EP3338288B1 - Commutateur pour un appareil électrique - Google Patents

Commutateur pour un appareil électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3338288B1
EP3338288B1 EP16750138.6A EP16750138A EP3338288B1 EP 3338288 B1 EP3338288 B1 EP 3338288B1 EP 16750138 A EP16750138 A EP 16750138A EP 3338288 B1 EP3338288 B1 EP 3338288B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
housing
contact
operating element
circuit board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP16750138.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3338288A1 (fr
Inventor
Franc Stuklek
Rudolf Faude
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELRAD International doo
Original Assignee
ELRAD International doo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELRAD International doo filed Critical ELRAD International doo
Publication of EP3338288A1 publication Critical patent/EP3338288A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3338288B1 publication Critical patent/EP3338288B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/04—Cases; Covers
    • H01H19/06—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/04—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/50—Adjustable resistors structurally combined with switching arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/46—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having three operative positions, e.g. off/star/delta
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • H01H9/061—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner enclosing a continuously variable impedance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/52—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force, e.g. bell-push switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/36—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having only two operative positions, e.g. relatively displaced by 180 degrees
    • H01H19/38—Change-over switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/078—Variable resistance by variable contact area or point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • H01H9/063—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner enclosing a reversing switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch for an electrical appliance, in particular for a power tool, with a slider for adjusting a rotational speed of the electrical appliance, with a switch housing and with at least one arranged in the switch housing circuit board for receiving electrical components of the slide controller.
  • Such switches are used for example as a multiple switch in electrical appliances, especially in drills, battery screws and other electric hand tools, or even in household appliances.
  • a switch of this kind is for example from the DE 100 19 471 A1 known.
  • the slider is adjustable via a mostly linearly displaceable against a restoring force or depressible control element.
  • Sliders are known which are arranged directly in a power circuit of the electrical appliance or in a low-voltage, low-current control circuit. In the low voltage and low current operated sliders provide a mostly proportional to the position of the slider running output signal, which is supplied to a power electronics. This amplifies the output signal and supplies it to a drive unit of the electrical appliance. On the Slider can be set so, for example, the speed of the power tool.
  • the slider include multiple switch other switching elements, for example, to switch the direction of rotation of the drive unit or for switching on / off the electrical appliance.
  • these switching elements often engage in the power circuit of the electrical appliance.
  • the switching elements are arranged in the control circuit and their switching signals are forwarded to the power electronics accordingly.
  • sliders as potentiometers, that is to say as variable ohmic resistors, for example with sliding contacts.
  • the sliding contacts are connected, for example by means of a mechanical translation with the control.
  • the document discloses a capacitive encoder with a housing attachable to a circuit board.
  • the housing has a receptacle in which a slider is movably mounted.
  • the slider is permanently arranged in a reference region between a first measuring electrode and an opposite ground electrode.
  • the slider is introduced more or less far into a measuring range between a second measuring electrode and a second ground electrode, wherein the ground electrodes of the reference and of the measuring range can be embodied as a one-piece electrode.
  • the change in the capacitance between the electrodes arranged in the measuring region and the capacitance between the electrodes arranged in the reference region during a movement of the slide is evaluated.
  • the measuring electrodes can be arranged on the circuit board, while the ground electrode is integrated in the lid of the housing.
  • Both the described capacitive displacement sensor and the ohmic displacement sensor operate in a control circuit at low currents and voltages. at Both already lead to low contamination of the contacts and the electrodes to faults and thus to a malfunction of the controlled electrical device.
  • the required further switching elements are integrated into the control circuit. Switches are realized according to known arrangements via two arranged on the circuit board, open contact surfaces, which can be bridged by a conductive bridge.
  • this inexpensive construction has the disadvantage that dust and dirt, which reaches into the region of the contact surfaces, the contact resistance between the contact surfaces and the bridge can change so much that the function of the switch is disturbed. A disturbance occurs especially at the low voltages and currents used in the control circuit already at relatively low levels of contamination.
  • the operating element is pressed against a restoring force in a switch housing during actuation of the slide control and pushed back on discharge to a stop from the switch housing.
  • space is displaced in the switch housing and released again.
  • This creates a pumping effect in which the air pressure in the switch housing changes.
  • air is displaced from the housing and then sucked in again. Due to the sucked air, dirt and dust are drawn into the switch housing even through the smallest openings and cracks.
  • the amount of dust thus introduced into the switch housing or dirt is many times greater than the amount which penetrates into the switch housing without actuation of the operating element and thus without aspirated air.
