EP3378802A1 - Support leg for mobile containers - Google Patents
Support leg for mobile containers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3378802A1 EP3378802A1 EP18156803.1A EP18156803A EP3378802A1 EP 3378802 A1 EP3378802 A1 EP 3378802A1 EP 18156803 A EP18156803 A EP 18156803A EP 3378802 A1 EP3378802 A1 EP 3378802A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support
- support foot
- leg
- foot
- guide groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/12—Supports
- B65D90/14—Legs, e.g. detachable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/12—Supports
- B65D90/14—Legs, e.g. detachable
- B65D90/143—Detachable individual legs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a support foot for swap bodies according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Swap bodies are standard freight containers for road and rail transport, which are usually equipped with four fold-up support legs under the frame. When unloading the support legs of the loaded swap body are folded down on the sides of the trailer from the storage position to the support position, lowered the semi-trailer and extended the vehicle under the raised swap body. When loading an erected swap body onto a semi-trailer, these steps are carried out in reverse order. Thus, swap bodies without additional equipment, such as a crane, the driver quickly and easily loaded and unloaded.
- Conventional support legs are substantially L-shaped and consist of a pivot leg and a horizontal support tube.
- the support tube is rotatably mounted in a support bearing on the underside of the interchangeable container, so that the pivot leg is pivotable about the longitudinal axis of the support tube between the storage position and the support position.
- the pivoting leg In the storage position, the pivoting leg is mounted approximately parallel to the underside of the interchangeable container, and in the supporting position, it is aligned perpendicular to the underside of the interchangeable container.
- the support tube is also laterally slidable in the support bearing, so that the pivoting legs can also be pushed outwards and inwards relative to the swap body.
- the support leg When setting up a swap body, the support leg is first pulled laterally outwardly from the storage position to an intermediate position, and then the swivel leg is pivoted from the horizontal intermediate position to the vertical support position. In order to achieve the largest possible contact surface of the swap body on the upper end of the pivot leg, the support foot can then be pushed laterally inwards again.
- a support foot is for example in the DE 3407390 described.
- the present invention now has the object to improve a standard support leg of the type mentioned in such a way that the improved support foot continues to meet the relevant standards, the extension of the support foot is made possible in the support position without substantial effort, the swap body in the support position directly the flat top of the Swivel leg rests and the support foot can be retrofitted to existing standard swap bodies.
- Another object of the invention is the complete automation and remote control of the movement of a support leg from the storage position to the support position and vice versa.
- the support foot 1 has the structure of typical, standard-compliant support legs for swap bodies, according to standards EN 283 and EN 284.
- the support foot 1 is substantially L-shaped and consists of a pivot leg 11 and a horizontal support tube 12 (FIG. FIG. 1a ).
- the pivot leg 11 itself is also substantially L-shaped with a flat upper bearing surface 13, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12.
- the bearing surface 13 projects beyond the vertical part of the pivoting leg 11 horizontally and serves for the direct support of the interchangeable container W on the pivoting leg 11 in the supporting position (FIG. FIGS. 1a and 1c ).
- the support bearing 2 consists essentially of a tube 21 which is fixed to the underside WU of the interchangeable container W and is suitable for receiving the support tube 12 of the support foot 1 ( Figures 1b-c ).
- the support tube 12 is rotatably and slidably disposed in the support bearing 2.
- FIGS. 2a to 2d The operation of the support foot 1 is subsequently based on FIGS. 2a to 2d explained.
- FIGS. 2a-d i) in each case a front or rear view of the bottom WU of the swap body W with the inventive support foot 1 and the FIGS. 1a-d (ii) a side view of the support leg 1 in the same position.
- the support foot 1 In the storage position of the support foot is folded up under the swap body W, wherein the pivot leg 11 is mounted as close as possible along the bottom WU of the swap body W ( FIG. 2a ).
- the support foot 1 When setting up the interchangeable container W, the support foot 1 is pushed laterally outward into the first intermediate position in a first step ( FIG. 2b ).
- the support leg 1 In a second step, the support leg 1 is rotated about the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12 and the pivot leg 11 folded vertically downwards into the second intermediate position ( Figure 2c ).
- the flat support surface 13 of the support leg 1 is not applied to the bottom WU of the interchangeable container W and prevents the rotation of the support foot 1 in the second step, the support leg 1 must be at least as far laterally pushed outwards in the first step until the entire pivot leg 11, in particular, the flat support surface 13, is no longer under the swap body W.
- the flat support surface 13 of the pivot leg 11 of the bottom WU of the interchangeable container W is facing ( Figure 2c ). So that the erected swap body W in the support position can rest directly on the support surface 13 of the pivot leg 11 and not only on the support tube 12, the support foot 1 again pushed laterally inwards in a third step ( Figure 2d ). This is crucial for the stability of the unfolded swap body.
- the weight of the interchangeable container W is taken directly from the pivot leg 11 and spared the rotation mechanism of the support leg 1 to the support tube 12 of too high, possibly harmful forces.
- the weight of the interchangeable container W is taken directly from the pivot leg 11 and spared the rotation mechanism of the support leg 1 to the support tube 12 of too high, possibly harmful forces.
- the support foot 1 is thus additionally locked in the support position.
- the support tube 12 of the support leg 1 has a guide groove 14 (FIG. FIGS. 3a and 4a-c ).
