EP3414365B1 - Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech - Google Patents

Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3414365B1
EP3414365B1 EP17702054.2A EP17702054A EP3414365B1 EP 3414365 B1 EP3414365 B1 EP 3414365B1 EP 17702054 A EP17702054 A EP 17702054A EP 3414365 B1 EP3414365 B1 EP 3414365B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
sheet
forming
electrochemical graining
aluminum alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17702054.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3414365A1 (de
Inventor
Frank Hirschmann
Kathrin Eckhard
Bernhard Kernig
Gernot NITZSCHE
Henk-Jan Brinkman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Speira GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH filed Critical Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
Publication of EP3414365A1 publication Critical patent/EP3414365A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3414365B1 publication Critical patent/EP3414365B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
    • B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
    • B41J2/17503—Ink cartridges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/02—Etching
    • C25F3/04—Etching of light metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a strip or sheet of an aluminum alloy with an at least partially provided, one- or two-sided, prepared for a forming process surface structure, in particular a band or sheet for formed vehicle components. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a strip or sheet with a prepared for a forming process one or two-sided surface structure of an aluminum alloy and a corresponding use of a formed band or sheet.
  • tapes and sheets for the manufacture of automotive components are usually made of AA7xxx, AA6xxx, AA5xxx or AA3xxx aluminum alloys. They are characterized by medium to very high strength and a very good forming behavior.
  • the strengths are essentially material properties, whereas the formability is influenced by, inter alia, the material properties, the surface topography, the lubricant quantity, the lubricant type and the tool surface in combination.
  • the material itself with its forming properties, such as the elongation at break in the foreground.
  • the surface topography or the surface structure of the strip or sheet also plays a major role and the proportion of lubricants on the surface of the sheet.
  • the tool material, the tool surface, the contact pressure during forming, the temperature and the forming speed have a great influence.
  • aluminum alloy strips and sheets are usually provided with a surface structure in the last pass to be applied to the strip or sheet surface. or to introduce depressions on both sides, which serve as lubricant pockets. These lubricant pockets leave an applied lubricant on the surface of the sheet until the forming process and allow for greater degrees of deformation of the sheet or strip.
  • the lubricant can also be transported out of the lubricant pockets to other areas of the sheet to provide local lubrication.
  • the rollers used are provided with a texture which, depending on the chosen process for structuring the roller leads to a different texture on the belt.
  • a surface structure produced by an electrical discharge texturing (EDT) process provides a high number of peaks in the surface profile.
  • An Electron Beam Texturing (EBT) process can be used to provide controlled distribution of wells in the surface.
  • SBT shot blasting texturing
  • the embossing rollers can also be textured.
  • a textured chrome layer or laser textured surfaces were used. What is common to all production steps is that the surface structure is transferred from the roller to the surface of the aluminum strip by means of a roller-embossing step. Typically, the thickness of the band is reduced again in order to be able to transfer the texture.
  • electrochemical graining of an aluminum surface is known for the manufacture of lithographic printing plate supports for roughening the surfaces.
  • Electrochemical graining in contrast to electrochemical etching, which uses direct current, takes place using alternating current or pulsed direct current. This ensures that the etching process is interrupted again and again and the surface is not deep, for example, deep channels are etched, but only superficial troughs are generated, so a graining or roughening of the surface is achieved.
  • lithographic printing plate supports are not intended for further forming.
  • the Japanese patent application JP S63 141722 discloses a method for producing a hard-rolled aluminum sheet for forming processes, in which deep microchannels are etched by electrolytic etching, which serve to anchor a polyamide layer on the sheet. About the polyamide layer, the deformation of the sheet is to be facilitated.
  • the present invention is not concerned with the provision of sheets and tapes with polyamide coating. Rather, tapes and sheets are to be provided, which are used, for example, in the vehicle and painted after forming. The improvement of the forming properties of the bands or sheets should therefore be achieved without a polyamide coating.
  • JP H06 287722 describes a process for coating an aluminum strip with fluoroplastic, wherein the Surface of the tape is also initially etched electrolytically using direct current.
  • the German patent application DE 103 45 934 For example, there is disclosed a formed aluminum ribbon for automotive components wherein the surface is conventionally roll coined using, for example, EDT textured rolls.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy strip or sheet having a surface structure prepared for a forming process, which is easy to produce and has improved tribological properties with respect to a subsequent forming process.
  • the object for an aluminum alloy strip or sheet is achieved in that the strip or sheet has on one or both sides a surface with recesses made using electrochemical graining as lubricant pockets.
  • lubricant pockets can be introduced into the surface of an aluminum alloy strip or sheet, which can significantly improve the forming behavior of the sheet, ie have a markedly positive influence on the sheet's tribological properties.
