can perform the authentication process or the authentication request with the ID transmitter. In this case, the control unit can be arranged directly in the locking device, or at a further relevant point of the vehicle.
  • the access control system is connected to a locking system which inter alia can lock and unlock the vehicle doors, tailgate, and the like. After a positive authentication unlocks the vehicle door and / or the tailgate, so that the user (operator) can actively open the door, tailgate.
  • the localization and / or distance information can be evaluated by a further external device.
  • the ID transmitter and / or the vehicle comprises an interface which is electrically and / or radio-connectable to the external device, in particular via the interface a (data) transmission, in particular the distance information or a dependent information takes place.
  • the transmitted (distance) information is used to display based on a user of the external device information that allows the identification of the ID transmitter.
  • the first and / or second communication is preferably carried out by means of ultra-wideband technology (UBB for short).
  • UWB ultra-wideband technology
  • the communication by means of UWB is based in particular on the technical consideration that the channel capacity increases linearly with the bandwidth of the transmission signal and logarithmically with its performance. For example.
  • the available bandwidth is narrow and constant.
  • UWB uses a very wide frequency range to enable a high channel capacity at reduced transmission power. This has the advantage that a Data transmission at very low power consumption by the (UWB) transmitter can be done.
  • the maximum output power of a UWB transmitter, such as B. the (first and / or second) communication unit is z. 1 mW. In particular, comes to communication, for.
  • a multiplexing method preferably a frequency division multiplexing method such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method and / or a code division as Code Division Multiple Access method, in particular direct-sequence code division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA), used.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • DS-CDMA direct-sequence code division Multiple Access
  • wirelessly pulse-shaped signals are transmitted for signal and / or data transmission. This z.
  • a shift of the pulses by means of (pseudo) random values, in which case (UWB) transmitter and (UWB) receiver take into account the same values for the displacement.
  • a temporal synchronization of (UWB) transmitter and (UWB) receiver takes place.
  • Transmitters and / or receivers may, for example, be a (first and / or second) communication unit and / or the associated communication interfaces and / or a communication device (of the vehicle) and / or a transmission unit.
  • the (UWB) transmitter and / or the (UWB) receiver comprises, for example, B.
  • Electronic components such as comparators for comparing received pulses and / or correlation receiver and / or integrated circuits and / or microprocessors and / or electronic components for performing a fast Fourier transformation.
  • the transmission of a distance information and / or the communication of the ID transmitter with the vehicle and / or with the safety system of the vehicle, in particular the data transmission of safety-relevant data, and / or the distance determination, in particular by means of UWB, is preferably carried out encrypted.
  • cryptographic security mechanisms such as RSA are used, which z.
  • connection keys and / or authentication mechanisms and / or the use of secret (private) and public keys and / or a symmetric and / or asymmetric cryptosystem and / or hybrid encryption There is thus achieved the advantage that a secure and reliable transmission is possible.
  • the communication via the broadband communication method, preferably via UWB, and / or by means of the broadband communication signal is preferably carried out over at least a large frequency range, preferably with a (total) bandwidth of (at least) 500 MHz to 900 MHz and / or (at least) 3.5 GHz to 10 GHz and / or at least 5 GHz and / or at least 2 GHz and / or at least 1 GHz and / or at least 500 MHz and / or at least 40% and / or at least 30% and / or at least 20% and / or at least 10% of the arithmetic mean of lower and upper cutoff frequency of the frequency band used.
  • the total bandwidth can be z. B.
  • the maximum mean value of the spectral power density is in the range between -90.0 dBm / MHz and -20.0 dBm / MHz, preferably a maximum of -41.3 dBm / MHz.
  • the data transmission rate for data transmission is preferably at least 1 Mbit / s or at least 4 Mbit / s or at least 6 Mbit / s, in particular at most 6.8 Mbit / s or 10 Mbit / s.
  • pulses are transmitted for (in particular UWB) communication.
  • the distance between the pulses may expediently be orders of magnitude higher than the pulse length. It is conceivable that a pulse width modulation technique and / or a pulse phase modulation technique be used for data transmission. This ensures fast, reliable and / or secure data communication. It may also be provided that, in accordance with the UWB communication, the distance determination also takes place by means of a distance measurement such as a transit time analysis of a (UWB) radio signal.
  • a frequency range of 22.0 GHz to 26.6 GHz can be used here.
  • the center frequency may be, for example, in the frequency range of about 1 GHz to 15 GHz and a frequency bandwidth of at least 500 MHz may be provided.
  • the transceiver device of the ID transmitter may be possible for the transceiver device of the ID transmitter to receive a signal from the vehicle (eg from the vehicle-side safety system and / or the communication device) via a radio link, and preferably with a processing unit is connected and / or connectable that the signal received via the radio link through the transceiver device, in particular a wake-up signal and / or information for distance determination, can be evaluated by the processing unit.
  • a signal from the vehicle eg from the vehicle-side safety system and / or the communication device
  • a processing unit is connected and / or connectable that the signal received via the radio link through the transceiver device, in particular a wake-up signal and / or information for distance determination, can be evaluated by the processing unit.
  • the radio connection a first radio connection of a first communication (such as a UWB radio connection) of a first transceiver unit and / or a second radio connection of a second communication (such as an LF and / or RF radio link) a second transmission Reception unit of the transceiver is.
  • the transceiver and / or the processing unit may be awoken due to the receipt of the signal.
  • Awakening refers in particular to the activation of functions and / or components of the ID transmitter or the transfer from a sleep state to a wake state, eg. B. with higher energy consumption.
  • the (wake-up) signal can in particular trigger a communication of the ID transmitter with the security system.
  • the (vehicle-mounted) safety system can have an access system (eg central locking for the vehicle doors) which has active keyless entry, passive keyless entry or keyless go functionality.
  • the security system is used z.
  • As the keyless activation of at least one safety function in particular an access system of the vehicle, in particular motor vehicle.
  • a by the (wake-up) signal initiated or the reception of the (wake-up) signal subsequent authentication process and / or a distance determination (with a positive result) for activation is necessary.