- a first bolt 22 is also attached as in FIG. 3b shown.
- This guide groove 14 consists of 3 segments AB, BC and CD, which between 4 positions A, B, C and D of the guide groove 14 are divided ( FIGS. 4a-c ). In the storage position ( FIG.
- the support foot 1 is completely pushed under the swap body W, wherein the first bolt 22 is in the position A of the guide groove 14.
- the support leg 1 In the first intermediate position ( FIG. 2b ), the support leg 1 is pushed laterally outwards, but not yet folded down, wherein the first pin 22 is in the position B of the guide groove 14.
- the second intermediate position ( Figure 2c ) In the second intermediate position ( Figure 2c ), the support foot 1 is folded down, but the support surface 13 is not yet inserted under the swap body W, wherein the first pin 22 is in the position C of the guide groove 14.
- the support foot In the supporting position ( Figure 2d ), the support foot is folded down and inserted again laterally under the swap body, wherein the first pin 22 is in the position D of the guide groove 14.
- the support foot 1 is preferably ejected without rotation between the storage position and the first intermediate position, so that the flat support surface 13 of the pivot leg 11 does not touch the bottom WU of the swap body W, the support leg 1, however, rubs or even jammed.
- the segment AB of the guide groove 14 is preferably rectilinear ( FIGS. 4a-c ) and aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12 ( FIG. 3a ).
- the segment CD of the guide groove 14 is preferably also rectilinear and aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12, so that the flat bearing surface 13 can be inserted parallel to the bottom WU of the interchangeable container W. Since the support leg 1 is not completely reinserted under the swap body W in the support position, the segment CD of the guide groove 14 is shorter than the segment AB.
- the rotation of the support leg 1 takes place between the first and the second intermediate position when the first bolt 22 is moved along the intermediate segment BC of the guide groove 14.
- This intermediate segment BC may have any shape, for example straight or, as in the FIG. 4a shown, bent. It is important that the intermediate segment BC is aligned obliquely to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12, so that a parallel displacement can be translated into a rotation (or vice versa) and both movements can be performed with a single drive.
- the angle ⁇ between the positions A, B and C is less than 90 ° and the angle ⁇ between the positions B, C and D greater than 90 °, wherein the rotation of the pivot leg 11 simultaneously with the lateral displacement inwards starts ( FIG. 4a ).
- the guide groove 14 is thus substantially J-shaped, with two to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12 parallel segments of different lengths, which are connected by at least one oblique intermediate segment.
- the guide groove 14 preferably has no branches and is arranged on the support tube 12 such that both ends of the guide groove 14 point in the direction of the pivot leg 11 and the end of the longer parallel segment is closer to the pivot leg 11 than the end of the shorter parallel segment ,
- the change of direction of the displacement of the support leg 1 takes place at the inner end of the guide groove 14, ie at the location of the guide groove 14 which is farthest from the pivot leg 11 (for example, position B in the embodiment of FIG. 4a - Position C in the embodiment of the FIG. 4b ).
- the first pin 22 does not move back in the same segment of the guide groove 14 from which it comes, but on the inner end of the guide groove 14 enters the next segment.
- a first lock 23 can be provided, which, as in FIGS. 5a-b shown with a second pin 231 is provided.
- This second pin 231 is preferably disposed on the tube 21, but could be mounted elsewhere on the support bearing 2 or even directly on the swap body W.
- the second pin 231 is between an open ( Figure 5a) and a closed ( Figure 5a) FIG. 5b ) Position slidably, preferably along its longitudinal axis, wherein it engages in the closed position in the guide groove 14 or other openings 15, 16 of the support tube 12.
- the support leg 1 is first pushed laterally outwards, wherein the first pin 22 along the segments CD and BC is guided to the position B. Since the first pin 22 is driven in the direction R due to gravity, it then goes after change of direction of the displacement of the support leg 1 from the position B back into the intermediate segment BC, and not as desired in the segment AB ( FIG. 6c ). To avoid this, as soon as the first pin 22 reaches the position B, the second pin 231 is pushed into the closed position and brought into engagement with the segment AB of the guide groove 14 ( FIG. 6d ). After changing direction of the displacement of the support leg 1 thus forces the second pin 231 the first pin 22 along the segment AB of the guide groove 14. Once both pins 22 and 231 are in the segment AB of the guide groove 14, the second pin 231 can again in the open position be pushed.
- the second pin 231 also serves to lock the support leg 1 in the support position and / or in the storage position by being pushed into openings 15, 16 of the support tube 12, when the pin 22 in the positions A and D of the guide groove 14 is located ( FIG. 6e ).
- the position of the openings 15, 16 and the relative orientation of the two bolts 22, 231 must of course correspond to the geometry of the selected guide groove 14 ( FIG. 6f ). It is important that the second pin 231 can engage in the next segment of the guide groove 14 when the first pin 22 is located at the inner end of the guide groove 14, where the change of direction of displacement of the support leg 1 takes place.
- the second bolt 231 is arranged on a holder 232 which is fastened on the support bearing 2 ( FIGS. 7a-b ).
- the second pin 231 can engage both in the guide groove 14 of the support tube 12 as well as in an opening 15 of the pivot leg 11, which is usually thicker than the support tube 12. This is particularly advantageous for locking the pivot leg in the storage position ( FIG. 7b ).