  • This is particularly interesting for sheet metal with a minimum thickness of 0.8 mm, as in sheets or strips with these thicknesses in addition to the material properties in particular the surface properties due to the higher forming forces than in thinner sheets or bands in the forming more important.
  • the electrochemically grained surfaces have a significantly different structure.
  • the surface of the aluminum alloy strip further has the rolled, plateau-like texture which is interspersed with wells introduced into the surface using electrochemical graining. This is a clear difference to the previously used rolled-in surface textures or depressions.
  • the recesses introduced into the aluminum alloy strips or sheets during electrochemical graining have a higher trapped volume compared to the mechanical embossing methods and thus a significantly greater reduced bowl depth.
  • the surface has, in addition to the previously introduced by the rolling surface structure, for example, a "mill-finish" surface structure, depressions, some of which very abruptly fall off the surface and partially undercuts or negative opening angle. This embodiment of the recesses is specifically due to the manufacturing process by electrochemical graining.
  • the aluminum alloy strip or sheet according to the invention Due to the specific nature of the depressions due to the electrochemical graining, the aluminum alloy strip or sheet according to the invention has an improved absorption behavior with respect to the lubricants used during forming.
  • the electro-chemical graining is a method that is economically viable on an industrial scale and thus suitable for mass production.
  • the band or sheet of aluminum alloy has a minimum thickness of 0.8 mm.
  • Aluminum alloy tapes or sheets having a thickness of at least 0.8 mm are often subjected to a forming process, such as deep-drawing, for example, to bring a flat sheet into a specific shape required for the application.
  • preferred thicknesses in the automotive sector are also 1.0 to 1.5 mm or up to 2.0 mm.
  • aluminum sheets with thicknesses up to 3 mm or up to 4 mm are in forming processes transformed and used in the automotive sector, for example in suspension applications or as a structural part. The larger the thickness, the higher the required forming forces. But this increases the demands on the forming properties of the sheets, their surface and the materials.
  • the surface design according to the invention thus contributes to achieving improved forming results in all thickness ranges, but especially in the larger thickness ranges from 0.8 mm.
  • the band or sheet at least partially consists of an AA7xxx, type AA6xxx, type AA5xxx or type AA3xxx aluminum alloy, in particular aluminum alloy of the type AA7020, AA7021, AA7108, AA6111, AA6060, AA6016, AA6014, AA6005C, AA6451, AA5454, AA5754, AA5251, AA5182, AA3103 or AA3104.
  • AlMg6 alloy for the strip or sheet.
  • the use of plated composites with the abovementioned alloys, for example as a core alloy is also conceivable.
  • a AA8016 or AA6060 core alloy clad with an AA8079 aluminum alloy has very good forming properties even without surface treatment by electrochemical graining. It is assumed that these properties can additionally be improved via the surface texture according to the invention.
  • the said aluminum alloys have in common that they are usually preferred for use in motor vehicles. They are characterized by high formability and the provision of medium to very high strengths. For example, after curing, the AA6xxx or AA7xxx aluminum alloys can achieve very high strengths and are used in structural applications.
  • the above-mentioned high magnesium aluminum alloys of the type AA5xxx and AlMg6 are not curable, but in addition to a very good forming behavior, have directly high strength values.
  • the alloys of the AA3xxx type provide medium-high strength in motor vehicle construction and are preferably used for components in which the rigidity is of primary importance and a high degree of stability Formability is required. It has been shown that in the abovementioned materials, a particular increase in the forming behavior of strips and sheets according to the invention can be achieved.
  • AA3xxx alloys for example the AA3104 or AA3103 and some AA5xxx, such as the aforementioned AA5182 but also the alloys AA5027 or AA5042 are also used for the production of beverage cans and therefore must also have very good forming properties with good surface properties after forming. It is therefore assumed that AA3xxx and AA5xxx aluminum alloys, especially the aforementioned AA3104, AA3103, AA5182, AA5027 or AA5042, also benefit from the specific, electrochemically grained surface in the case of beverage can production in the case of forming with large forming degrees.
  • the electrochemical graining method leads to a very specific surface topography, ie to specific pronounced depressions, which serve as lubricant pockets.
  • the reduced peak height S pk the kernel depth S k and the reduced bowl depth (also called reduced groove depth) S vk are available for areal roughness measurement according to EN ISO 25178.
  • All three parameters can be read from a so-called Abbott curve according to EN ISO 25178.
  • a surface is usually measured visually in three dimensions.
  • c is preferably determined as the distance to the zero position of the measured surface.
  • the surface area of the cut surface of the introduced flat surfaces with the measured surface in the height c is determined and divided with the entire measuring surface in order to obtain the surface portion of the cut surface on the total measuring surface. This area fraction is determined for different heights c.
  • the Slice height is then plotted as a function of area fraction, which gives the Abbott curve, Fig. 1 ,
  • the reduced peak height (S pk ), kernel depth (S k ) and the reduced well depth (S vk ) can be determined. All three parameters refer to different surface properties. It was determined that in particular the reduced bowl depth (S vk ) correlates with an improved forming behavior.