  • the dirt and dust settle in particular on the open contacts of the control circuit and cause interference.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that a movably mounted control element of the slider is inserted sealed in all positions of the control element by a first passage in a contact space of the switch housing and sealed out by a second passage out of the contact space.
  • a section of the operating element is thus inserted into the contact space and at the same time a section is pushed out of the contact space.
  • no space is displaced or released in the contact space.
  • a pumping effect in which the air pressure within the contact space with respect to the environment increases and decreases and thereby displaces air from the contact space and then sucked back, can be avoided. This leads to the result that no dust and dirt with the sucked air is drawn into the contact area of the switch housing.
  • the operating element is sealed in such a way in the contact space or executed that no dust or dirt on its surface is dragged into the contact space.
  • the switch housing is advantageously carried out dust-tight so that little or no dust or dirt can get into the switch housing or in the contact area without a supporting air pressure difference. By avoiding the pumping effect, the dust or dirt entry into the contact space can thus be significantly reduced. This is particularly advantageous for switches, which work with low voltages and exposed contacts in the contact area, advantageous because even slight contamination can lead to disturbances. Such disturbances can, for example, result in power tools that e.g. The speed of the power tool can not be adjusted controlled, which represents a high security risk. By the switch according to the invention thus also the safety in the operation of electrical appliances can be improved.
  • Air movement between the contact space and the dust and dirt contaminated environment can be reliably prevented by the displaced volume of the inserted during an adjustment of the slider in the contact area portion of the control element and the displaced volume of the guided out during the adjustment of the contact portion of the operating element are equal or maximum of 10% of each other differ.
  • the operating element can be formed, for example, from a rod with the same outer diameter in the region of the contact space. As a result, no or only a small pump effect is effected when the operating element is actuated, so that no air is displaced from the contact space or drawn into the contact space.
  • a proportional to the position of the control element output of the switch can be obtained in that the slider is designed as a linear potentiometer, that on the control element at least one sliding contact of the linear potentiometer is attached directly or indirectly and that the sliding contact cooperates with mounted on the circuit board resistor tracks or that Slider is designed as a capacitive displacement sensor and that on the operating element in dependence on the control position of the control element sections between at least two electrodes arranged slide of the capacitive displacement sensor is attached directly or indirectly.
  • the inventive switch design prevents dirt or dust from entering the contact space.
  • the sliding contacts and resistor tracks can be arranged so open and without additional encapsulation in the contact space. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the switch over switches with encapsulated switching elements can be significantly reduced.
  • the capacitive displacement sensor can also be designed to be open without the penetration of dust or dirt interfering with its function.
  • the control element is preferably designed in the areas that can be inserted into the contact space and pulled out again, rod-shaped with the same diameter.
  • the sliding contacts or the slider are attached to the operating element in a region of the operating element which lies within the contact space at all adjusting positions of the operating element. The travel of the control element can be advantageously limited by stops.
  • the control can be adjusted against a restoring force.
  • the operating element has a spring receptacle in a region arranged outside the contact space, that an abutment for a spring can be fastened to the switch housing, and that the spring is clamped between the thrust bearing and the spring receptacle and biases the operating element.
  • a possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the switch is associated with a rotary switch and that a connection between an actuating part and at least one contact element of the rotary switch is sealed and rotatably inserted into the contact space.
  • the rotary switch leads advantageously to no change in volume within the contact space and therefore no pumping effect. It can for example be designed as a right / left switch, with which switch a direction of rotation of a motor of a power tool or can turn off the power tool in an intermediate position of the rotary switch.
  • a cost-effective construction of the rotary switch can be made possible in that the contact element in dependence on the position of the actuating part in electrically conductive connection to at least one arranged on the circuit board contact surface or no contact surface.
  • the open contact surfaces are possible because no or little dust or dirt penetrates into the contact space.
  • the contact element bridges two contact surfaces. By combining the contact surfaces connected as a function of the switch position, different switching states can be produced. If at least one contact of the contact element lies on no connected contact surface, the electrical appliance can thereby be switched off.
  • an electrical connection of the circuit board is sealed out of the switch housing and / or the contact space
  • the signals of the switch can be supplied to a downstream electronics.
  • the sealing of the electrical connection can be made so simple that it is only prevented that loose dust can penetrate into the switch housing.
  • a simple mounting of the switch is made possible by the fact that the switch housing is formed at least from a lower housing part and an upper housing part connected to the lower housing part via latching connections. Before assembly, the switch components can be mounted in the housing parts and then assembled. By the latching connection, a largely dust-tight connection between the housing parts can be made, so that no dust or dirt can penetrate into the contact space at this point without the described pumping effect.
  • the switch is operated with low voltage, preferably with a voltage less than or equal to 12 V, and that output signals of the switch are supplied to power electronics.