- the support foot is provided with a transverse strut, which connects the pivot leg 11 with the swap body W.
- This cross strut avoids the rotation of the pivot leg 11 in the storage and support position and is an additional security for locking the support leg 1 in these positions.
- a first end of the cross brace is rotatably connected to the pivot leg 11, while the second end of the cross brace can be secured and locked in the bearing or support position on the underside WU of the interchangeable container W.
- this second end of the transverse strut is guided in a rail which is arranged on the lower side WU of the interchangeable container W.
- the cross brace is locked by means of a second lock, which consists for example of a third bolt, which is movable between an open and a closed position.
- the third bolt may be controlled by a solenoid or other electronically controllable device.
- the bolt 22 in the pipe 21 is continuous, wherein the support foot 1 correspondingly has two guide grooves 14 on opposite sides of the support tube 12. This ensures a more stable guidance of the support foot 1 in the support bearing 2.
- an inner guide aid 221 which serves as an inner guide for the support tube 12.
- the support tube 12 is guided both from the outside through the tube 21 as well as from the inside through the inner guide aid 221 in the support bearing 2.
- a combination of both measures is in the FIG. 8 shown.
- the lateral movement of the support foot 1 inwards and outwards can be arbitrarily caused, manually or by means of a drive.
- Possible drives are, for example, hydraulic, pneumatic or electric power cylinders or motors.
- the lateral movement can also take place by means of a rotatable spindle 18 which rotates through a nut 222 ( FIGS. 8 and 9 ).
- the spindle 18 is fixed to the support foot 1 (of course rotatable) and the nut 222 is fixedly connected to the swap body W.
- the spindle on the swap body W and the nut 222 could be attached to the support foot 1.
- Such a spindle 18 is manually with or without translation, for example with an external hand crank, or with a motor, for example with an electric motor 17, rotatable.
- an electric motor 17 is integrated in the support foot 1, preferably in the pivot leg 11 under the flat support surface 13.
- the electric motor 17 rotates a spindle 18 which connects the electric motor 13 in the support tube 12 with a nut 222 of the support bearing 2.
- the nut 222 is located for example in the first pin 22 or in the inner guide aid 221.
- the spindle 18 may have a common thread or a trapezoidal thread, so that with the rotation of the spindle 18 through the nut 222 and relative to the bolt 22 or to the inner Guide aid 221 is moved, wherein the electric motor 17 and starting from the whole support leg 1 can be pushed laterally outwards or inwards.
- the bolt 22 is guided in the inventive guide groove 14 and the support leg 1 consequently also folded up and down.
- Particularly advantageous is the use of a ball screw, since the friction losses of the Thread are minimal.
- the thread pitch can be adjusted depending on the desired operating speed and power of the electric motor used. Calculations and experiments have shown that with a small pitch ball screw, small electric motors with torques of a few Nm-1 are sufficient to fold up and down conventional support legs 1 for swap bodies.
- the operation of the second pin 231 can also be automated, for example, with an electromagnet or other electronically controllable device.
- the electric motor 17 on the opposite side of the spindle 18 has a connection 19 which is accessible from the outside, ie from the side of the interchangeable container W, by an opening in the swivel leg 11 ( FIG. 10 ).
- This connection is used to connect the motor spindle with external tools such as a hand crank or a drill, so that the support legs in case of power failure or failure of the electric motor 17 can still be folded up and down. The driver thus has the certainty that the support legs 1 can always be operated.
- the electric motor 17 and / or the second bolt 231 for raising and lowering the support leg 1 and / or the third bolt for locking the support leg 1 are controlled with an automatic program.
- This program can either be carried out separately in each support foot 1 by independent controls, or by a single, central control which controls all the support legs 1 individually, one after the other or simultaneously. In the simultaneous operation of all support legs 1 a swap body W much time is gained.
- the electric motor 17 is rotated in the right direction, the position the support foot is automatically detected at each step of the movement, and automatically performs the corresponding actions at the right time (ie, changing the direction of rotation of the spindle 18, operation of the second pin 231 of the first latch 23 and operation of the second locking the crossbar).
- the up and / or folding down of the support foot 1 can be controlled remotely, so that the driver does not have to individually trigger the process when loading and unloading a swap body W at each support foot 1.
- the driver does not have to get out of the cab to trigger the movement on the support foot 1 or at another location of the swap body.
- the support foot 1 is thus connected to a remote control, this can either work with or without cable, which must be ensured in a wireless remote control that only the support feet of their own trailer down or be folded up.
