EP3412817B1 - Maillage d'élevage piscicole sans noeuds - Google Patents

Maillage d'élevage piscicole sans noeuds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3412817B1
EP3412817B1 EP18176657.7A EP18176657A EP3412817B1 EP 3412817 B1 EP3412817 B1 EP 3412817B1 EP 18176657 A EP18176657 A EP 18176657A EP 3412817 B1 EP3412817 B1 EP 3412817B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grid
threads
fish farming
webs
binding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18176657.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3412817A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Eßling
Heiko Pintz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
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Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co filed Critical Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Publication of EP3412817A1 publication Critical patent/EP3412817A1/fr
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Publication of EP3412817B1 publication Critical patent/EP3412817B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/01—Surface features
    • D10B2403/012—Alike front and back faces
    • D10B2403/0122—Smooth surfaces, e.g. laminated or coated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a knotless fish farming grid with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Nets are used to form fish breeding cages in aqua farms, and the diameter can be more than 100 m.
  • the nets have sewn-on webbing straps so that they can be attached to buoyancy devices. If there is algae growth, the nets are brushed under water or completely taken out of the water and washed, depending on how dirty they are. Conventional nets sometimes chafe during the cleaning process, in particular due to the rough seams, and then have to be patched up manually.
  • fishing nets are made from cords, with a knot being made at the crossing points; the connection of cords via knots also corresponds to the original definition of a network.
  • the DE 1 585 538 A describes a knotless braided net and its manufacture.
  • a similar knotless fish farming trellis is known having Raschel knitted monofilament meshes.
  • Longitudinal lattice webs and transverse lattice webs are designed in the same way, each consisting of at least four intertwined Threads exist, so that longitudinal and transverse lattice webs are relatively thick and thus form a large surface for the colonization of marine organisms as well as a large flow resistance.
  • the DE 43 01 232 C2 describes the production of a net-like fabric by a knitting process. However, this is aimed at high structural variability, i.e. the mesh size should be easy to change, which is diametrically opposed to use as a fish farming grid. If a higher stitch stability is to be achieved, chemical and thermal fixations are proposed, which reduce the thread strength.
  • the GB 918 352 A shows a knotless net that is suitable as a fish farming lattice, with a knitted lattice structure made of support and binding threads.
  • the longitudinal lattice webs are formed by sections of at least two carrier threads lying against one another, around which a knitted fabric made of at least one binding thread is looped. Only one fishnet with diamond shaped mesh openings is disclosed.
  • the U.S. 2,992,550A also describes a knotless net in which the lattice structure is to be completely covered on both sides with a thermoplastic coating.
  • diamond-shaped mesh openings are provided.
  • the EP 1 498 528 A1 also describes a knitted, knotless net with a rectangular lattice structure formed by longitudinal lattice webs and transverse lattice webs running transversely thereto.
  • a knitted lattice structure is formed from carrier and binding threads.
  • the transverse lattice webs are each formed by abutting sections of at least two adjacent, meandering laid carrier threads
  • the longitudinal lattice webs are each formed by abutting sections of at least two carrier threads, which are connected to at least one knitted fabric of at least one Binding threads are entwined.
  • this document does not mention the suitability of such nets for fish farming or suggests dimensioning this net so that it would be suitable for fish farming.
  • the object of the invention is to create a knotless fish farming grid with high mesh stability, which is wear-resistant and easy to clean and which has a small web width, especially with smaller mesh sizes, in order to keep the overall flow resistance of the fish farming grid in the water low.
  • a plastisol is a physical mixture of a powdered thermoplastic polymer and plasticizers.
  • the plastisol mixture can be stored stably without gelling. Only after tempering, i.e. heating for a few minutes at typically 160 to 180 °C, does the mixture become a permanently viscoplastic plastic due to partial evaporation of the plasticizers.
  • the fish farming lattice according to the invention is thus first knitted to completion and then passed through a plastisol immersion bath as finished sheet material, the lattice being under tension, as described. After passing through the dip bath, it is passed through at least one pair of squeezing rollers to strip off excess plastisol. This is followed by tempering by heating to around 180° C. This creates a firm but flexible and elastic coating that completely encloses the threads in the longitudinal and transverse webs.
  • polyurethane coatings can also be used.
  • the mesh size can be up to 35mm depending on the species of fish being farmed, but is typically only about half that. According to the invention, it is particularly possible, even with small mesh sizes of 17 mm, for example, to keep the plastic-coated webs narrow with a web width of only 2-3 mm and not to exceed a width ratio of web width to mesh size of approx. 15%:85%.
  • the binding and carrier threads are preferably plastic multifilaments, the titer of the carrier threads being at least 1.5 times that of the binding threads.
  • the titre of the carrier threads can be 5500 to 7500 dtex and the titre of the binding threads can be 2500 dtex to 4000 dtex.
  • figure 1 shows four support threads 1.1, ..., 1.4.
  • the direction of production runs, as indicated by the block arrow, in the vertical direction.
  • Each carrier thread 1.1, ..., 1.4. is itself laid in a meandering shape, that is, legs are formed in an alternating sequence, which run lengthwise - in the direction of production - and then crosswise again.
  • first parts of Transverse and longitudinal lattice webs 5, 6 created.
  • the touching corners of adjacent carrier threads 1.1, ..., 1.4 represent the future crossing points 7.