  • the switch can be constructed inexpensively. This results for example from the lower required distances between live components and the no longer required isolation measures that are required for high voltages.
  • the downstream power electronics provide the electrical power required to operate the electrical appliance to be switched.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective side view in an exploded view of a switch 10 with a slider 20.
  • the switch 10 is constructed as a multiple switch from the subassemblies slider 20, circuit board 30, housing base 40, rotary switch 50, housing top 60 and an abutment 70.
  • the switch 10 is used in the embodiment of the control of a power tool, not shown, with adjustable speed and forward / reverse.
  • the slider 20 is designed as a resistive slider 20. It is made of a sliding element 21 with this associated sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 and resistance paths, which are not shown on the housing lower part 40th facing side of the circuit board 30 are formed.
  • a guide portion 21.1 is integrally formed on a control element 21.4.
  • the guide portion 21.1 carries sliding contact 21.2, 21.3.
  • the operating element 21.4 is designed rod-shaped. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it has a round cross section. At an end accessible to the user, the operating element 21.4 is closed by a tapering shank end 21.7.
  • the control element 21.4 are still assigned two front sealing rings 23.1, 23.2.
  • the control element 21.4 and the guide section 21.1 are preferably made in one piece from plastic.
  • the lower housing part 40 of the switch housing is arranged.
  • the housing lower part 40 in the longitudinal direction of the operating element 21.4 has a first feedthrough 11 and on the rear side a second feedthrough 44.1.
  • the first passage 11 is formed on one side by a lower Abdichtringit 41, which is completed to a contact space 12 through a lower inner half-shell conclusion 41.4.
  • the second passage 44. 1 is formed in a sleeve end 44. 2 of an outer sleeve 44 introduced into the housing lower part 40 and the contact space 12.
  • a web 45 with a centering shoulder 45.1 is integrally formed thereon in the longitudinal extent of the outer sleeve 44.
  • the printed circuit board 30 facing two opposite preferably two semicircular PCB holder 47 are provided on the lower housing part 40.
  • Side guide rails 48 are formed in the form of steps in the housing wall of the housing base 40 opposite, wherein only one of the guide rails 48 can be seen in the selected representation.
  • the housing lower part 40 accommodates a lower region of the contact space 12.
  • the printed circuit board 30 is arranged above the housing lower part 40. It has a centering opening 36 in extension to the spigot 45.1. At the opposite edges of the circuit board 30 47 throats 37 are recessed opposite to the circuit board holders.
  • a plug contact 33 is attached to the circuit board 30 and electrically connected thereto. One with the Plug contact 33 corresponding plug 34 is shown above the plug contact 33.
  • the housing upper part 60 has a switch bushing 64. Circumferentially to the switch bushing 64 a sealing ring receptacle 67 is embedded. Circumferentially to this a disc holder 66 is provided. Above the switch bushing 64, an actuating part 54 of the rotary switch 50 is arranged.
  • the operating part 54 is designed disk-shaped. It has on the outside a molded knob 54.1.
  • a sealing ring 55 is associated with the sealing ring receptacle 67.
  • the rotary switch 50 is further a positioning member 52, a locking element 53 with two opposite latching areas 53.3, 53.4 and a contact element 51 associated with, as closer to FIG. 5 is described.
  • the counterbearing 70 is assigned to the lower housing part 40.
  • the counter bearing 70 has a housing sleeve 40 directed to the guide sleeve 73.
  • the outer diameter of the guide sleeve 73 is chosen so that it can be inserted into the outer sleeve 44 of the housing base 40.
  • the guide sleeve 73 is associated with a rear sealing ring 24.
  • a spring 76 is arranged between the lower housing part 40 and the abutment 70.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a perspective side view in a first assembly stage, the sliding element 21 of the in FIG. 1 shown slider 20 with the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2.
  • the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 are inserted into the sliding contact receptacles 21.2, 21.3 of the guide section 21.1. They are designed as bent metal springs which, pointing away from the guide section 21.2, each have two doubly executed, electrically connected contact tongues 22.3.
  • the sealing rings 23.1, 23.2 are pushed onto a front sealing region 21.5 of the operating element 21.4.
  • Opposite to the Sliding contact receptacles 21.2, 21.3 are on both sides of the control element 21.4 guide projections 21.8 formed on the guide portion 21.2.
  • the guide projections 21.8 of which only the front one can be seen, together with the main body of the guide section 21.1 each form an angular guide region 21.9.
  • the operating element 21.4 has a rear sealing area 21.6.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a perspective side view in a second assembly stage, the lower housing part 40 with the built-in, in FIG. 2 shown operating element 21.4.