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- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Ausklappbarer Stützfuss 1 zu einem Wechselbehälter W für den Strassen- und Schienenverkehr mit einem Schwenkbein 11 und einem Tragrohr 12, wobei das Tragrohr 12 eine J-förmige Führungsnut 14 zur Aufnahme eines Bolzens 22 aufweist. Beim Ausklappen des Stützfusses 1 wird dieser zuerst lateral nach aussen geschoben, dann senkrecht zum Wechselbehälter W heruntergeklappt und schliesslich leicht wieder lateral nach innen geschoben, so dass die Unterseite WU des Wechselbehälters W auf die flache Auflagefläche 13 des Schwenkbeins 11 aufliegt. Foldable support leg 1 to a swap body W for road and rail transport with a pivot leg 11 and a support tube 12, wherein the support tube 12 has a J-shaped guide groove 14 for receiving a bolt 22. When unfolding the support leg 1, this is first pushed laterally outwards, then folded down perpendicular to the swap body W and finally pushed back slightly laterally inside, so that the bottom WU of the swap body W rests on the flat support surface 13 of the pivot leg 11.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Stützfuss für Wechselbehälter gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a support foot for swap bodies according to the preamble of
Wechselbehälter sind Standard-Frachtcontainer für den Strassen- und Schienenverkehr, welche üblicherweise mit vier hochklappbaren Stützfüssen unter dem Rahmen ausgestattet sind. Beim Abladen werden die Stützfüsse des geladenen Wechselbehälters an den Seiten des Aufliegers aus der Lagerposition in die Stützposition heruntergeklappt, der Auflieger abgesenkt und das Fahrzeug unter dem aufgestellten Wechselbehälter ausgefahren. Beim Laden eines aufgestellten Wechselbehälters auf einen Auflieger erfolgen diese Schritte in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Somit können Wechselbehälter ohne zusätzliche Ausrüstung, wie zum Beispiel einem Kran, vom Fahrzeugführer einfach und schnell auf- und abgeladen werden.Swap bodies are standard freight containers for road and rail transport, which are usually equipped with four fold-up support legs under the frame. When unloading the support legs of the loaded swap body are folded down on the sides of the trailer from the storage position to the support position, lowered the semi-trailer and extended the vehicle under the raised swap body. When loading an erected swap body onto a semi-trailer, these steps are carried out in reverse order. Thus, swap bodies without additional equipment, such as a crane, the driver quickly and easily loaded and unloaded.
Herkömmliche Stützfüsse sind im Wesentlichen L-förmig und bestehen aus einem Schwenkbein und einem horizontalen Tragrohr. Das Tragrohr ist in einem Traglager an der Unterseite des Wechselbehälters drehbar angeordnet, so dass das Schwenkbein um die Längsachse des Tragrohrs zwischen der Lagerposition und der Stützposition schwenkbar ist. In der Lagerposition ist das Schwenkbein ungefähr parallel an der Unterseite des Wechselbehälters gelagert, und in der Stützposition ist es senkrecht zur Unterseite des Wechselbehälters ausgerichtet. Das Tragrohr ist im Traglager ausserdem lateral schiebbar, damit die Schwenkbeine auch relativ zum Wechselbehälter nach aussen und nach innen geschoben werden können. Beim Aufstellen eines Wechselbehälters wird der Stützfuss zuerst lateral nach aussen von der Lagerposition in eine Zwischenposition gezogen und das Schwenkbein dann von der horizontalen Zwischenposition in die vertikale Stützposition geschwenkt. Um eine möglichst grosse Auflagefläche des Wechselbehälters auf dem oberen Ende des Schwenkbeins zu erreichen, kann der Stützfuss anschliessend wieder lateral nach innen geschoben werden. Ein derartiger Stützfuss ist beispielsweise in der
Die Bedienung der vier Stützfüsse eines Wechselbehälters ist ein erheblicher Zeitaufwand, da diese sowohl beim Aufladen wie beim Abladen einzeln manuell hoch-und heruntergeklappt werden. Da Wechselbehälter ausserdem mit mehreren Tonnen Frachtgüter beladen werden können, bestehen die Stützfüsse meistens aus dicken und schweren Metallrohren oder -stäben. Die Handhabung der Stützfüsse stellt also auch eine erhebliche körperliche Anstrengung für den Fahrzeugführer dar. Insbesondere beim Hochschwenken der Stützfüsse aus der Stützposition ist ein grosser Kraftaufwand nötig. Beim Schwenken der Stützfüsse aus der Zwischenposition besteht zudem die Gefahr, dass das schwere Schwenkbein herunterfällt und hierdurch Verletzungen verursacht werden.The operation of the four support legs of a swap body is a considerable amount of time, since they are individually manually up and down both during charging and unloading. In addition, since swap bodies can be loaded with several tons of cargo, the outriggers are usually made of thick and heavy metal tubes or rods. The handling of the support legs so also represents a significant physical effort for the driver. In particular, when pivoting the support legs from the support position a great effort is needed. When pivoting the support legs from the intermediate position there is also the risk that the heavy pivoting leg falls down and this causes injuries.
Zur Lösung dieser Probleme kann die Bedienung der Stützfüsse automatisiert werden. Im Stand der Technik werden hierzu verschiedene Lösungen vorgestellt. In der
Bei den bekannten automatischen Stützfüssen liegt der Wechselbehälter in der Stützposition nicht direkt auf dem Schwenkbein, sondern auf dem Tragrohr, welches das Schwenkbein mit dem Traglager horizontal verbindet. Dies ist beispielsweise in den
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich nunmehr die Aufgabe, einen normgerechten Stützfuss der eingangs genannten Art derart zu verbessern, dass der verbesserte Stützfuss den einschlägigen Normen weiterhin entspricht, das Ausfahren des Stützfusses in die Stützposition ohne wesentlichen Kraftaufwand ermöglicht wird, der Wechselbehälter in der Stützposition direkt auf dem flachen oberen Ende des Schwenkbeins aufliegt und der Stützfuss auf bestehende Standard-Wechselbehälter nachrüstbar ist.The present invention now has the object to improve a standard support leg of the type mentioned in such a way that the improved support foot continues to meet the relevant standards, the extension of the support foot is made possible in the support position without substantial effort, the swap body in the support position directly the flat top of the Swivel leg rests and the support foot can be retrofitted to existing standard swap bodies.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die vollständige Automatisierung und Fernsteuerung der Bewegung eines Stützfusses von der Lagerposition in die Stützposition und umgekehrt.Another object of the invention is the complete automation and remote control of the movement of a support leg from the storage position to the support position and vice versa.