  • the Abbott curve usually has an S-shaped course for rolled surfaces.
  • a secant with a length of 40% of the material fraction is shifted in the Abbott curve until it has a minimum slope amount. This is usually the case at the inflection point of the Abbott curve.
  • the extension of this straight line up to 0% material or 100% material content in turn gives two values for the height c at 0% or 100% material content.
  • the vertical distance of the two points gives the kernel depth S k of the profile.
  • the reduced well depth S vk results from a triangle A 2 with a base length of 100% - Smr 2, which is coextensive with the valley surfaces of the Abbott curve, where Smr 2 is from the intersection of the Abbott curve with a parallel to the X axis, which is defined by the Intersection of the extension of the secant runs with the 100% abscissa results.
  • the height of this surface-identical triangle corresponds to the area of the reduced depression depth S vk , Fig. 1 ,
  • the reduced peak height S pk is the height of the triangle with the base length Smr1, which is the area of the same area as the dome surfaces of the Abbott curve.
  • Smr1 results from the intersection of the Abbott curve with a parallel to the X-axis, which passes through the intersection of the extension of the above-mentioned secant with the 0% -axis.
  • the parameters S k , S pk and S vk in a surface measurement allow separate consideration of the profile with respect to the core region, tip region and groove region or depression region.
  • the kernel density of the texture n clm can also be used.
  • the bowl density indicates the maximum number of closed empty volumes, ie the depressions or depressions, depending on the measuring height c per mm 2 .
  • the measuring height c corresponds to the value c, which is also shown in the Abbott curve. The measuring height c thus corresponds to 100% of the highest elevation of the surface and 0% of the lowest point of the surface profile.
  • the closed void volume V vcl of the surface also serves to characterize the surface. It determines the absorption capacity of the surface, for example for lubricants.
  • the closed void volume is determined by determining the closed void area A vcl (c) as a function of the measured height c.
  • S sk 1 S q 3 1 A ⁇ A z 3 x y dxdy .
  • A is the limited surface part of the measurement and z is the height of the measurement point.
  • S q 1 A ⁇ A z 2 x y dxdy ,
  • S sk is less than zero, then there is a plateau-like surface shaped by indentations. At a value for S sk greater than zero, the surface is embossed by peaks and has no or only a very small plateau-like surface fraction.
  • At least one strip or sheet surface has a reduced bowl depth S vk of 1.0 ⁇ m-6.0 ⁇ m, preferably 1.5 ⁇ m-4.0 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2.2 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m.
  • a reduced bowl depth of 1.0 ⁇ m-6.0 ⁇ m it is possible to provide a reduced bowl depth S vk which is larger by at least a factor of 4 than conventionally roll-embossed surface structures on the aluminum alloy strip or sheet according to the invention.
  • the preferred selected values for the reduced bowl depth allow an improved forming behavior without influencing the subsequent surface properties, for example the surface appearance after painting.
  • the closed void volume V vcl is at least 450 mm 3 / m 2 , preferably at least 500 mm 3 / m 2 .
  • a practical upper limit can be considered 1000 mm 3 / m 2 or 800 mm 3 / m 2 .
  • values above 1000 mm 3 / m 2 are also conceivable.
  • the strip surface according to the invention can thus be clear provide more lubricant for the forming process than the conventional surfaces previously used.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has, according to a further embodiment, an at least 25% increased mole density n clm of the surface compared to conventionally produced surface textures, for example EDT textures.
  • the well density of the surface is preferably more than 80 to 180 wells per mm 2 , preferably 100 to 150 wells per mm 2 .
  • a further embodiment of the aluminum alloy strip has a skewness of the topography of the surface S sk from 0 to -8, preferably -1 to -8. This ensures that the surface has a plateau-like structure, which is provided with recesses, so that lubricant pockets are provided.
  • This surface topography, in particular with a skewness of -1 to -8, is achieved, for example, by electrochemical graining of a "mill-finish" rolling surface and has a preferred forming behavior.
  • this has the state annealed (“O"), solution-annealed and quenched (“T4") or the state H19 or H48.
  • Both states have a maximum forming capacity and, together with the novel surface structure of the strip or sheet, make it possible to increase the forming capacity.
  • the "O” state is provided by any material, hardenable materials, such as AA6xxx alloys, are solution annealed and then quenched. This condition is called T4.
  • both states are preferably provided for forming processes, since in this state the metal sheet or strip permits maximum degrees of deformation, depending on the respective material.
  • an increase in strength is additionally made possible by curing.
  • the alloys for can production are preferably in the state H19 or H48, since this is the necessary strength can be provided after the forming and further processing to the beverage can.
  • the band or sheet has a passivation layer applied after electrochemical graining.
  • This passivation layer usually consists of chromate-free conversion materials which protect the surface of the aluminum strip from corrosion. A specific passivation layer therefore represents the conversion layer.
  • the passivation applied after electrochemical graining does not affect the provision of lubricant pockets for the forming process of the strip or sheet, so that passivated strips and sheets with a surface optimized for forming operations can also be provided.
  • the aluminum sheet or strip may be provided, at least in some areas, with a protective oil in order to protect the aluminum strip or aluminum alloy sheet from corrosion.