  • the lower housing part 40 is formed from a housing bottom 40.1, from which a first and opposite a second lower side wall 40.2, 40.3 go out.
  • a lower front wall 40.4 and a lower rear wall 40.5 are connected to the housing bottom 40.1 and the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3.
  • the in FIG. 1 shown housing upper part 60 each facing two tab-shaped locking elements 43 integrally formed.
  • the tab-shaped locking elements 43 have locking receptacles 43.1 in the form of openings.
  • the also in FIG. 1 facing abutment 70 are opposite receptacles 46 in the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3 inserted. Within the receptacles 46 locking lugs 46.1 are arranged.
  • the lower front wall 40.4 is lower than the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3.
  • the lower Abdichtringit 41 is arranged on the lower front wall 40.4. This is formed from a formed on the lower front wall 40.4 lower half shell 41.1, which towards the outside of the switch housing from a lower outer half-shell 41.2 conclusion and the switch housing through the in FIG. 1 shown lower inner half-shell conclusion 41.4 is limited.
  • the inner and outer half-shell 41.4, 41.2 enclose the first passage 11 of the switch housing on one side. Pointing toward the upper housing part 60 is at the lower half-shell 41.1 and the outer half-shell conclusion 41.2 a Positive locking element 41.3 formed.
  • the positive locking element 41.3 is bent over into the lower front wall 40.4.
  • two connecting webs 42 are arranged on the lower front wall 40.4.
  • the sliding element 21 is inserted into the housing lower part 40.
  • the operating element 21.4 is guided out of the contact space 12 through the first feedthrough 11 into the contact space 12 and through the second feedthrough 44.1.
  • the front sealing rings 23.1, 23.2 are inserted into the lower Abdichtringit 41 and axially blocked by the lower inner and the lower outer half-shell conclusion 41.4, 41.2. Between the front sealing rings 23.1, 23.2 and the front sealing portion 21.5 of the operating element 21.4, an axial slide bearing is formed.
  • the operating element 21.4 can thus be inserted sealed along its longitudinal axis in the switch housing and pulled out again.
  • a lower partition wall 49 is arranged between the circuit board holders 47 is spaced from the lower rear wall 40.5.
  • the lower partition wall 49 encloses together with the housing bottom 40.1, the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3 and the lower front wall 40.4 the lower portion of the contact space 12.
  • the partition 49 closes to the upper housing part 60 with the web 45 from.
  • the outer sleeve 44 is guided through the partition wall 49 to the lower rear wall 40.5.
  • the sliding element 21 is guided with its guide portion 21.1 in the lower housing part 40 linearly movable.
  • the guide section 21.1 lies with its in FIG. 2 shown leadership areas 21.9 on the in FIG. 1 shown, molded into the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3 guide rails 48.
  • the sliding element 21 can thus be displaced axially relative to the operating element 21.4, but not rotated about the longitudinal axis of the operating element 21.4.
  • the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 remain in the direction of in FIG. 1 aligned printed circuit board 30.
  • FIG. 4 shows in perspective side view in a third assembly stage, the in FIG. 3 shown housing base 40 with a mounted circuit board 30th
  • the contact surfaces 32.1, 32.2 and the mating contact surface 32.3 are arranged like a segment along a circular path.
  • the first and second contact surfaces 32.1, 32.2 each cover a comparatively small circular section and are oriented in the direction of the lower front wall 40.4.
  • the mating contact surface 32.3 covers a larger circle section and is aligned in the direction of the lower rear wall 40.5.
  • the covered circle portion of the mating contact surface 32.3 is so large that it covers the diametrically opposite the first and the second contact surface 32.1, 32.2 lying circular section closed.
  • the printed circuit board 30 has a Schleifwiderstandseite 35.
  • the resistance paths are arranged in the lower region of the contact space 12.
  • the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 are each with their in FIG. 2 shown contact tongues 22.3 to a resistance path. They thus establish an electrical contact with the resistance paths.
  • two resistance paths are electrically connected.
  • the preferably inner resistance paths are connected to one another at the end.
  • the so connected via the sliding contacts in series resistance paths give a total resistance proportional to the location at which the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 rest on the resistance paths, and thus is proportional to the position of the sliding element 21.
  • the outer resistance paths are electrically connected to contact lugs 33.1 of the plug contact 33, so that the resistance can be measured from the outside and used as a control signal for power electronics (not shown) of an electrical appliance.
  • the arranged on the web 45 of the lower housing part 40 centering projection 45.1 is guided by the centering opening 36 of the printed circuit board 30. Laterally, the circuit board 30 is guided in the region of their throats 37 by the circuit board holder 47. It lies with its Schleifwiderstandsseite 35 on the in FIG. 3 shown web 45 and the lower partition 49. As a result, it is positioned exactly opposite the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2.