Diese Aufgabe löst ein Stützfuss für Wechselbehälter mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Weitere Merkmale und Ausführungsbeispiele gehen aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen hervor und deren Vorteile sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert.This object is achieved by a support foot for swap bodies with the features of
In der Figur zeigt:
- Figur 1a
- Stützfuss
- Figur 1b
- Traglager am Wechselbehälter
- Figur 1c
- Stützfuss im Traglager in der Stützposition
- Figur 2a
- Wechselbehälter mit Stützfuss in der Lagerposition
- Figur 2b
- Wechselbehälter mit Stützfuss in der ersten Zwischenposition
- Figur 2c
- Wechselbehälter mit Stützfuss in der zweiten Zwischenposition
- Figur 2d
- Wechselbehälter mit Stützfuss in der Stützposition
- Figur 3a
- Stützfuss mit Führungsnut
- Figur 3b
- Traglager mit dem ersten Bolzen
- Figur 4a-c
- Ausführungsvarianten der Führungsnut
- Figur 5a
- Traglager mit Verriegelung in der offenen Position
- Figur 5b
- Traglager mit Verriegelung in der geschlossenen Position
- Figur 6a
- Einfluss der Schwerkraft auf dem Stützfuss und Drehkraft D
- Figur 6b
- Weg des ersten Bolzens entlang der Führungsnut beim Aufklappen des Stützfusses
- Figur 6c
- Weg des ersten Bolzens entlang der Führungsnut beim Hochklappen des Stützfusses
- Figur 6d
- Mitwirkung des zweiten Bolzens in der Führungsnut beim Hochklappen des Stützfusses
- Figur 6e-f
- Ausführungsvarianten des Tragrohrs und der Führungsnut mit Öffnungen neben den Endpositionen zur Verriegelung des Stützfusses in der Stütz- bzw. Lagerposition
- Figur 7a-b
- Ausführungsvariante der Verriegelung mit Halter
- Figur 8
- Ausführungsvariante des Traglagers mit durchgehendem Bolzen und inneren Führungshilfe
- Figur 9
- Ausführungsvariante des Stützfusses mit Elektromotor
- Figur 10
- Ausführungsvariante des Stützfusses mit Elektromotor und Anschluss für Werkzeuge
- FIG. 1a
- Stützfuss
- FIG. 1b
- Support bearing on the swap body
- Figure 1c
- Support foot in the support bearing in the support position
- FIG. 2a
- Swap body with support foot in storage position
- FIG. 2b
- Swap body with support foot in the first intermediate position
- Figure 2c
- Swap body with support foot in the second intermediate position
- Figure 2d
- Swap body with support foot in the support position
- FIG. 3a
- Support foot with guide groove
- FIG. 3b
- Support bearing with the first bolt
- Figure 4a-c
- Variants of the guide groove
- FIG. 5a
- Support bearing with lock in the open position
- FIG. 5b
- Support bearing with lock in the closed position
- FIG. 6a
- Influence of gravity on the support foot and torque D
- FIG. 6b
- Path of the first bolt along the guide groove when unfolding the support leg
- FIG. 6c
- Path of the first bolt along the guide groove when folding up the support foot
- FIG. 6d
- Co-operation of the second bolt in the guide groove when folding up the support foot
- FIGS. 6e-f
- Embodiment variants of the support tube and the guide groove with openings adjacent to the end positions for locking the support foot in the support or storage position
- Figure 7a-b
- Design variant of the lock with holder
- FIG. 8
- Design variant of the support bearing with a continuous bolt and inner guide
- FIG. 9
- Variant of the support leg with electric motor
- FIG. 10
- Design variant of the support foot with electric motor and connection for tools
Die Figuren stellen mögliche Ausführungsbeispiele dar, welche in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert werden.The figures represent possible embodiments, which will be explained in the following description.