  • the length of the vertical and horizontal sections is equal, but different lengths can be set if rectangular grids are to be formed.
  • adjacent carrier threads are alternately drawn with dashed and solid lines. All adjacent support threads 1.1, ..., 1.4. however, are actually the same. They consist of synthetic fiber multifilaments and have the same titre.
  • FIG 2 a second group with further carrier threads 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 has been added, which are also alternately drawn with dashed and solid lines to distinguish them.
  • Added carrier threads 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 are each drawn here as double lines. They have the same meandering configuration as the first group of carrier threads 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, except that they are offset by the length of a longitudinal bar 6 to the first group, so that one longitudinal bar of the first group of carrier threads 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 rests against a longitudinal web of the second group of carrier threads 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 without being connected to it.
  • the first group of carrier threads 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 is a mirror image of the second group of carrier threads 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4.
  • the good stitch stability according to the invention results from the fact that one carrier thread each of the first and second group runs in opposite directions over a crossing point 7 .
  • the binding threads 3.1, ..., 3.5 are only indicated here as zigzag lines. However, it is in each case a knitted fabric made of one binding thread per longitudinal web, through which two longitudinal webs of adjacent carrier threads 1.1, ... 1.4, 2.1, ..., 2.4 are wrapped and in particular the crossing points 7 are involved without the crossing points 7 node formation takes place.
  • the binding threads 3.1, ..., 3.5 are not yet laid all the way to the upper edge of the grid of support threads 1.1, ... 1.4, 2.1, ..., 2.4.
  • the wales are formed continuously on a warp knitting machine from the binding threads 3.1, ..., 3.5.
  • a new, U-shaped stitch is laid in each case by means of partial weft laying for all carrier threads guided next to one another, before the longitudinal webs of the adjacent webs of the first and second group of carrier threads are reached by the respective binding thread and enclosed in a stitch formed by the binding thread .
  • the meandering shape in the course of the carrier threads 1.1,...1.4, 2.1,..., 2.4 has the advantage that in the finished lattice the transverse and longitudinal parts of the lattice cannot be shifted against one another without exertion, although at the crossing points no knotting or welding takes place, but the crossing point is only fixed by the inclusion in the binding thread.
  • a knotless fish farming grid 10 is created according to the invention, which has a high mesh stability even in the raw state, ie without coating. If you reach into the meshes of the knitted fish farming grid, they are not easy to expand. Even in the raw state, there is no risk that the meshes will widen due to the activities of the trapped fish themselves or due to the ingress of foreign bodies. It is true that in the raw state the transverse webs of the carrier threads lying loosely against one another can be grasped and pulled somewhat out of the section which runs in the longitudinal direction and is enveloped by the binding threads. However, this already requires a greater force, which also does not lead to major shifts in the lattice structure, but at most has an effect on the immediately adjacent section of the same carrier thread up to the next 90° turn.
  • the mesh stability increases in the preferred embodiment of the invention, which provides for a complete encapsulation of all webs of the fish farming grid 10 with a PVC coating, if only for reasons of antifouling protection and improved cleaning possibilities.
  • the PVC coating not only completely encases all transverse and longitudinal webs and partially glues them together, but the crossing points in particular are also additionally fixed and the stitch stability is further increased with the coating.
  • the coating forms a smooth surface that reduces adhesion of marine organisms such as algae and barnacles and facilitates subsequent cleaning of the fish farming grid 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Maillage de pisciculture sans nœud (100), comprenant une structure de maillage tricotée composée de fils de support et de fils de liaison (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4, 3.1, ..., 3.4), des entretoises de maillage transversales (5) étant formées respectivement par des sections adjacentes d'au moins deux fils de support voisins (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4), posés en méandres, et des entretoises de maillage longitudinales (6) étant formées respectivement par des sections adjacentes d'au moins deux fils de support (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4), qui sont entourées par au moins un tricot composé d'au moins un fil de liaison (3.1, ..., 3.4), caractérisé en ce qu'une structure de maillage rectangulaire ou carrée est formée par les entretoises de maillage longitudinales (6) et par les entretoises de maillage transversales (5) s'étendant transversalement par rapport à celles-ci, laquelle est recouverte des deux côtés ou entièrement d'un revêtement de matière plastique thermoplastique.
  2. Maillage de pisciculture (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fils de liaison et les fils de support (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4, 3.1, ..., 3.4) sont des multifilaments en matière plastique et en ce que le titre des fils de support (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4) est d'au moins 1,5 fois celui des fils de liaison (3.1, ..., 3.4).
  3. Maillage de pisciculture (100) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le titre des fils de support (1.1, ..., 1.4 ; 2.1, ..., 2.4) est de 5 500 à 7 500 dtex et le titre des fils de liaison (3.1, ..., 3.4) est de 2 500 dtex à 4 000 dtex.
  4. Maillage de pisciculture (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la structure de mailles est pourvue d'un recouvrement en PVC plastisol.
EP18176657.7A 2017-06-08 2018-06-07 Maillage d'élevage piscicole sans noeuds Active EP3412817B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017112675.9A DE102017112675B4 (de) 2017-06-08 2017-06-08 Knotenloses Fischzuchtgitter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3412817A1 EP3412817A1 (fr) 2018-12-12
EP3412817B1 true EP3412817B1 (fr) 2022-02-16