  • the positive result concerns z. Legs successful code check and / or code match during the authentication and / or a determined by the distance determination distance of the ID transmitter to the vehicle, which must be less than a maximum distance.
  • the security system of the vehicle can be activated, such. B. opening or closing a closing device of the vehicle, for. As well as doors or flaps in the rear and / or side region of the vehicle, starting the engine or activating or deactivating the immobilizer.
  • the (wake-up) signal is z. B. from at least one vehicle-side communication device and / or detection device of the security system.
  • communication parts, in particular antennas may be provided in different areas of the vehicle, for. B. outside the vehicle, in the interior, on the doors, especially the door handles, on the roof, in the rear and / or side area of the vehicle or in the trunk.
  • the range is severely limited and is also greatly attenuated and / or (completely) shielded by the vehicle body. This allows z. B. also a distance determination.
  • a device eg an ID transmitter
  • receiving the (wake-up) signal to be located inside or outside the vehicle, and preferably to distinguish the location within the vehicle from the location outside the vehicle become.
  • a further method for determining the distance can be used as support: After locating and / or receiving the signal and / or determining the distance (at positive result), for example, an authentication process is initiated, which in particular comprises sending a response signal to the security system, wherein the response signal may contain, for example, a code (access code) for identification verification
  • the ID transmitter in particular for a transceiver device of the ID transmitter and / or the (first and / or second) transceiver unit, to have an UWB and / or LF sensor.
  • Antenna is provided which can receive the (wake-up) signal from the vehicle Antenna of the ID transmitter, for example, a UWB and / or LF antenna, for receiving and a separate or the same antenna for sending signals can be provided.
  • communication parts may be provided which each have one or more antennas, in particular UWB antennas.
  • UWB Universal Mobile Broadband
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the communication parts are arranged on the vehicle such that an implementation of a MIMO method is possible.
  • the communication part in particular the respective antenna, is designed such that the design and / or the antenna parameters and / or the antenna design and / or the length and / or the extent of the antenna to the UWB method and / or the bandwidth used for communication (in particular UWB) is adapted.
  • the respective antennas is designed as a linear antenna and / or as a surface antenna and / or as a group antenna.
  • the length of the antenna is adapted to the center frequency and / or pulse length used for the communication.
  • the antenna design of the antenna can in particular a UWB-specific design, z. As a rugby ball antenna or in a tapered slot design.
  • the communication part in particular the antenna, have a planar, metallic structure and / or at least one waveguide.
  • the communication part / antenna is designed such that transmission and / or reception of high-frequency signals can be carried out.
  • the antenna may, for example, be designed as an omnidirectional antenna.
  • the communication part or the antenna may have a directivity, and for this purpose comprise at least one dipole element, in particular a three-dimensional dipole element.
  • a data transmission can furthermore preferably take place in such a way that a UWB-specific modulation type is used.
  • a modulation type is, for example, a pulse width modulation and / or a pulse phase modulation.
  • the information of the data transmission is modulated by encoding the polarity and / or the amplitude and / or the direction of pulses (emitted by the communication) to a communication signal.
  • z. B. also orthogonal pulses are used.
  • the communication may be possible to carry out the communication as a first communication via the communication signal as a first communication signal and a second communication via a second communication signal, the second communication signal having a different and / or lower frequency bandwidth than the first communication signal.
  • the first and / or second communication takes place between the mobile identification transmitter and a communication device of the vehicle.
  • the second communication signal is preferably a signal which differs from an ultra-wideband signal.
  • a different type of signal coding and / or signal encryption and / or multiplexing is preferably carried out than in the first communication.
  • the first and second communication are simultaneously available for communication, i. H. Data can be exchanged essentially simultaneously and / or independently of each other both via the first and the second communication. This has the advantage that there are alternative ways of communicating to increase reliability and security.
  • the distance determination according to step a) is performed by an evaluation of the communication signal and / or the communication by the vehicle, in particular by a central processing device and / or by a detection device, wherein the detection device preferably comprises a communication device for detecting of the communication signal.
  • the central processing device is, for example, a central vehicle electronics.
  • the detection device and / or communication device is connected to the processing device via a transmission system.
  • the detection device and / or the communication device and / or the processing device preferably comprises electronic components for decryption and / or decoding and / evaluation of the communication signal.
  • the evaluation is preferably carried out for distance determination and / or localization.
  • step a) the determination of the distance information and / or the distance determination according to step a) (eg by an evaluation of the communication signal) is performed by the identification transmitter, wherein the following step is preferably provided, in particular (eg in time) after step a):
  • Detecting, in particular receiving, the distance information by a detection device of the vehicle the detection device preferably comprising the communication device.
  • the determination of the distance information and / or the distance determination z. B. is performed exclusively by the identification transmitter, wherein preferably the identification transmitter determines the distance between the vehicle and the identification transmitter.
  • the identification transmitter and the detection device and / or the communication device and / or the processing device of the vehicle the distance determination and / or determination of the distance information, for. B. independently or together, perform. This allows z. B. increasing the accuracy and / or plausibility and / or redundancy in the distance determination.
  • the distance determination according to step a) may be determined by determining a signal propagation time, in particular of the at least one communication signal, and in particular only activating the safety function of the vehicle and / or if the authentication is performed Signal delay is below a predefined limit. It can preferably be provided that the distance information and / or the distance has such information over a distance between the identification transmitter and the vehicle that this information is present as time information (eg signal transit time) and / or as metric information , In particular, the security function of the vehicle is only activated and / or the authentication only then performed and / or only a (positive) safety information determined when the signal delay time is below the threshold as the maximum value, which z. B.
  • a safety distance of the ID transmitter from the vehicle of approximately 0.5 to 10 m, in particular a maximum of 4 to 6 m, preferably a maximum of 1 to 2 m corresponds.
  • the localization and / or the determination of the signal propagation time ie. H. in particular a runtime analysis is aborted when a response signal, which z. B. is used to determine the signal propagation time, is absent.