Der erfindungsgemässe Stützfuss 1 hat den Aufbau typischer, normgerechter Stützfüsse für Wechselbehälter, gemäss Normen EN 283 und EN 284. Der Stützfuss 1 ist im Wesentlichen L-förmig und besteht aus einem Schwenkbein 11 und einem horizontalen Tragrohr 12 (
Die Bedienung des Stützfusses 1 wird nachfolgend basierend auf
In der Lagerposition ist der Stützfuss unter dem Wechselbehälter W hochgeklappt, wobei das Schwenkbein 11 möglichst nah entlang der Unterseite WU des Wechselbehälters W gelagert ist (
Zur Führung des Stützfusses 1 von der Lagerposition zur Stützposition (oder umgekehrt), weist gemäss Erfindung das Tragrohr 12 des Stützfusses 1 eine Führungsnut 14 auf (
Der Stützfuss 1 wird vorzugsweise ohne Drehung zwischen der Lagerposition und der ersten Zwischenposition ausgeschoben, damit die flache Auflagefläche 13 des Schwenkbeins 11 nicht die Unterseite WU des Wechselbehälters W berührt, der Stützfuss 1 dagegen reibt oder sich sogar verklemmt. Demnach ist das Segment AB der Führungsnut 14 vorzugsweise geradlinig (
Die Drehung des Stützfusses 1 erfolgt zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Zwischenposition, wenn der erste Bolzen 22 entlang dem Zwischensegment BC der Führungsnut 14 bewegt wird. Dieses Zwischensegment BC kann beliebige Formen aufweisen, beispielsweise geradlinig oder, wie in der
Der Richtungswechsel der Verschiebung des Stützfusses 1 erfolgt am inneren Ende der Führungsnut 14, d.h. an der Stelle der Führungsnut 14, die am weitesten vom Schwenkbein 11 entfernt ist (beispielsweise Stellung B in der Ausführungsvariante der
Wenn das Schwenkbein 11 sich nicht in der Stützposition oder in der zweiten, vertikalen Zwischenposition befindet, übt es aufgrund der Schwerkraft eine Drehkraft D auf das Tragrohr 12 aus (
In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung dient der zweite Bolzen 231 ausserdem zur Verriegelung des Stützfusses 1 in der Stützposition und/oder in der Lagerposition, indem er in Öffnungen 15, 16 des Tragrohrs 12 geschoben wird, wenn der Bolzen 22 sich in den Stellungen A bzw. D der Führungsnut 14 befindet (
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der ersten Verriegelung 23 ist der zweite Bolzen 231 auf einem Halter 232 angeordnet, welcher am Traglager 2 befestigt ist (
Vorzugsweise ist der Stützfuss mit einer Querstrebe versehen, welche das Schwenkbein 11 mit dem Wechselbehälter W verbindet. Diese Querstrebe vermeidet die Drehung des Schwenkbeins 11 in der Lager- und Stützposition und ist eine zusätzliche Sicherheit zur Verriegelung des Stützfusses 1 in diesen Positionen. Üblicherweise ist ein erstes Ende der Querstrebe mit dem Schwenkbein 11 drehbar verbunden, während das zweite Ende der Querstrebe in der Lager- bzw. Stützposition an der Unterseite WU des Wechselbehälters W befestigt und verriegelt werden kann. In der erfindungsgemässen Ausführung wird dieses zweite Ende der Querstrebe in einer Schiene geführt, welche an der Unterseite WU des Wechselbehälters W angeordnet ist. Zur Verriegelung des Stützfusses 1 in der Lager- und Stützposition wird das zweite Ende der Querstrebe an den entsprechenden Stellungen der Schiene verriegelt. Die Querstrebe wird anhand einer zweiten Verriegelung verriegelt, welche beispielsweise aus einem dritten Bolzen besteht, der zwischen einer offenen und einer geschlossenen Position bewegbar ist. Der dritte Bolzen kann mit einem Elektromagnet oder einer anderen elektronisch steuerbaren Vorrichtung gesteuert werden.Preferably, the support foot is provided with a transverse strut, which connects the
In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist der Bolzen 22 im Rohr 21 durchgängig, wobei der Stützfuss 1 entsprechend zwei Führungsnuten 14 auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Tragrohrs 12 aufweist. Dies gewährleistet eine stabilere Führung des Stützfusses 1 im Traglager 2. In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante ist am Bolzen 22 eine innere Führungshilfe 221 befestigt, welche als innere Führung für das Tragrohr 12 dient. Somit wird das Tragrohr 12 sowohl von aussen durch das Rohr 21 wie auch von innen durch die innere Führungshilfe 221 im Traglager 2 geführt. Eine Kombination beider Massnahmen ist in der
Die laterale Bewegung des Stützfusses 1 nach innen und nach aussen kann beliebig verursacht werden, manuell oder mittels eines Antriebs. Mögliche Antriebe sind beispielsweise hydraulische, pneumatische oder elektrische Arbeitszylinder oder Motoren. Alternativ kann die laterale Bewegung auch mittels einer drehbaren Spindel 18 erfolgen, welche durch eine Mutter 222 dreht (
In der Ausführungsvariante der
Die Bedienung des zweiten Bolzens 231 kann auch automatisiert werden, beispielsweise mit einem Elektromagnet oder einer anderen elektronisch steuerbaren Vorrichtung.The operation of the
In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung weist der Elektromotor 17 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Spindel 18 einen Anschluss 19 auf, welches durch eine Öffnung im Schwenkbein 11 von aussen, d.h. von der Seite des Wechselbehälters W, zugänglich ist (
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Elektromotor 17 und/oder der zweite Bolzen 231 zum Hoch- und Herunterklappen des Stützfusses 1 und/oder der dritte Bolzen zur Verriegelung des Stützfusses 1 mit einem automatischen Programm gesteuert werden. Dieses Programm kann entweder in jedem Stützfuss 1 von unabhängigen Steuerungen separat ausgeführt werden, oder von einer einzigen, zentralen Steuerung, welche alle Stützfüsse 1 einzeln, nacheinander oder gleichzeitig steuert. Bei der gleichzeitigen Bedienung aller Stützfüsse 1 eines Wechselbehälters W wird viel Zeit gewonnen. Dabei der Elektromotor 17 in der richtigen Richtung gedreht, die Position des Stützfusses an jedem Schritt der Bewegung automatisch ermittelt, und die entsprechenden Handlungen zur rechten Zeit automatisch ausgeführt (d.h. Wechsel der Drehrichtung der Spindel 18, Bedienung des zweiten Bolzens 231 der ersten Verriegelung 23 und Bedienung der zweiten Verriegelung der Querstrebe).It is particularly advantageous if the