  • the grinding resistance side 35 is arranged so close to the sliding element 21, that the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 are pressed with their contact tongues 22.3 under spring tension against the resistance paths. As a result, contact interruptions, for example due to strong vibrations, can be avoided.
  • FIG. 5 is shown in a perspective side view in an exploded view, the upper housing part 60 with the rotary switch 50.
  • the upper housing part 60 has a housing cover 60.1, starting from which two opposite upper side walls 60.2, 60.3 as well as an upper front wall 60.4 connecting the upper side walls 60.2, 60.3 and an upper rear wall 60.5 in the direction of the in FIG. 3 shown housing lower part 40 extend.
  • the housing interior formed in this way is subdivided by an upper partition wall 68 which extends between the two upper side walls 60.2, 60.3.
  • the upper partition wall 69 separates an upper area of the contact space 12.
  • An upper Abdichtringage 61 is integrally formed on the upper front wall 60.4 facing away from the contact space 12.
  • the upper Abdichtringit 61 is formed by an upper half-shell 61.1, which is limited to the contact space 12 through an upper inner half-shell conclusion 61.4 and opposite by an upper outer half-shell conclusion 61.2.
  • the upper half-shell 61.1 is closed by a positive locking counter-element 61.3.
  • the upper portion of the first passage 11 is formed as a breakthrough.
  • two facing away from the switch housing guide rails 62 are integrally formed.
  • annular web 64.1 is arranged around the bottom 64.2.
  • a plug opening 69 is incorporated into the housing cover 60.1. Laterally of the connector opening 69 is a Steckerverrastung 65 is integrally formed on the upper rear wall 60.5 of the switch housing.
  • annular projection 54.2 is formed with a driver 54.3.
  • the annular projection 54.2 and the driver 54.3 are shaped so that they can be pushed through the sealing ring 55 and the switch bushing 64.
  • the positioning element 52 is arranged in the axial extension of the actuating part 54. It has a driver seat 52.3 in the form of an opening into which the driver 54.3 of the operating part 54 can be inserted. This results in an interference fit between the driver 54.3 and the driver 52.3. Side of the cam receiver 52.3 opposite two clip receptacles 52.2 are embedded in the positioning member 52. At the periphery of the positioning element 52, a latching cam 52.1 is arranged.
  • the latching curve 52.1 is formed as a sequence of mountains and valleys in the positioning element 52.
  • the positioning element 52 is preferably made of plastic.
  • the latching cam 52.1 is associated with the latching element 53. It has two legs 53.1, 53.2 connected via a connecting section 53.5.
  • the connecting portion 53.5 is aligned with its outer surface to the second upper side wall 60.3 of the upper housing part 60 out. It can be set during assembly at this.
  • the legs 53.1, 53.2 extend tangentially to the positioning element 52.
  • a latching area 53.3, 53.4 arranged at the ends of the legs 53.1, 53.2.
  • the latching areas 53.3, 53.4 are shaped such that they engage in the latching cam 52.1 of the positioning element 52 when the switch 10 is mounted.
  • the locking element 53 is made of a resilient material, preferably made of metal.
  • the positioning element 52 Facing away from the actuating part 54, the positioning element 52 is assigned the contact element 51.
  • the contact element 51 has a flat holding portion 51.5, on which angled towards the positioning member 52, two brackets 51.6 are formed.
  • the brackets 51.6 are arranged so that they can be inserted into the clip receptacles 52.2 of the positioning element 52 and clamped there.
  • the half region 51.5 is connected via a bending section 51.4 to a bridge 51.3 arranged at a distance from the holding region 51.5.
  • At this two two-fold contacts 51.1, 51.2 are integrally formed.
  • the contact element 51 is made of metal, preferably made of a resilient metal.
  • the locking element 53 is introduced into the contact space 12 and fixed there with its connecting portion 53.5 on the second upper side wall 60.3. This has corresponding, not shown brackets.
  • the sealing ring 55 is pushed onto the annular projection 54.2 of the actuating part 54.
  • the driver 54.3 is inserted through the switch bushing 64 in the switch housing.
  • the sealing ring 55 sat in the in FIG. 1 shown sealing ring receptacle 67 and the actuating member 54 in the disc holder 66.
  • the contact element 51 is fixed with its brackets 51.6 in the clip receptacles 52.2 of the positioning member 52.
  • the positioning element 52 is pushed with its catch receptacle 52.3 on the driver 54.3 of the operating part 54.