  • the band or sheet on the surface at least partially on a forming aid, in particular a dry lubricant, which can serve as a protective layer and as a lubricant in subsequent forming processes.
  • a forming aid in particular a dry lubricant, which can serve as a protective layer and as a lubricant in subsequent forming processes.
  • the above-described object of a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip or sheet is achieved in that a hot and / or cold-rolled strip or sheet consisting of an aluminum alloy after rolling is subjected to a single- or double-sided electrical subjected to chemical graining, wherein the electro-chemical graining homogeneously distributed wells as lubricant pockets in the Band or sheet are introduced from an aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum alloy ribbons or sheets so produced have specific surfaces. The rolled-in texture of the strip or sheet is retained except for the additional indentations introduced by electrochemical graining.
  • the rolling texture forms, for example in the case of a "mill-finish" surface, a plateau-like surface in which homogeneously distributed depressions are present as lubricant pockets.
  • the aluminum alloy strip or sheet produced according to the invention differs markedly from conventionally produced aluminum alloy strips and sheets, the texture of which is not plateau-like due to texture roll embossing.
  • the strip or sheet is preferably subjected to a forming process, for example deep-drawing.
  • Thermoforming in practice usually includes deep drawing and stretch drawing parts.
  • the aluminum alloy strip or sheet can be previously covered with a forming aid, such as a lubricant or dry lubricant, so that an even better forming behavior due to the optimized surface structure and the better lubricant occupancy is achieved by the lubricant present in the lubricant pockets.
  • the average roughness S a of the surface of the strip or sheet is 0.5 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m, preferably 0.7 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.7 ⁇ m to 1 , 3 microns or preferably 0.8 microns to 1.2 microns.
  • Sheets or strips for internal parts of a motor vehicle preferably have an average roughness Sa of 0.7 ⁇ m-1.3 ⁇ m and outer skin parts of a motor vehicle have an average roughness Sa of 0.8 ⁇ m to 1.2 ⁇ m. Exterior and interior parts of a motor vehicle then receive a very good surface appearance.
  • the hot and / or cold rolled strip or sheet further has a minimum thickness of 0.8 mm.
  • Aluminum alloy strips or sheets with a thickness of at least 0.8 mm are often a forming process, for example Deep drawing, for example, to bring a flat sheet in a specific, required for the application, form.
  • Preferred thicknesses in the automotive sector are next to 1.0 to 1.5 mm, for example, for attachments such as doors, hoods and flaps, but also 2 mm to 3 mm or 4 mm for example, structural components, such as parts of the frame structure or the chassis.
  • Corresponding sheets are subjected to forming processes and used in the automotive sector, for example in chassis applications or as a structural part. The greater the thickness of the sheets, the higher the required forming forces.
  • bands or sheets with a smaller thickness such as ribbons for the production of beverage cans with a thickness of less than 0.8 mm, for example, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, can benefit from the present invention introduced surface structure, such as in In the manufacture of beverage cans, the limits of the forming properties of the aluminum alloy strips and sheets are usually almost exhausted. It is assumed that the aluminum alloy strips produced according to the invention with a surface optimized for forming also make it possible to further improve the deformation of these thin sheets.
  • the surface structure of the aluminum strip is performed by an electrochemical graining method with an electrolyte. Via the charge carrier entry and the current density, the surface structure and the proportion of the roughened surface can be adjusted without additional rolling step. The process is not only easy to handle, but also scales well for large throughput volumes.
  • depressions with a reduced bowl depth S VK of 1.0 ⁇ m-6.0 ⁇ m, preferably 1.5 ⁇ m-4.0 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2.2 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m, are preferably introduced into the strip or sheet surface , 0 microns introduced by the electro-chemical graining. It has been found that tapes with corresponding surface topography achieve improved properties in the drawing test with a cross tool. The tribological properties of the aluminum sheet or strip can thus be improved. With the limited depression depths S vk of 1.5 microns to 4.0 microns or 2.2 microns to 4.0 microns improved deformation behavior can be achieved without affecting the subsequent surface properties, such as the surface appearance after painting.
  • the strip or sheet is preferably subjected to a cleaning step prior to the electrochemical graining in which the surface is cleaned by alkaline or acid pickling and optionally using further degreasing media and a homogeneous removal of material is carried out.
  • the removal of material is intended essentially to remove surface impurities introduced by rolling, so that a very suitable surface is available for electrochemical graining.
  • the electrochemical graining with HNO 3 is preferably carried out in a concentration of 2 to 20 g / l, preferably 2.5 to 15 g / l and with a charge carrier input of at least 200 C / dm 2 , preferably at least 500 C / dm 2 ,
  • the current densities may vary from at least 1 A / dm 2 , preferably to 60 A / dm 2 or 100 A / dm 2 . This is the indication of peak AC densities or peak current densities of pulsed DC.
  • electrolyte temperatures of less than 75 ° C, preferably in Range between room temperature and 50 ° C or 40 ° C, to achieve sufficient surface coverage of the grained areas.
  • nitric acid and hydrochloric acid can be used as an electrolyte.
  • the method according to the invention can be further developed in that, after the electrochemical graining, a passivation of the strip surface, preferably by applying a conversion layer, is carried out and / or a forming aid is applied.