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn das Hoch- und/oder Herunterklappen des Stützfusses 1 ferngesteuert werden kann, damit der Fahrzeugführer beim Auf- und Abladen eines Wechselbehälters W nicht bei jedem Stützfuss 1 einzeln den Vorgang auslösen muss. In einer besonders zeitsparenden Version der Erfindung muss der Fahrzeugführer nicht aus der Fahrkabine aussteigen um die Bewegung am Stützfuss 1 oder an einem anderen Ort des Wechselbehälters W auszulösen. In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante ist der Stützfuss 1 also mit einer Fernbedienung verbunden, diese kann entweder mit oder ohne Kabel funktionieren, wobei bei einer kabellosen Fernsteuerung sichergestellt werden muss, dass nur die Stützfüsse des eigenen Anhängers herunter- bzw. hochgeklappt werden.It is also particularly advantageous if the up and / or folding down of the
Die oben beschriebenen Verbesserungen eines herkömmlichen und normgerechten Stützfusses für Wechselbehälter und des dazugehörigen Traglagers beschränken sich im Wesentlichen auf das Einbringen interner Bauteile im Stützfuss 1 und im Traglager 2, ohne jegliche Abänderung an deren Grundaufbau und Funktionsweise. Der vorgestellte automatische Stützfuss entspricht also den Normen, insbesondere EN 283 und EN 284 nach wie vor. Da die erfindungsgemässe Mechanik zur Automatisierung des Stützfusses 1 im Stützfuss 1 und im Traglager 2 integriert ist, ist sie von der Umgebung geschützt, was die Beständigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit der Erfindung gewährleistet. Dadurch wird ausserdem ein Stützfuss 1 mit kompaktem Aufbau bereitgestellt, welcher als einzelbeständiger Teil auf bestehenden Wechselbehältern einfach und mit geringem Aufwand nachrüstbar ist.The above-described improvements of a conventional and standard support leg for swap bodies and the associated support bearing are essentially limited to the introduction of internal components in the
Claims (15)
wobei ein mit dem Wechselbehälter W verbundener Bolzen 22 in einer Führungsnut 14 geführt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Führungsnut 14 im Tragrohr 12 ist und zwei zur Längsachse L des Tragrohrs 12 parallele Segmente aufweist, welche durch mindestens ein schräges Zwischensegment verbunden sind, so dass eine laterale Bewegung des Stützfusses 1 diesen von der Lagerposition in die Stützposition bringt.Fold-out support foot 1 for a swap body W with a pivot leg 11 and a support tube 12,
wherein a bolt 22 connected to the swap body W is guided in a guide groove 14,
characterized in that
the guide groove 14 in the support tube 12 and has two parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the support tube 12 segments, which are connected by at least one oblique intermediate segment, so that a lateral movement of the support foot 1 brings this from the storage position to the support position.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die parallelen Segmente der Führungsnut 14 am inneren Ende durch das Zwischensegment verbunden sind, so dass eine laterale Bewegung des Stützfusses 1 nach aussen diesen von der Lagerposition in eine erste Zwischenposition bringt, mindestens eine weitere laterale Bewegung nach aussen und/oder innen den Stützfuss in eine zweite Zwischenposition bringt und eine laterale Bewegung nach innen diesen von der zweiten Zwischenposition in die Stützposition bringt, und umgekehrt.Support foot 1 according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the parallel segments of the guide groove 14 are connected at the inner end by the intermediate segment, so that a lateral movement of the support foot 1 to the outside brings this from the storage position to a first intermediate position, at least one further lateral movement to the outside and / or inside the support foot into a brings second intermediate position and brings a lateral movement inward from the second intermediate position to the support position, and vice versa.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine mit dem Wechselbehälter W verbundene erste Verriegelung 23 den Stützfuss 1 in der Lagerposition, und in der Stützposition fest verriegelt.Support foot 1 according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a connected to the swap body W first latch 23 the support leg 1 in the storage position, and firmly locked in the support position.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die erste Verriegelung 23 in der ersten Zwischenposition in der Führungsnut 14 eingreift, so dass der Stützfuss 1 gegen das Herunterfallen aufgrund der Schwerkraft gesichert ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the first lock 23 engages in the first intermediate position in the guide groove 14, so that the support leg 1 is secured against falling due to gravity.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die laterale Bewegung durch einen Antrieb erfolgt.Support foot 1 according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the lateral movement is effected by a drive.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Antrieb ein elektrischer, pneumatischer oder hydraulischer Zylinder oder Motor ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the drive is an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder or motor.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine Spindel 18 am Stützfuss 1 rotierbar befestigt ist und in einer Mutter 222 geführt wird, welche mit dem Bolzen 22 fest verbunden ist, so dass die Rotation der Spindel 18 eine laterale Bewegung des Stützfusses 1 herbeiführt.Support foot 1 according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a spindle 18 is rotatably mounted on the support leg 1 and is guided in a nut 222 which is fixedly connected to the bolt 22, so that the rotation of the spindle 18 causes a lateral movement of the support leg 1.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Spindel 18 durch einen Elektromotor 17 angetrieben wird, welcher mit dem Stützfuss 1 fest verbunden ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 7,
characterized in that
the spindle 18 is driven by an electric motor 17 which is fixedly connected to the support foot 1.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Elektromotor 17 im Stützfuss 1 integriert ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the electric motor 17 is integrated in the support foot 1.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die erste Verriegelung 23 ein Elektromagnet oder eine andere elektronisch steuerbare Vorrichtung ist und diese zusammen mit dem Elektromotor 17 durch eine zentrale Steuerung betätigbar ist.Support foot 1 according to claims 3 and 8,