  • a response signal which z. B. is used to determine the signal propagation time
  • the distance determination and / or determination of the distance information and / or determination of the distance is performed by a processing unit of the identification transmitter and / or by the processing device of the vehicle.
  • a first signal in particular an interrogation signal
  • a second signal for example, second and / or second
  • the communication signal includes z. B. the first signal and / or the second signal and / or it is a first communication signal as the first signal and / or a second communication signal as the second signal (or response signal) is provided.
  • the communication signal is understood to be a radio connection, so that it is also conceivable for an existing radio link to have only first information as the first signal and second information as the second signal (or response signal) via the single (existing) communication signal (corresponding to FIG Radio connection) are transmitted.
  • an existing radio link to have only first information as the first signal and second information as the second signal (or response signal) via the single (existing) communication signal (corresponding to FIG Radio connection) are transmitted.
  • a combination of these methods is conceivable to z. B. to use different communication signals in a disturbed connection and / or disconnections.
  • a first interrogation signal is transmitted both via a first communication and a second interrogation signal (eg for distance determination and / or authentication) via a second communication is, preferably simultaneously or successively, in particular, the first communication of the second communication with respect to the respective communication (communication technology) is different.
  • the first communication is implemented as UWB or Bluetooth communication and the second communication as LF or HF communication.
  • a distance analysis is carried out for distance determination according to step a), at least one of the following steps being provided:
  • Receiving the query information preferably by a transmission-reception device of the identification transmitter or by the communication device of the vehicle,
  • a response information (response signal) via the communication, in particular via the or another communication signal, d. H.
  • a response information response information
  • the communication device or by the transceiver of the ID transmitter receives the response information from the communication, preferably by the communication device or by the transceiver of the ID transmitter,
  • Determining a signal transit time in particular between a first time of sending the query information and a second time of receiving the response information, Determining the distance information based on the signal propagation time.
  • the communication signal in the narrower sense means, in particular, that the communication signal is a signal (such as, for example, an electromagnetic wave) of a specific type of communication and / or a connection of the communication.
  • a signal in the sense of information and / or data can be understood, which is transmitted via the communication.
  • the time duration between the transmission of the query information about the communication signal, z. B. as a first communication signal, and the reception of the query information is evaluated as a first signal propagation time of the first communication signal. It is also conceivable that the time duration between the transmission of the response information about a further communication signal, in particular a second communication signal, and the reception of the response information as a second signal propagation time of the second communication signal can be construed.
  • the processing of the first and second signal propagation time for determining the total signal propagation time and thus indirectly the distance between ID transmitter and vehicle corresponds in particular to determining the distance information (via the distance through the distance determination based on the first and second communication signal).
  • the interrogation signal corresponds, for example, to the "ping" signal and the response signal to the "pong" signal.
  • the query information has an identifier (eg a digital and / or unique code) which makes it possible to identify the query information and / or delimit it from other signals or information.
  • the response information likewise receives a response identifier (eg, at the latest when transmitted by the ID transmitter or the vehicle), which is preferably identical to Identifier of the query information is.
  • the determination of the response identifier and / or assignment to a response information is preferably carried out as a function of the identifier of the query information whose reception has caused the transmission of the respective response information.
  • an identification of the response information associated with a query information is possible to determine the signal propagation time.
  • the query information and / or the response information is transmitted encrypted.
  • the distance determination according to step a) is carried out such that a time-critical evaluation of a signal propagation time, in particular of the communication signal, within a predetermined period of time is ensured, the evaluation for runtime analysis purely hardware-implemented and / or software-variant and / or real-time capable.
  • the evaluation can, for example, be carried out in real time so that the evaluation for runtime analysis is carried out by adapted software and / or adapted hardware such that the signal propagation time is ensured with a predetermined accuracy and / or resolution (eg of at most the predetermined time duration) is.
  • the predetermined time period is, for example, in a range of at most 1 ns to 20 s, preferably 10 ns to 10 s, preferably 100 ns to 1 s.
  • the hardware and / or software is adapted such that no undefined time jumps occur during the distance determination.
  • the first and / or second communication via (the communication) Bluetooth Low Energy takes place, for. B. as bidirectional communication between ID transmitter and Vehicle.
  • the ID transmitter cyclically and / or repeatedly transmits an authentication signal and / or interrogation signal via the first and / or second communication
  • the vehicle eg the communication device
  • the vehicle preferably receiving the interrogation signal and a response signal via the first and second or sends out second communication, in particular to perform the distance determination.
  • a distance determination and / or localization by means of LF radio and / or GPS (Global Positioning System) takes place at the same time.
  • the first and / or second communication is or has a communication connection, which is preferably maintained until a predefined maximum range is reached.
  • the communication connection is in particular actively separated (eg by the communication device and / or the transceiver device).
  • the maximum range defines the first or second safety zone.
  • the first security zone forms z. B. an outer security zone.
  • the vehicle emits a low-frequency magnetic field in order to establish a further (communication) connection to the ID transmitter over this.
  • further devices are activated upon entry (such as, for example, a second communication unit and / or a second transceiver unit).
  • the location within this second security zone is made plausible by (a distance determination by means of) Bluetooth Low Energy field strength values.
  • the second security zone forms, for example, a middle security zone.
  • a third security zone is provided as Nahzone, wherein here for the determination of the maximum range of the Nahzone z. B. the transmission power and / or evaluation of the received field strength (eg., In the distance determination) is limited.
  • a distance determination by means of a first or second communication via a high-frequency broadband communication signal thus z.
  • the distance information ie, for example, the decision as to whether the ID transmitter is within the corresponding safety zone, is determined by the ID transmitter itself.
  • first communication parts in particular UWB antennas
  • second communication parts in particular LF or HF antennas
  • the first communication parts serve to assist the localization by means of LF or HF by the additional localization and / or distance determination means UWB, and thus z. B. to reduce the number of LF or RF emitting resonant circuits.
  • the localization allows z. B. a location of the ID transmitter, z. B. outside the security zones.