  • a forming aid for example, lubricants and dry lubricants, which may optionally be melted understood.
  • the conversion layer and the forming aid may be formed as a protective layer and individually or simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance and thus the shelf life of the strip or sheet.
  • the forming aid additionally improves the forming properties.
  • the application of the conversion layer is combined with the application of a preferably meltable forming aid, in particular a meltable dry lubricant, for example a so-called "hot melt".
  • the strip or sheet is electrochemically grained after soft annealing or solution heat treatment and quenching.
  • the heat treatment can not adversely affect the surface properties of the sheet after the electrochemical graining and in relation to the Forming requirements optimized tape or sheet metal can be provided.
  • the surface texturing can be carried out by electrochemical graining but also before the final annealing, ie the soft annealing or the solution annealing and quenching.
  • storable aluminum alloy tapes can be provided in an economical manner.
  • the surface of the aluminum alloy strips or sheets prepared for the forming processes remains essentially unchanged during storage.
  • Lubricants in particular dry lubricants, for example hotmelts, are used as forming aids. These form at room temperature (20 - 22 ° C) a non-running, pasty, almost grip-proof thin film on the belt or sheet surface based on mineral oil, synthetic oil and / or renewable raw materials. In comparison with protective oils, hotmelts have improved lubricating properties, in particular during deep drawing.
  • the object is achieved by using a sheet according to the invention for producing a formed sheet for a motor vehicle.
  • Formed sheets in particular parts of a motor vehicle, sometimes require very high degrees of deformation, which can provide the band or sheet according to the invention.
  • the degrees of deformation are achieved by the specific surface structure of the sheets or strips, which also on the finished end product of the formed sheet metal still at least partially preserved. This depends on the specific forming process. Due to the better forming properties further weight saving potentials for motor vehicles can be achieved by the greater versatility of aluminum alloy sheets. In particular, the forming requirements of the sheet, that is, shape requirements due to the design, can be better met with aluminum alloy sheets.
  • Fig. 1 First, it is shown how the parameter values for the kernel depth S k , the reduced well depth S vk and the reduced peak height S pk can be determined from an Abbott curve.
  • the determination is carried out in accordance with DIN-EN-ISO 25178 for a standard-compliant measuring surface.
  • optical measuring methods for example confocal microscopy, are used to determine a height profile of a measuring surface. From the height profile of the measuring surface, the surface portion of the profile can be determined, which cuts a surface parallel to the measuring surface in the height c or runs above the surface. If the height c of the cut surface is represented as a function of the area ratio of the cut surface to the total area, the Abbott curve is obtained, which shows the typical S-shaped course for rolled surfaces.
  • a secant D with 40% length is shifted in the determined Abbott curve on the Abbott curve such that the absolute value of the slope of the secant D is minimal is. From the difference of the abscissa values of the intersecting points of the secant D with the abscissa at 0% area proportion and at 100% area proportion, the kernel depth S k of the surface is obtained.
  • the reduced peak height S pk and the reduced bowl depth S vk correspond to the height of a triangle which is coextensive with the tip surface A1 or the groove surface A2 of the Abbott curve.
  • the triangle of the top surface A1 has as base the value Smr1, which results from the intersection of a parallel to the X-axis with the Abbott curve, the parallel to the X-axis through the intersection of the secant D with the abscissa at 0%. area proportion runs.
  • the triangle of the Riefenization or well surface A2 has the base area of the value 100% - Smr2, where Smr2 is the intersection of a parallel to the X-axis with the Abbott curve and the parallel to the X-axis through the intersection of the secant D with the Abscissa at 100% area share proceeds.
  • n clm the well density of the texture n clm via the maximum number of closed void volumes n clm , ie the depressions or troughs as a function of the measurement height c in percent per mm 2 . This gives the number of closed empty spaces per unit area (1 / mm 2 ) for a given measuring height c (%). From n cl (c) the maximum n clm is determined. The larger n clm the finer the surface structure.
  • the optical measurement can also be used to determine the closed void volume Vvcl by integrating the closed void spaces A vcl (c) over the measured height c.
  • the closed void volume is also a characteristic surface feature of the tapes and sheets of the invention.
  • the measurement of the roughness of the surface takes place optically, since in comparison to a tactile measurement it is possible to scan much faster.
  • the optical detection takes place, for example, via interferometry or confocal microscopy, as was done in the present measurement data.
  • the measuring surfaces are also determined in size. The measured data were determined using square measuring surfaces with a side length of 2 mm each.
  • FIG Fig. 2 initially a 250-fold enlarged view of a conventional belt surface shown.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a strip surface according to the invention, which was produced by an electro-chemical graining method, also in 250-fold magnification. It can be clearly seen that, on the one hand, the structures in electrochemical graining are finer and consist of depressions in a plateau-like surface. Unlike in the Fig.