characterized in that
the first latch 23 is an electromagnet or other electronically controllable device and this can be actuated together with the electric motor 17 by a central control.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Stromversorgung zur Steuerung der ersten Verriegelung und des Elektromotors durch eine Batterie oder einen Akku unabhängig vom Fahrzeug oder einer externen Stromquelle ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the power supply for controlling the first latch and the electric motor by a battery or a battery is independent of the vehicle or an external power source.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Hoch- und/oder Herunterklappen des Stützfusses 1 zentral Steuerung mit einer Fernbedienung ausgerüstet ist.Support foot 1 according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the up and / or folding down of the support foot 1 central control is equipped with a remote control.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die zentrale Steuerung mehrere Stützfüsse 1 eines Wechselbehälters W automatisch hintereinander oder gleichzeitig hoch- und/oder herunterklappt.Support foot 1 according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the central control several support legs 1 of a swap body W automatically successively or simultaneously up and / or down.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine mit dem Wechselbehälter verbundene zweite Verriegelung, eine mit dem Stützfuss verbundene und in einer am Wechselbehälter W befestigten Schiene geführten Querstrebe, die zur Stärkung des Stützfusses 1 in der Stützposition dient, diese Querstrebe und damit den Stützfuss in der Lagerposition und in der Stützposition fest verriegelt.Support foot 1 according to claim 3,
characterized in that
a second latch connected to the interchangeable container, a cross strut connected to the support leg and guided in a rail mounted on the swap body W, which serves to strengthen the support leg 1 in the support position, firmly locks this cross strut and thus the support foot in the storage position and in the support position ,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die zweite Verriegelung ein Elektromagnet oder eine andere elektronisch steuerbare Vorrichtung ist, die ebenfalls durch eine zentrale Steuerung betätigbar ist.Support foot 1 according to claims 10 and 14,
characterized in that
the second lock is a solenoid or other electronically controllable device which is also operable by a central controller.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00367/17A CH713603A2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Support foot for swap bodies. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3378802A1 true EP3378802A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
EP3378802B1 EP3378802B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
Family
ID=61231069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18156803.1A Active EP3378802B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2018-02-14 | Support leg for mobile containers |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3378802B1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH713603A2 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1556553A1 (en) | 1967-02-07 | 1970-04-09 | Dobson Ltd W E & F | Transport loading frames for motor vehicles |
DE3407390A1 (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Wihag Nutzfahrzeugtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 4800 Bielefeld | Angular support foot for interchangeable superstructures of lorries |
DE9404054U1 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1994-05-11 | Zeppelin Systemtechnik Gmbh, 77656 Offenburg | Lifting device with integrated leveling device |
WO1998015475A1 (en) | 1996-10-07 | 1998-04-16 | I.M.C.G. S.A.R.L | Container for the combined rail-and-road transport of goods, with retractable props |
DE19709526A1 (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-30 | Haacon Hebetech Gmbh | Levelling system for lifting or lowering supporting bodies esp. container |
DE202005014795U1 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2005-11-17 | Mahnken, Georg | Bearing unit for support column of exchangeable container of lorry, comprising slot and bolt mechanism |
WO2015026246A2 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-02-26 | Bison Group Limited | Container lift and/or weighing system |
-
2017
- 2017-03-22 CH CH00367/17A patent/CH713603A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2018
- 2018-02-14 EP EP18156803.1A patent/EP3378802B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1556553A1 (en) | 1967-02-07 | 1970-04-09 | Dobson Ltd W E & F | Transport loading frames for motor vehicles |
DE3407390A1 (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Wihag Nutzfahrzeugtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 4800 Bielefeld | Angular support foot for interchangeable superstructures of lorries |
DE9404054U1 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1994-05-11 | Zeppelin Systemtechnik Gmbh, 77656 Offenburg | Lifting device with integrated leveling device |
WO1998015475A1 (en) | 1996-10-07 | 1998-04-16 | I.M.C.G. S.A.R.L | Container for the combined rail-and-road transport of goods, with retractable props |
DE19709526A1 (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-30 | Haacon Hebetech Gmbh | Levelling system for lifting or lowering supporting bodies esp. container |
DE202005014795U1 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2005-11-17 | Mahnken, Georg | Bearing unit for support column of exchangeable container of lorry, comprising slot and bolt mechanism |
WO2015026246A2 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-02-26 | Bison Group Limited | Container lift and/or weighing system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3378802B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
CH713603A2 (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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