Family

ID=62567513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18176657.7A Active EP3412817B1 (fr) 2017-06-08 2018-06-07 Maillage d'élevage piscicole sans noeuds

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3412817B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017112675B4 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE576785A (fr) * 1958-03-22 1959-07-16 Adolf Van Laethem Procéde de fabrication de filets tricotés et produits obtenus.
US2992550A (en) * 1959-05-13 1961-07-18 Hagin Frith & Sons Knitted mesh
DE1585538A1 (de) 1965-03-18 1973-05-24 Inst Hochseefischerei Knotenloses geflochtenes netz und einrichtung zur herstellung desselben
DE4301232C2 (de) 1993-01-19 1996-07-25 Textilma Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung textiler netzartiger Flächengebilde
JP3886944B2 (ja) * 2003-07-15 2007-02-28 Ｙｋｋ株式会社 編込み面ファスナー
NO20110821A1 (no) 2010-06-11 2011-12-12 Damgaard Marine As Notlin til bruk ved oppdrett av fisk, framgangsmate for framstilling av notlinet og anvendelse av samme
DE102013014586B4 (de) * 2013-08-29 2017-02-16 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. Knotenlos gewirktes Netz mit diagonalem Schussfadenverlauf und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3412817A1 (fr) 2018-12-12
DE102017112675A1 (de) 2018-12-13
DE102017112675B4 (de) 2021-06-10

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