  • the communication is performed by a first communication in a first frequency range and by a second communication in a second frequency range, wherein preferably the first frequency range has a greater bandwidth than the second frequency range, and more preferably at least has two or three or four times the bandwidth.
  • the communication includes, for example, some or all signals exchanged between the ID transmitter and the vehicle, eg. As authentication data and / or distance determination data, such as the query information and / or the response information (Ping and Pong signals). So it is in this sense z. B. conceivable that the authentication data (especially only) on the second communication and the query information only or via the first communication are transmitted.
  • the first communication between a first communication unit of the communication device of the vehicle and a first transceiver unit of the identification transmitter is performed, and preferably a second communication between a second communication unit of the communication device of the vehicle and a second transceiver unit the identification transmitter is performed.
  • the first frequency range of the first communication differs (clearly) from the second frequency range of the second communication, ie in particular different frequency bands are provided. It is also conceivable that the first communication for a first localization and the second communication for a second localization is performed to z. B. to increase the reliability and / or redundancy in localization.
  • the first and / or Second communication is preferably carried out as a radio communication, so that the frequency ranges relate in particular to the frequencies of the electromagnetic waves used for the communication. It may also be provided within the scope of the invention that a first localization z. B. based on a first communication, z. B. via a Bluetooth and / or Bluetooth low energy and / or ultra-wideband signal occurs, and preferably a second location based on a second communication takes place, which differs from the first communication in relation to the type of communication (communication technology, such as Bluetooth) different.
  • communication technology such as Bluetooth
  • the first localization preferably allows localization relative to the first security zone and / or the second localization enables localization relative to the second security zone and / or plausibility of the first localization and / or localization with higher accuracy. Accordingly, for example, based on the first communication, a first distance determination for determining a first distance information and the second communication a second distance determination for determining a second distance information can be performed.
  • the first safety zone preferably has a smaller radius than the second safety zone or vice versa.
  • the second communication may be implemented as the UWB communication, and the first communication as the RF or LF or Bluetooth communication.
  • a first transceiver unit of the ID transmitter for the first communication with the first communication unit of the communication device in particular by means of a first communication technology, for. B. Bluetooth or UWB, is used, and / or a second transceiver unit of the ID transmitter for the second communication with the second communication unit of the communication device, in particular by means of a second communication technology, for. B. Bluetooth or UWB, is used, and / or a second transceiver unit of the ID transmitter for the second communication with the second communication unit of the communication device, in particular by means of a second
  • the first communication technology is particularly preferably a Bluetooth technology or an ultra-wideband Technology or RF (High Frequency) radio technology or LF (Low Frequency) radio technology.
  • the second communication technology is a Bluetooth technology or an ultra-wideband technology or LF radio technology or an HF radio technology. This allows versatile options for data transfer and / or distance determination via various types of communication.
  • the extension of the security zone preferably the first and second and / or further security zones, preferably a radius of the security zone, depends on the communication technology which is used for localization and / or distance determination for the corresponding security zone.
  • a first or second communication unit of the communication device of the vehicle and / or a first or second transceiver unit of a transceiver of the identification transmitter cyclically and / or repeats an initiation information for initiating the communication between the Identification transmitter and the communication device emits. This allows reliable implementation of the first and / or second communication.
  • a further advantage can be achieved in the context of the invention if, by evaluating the distance information, the localization of the identification transmitter takes place relative to at least one safety zone of the vehicle as a function of the distance information, whereby the extent of the safety zone is thereby adapted and / or the distance determination is carried out is that the transmitting and / or receiving power of a transmitting-receiving device, in particular a first transceiver unit, the identification transmitter is adjusted, and / or the transmission and / or reception power of the communication device of the vehicle, in particular a first communication unit is adjusted.
  • the advantage is achieved that the determination of the distance, z. B. on the basis of the maximum reception range, simple and inexpensive to perform.
  • the following step is provided, preferably before the initiation of the communication: Monitoring for an initiation signal, in particular wake-up signal, and / or emission of an initiation signal, in particular cyclically, in particular by a communication device of the vehicle and / or a transceiver device of the identification transmitter.
  • the initiation signal is a first communication signal, wherein, for example, the distance determination is carried out on the basis of the initiation signal.
  • the authentication and / or determination of the distance is initiated by the reception of the initiation signal (eg by the ID transmitter). This allows reliable localization and energy savings in distance detection.
  • an initiation signal (for initiating an authentication) is evaluated during the distance determination.
  • the distance to the ID transmitter can also be determined directly upon receipt of the initiation signal by the vehicle. This is z. B. possible if the ID transmitter evaluates the initiation signal as an interrogation signal and then transmits a response signal to the vehicle.
  • a second communication it may be possible for a second communication to be activated on the basis of the reception of the initiation signal by a first communication in order to carry out the distance determination via this. For example.
  • the ID transmitter transmits an interrogation signal via the second communication when the initiation signal has been received via the first communication, and / or then waits for the receipt of a response signal.
  • a first communication via the communication signal is initiated as a first communication signal as a function of a second communication via a second communication signal, preferably by receiving an initiation information, in particular of the second communication signal, by the identification transmitter the first communication is initiated.
  • This makes it possible, for example, first to transmit for the initiation information and / or an initiation signal via an energy-saving type of communication (such as HF or LF), and then to activate a further communication, such as the second communication, which, for example, has a higher energy consumption.
  • an energy-saving type of communication such as HF or LF
  • the second communication which, for example, has a higher energy consumption.
  • the first communication as an RF or LF radio communication
  • the second communication as a UWB or Bluetooth communication.
  • a distance determination is carried out by a first communication based on a transit time analysis and / or signal strength, in particular a first communication signal, and by a second communication based on a signal strength and / or range limitation, in particular a second communication signal.
  • the range limitation is achieved, for example, by reducing a second communication unit and / or a second transceiver unit with respect to the reception and / or transmission power.