  • the band B which is preferably at least partially made of an aluminum alloy type AA7xxx, type AA6xxx or, type AA5xxx or type AA3xxx, in particular AA7020, AA7021, AA7108, AA6111, AA6060, AA6014, AA6016, AA6106, AA6005C, AA6451, AA5454, AA5754, AA5182, AA5251, AA3104, AA3103 or AlMg6 is unwound.
  • the thickness of the band is preferably at least 0.8 mm, but at most 3 mm and preferably between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, for example when used in the automotive sector.
  • the thickness, for example, in bands for the beverage can production also be 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. Also With these thin tapes, the improved forming behavior becomes noticeable in the case of the beverage can production which requires maximum degrees of deformation.
  • the strip unwound with the reel 1 preferably has the condition "O" annealed in the present embodiment, if it is an AA5xxx, AlMg6 or A3xxx type aluminum alloy or solution annealed and quenched "T4" in the case of an AA6xxx type aluminum alloy or type AA7xxx.
  • the tape is already in a particularly good formable state.
  • Bands and sheets for the beverage can production of the type AA5xxx or AA3xxx are also available in the condition H19 or painted in the condition H48, before they are formed.
  • the unwound aluminum alloy strip B is fed to an optional trimming operation for trimming the side edges 2.
  • the belt passes through a straightening device to remove deformations from the belt.
  • the belt is subjected to a cleaning and a pickling step.
  • a stain come here mineral acids into consideration but also bases, for example based on caustic soda.
  • Step 4 of pickling is also optional.
  • the aluminum strip is subjected in step 5 to an electro-chemical graining process in which recesses are introduced into the surface.
  • electrochemical graining depressions are introduced into the strip by the reaction of the electrolyte with the aluminum alloy strip, and aluminum is dissolved out at the respective sites.
  • the electrochemical graining is preferably set such that a depression depth S vk of 1.0 ⁇ m-6.0 ⁇ m, preferably 1.5 ⁇ m-4.0 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2.2 ⁇ m to 4.0 ⁇ m, is achieved. It has been shown that the forming behavior of the aluminum alloy strip is very good in these subsequent parameters in a subsequent forming process.
  • the electrochemical graining with HNO 3 (nitric acid) in a concentration of 2.5 to 20 g / l, preferably at 2.5 to 15 g / l with alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz is performed.
  • the charge carrier entry is preferably at least 200 C / dm 2 , preferably at least 500 C / dm 2 , in order to achieve a sufficient surface coverage with electro-chemically introduced depressions.
  • at least 1 A / dm 2 preferably up to 100 A / dm 2 and more are used as peak current densities.
  • the choice of the current density and the concentration of the electrolyte depends on the production speed and can be adjusted accordingly. In particular, the reactivity and thus the production rate can also be influenced by the temperature of the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte may have a temperature of at most 75 ° C.
  • nitric acid as the electrolyte, a preferred operating range is between room temperature and about 40 ° C, at most 50 ° C.
  • As the electrolyte in addition to nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is suitable.
  • step 6 The electrochemical graining of the surface of the strip B preferably takes place on both sides in step 6. But it is also conceivable that only one side a corresponding surface structure is introduced. Subsequently, according to the in Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment in step 6 either a protective oil are applied or passivated the Aluminiumlegleitersbandober Assembly, for example by applying a conversion layer. These processing steps are also optional.
  • Drying is preferably carried out in step 7 before, in step 8 according to the illustrated embodiment, an optional layer comprising a forming aid is applied to the strip, preferably on both sides.
  • the forming aid is preferably a lubricant, in particular a meltable dry lubricant, for example a hotmelt.
  • a meltable dry lubricant can simplify the handling of the aluminum alloy strips or sheets according to the invention as a protective layer and lubricant and at the same time the
  • wool wax can also be used as a dry lubricant from renewable raw materials.
  • a blank can also be cut to length over the band shears 10.
  • optical inspection of the tape for errors is provided so that surface defects are detected early.
  • the embodiment shows Fig. 4 several optional work steps, which are carried out inline in the same production line directly after each other.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 4 is therefore a particularly economical variant of the method according to the invention. But it is also conceivable to combine only the unwinding of a strip according to step 1 and the electro-chemical graining according to step 5 with a coiling or cutting in sheet metal blanks. Basically, an electro-chemical graining of sheet metal blanks is conceivable.
  • Fig. 5 is now a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a strip B according to the invention shown, which has on both sides introduced into the surface recesses 12 and additionally an applied layer of a meltable dry lubricant 13.
  • a corresponding band B has maximum forming properties and can also be easily stored because the surface is protected.
  • Corresponding bands B, even with a unilaterally grained surface can also be used as outer skin parts of a motor vehicle, since the surface is maximally protected before the forming process and / or significantly supports the deformation.
  • Made from a strip B sheets have due to the surface protection on a very good handling in the forming process.
  • Fig. 6a shows the configuration of the Cross tool in a perspective sectional view.
  • the cross tool comprises a punch 21, a hold-down 22 and a die 23.
  • the sheet 24 to be tested was either by a conventional method, for example, only by EDT rolling or only with the inventive electro-chemical graining, but also in addition to the EDT Roughened rollers.