  • the latching element 53 engages with its latching areas 53.3, 53.4 in the latching cam 52.1 of the positioning element 52.
  • an interference fit is formed between the driver 54.3 and the cam receiver 52.3. This keeps the rotary switch 50 together in the axial direction.
  • the positioning element 52 and the contact element 51 connected thereto are rotated about the axis of rotation of the actuating element 54 via the driver 54.3. This allows Cooperation of the locking element 53 with the latching cam 52.1 only predetermined switching positions.
  • FIG. 6 shows in perspective side view and partial exploded view in a fourth assembly stage, the in FIG. 3 shown housing base 40 in conjunction with the in FIG. 5 shown housing top 60th
  • the thrust bearing 70 has with its guide sleeve 73 in the direction of the housing base 40 and there to an outer opening of the in FIG. 3 shown outer sleeve 44.
  • the guide sleeve 73 is connected at the end with a transverse to the longitudinal extent of the guide sleeve 73 extending base plate 71.
  • the locking legs 72 have latching recesses 72.1. They are aligned in the direction of the receptacles 46 and the detents 46. 1 on the lower side walls 40. 2, 40. 3 of the housing lower part 30.
  • a centering mandrel 74 is arranged at the housing lower part 40 facing the end of the guide sleeve 73.
  • a seal holder 75 is formed at the housing lower part 40 facing the end of the guide sleeve 73.
  • the seal receptacle 75 forms a stepwise taper of the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 73.
  • the rear seal ring 24 can thus be inserted into the seal receptacle 75 and held axially as well as radially.
  • the spring 76 is arranged in extension of the central longitudinal axis of the centering pin 74 and in extension of the central longitudinal axis of the operating element 21.4.
  • FIG. 5 described assembled housing top 60 with the rotary switch 50 is with the how to FIG. 4 described housing base 40 connected to the sliding element 21 and the circuit board 30.
  • the upper housing part 60 is placed on the lower housing part 40.
  • the tab-shaped locking elements 43 of the lower housing part 40 are inserted into the recesses 63 of the upper housing part 60.
  • the locking cam 63.1 in the Locking mounts 43.1 engaged.
  • the upper housing part 60 is fixedly connected to the lower housing part 40.
  • the upper side walls 60.2, 60.3 stand on the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3, so that the contact space 12 is sealed dust-tight in this area.
  • the front sealing rings 23.1, 23.2 are held circumferentially and axially.
  • the control element 21.4 is sealed so inserted into the contact space 12 of the switch housing.
  • the double design of the front sealing rings 23.1, 23.2 leads to a particularly good seal in this area heavily contaminated during operation of a power tool.
  • the implementation of the rotary switch 50 in the contact space 12 is in the range of in FIG. 5 also shown annular attachment 54.2 sealed by the sealing ring 55.
  • FIG. 5 shown upper partition 68 and in FIG. 3 shown lower partition wall 49 are respectively from one side to the circuit board 30 at.
  • the contact space 12 is also dust-tight with respect to the environment.
  • the requirements for the seal are such that dust or dirt can not penetrate into the contact space 12 without additional external influences. External influences could be, for example, air pressure differences between the contact space 12 and the environment with an air exchange caused thereby.
  • the sliding contacts 22.1, 22.2 of the slider 20, as to FIG. 4 described pressed against the resistance paths on the Schleifwiderstandsseite 35 of the circuit board 30. Furthermore, depending on the rotational position of the actuating element 54, the contacts 51.1, 51.2 of the contact element 51 of the rotary switch 50 to the respective contact surfaces 32.1, 32.2 or pressed against the mating contact surface 32.3 on the switching side 31 of the circuit board 30.
  • the first contact 51.1 is in all three by the latching cam 52.1 and the locking element 53 predetermined rotational positions in conductive connection to the mating contact surface 32.3.
  • the second contact 51.2 is in a first switching position in conductive connection to the first contact surface 32.1, in a second switching position in conductive connection to the second contact surface 32.2 and in a third switching position in no connection to one of the contact surfaces 32.1, 32.2.
  • first switching position for example, a clockwise rotation and by the second switching position a counterclockwise rotation of the electrical appliance can be set.
  • the electrical device is switched off.
  • FIG. 7 shows in perspective side view in a fifth assembly stage the in FIG. 1 shown, fully assembled switch 10.
  • the counter-bearing 70 is connected to the housing lower part 40.
  • the rear sealing ring 24 is initially inserted into the sealing ring receptacle 75.
  • the spring 76 is inserted with one end on the centering mandrel 74 and connected to the opposite end with a spring connection, not shown, on the operating element 21.4.