  • first and / or second communication may be initiated as a function of the localization of the identification transmitter in the (eg first and / or second) security zone and / or further security zones, in particular the subsequent steps, preferably ( eg temporally) before step a) are provided:
  • first a "simplified" distance determination takes place within the first security zone, and only when entering the second security zone, for example, an improved and / or secure and / or tamper-proof distance determination by the second communication takes place be possible that the second communication is maintained, in particular, as long as the identification transmitter is located in the second security zone and / or the first security zone, preferably at Simultaneous plausibility of localization by the first communication.
  • the first communication may also be possible for the first communication to be maintained as long as the identification transmitter is located in the first security zone.
  • a first safety zone and / or a second safety zone respectively extend around an area around the vehicle, preferably each with a maximum radius of 1 m to 150 m, preferably 2 m to 100 m, particularly preferably 3 m to 10 m, in particular 4 m to 6 m, and / or from 1 m to 8 m, preferably 2 m to 4 m.
  • the maximum radius of the first safety zone may differ from the maximum radius of the second safety zone.
  • the second security zone has a smaller extent than the second security zone, wherein in particular the maximum extent and / or the maximum radius of the first security zone is determined as a function of the maximum range of the first communication.
  • the vehicle is the center of the respective safety zone.
  • the safety zone does not form an exact circle and / or has no constant radius, but the shape of the expansion is influenced, for example, by the surroundings of the vehicle.
  • the security zone is also determined by the fact that there must be a line of sight connection between transmitter (eg vehicle) and receiver (eg ID transmitter).
  • both a first communication and a second communication via UWB takes place, wherein the parameterization of the first (UWB) communication differs from the parameterization of the second (UWB) communication.
  • the frequency ranges and / or the range of the first and second (UWB) communication may differ from one another, so that, for example, also differently configured security zones are provided for the respective communication.
  • the first and / or second communication between the identification transmitter and the vehicle is encrypted and / or carried out forgery-proof, wherein preferably the data transmitted by the communication and / or the distance information is encrypted.
  • a further coding of the Data and / or distance information is preferably understood as a security function for preventing a deliberate manipulation of the transmission or data.
  • encodings which are used (eg exclusively) to enable data transmission (character encoding, multiplexing, spreading codes, etc.), in particular if they are used only for transmission and not for protection against manipulation.
  • a deliberate manipulation means in particular the unauthorized deliberate change of the data transmission caused by a person.
  • a mobile identification transmitter for activating at least one safety function of a security system of a vehicle and / or for authentication to a security system of a vehicle, wherein wireless communication between the identification transmitter and a communication device of the vehicle is feasible.
  • a transceiver device is provided, wherein by the transceiver device, a determination of at least one distance information about a distance of the mobile identification transmitter to the vehicle by a distance determination based on a communication signal is feasible.
  • the inventive mobile identification transmitter brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to a method according to the invention.
  • the mobile identification transmitter may be suitable to be operable in accordance with a method according to the invention.
  • the transceiver device comprises a first transceiver unit and a second transceiver unit, the first transceiver unit having an ultra-wideband interface and / or a Bluetooth interface and / or a Bluetooth Low Energy interface, and preferably the second transceiver unit prefers a Bluetooth and / or Bluetooth low energy and / or LF and / or RF interface.
  • both the first and the second transceiver unit have an ultra-wideband interface and / or both the first and the second communication unit of the vehicle have an ultra-wideband interface which z. B. are parameterized differently.
  • the identification transmitter comprises an encryption unit, whereby preferably an encrypted transmission of the distance information to the communication device is feasible.
  • the encryption unit comprises a decryption unit and / or a decryption unit of the mobile identification transmitter is provided in addition to the encryption unit.
  • an encrypted transmission of one or more authentication information (such as codes) to the security system can be carried out.
  • a safety system for a vehicle in particular for a keyless activation of at least one safety function.
  • the security system at least comprises:
  • a mobile identification transmitter in particular a mobile identification transmitter according to the invention, for authentication to the security system
  • a communication device of the vehicle for communication with the identification transmitter via at least one communication signal
  • a distance determining device for determining at least one distance information about a distance of the mobile identification transmitter to the
  • Vehicle by a distance determination based on the communication signal.
  • the security system brings about the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to a method according to the invention and / or an ID transmitter according to the invention.
  • the security system may be suitable to be operable in accordance with a method according to the invention.
  • the communication device has at least two communication units on the vehicle, wherein a first communication unit is designed as an ultra-wideband interface and / or Bluetooth interface and / or Bluetooth low energy interface, and preferably a second communication unit as a Bluetooth interface and / or is designed as a Bluetooth low energy interface and / or as an LF and / or HF interface.
  • a detection device comprises a communication device for communicating with the identification transmitter with at least two communication units on the vehicle. It is also conceivable that further communication units, such. B. a third and / or fourth communication unit, are provided on the vehicle. Preferably, the communication units allow communication with different types of communication.
  • a first communication is possible by the first communication unit
  • a second communication is possible by the second communication unit, wherein the first communication differs from the second communication in relation to the type of communication.
  • a second communication unit of the vehicle comprises a Bluetooth and / or LF and / or HF communication interface, which differ at least partially from the communication interfaces of a first communication unit of the vehicle.
  • the first communication unit of the vehicle comprises at least one of the following communication interfaces: Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy, ultra-broadband, or the like.
  • the communication is in particular the first and / or second communication, a bidirectional communication, in particular between the ID transmitter and the vehicle.
  • the (first and / or second and / or a Bluetooth or Bluetooth low energy) communication unit serves as a communication interface to the ID transmitter, or as a gateway and / or data transmission of vehicle information to the ID transmitter and / or implementation of comfort features, such as For example, finding the ID transmitter via RSSI (RSSI) values of the BTLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) Advertising / Connected Telegrams.
  • the gateway is used for. B. for transmitting information from z.
  • Third party devices such as a mobile phone, to the vehicle (eg, via Bluetooth or Bluetooth Low Energy).
  • communication is established as a communication connection and preferably maintained until the determined distance has a maximum range between the ID transmitter and the vehicle (or vehicle) the communication device) is reached and / or exceeded. In particular, it is defined by the maximum range of a first or second or third security zone.