  • the plate 24 designed as a blank is deep-drawn by the punch force F ST , with the force F N of the hold-down 22 and the die 23 being pressed onto the sheet metal blank.
  • the cruciform punch 21 has a width of 126 mm along the axes of the cross, whereas the die has an opening width of 129.4 mm.
  • the circular blanks 24 were made of different aluminum alloys and had different diameters. The circular blanks were also equipped with different surface topographies to investigate the forming behavior.
  • the surface topographies of the comparative examples were produced by conventional methods by roll milling with an EDT textured roll or by rolling with a roll having a "mill finish" surface. Both the surfaces embossed with EDT rolls and the "Mill-Finish" -prepared surfaces were additionally electrochemically roughened with the method according to the invention in order to demonstrate the technical effect of roughening.
  • the punch 21 was lowered at a speed of 1.5 mm / s in the direction of sheet metal and the sheet 4 deep-drawn according to the shape of the punch.
  • the punch force and punch travel were measured and recorded until the sample ruptured. The larger the diameter of the blank, which could be reshaped without tearing, the better the forming properties of the sheet.
  • both AA5xxx and AA6xxx-type aluminum alloy sheets were produced with the various surface topographies and their surface parameters using a confocal Measure microscope.
  • the tapes of the AA5xxx aluminum alloy were in the "O" state, the aluminum alloy tapes of the AA6xxx type in the "T4" state.
  • As AA5xxx an aluminum alloy of the type AA 5182 was used.
  • the aluminum alloy of the AA6xxx alloy corresponded to an AA6005C aluminum alloy.
  • Trials V1 to V4 were made with an identical AA6005C aluminum alloy and Trials V5 to V8 were made with an identical AA5182 aluminum alloy to eliminate influences of different compositions within the alloy types.
  • the four test variants V1 to V4 were also subjected to further drawing tests with a cross tool, in which a draw film was additionally used on both sides.
  • the drawing film was a conventional deep-drawing film made of PTFE with a thickness of 45 microns used.
  • the sheets were coated with a large amount of lubricant (8 g / m 2 ) before the drawing test and the drawing tests were carried out in the cross tool with a drawing film. This should suppress the effect of the different surfaces.
  • Fig. 8 the test results are shown. It was found that when using a drawing film in the additionally roughened by electrochemical graining surfaces of the plates V3 and V4 sheet holding forces compared to the non-roughened surfaces of the plates V1 and V3 could be significantly increased.
  • the variant V4 with 520 kN at 185 mm diameter reached the highest values, followed by the variant V3 with 490 kN.
  • Significantly lower values were achieved with 410 kN for variant V2 and 385 kN for variant V1. Without drawing film, the sheet holding forces are almost identical for all four test variants.
  • both AA5xxx and AA6xxx-type aluminum alloy sheets were produced with the various surface topographies and measured for their surface parameters using a confocal microscope.
  • the tapes of the AA5xxx aluminum alloy were in the "O" state and the aluminum alloy tapes of the AA6xxx type were in the "T4" state.
  • As AA5xxx an aluminum alloy of the type AA 5182 was used.
  • the aluminum alloy of the AA6xxx alloy corresponded to an aluminum alloy of the AA6005C type.
  • Runs V2, V6 were conventionally textured using EDT rollers.
  • Trials V1 and V5 had conventional "Mill Finish" surfaces.
  • the EDT textured surfaces were subjected to electrochemical graining and evaluated as Runs V4 and V8. The same was done for the sheets with "mill-finish" surfaces of both aluminum alloys.
  • the electrochemically grained sheets were evaluated as Runs V3 and V7.
  • an HNO 3 concentration of 4 g / l at a charge carrier input of 500 C / dm 2 in the experiments V3 and V4 and an HNO 3 concentration of 5 g / l at a charge carrier entry of 900 C / dm 2 at V7 and V8 used.
  • the electrolyte temperature was in all variants between 30 ° C and 40 ° C.
  • the closed void volume V vcl which represents the volume for the provision of lubricant in lubricant pockets, is larger in the conventionally textured with EDT rollers strips V2, V6 with 362 and 477 mm 3 / m 2 compared to 151 mm 3 / m 2 or 87mm 3 / m 2 of the "Mill Finish" versions V1 and V5.
  • the electrochemically grained embodiments V3, V4 and V7 and V8 according to the invention show a closed void volume V vcl of at least 500 mm 3 / m 2 .
  • the closed void volume which is important for the absorption of lubricant, can be increased significantly more than 10% in the bands according to the invention, which have undergone an electrochemical graining step.
  • the different topography of the embodiments according to the invention which on the basis of the different values of the reduced bowl depth S vk , the closed void volume V vcl and the bowl density of the surface is made responsible for the improvement of Umform s.
  • the surfaces optimized according to the invention for forming show marked differences from lithoplates, even in topography, as shown by the combined measurement results of various measured litho sheets, shown in Comparative Example C13.
  • litho plates not only have significantly lower mean roughness values S a , but also have a significantly lower reduced dross depth S vk .
  • the mean trough density n clm is slightly above the electro-grained, umformoptim striv surfaces of the sheets V4 invention, V3, V7 and V8.
  • Aluminum alloy strips and sheets according to the invention are therefore very well suited, for example, for the provision of outer skin parts of a body of a motor vehicle.
EP17702054.2A 2016-01-27 2017-01-25 Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech Active EP3414365B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16152889 2016-01-27
PCT/EP2017/051519 WO2017129605A1 (de) 2016-01-27 2017-01-25 Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3414365A1 EP3414365A1 (de) 2018-12-19
EP3414365B1 true EP3414365B1 (de) 2019-07-17