  • This spring connection can be embodied, for example, in the form of an axial blind bore in the rear sealing region 21.6 of the control element 21.4, into which the end of the spring 76 is inserted.
  • the thus pre-mounted counter bearing 70 is then pushed against the spring force to the housing Unterheil and locked with its locking legs 72 and recesses 72.1 with the locking lugs 46.1 of the housing base 40.
  • abutment 70 abuts with its base plate 71 on the housing lower part 40.
  • the locking legs 72 are inserted into the receptacles 46 in the lower side walls 40.2, 40.3 and the locking lugs 46.1 are engaged in the recesses 72.1.
  • the counter-bearing 70 is firmly connected to the housing lower part 40.
  • the guide sleeve 73 is inserted into the outer sleeve 44 of the housing lower part 40.
  • the operating element 21.4 is provided with its rear sealing area 21.6 through the opening of the rear sealing ring 24 the contact space 12 of the switch housing led out.
  • the protruding portion of the Abdicht Schemes 21.6 protrudes into the interior of the guide sleeve 73.
  • the control element 21.4 encloses with its axial blind bore both the centering pin 74 and the plugged-on and compressed spring 76th
  • the control element 21.4 is sealed out of the contact space 12 led out. This prevents dust or dirt from entering the contact space 12.
  • the spring biases the control element 21.4 and pushes it towards the front shaft end 21.7. A user can adjust the control element 21.4 against the spring force. In this case, a portion of the front sealing portion 21.5 is pushed into the contact space 12. At the same time, an equal section of the rear sealing area 21.6 is pushed out of the contact space 12.
  • the displaced by the control element 21.4 volume within the contact space 12 thus remains constant in all positions of the control element 21.4. Thus, no air is displaced from the switch housing or the contact space 12 or sucked into this during a positioning process.
  • the described sealing of the contact space 12 is designed such that no fluidized dust or dirt can get into the contact space 12 or that dust or dirt are carried over the surface of the control element 21.4 in the contact space 12. It is thus ensured that no or only very little dust or dirt gets into the contact space 12.
  • This can be provided for switch 10, which operate with very low voltages and currents, open electrical switching and sliding contacts, without these, due to contamination, fail prematurely.
  • the switch 10 can be made very inexpensive and yet has a very high life expectancy and reliability.
  • the rotary switch 50 results in an operation, as described, to no change in volume within the contact space 12. Thus, no unwanted air exchange between the contact space 12 and the environment is effected by the rotary switch 50.
  • the second contact 51. 2 of the contact element 51 between the first and the second contact surface 32. 1, 32. 2 is arranged on the printed circuit board 30.
  • the latching areas 53.3, 53.4 engage in the middle valleys of the latching cam 52.1 on the positioning element 52.
  • the connected electrical device is switched off.
  • By turning the operating part 54, for example, a left or a clockwise rotation of the electrical appliance can be adjusted.
  • the selected switching position can be seen at the position of the knob 54.1.
  • the plug 34 is plugged onto the plug contact 33 of the circuit board 30 and held by the Steckerverrastung 65. Not shown, the plug 34 may be connected to a harness and so forward the signals of the switch 10 to a power electronics.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Commutateur (10) pour un appareil électrique, en particulier pour un outil électrique, avec un curseur (20) pour le réglage d'une vitesse de rotation de l'appareil électrique, avec un boîtier de commutateur et avec au moins une carte de circuit imprimé (30) disposée dans le boîtier du commutateur pour recevoir des composants électriques du curseur (20),
    dans lequel
    un élément de commande (21.4) du curseur (20) logé de manière mobile dans toutes les positions de réglage de l'élément de commande (21.4) est introduit d'une manière étanche dans un espace de contact (12) du boîtier de commutateur à travers un premier passage (11), caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commande (21.4) du curseur (20) logé de manière mobile dans toutes les positions de l'élément de commande (21.4) est extrait de l'espace de contact (12) à travers un deuxième passage (44.1).
  2. Commutateur (10) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le volume déplacé de la section de l'élément de commande (21.4) introduite dans l'espace de contact (12) pendant un réglage du curseur (20) et le volume déplacé de la section de l'élément de commande (21.4) extraite de l'espace de contact (12) pendant le réglage sont identiques ou diffèrent l'un de l'autre de 10 % au plus.
  3. Commutateur (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le curseur (20) est conçu sous forme de potentiomètre linéaire, en ce que, au moins un contact coulissant (22.1, 22.2) du potentiomètre linéaire est fixé directement ou indirectement sur l'élément de commande (21.4) et en ce que le contact coulissant coopère avec des pistes résistives appliquées sur la carte de circuit imprimé (30) ou en ce que le curseur (20) est conçu sous forme de capteur de distance capacitif et en ce qu'un coulisseau du capteur de distance capacitif, disposé en fonction de la position de réglage de l'élément de commande (21.4) par section entre au moins deux électrodes, est fixé, directement ou indirectement, sur l'élément de commande (21.4).