  • the query for receiving the initiation signal is z. B. cyclically performed to allow energy savings.
  • a distance determination takes place both by a first communication, z. B. LF communication, as well as by a second communication, z. B. UWB communication, in particular based on the corresponding first and second communication signals.
  • z. B. if the ID transmitter is within the first and / or second security zone, the first or second communication used to support the localization by the corresponding other second or first communication and / or to improve and / or plausibility.
  • a transmission system of the vehicle for. B. for in-vehicle transmission of the distance information and / or for connecting at least one communication part with the communication device, wherein the transmission system comprises at least one bus system, preferably a LIN (Local Interconnect Network) and / or CAN (Control Area Network) and / or SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and / or l2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus) bus system, and preferably comprises an encryption device or is electrically connected to the encryption device.
  • LIN Local Interconnect Network
  • CAN Control Area Network
  • SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
  • l2C Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus
  • the I 2 C bus system preferably relates to the communication between a distance-measuring component of the vehicle, such as the detection device and / or a communication part (eg the detection device), and a microcontroller (eg the detection device).
  • a distance-measuring component of the vehicle such as the detection device and / or a communication part (eg the detection device), and a microcontroller (eg the detection device).
  • a microcontroller eg the detection device.
  • an encryption of the data transmission of the bus system and / or between the distance-measuring component and the processing device takes place. It is also conceivable that a combination of said bus systems is used.
  • the detection device may also comprise at least one communication part, in particular an antenna and / or a satellite component, for transmitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves of a communication signal, wherein the distance information particularly preferably is encrypted from each communication part via the transmission system to the processing device is transferable.
  • Preference is given to at least two or at least three or at least four and / or at least five communication parts on the vehicle, for. B. partially on a roof of the vehicle arranged.
  • the encryption already takes place within the communication part or only in a detection evaluation unit of the detection device.
  • each of the communication parts in each case has a detection evaluation unit which, for B. is used for encryption and / or decryption. Accordingly, it may be provided that each of the communication parts a z. B. has public key information to ensure reliable encryption. The thus encrypted data can then z. B. only on the basis of secret key information, but not by the public key information to be decrypted.
  • At least one communication part is arranged on the roof of the vehicle, wherein the communication part is electrically connected to a communication device of the vehicle.
  • at least one further communication part for. B. at the rear of the vehicle, is arranged and / or arranged in the vehicle interior. It can continue be possible that a determination of distance information about the distance of the identification transmitter to the vehicle by an evaluation of the communication is feasible by a transmission-reception device of the identification transmitter, and the distance information is transferable to the security system, preferably to the at least one communication part. This allows a reliable and reliable determination of the distance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle
  • Figure 2-4 are schematic views of a vehicle in a plan view
  • Figure 5-7 are schematic representations of a security system according to the invention
  • Figure 8 + 9 further schematic representations of an inventive
  • FIG. 10 shows a further schematic illustration of parts of a device according to the invention
  • Figure 1 1 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle with an inventive
  • Figure 12 is a schematic representation of the visualization of an inventive
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle 1 in a side view.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises at least parts of a security system 200 according to the invention.
  • a communication unit 30 and a processing device 60 are provided on and / or in the vehicle 1.
  • a proximity sensor 2 for detecting an approach of an operator of the vehicle 1 in the region of a door handle of the vehicle 1 is also arranged.
  • the communication unit 30 serves to communicate with a mobile identification transmitter 300.
  • a communication field K is generated by the communication unit 30, wherein information can be transmitted wirelessly via radio waves of the communication field K.
  • communication signals S are received and / or transmitted by the communication unit 30, preferably via the communication field K.
  • the communication field K (as an ultra-wideband communication field K) is used to transmit ultra-wideband communication signals S, in which case the communication signal S uses radio waves (of the communication field K), which lie in a particularly wide frequency spectrum.
  • the ultra-wideband communication signals S thus preferably comprise a particularly broad frequency spectrum.
  • a frequency range with a bandwidth of at least 500 MHz is preferably used. Accordingly, the communication signal S may be referred to as a broadband communication signal S.
  • At least one safety zone Z may be provided around the vehicle, the extent of the safety zone Z being defined in particular as a function of the communication field K and / or a communication of the vehicle 1. This is shown schematically in Figure 2, wherein the circular shape of the communication field K and / or the security zone Z is merely illustrative. In reality, the range and / or the extent of the security zone Z can also run irregularly depending on an environment of the vehicle 1.
  • the security zone Z and / or different security zones Z of the vehicle 1 can each be determined or defined in different ways.
  • the range of the communication via the communication signal S in particular by the extent of the communication field K determined.
  • the security zone Z may be defined according to a first possibility.
  • a distance determination can be used to carry out a determination of a distance A between the identification transmitter 300 and the vehicle 1. If the security zone Z is determined by the maximum range of the communication field K, for distance determination z. B. in the absence of communication assume that the identification transmitter 300 is outside the security zone Z. In this case, the distance determination is performed based on the maximum communication range.
  • the safety zone Z is defined as a defined maximum distance to the vehicle 1, which, for example, is within the maximum communication range.
  • the communication is then actively carried out and received signals are evaluated.
  • the distance determination must determine distance information about a specific distance A of the identification transmitter 300 to the vehicle 1. This can be done, for example, by a transit time analysis of the communication signal S.
  • the evaluation of the communication signal S for distance determination corresponds in particular to an evaluation of the communication between the vehicle 1 and the identification transmitter 300 and / or an evaluation of the communication field K.
  • the determination of the distance and / or an evaluation of the distance information obtained by a processing device 60 of the vehicle 1 enables a precise localization of the identification transmitter 300 relative to the safety zone Z.
  • the distance determination is, for example, then initiated when an approach sensor 2 of the vehicle 1, an approximation of Identification transmitter 300 is detected.
  • the distance determination can also be initiated as soon as a communication of the vehicle 1 with the identification transmitter 300 is possible and / or a connection has been set up for communication.