Family

ID=55450959

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17702054.2A Active EP3414365B1 (de) 2016-01-27 2017-01-25 Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11131037B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3414365B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP7080817B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR101986330B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN108603304B (ja)
WO (1) WO2017129605A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017129609A1 (de) 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Aluminiumlegierungsband für klebstoffverbindung
DE102018218393A1 (de) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 Aesculap Ag Verfahren zum Oberflächenbehandeln eines Metall- oder Legierungsprodukts sowie ein Metall- oder Legierungsprodukt
DE112020003804T5 (de) 2019-08-09 2022-04-28 Skc Co., Ltd. Folie zum verkleben und lichtdurchlässiges laminat mit dieser folie
KR102237614B1 (ko) * 2019-08-09 2021-04-07 에스케이씨 주식회사 접합용 필름 및 이를 포함하는 광투과 적층체

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63141722A (ja) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-14 Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd 深絞り用アルミニウム複合板の製造方法
JPS63188428A (ja) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-04 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd 深絞り成形用アルミニウム合金板およびその製造方法
JPH0258295A (ja) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-27 Sky Alum Co Ltd プリント回路基板用基材の製造方法
US5356495A (en) * 1992-06-23 1994-10-18 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Method of manufacturing can body sheet using two sequences of continuous, in-line operations
JP2809296B2 (ja) * 1993-03-31 1998-10-08 株式会社神戸製鋼所 フッ素樹脂被覆用Ａｌ合金板の製造方法
NL1003090C2 (nl) 1996-05-13 1997-11-18 Hoogovens Aluminium Bausysteme Verzinkt aluminiumplaat.
JPH09304938A (ja) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-28 Konica Corp 平版印刷版用アルミニウム支持体及び感光性平版印刷版
JP4056682B2 (ja) * 2000-07-11 2008-03-05 富士フイルム株式会社 平版印刷版用支持体
JP3989176B2 (ja) * 2001-01-17 2007-10-10 古河スカイ株式会社 被覆層の密着性および加工性に優れた成形加工用熱可塑性樹脂被覆アルミニウム合金板の製造方法
ATE334754T1 (de) 2001-03-12 2006-08-15 Novelis Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zum texturieren von metallblechen oder metallbändern
GB2379669B (en) 2001-09-12 2005-02-16 Alcan Int Ltd Al alloy for lithographic sheet
DE10345934B4 (de) 2002-10-18 2005-03-10 Corus Aluminium Nv Metallrohling zum Formen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JP2004323913A (ja) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-18 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd 金属の潤滑表面処理方法、および該潤滑表面処理方法により得られた潤滑表面を有する潤滑性金属部材
JP2008111142A (ja) 2006-10-27 2008-05-15 Fujifilm Corp 平版印刷版用アルミニウム合金板および平版印刷版用支持体
EP2444254B1 (de) * 2010-10-22 2013-07-10 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Lithoband für die elektrochemische Aufrauung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US9321090B2 (en) * 2012-05-07 2016-04-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Forming tools having textured surfaces
JP5914439B2 (ja) * 2013-09-09 2016-05-11 富士フイルム株式会社 二次電池集電体用アルミニウム基材、二次電池集電体用アルミニウム基材の製造方法、二次電池集電体、正極、負極および二次電池
WO2017129609A1 (de) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Aluminiumlegierungsband für klebstoffverbindung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101986330B1 (ko) 2019-06-05
CN108603304B (zh) 2020-01-14
JP7080817B2 (ja) 2022-06-06
JP2019508585A (ja) 2019-03-28
EP3414365A1 (de) 2018-12-19
KR20180095095A (ko) 2018-08-24
US11131037B2 (en) 2021-09-28
CN108603304A (zh) 2018-09-28
WO2017129605A1 (de) 2017-08-03
US20180340268A1 (en) 2018-11-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3414365B1 (de) Umformoptimiertes aluminiumlegierungsblech
EP2892663B1 (de) Flachprodukt aus metallwerkstoff, insbesondere einem stahlwerkstoff, verwendung eines solchen flachprodukts sowie walze und verfahren zur herstellung solcher flachprodukte
EP4038216B1 (de) Stahlblech mit einer deterministischen oberflächenstruktur
DE102019214136A1 (de) Stahlblech mit einer deterministischen Oberflächenstruktur
EP2444254B1 (de) Lithoband für die elektrochemische Aufrauung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP4031302A1 (de) Stahlblech mit einer deterministischen oberflächenstruktur
DE102020208777A1 (de) Dressiertes Stahlblech, Dressierwalze sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dressierten Stahlblechs
EP3408431B1 (de) Aluminiumlegierungsband für klebstoffverbindung
DE102019214133A1 (de) Stahlblech mit einer deterministischen Oberflächenstruktur
EP4090785A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines oberflächenveredelten und oberflächenkonditionierten stahlblechs
DE202020100524U1 (de) Verpackungsblecherzeugnis, insbesondere Weißblech oder elektrolytisch verchromtes Stahlblech
EP4041467B1 (de) Stahlblech mit einer deterministischen oberflächenstruktur sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung
WO2017144407A1 (de) Walze, insbesondere dressierarbeitswalze, und dressiertes flachprodukt
EP4035788B1 (de) Verfahren zum texturieren einer dressierwalze
DE102020102381A1 (de) Verpackungsblecherzeugnis, insbesondere Weißblech oder elektrolytisch verchromtes Stahlblech und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verpackungsblecherzeugnisses
EP4127257B1 (de) Lithoband mit flacher topographie und daraus hergestellte druckplatte
DE102020200326A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oberflächenveredelten und oberflächenkonditionierten Stahlblechs
EP1362648A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aluminiumrohres
DE102022113809A1 (de) Metallflachprodukt und Bauteil daraus
EP3266890B1 (de) Verwendung eines bands mit richtungsunabhängiger oberflächentopographie zur herstellung eines wärmetauscherbauteils
DE19823790A1 (de) Lithoband, Druckplattenträger und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lithobandes, eines Druckplattenträgers oder einer Offset-Druckplatte
WO2023020875A1 (de) Verfahren zum herstellen einer lasertexturierten dressierwalze, verfahren zum dressieren eines stahlblechs und entsprechend dressiertes stahlblech
WO2023057300A1 (de) Verfahren zum dressieren eines stahlblechs, dressiertes stahlblech und daraus hergestelltes bauteil
DE102020102382A1 (de) Stahlblech mit einem Oberflächenprofil mit periodisch wiederkehrenden Strukturelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Stahlblechs
DE2163184A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ver packungs und Behalterwerkstoffs

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20180719

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190107

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

GRAL Information related to payment of fee for publishing/printing deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR3

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

GRAR Information related to intention to grant a patent recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR71

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190603

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502017001792

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1155915

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: SCHMAUDER AND PARTNER AG PATENT- UND MARKENANW, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20190717

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191017

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191017

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191118

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191018

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191117

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200224

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502017001792

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG2D Information on lapse in contracting state deleted

Ref country code: IS

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200125

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200125

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 502017001792

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: SPEIRA GMBH, DE

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HYDRO ALUMINIUM ROLLED PRODUCTS GMBH, 41515 GREVENBROICH, DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: HC

Ref document number: 1155915

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Owner name: SPEIRA GMBH, DE

Effective date: 20220711

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230125

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20230126

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20230125

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230126

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230124

Year of fee payment: 7

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230519

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20240125

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240123

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20240202

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240123

Year of fee payment: 8