  4. Commutateur (10) selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de commande (21.4) présente un logement de ressort dans une zone disposée à l'extérieur de l'espace de contact (12), en ce qu'une butée (70) pour un ressort (76) peut être fixée sur le boîtier du commutateur et en ce que le ressort (76) est mis sous tension entre la butée (70) et le logement de ressort et précharge l'élément de commande (21.4).
  5. Commutateur (10) selon une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un commutateur rotatif (50) est associé au commutateur (10) et en ce qu'un raccordement entre une pièce d'actionnement (54) et au moins un élément de contact (51) du commutateur rotatif (50) est scellée et introduite de manière rotative dans l'espace de contact (12) du boîtier du commutateur.
  6. Commutateur (10) selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de contact (51) se trouve, en fonction de la position de la pièce d'actionnement (54), en connexion électroconductrice avec au moins une surface de contact (32.1, 32.2, 32.3) disposée sur la carte de circuit imprimé (30) ou avec aucune surface de contact (32.1, 32.2, 32.3).
  7. Commutateur (10) selon la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un élément de positionnement (52) est relié directement ou indirectement avec la pièce d'actionnement (54) et peut tourner conjointement avec celle-ci, en ce que l'élément de positionnement (52) présente une came d'encliquetage (52.1) et en ce qu'un élément d'encliquetage (53) fixé à demeure directement ou indirectement sur le boîtier du commutateur est en liaison active avec la came d'encliquetage (52.1).
  8. Commutateur (10) selon une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un raccord électrique de la carte de circuit imprimé (30) est guidé de manière étanche hors du boîtier du commutateur et/ou hors de l'espace de contact (12).
  9. Commutateur (10) selon une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le boîtier du commutateur est conçu au moins à partir d'une pièce inférieure de boîtier (40) et une pièce supérieure de boîtier (50) reliée par le biais de liaisons d'encliquetage avec la pièce inférieure de boîtier (40).
  10. Commutateur (10) selon une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le commutateur (10) est actionné par basse tension, de préférence avec une tension inférieure ou égale à 12 V et en ce que les signaux de sortie du commutateur (10) sont fournis à une électronique de puissance.
EP16750138.6A 2015-08-21 2016-08-02 Commutateur pour un appareil électrique Not-in-force EP3338288B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015113949.9A DE102015113949B4 (de) 2015-08-21 2015-08-21 Schalter für ein Elektrogerät
PCT/EP2016/068371 WO2017032564A1 (fr) 2015-08-21 2016-08-02 Commutateur pour un appareil électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3338288A1 EP3338288A1 (fr) 2018-06-27
EP3338288B1 true EP3338288B1 (fr) 2018-10-24

Family

ID=56618146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16750138.6A Not-in-force EP3338288B1 (fr) 2015-08-21 2016-08-02 Commutateur pour un appareil électrique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10714283B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3338288B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107924777B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015113949B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2706978T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2018002101A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017032564A1 (fr)

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US11817757B2 (en) 2018-05-14 2023-11-14 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with partition assembly between transmission and motor
US11813729B2 (en) 2018-05-14 2023-11-14 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with partition assembly between transmission and motor

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DE102016117786A1 (de) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 Johnson Electric Germany GmbH & Co. KG Elektrischer Schalter
DE102016117783B4 (de) * 2016-09-21 2023-11-16 Johnson Electric Germany GmbH & Co. KG Elektrischer Schalter
DE102016117785A1 (de) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 Johnson Electric Germany GmbH & Co. KG Elektrischer Schalter
CN107591260B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2020-04-14 苏州华之杰电讯股份有限公司 一种无刷信号直流开关
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CN111552346A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-18 宁波中皇机电有限公司 一种可进行360°相对旋转的智能控制手柄

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US11813729B2 (en) 2018-05-14 2023-11-14 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with partition assembly between transmission and motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017032564A1 (fr) 2017-03-02
US10714283B2 (en) 2020-07-14
CN107924777B (zh) 2019-04-30
EP3338288A1 (fr) 2018-06-27
DE102015113949B4 (de) 2021-09-30
MX2018002101A (es) 2018-06-18
US20180240625A1 (en) 2018-08-23
ES2706978T3 (es) 2019-04-02
CN107924777A (zh) 2018-04-17
DE102015113949A1 (de) 2017-02-23

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