  • the determination of the distance can also be initiated by monitoring the entry of the identification transmitter 300 into a specific safety zone Z, and initiating the determination of the distance during or after the occurrence.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 it is shown schematically that several security zones Z can also be provided. For example.
  • a first security zone Z1 and a second security zone Z2, as well as possibly a third security zone Z3 and / or further security zones Z may be provided.
  • the third safety zone Z3 with the smallest distance to the vehicle 1 forms a comfort zone Z3, wherein a localization of the identification transmitter 300 within the comfort zone Z3 (in particular only) causes the activation of comfort functions.
  • a comfort function is, for example, an activation of an apron lighting of the vehicle 1, which preferably occurs when the identification transmitter 300 enters the comfort zone Z3.
  • Another comfort feature is, for example, the activation of a vehicle lighting.
  • the first safety zone Z1 extends in particular at a greater distance from the vehicle 1 than the second safety zone Z2.
  • the identification transmitter 300 is, for example, then located in the first security zone Z1 when a second communication is initiated by a second communication unit 32, for example an LF communication between the vehicle 1 and the identification transmitter 300.
  • a second communication unit 32 for example an LF communication between the vehicle 1 and the identification transmitter 300.
  • a first communication of a first communication unit 31 with the identification transmitter 300 preferably via ultra-wide band, initiated become.
  • a distance determination can then be carried out again, for example via an evaluation of the communication signal S of the first communication, ie of a first communication signal S1. This renewal distance determination can preferably be repeated cyclically.
  • a distance A of the identification transmitter 300 from the vehicle 1 is determined by this renewed distance determination which is equal to and / or less than the distance of the second safety zone Z2 from the vehicle 1, localization of the identification transmitter 300 takes place within the second safety zone Z2.
  • an authentication process can be carried out, for example. It can then be carried out in turn a new distance determination. If a distance A of the identification transmitter 300 from the vehicle 1 is detected by this distance determination, which is the same and / or less than the distance of the third safety zone Z3 from the vehicle 1, a localization of the identification transmitter 300 within the third security zone Z3.
  • a renewed authentication process can be carried out and / or a comfort function can be activated and / or an access system of the vehicle 1 can be activated and / or a door and / or a lock of the vehicle 1 be opened.
  • the security system 200 comprises at least one detection device 10 and / or at least one communication device 20.
  • the communication device 20 may be, for example, at least part of the detection device 10 of the vehicle 1.
  • the communication device 20 and / or the detection device 10 may be electrically connected to one another and / or be designed as a (common), in particular electrical, component.
  • the communication device 20 receives the signals of the communication, if necessary evaluates and in particular performs a distance determination and / or detects the distance information.
  • the communication device 20 may also form (or correspond to) the detection device 10 and / or vice versa.
  • the communication device 20 and / or the detection device 10 comprises at least one communication unit 30, preferably a first communication unit 31 and a second communication unit 32.
  • the first communication unit 31 serves a first communication with the identification transmitter 300 and the second communication unit 32 serves a second communication with the Identification transmitter 300.
  • a first communication signal S1 and for the second communication a second communication signal S2 is used.
  • the first communication is carried out via the first communication signal S1 for distance determination.
  • the second communication can also be used via the second communication signal S2, in order, for example, to use the second communication signal S2.
  • B. to transmit a wake-up signal to the identification transmitter 300 and / or also perform a distance determination.
  • the transmission of the wake-up signal and the subsequent monitoring of a response signal can be understood as a distance determination (in relation to the maximum communication range, which is used as an indicator for entering a Safety zone Z and / or for the required distance A is used).
  • a first and second communication is simultaneously used.
  • the distance determination can be carried out, wherein the result of the distance determination (ie the distance information) is plausibility based on a further distance determination by the first communication with the first communication signal S1.
  • an authentication is carried out via the first and / or second communication. It may further be provided that the first communication is only used if, for example, the second communication is disturbed.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structure of a detection device 10 and / or a communication device 20 of a security system 200 according to the invention.
  • the detection device 10 and / or the communication device 20 in this case comprises at least one communication unit 30, in particular a first communication unit 31 and a second communication unit 32.
  • the first communication unit 31 comprises at least one first communication interface 31.1, in particular an ultra-wideband interface and / or a Bluetooth interface
  • the second communication unit 32 comprises at least one second communication interface 32.1, preferably an LF interface and / or an HF interface.
  • FIG. 9 shows that optionally the first communication unit 31 can have at least one further first communication interface 31.2, preferably a Bluetooth interface.
  • the second communication unit 32 may comprise a further second communication interface 32.2, preferably an RF interface and / or Bluetooth interface.
  • the communication interfaces serve to carry out the first and / or second communication via the corresponding communication technology.
  • Communication interfaces also each with corresponding communication parts 35, such as antennas, be electrically connected.
  • the communication device 20 is capable of communicating with the identification transmitter 300 via one or more communication technologies.
  • the communication device 20 can of course also have only a single (for example first) communication unit 30, 31 and / or only a single (for example first) communication interface, so that only a single (for example first) communication via a single Communication technology with the identification transmitter 300 is possible, for example via ultra-wideband.
  • the information of the communication signals S thus received via the communication parts 35 from the communication device 20 are then transmitted to a processing device 60 of the vehicle 1 via a transmission system 50 of the vehicle 1.
  • the information, such as distance information can be transmitted, for example, encrypted.
  • the communication device 20 and / or each (or only a single) communication unit 30 comprises at least one encryption device 40 for this purpose.
  • the encryption device 40 is embodied, for example, as an integrated circuit, in particular as a security chip.
  • the information is transmitted by at least one transmission station 51 of the vehicle 1.
  • the transmission system 50 is designed, for example, as a bus system of the vehicle 1.
  • the transmission station 51 is then, for example, a bus subscriber of the transmission system 50.
  • the processing device 60 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 can be used, which, for example, is designed as a central processing device 60 of a central vehicle electronics of the vehicle 1.
  • the processing device 60 is provided, for example, centrally in the vehicle 1.
  • the processing device 60 may preferably be arranged (limited) distributed in the vehicle 1 and have a plurality of components.
  • the components of the communication device 20 and / or the detection device 10 may preferably be arranged distributed in the vehicle, wherein the communication units 30 (and / or the respective communication interfaces) may each be arranged and / or formed separately from each other.
  • the communication device 20 and / or the detection device 10 as a spatially limited component in the vehicle 1 and / or spatially limited in the vehicle 1 is arranged and / or formed.
  • the membership of the communication units 30 to the communication device 20 thus preferably corresponds to a purely functional (logical) affiliation.
  • a distance determination can be carried out by a detection evaluation unit 11 of the detection device 10 and / or the communication device 20.
  • the detection evaluation unit 1 1 and / or the processing device 60 for example, electronic components such as integrated circuits and / or processors to perform the distance determination and / or an evaluation of the distance information.
  • the processing device 60 comprises, in particular, an evaluation device 61.
  • the processing device 60 In order for the distance information to be evaluated, it must preferably first be decrypted.
  • the processing device 60 is electrically, in particular electronically, connected to a decryption device 62.
  • the evaluation device 61 optionally also perform the decryption itself, so that no decryption device 62 must be provided.
  • the processing device 60 is electrically connected to a data storage unit 63, wherein in the data storage unit 63 for the processing device 60 and / or the evaluation device 61 is readably stored a digital key information for decryption.
  • the digital key information is, for example, a cryptographic key.
  • the evaluation device 61 and / or the decryption device 62 and / or the data storage unit 63 of the processing device 60 can preferably be arranged on a common board and / or electrically connected to one another, as shown schematically in FIG. 9, for example.
  • the data storage unit 63 is only optionally provided as a separate component, which is illustrated by a dashed line in Figure 9.
  • the data storage unit 63 may also be integrated in the evaluation device 61 and / or in the decryption device 62, for example as a flash memory.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structure of a mobile identification transmitter 300 of a security system 200 according to the invention.
  • the mobile identification transmitter 300 in this case comprises a transceiver device 310, which serves for communication with the vehicle 1, in particular with the communication device 20.
  • the transceiver 310 has at least one transceiver unit 320, preferably a first transceiver unit 321 for carrying out a first communication with the vehicle 1 and a second transceiver unit 322 for Carrying out a second communication with the vehicle 1.
  • a single (eg, first) transceiver unit 320, 321 can be provided, so that only a single (eg, first) communication can be carried out.
  • the first transceiver unit 321 is embodied, for example, for carrying out an ultra-wideband communication
  • / or the second transceiver unit 322 is embodied, for example, for carrying out an LF and / or HF communication.
  • communication signals S in particular a first communication signal S1 and / or a second communication signal S2 are transmitted to the communication device 20 of the vehicle 1 wirelessly.
  • the transmission can, for example, be encrypted, for which purpose an encryption unit 331 of the identification transmitter 300 is provided and / or electrically connected to the transceiver 310 (directly or indirectly).
  • a distance determination by the identification transmitter 300 based on the communication signal S is performed.
  • a processing unit 330 is used as a distance-determining device 400.
  • Figure 1 1 shows a plan view of a vehicle 1 which has a security system 200 according to the invention.
  • the security system 200 comprises at least one communication device 20, which serves for communication with an identification transmitter 300.
  • Two different communication units 30 of the communication device 20 are shown in FIG. 11, wherein, of course, only a single one of these communication units 30 can be provided.
  • the communication device 20 and / or the communication unit 30 comprises at least one communication part 35, which is designed, for example, as an antenna and / or satellite.
  • a first communication part 35.1 may be arranged on a roof of the vehicle 1.
  • further communication parts 35 are arranged on the side area of the vehicle 1 and / or on the roof of the vehicle 1.
  • further first communication parts 35.1 are provided on the vehicle 1, which each serve for the first communication with the identification transmitter 300.
  • the first communication part 35.1 or each first communication part 35.1 is electrically connected to a first communication unit 31 of the vehicle 1.
  • the second communication part 35.2 or each second communication part 35.2 serves for the second communication by the second communication unit 32 and is electrically connected to the second communication unit 32 of the vehicle 1.
  • the electrical connection of the first communication part 35.1 to the first communication unit 31 and / or the second communication part 35.2 to the second communication unit 32 takes place, for example, via electrical lines and / or via a transmission system 50, wherein in particular the information transmitted via the transmission system 50 is transmitted in encrypted form , Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the electrical connection between the first communication unit 31 with a processing device 60 and / or the electrical connection of the second communication unit 32 with the processing device 60 via the transmission system 50 takes place.
  • the information, in particular the distance information acquired by the first communication unit 31 can be transmitted in encrypted form to the processing device 60 via the transmission system 50.
  • the processing device 60 serves, in particular, as a distance-determining device 400 for (additional) determination, plausibility and / or evaluation of the distance information.
  • the encrypted transmission can thus ensure the security of the distance determination and / or the evaluation of the distance information.
  • the first communication part 35.1 and / or the second communication part 35.2 are embodied, for example, as an antenna and / or transmitter and / or receiver for communication, in particular by means of a UWB communication method.
  • the first communication part 35.1 and / or the second communication part 35.2 is preferably arranged asynchronously (on the vehicle 1).
  • FIG. 12 schematically illustrates a method 100 according to the invention. According to a first method step 100.1, at least one distance information about a
  • the distance information is evaluated, whereby a localization of the identification transmitter 300 relative to at least one security zone Z of the vehicle 1 takes place as a function of the distance information.
EP17707495.2A 2016-02-26 2017-02-16 Verfahren für eine aktivierung mindestens einer sicherheitsfunktion eines sicherheitssystems eines fahrzeuges Pending EP3419867A1 (de)

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CN108698561A (zh) 2018-10-23
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DE102017103187A1 (de) 2017-08-31
US10906508B2 (en) 2021-02-02

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