EP3336259B1 - Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable - Google Patents

Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3336259B1
EP3336259B1 EP16204798.9A EP16204798A EP3336259B1 EP 3336259 B1 EP3336259 B1 EP 3336259B1 EP 16204798 A EP16204798 A EP 16204798A EP 3336259 B1 EP3336259 B1 EP 3336259B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bars
anchor
tension member
anchor according
rods
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16204798.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3336259A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Halter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stahlton AG
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Stahlton AG
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Priority to EP16204798.9A priority Critical patent/EP3336259B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchor for anchoring in the ground and / or rocks with Wegbaubarem tension member according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Retractable ground anchors and rock anchors with a retractable tension member are used in particular for securing construction pits.
  • the forces held in equilibrium by the anchors mainly due to active earth pressure, can usually be taken over by the construction of the structures, so that the function of the anchors becomes obsolete.
  • the anchors usually extend under neighboring properties, so that they represent an obstacle in the construction site there when left in construction.
  • a tension member made of prestressing steel strands is difficult to cut because of the high strength and toughness of the steel. Therefore, in many cases, the demand for a dismantling of anchors is charged.
  • Anchors are known in which the tension member is anchored over an anchoring length.
  • the tensionable “free length Lfr” of typically 7 and more meters the tension member is guided freely movable in a PE piping, while the “anchoring length Lv" of typically 4 to 8 meters by cementing mortar for anchoring purposes positively connected to the ground becomes.
  • the tension member can be weakened by suitable measures, such as heating by induction, so that it breaks under the pending forces and thus Lfr can be dismantled, for the dismantling, cf. the WO 20111/16483 A2 the same applicant.
  • the anchoring length Lv remains in the ground and can be a major obstacle in future construction work. Therefore, it is desirable that the entire tension member or at least the majority of it can be dismantled.
  • so-called pressure tube anchors are used.
  • the tension member is performed over the entire anchor length freewheeling in a PE piping and anchored in the borehole deepest by means of an end anchoring.
  • the final anchorage is based on a typically 1.5 to 4 meters long so-called pressure tube, which is connected non-positively by casting with cement mortar with the ground.
  • the entire tension member can be dismantled by loosening from the end anchorage. This leaves the PE piping, the final anchoring and the pressure pipe in the ground.
  • the pressure tube is composed of individual, per se completely destructible segments, such as glass, ceramic or high-strength concrete, such as in the EP 1 154 077 B1 "Expandable Anpressanker" is disclosed, there is still, as in principle in all composed of segments pressure pipes, the difficulty to ensure that the segments abut each other without play, so in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no Mixing of reactions of the ground and cancellation of any interplay between the segments takes place.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved anchor for anchoring in the soil and / or rocks.
  • the rods By providing a cage of rods, which extend continuously from the end anchor of the anchor to their respective rod end, a segmentation and thus a possible game are avoided. After placing the anchor and injecting cement mortar, the rods form a reinforcement of a pressure tube, through which the anchor force can be introduced into the ground.
  • the rods are made of a material that is different from structural steel. If a material with a low notched impact strength is selected as the material, the remainder of the armature remaining in the ground after the decompression of the tension member is easier to destroy in the case of future construction work by construction machinery and / or pile driving.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a view of an anchor 3, which is set in a borehole drilled in a ground.
  • the tension member 5 of the armature 3 comprises at least one tension element.
  • a tension element inter alia, a wire strand is suitable, for example, a prestressing steel strand such as a 7-wire Prestressing steel strand.
  • the tension member 5 runs on its stretchable length freewheeling in a casing 6, the z. B. is made of PE, and is anchored in the final anchor 9.
  • this anchorage is configured as slip-free as possible, so that in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no mixing of reactions of the ground and slippage takes place in the final anchorage.
  • the slip that results in the final anchorage during tensioning of the tension member 5 less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.2 mm and more preferably less than 0.1 mm.
  • the tension member 5 can be tensioned and fixed in the anchor head 4.
  • a pressure tube 12 is provided. This consists of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmtechnik 8, which may also be omitted, and the injection mortar 10 together and is based on the final anchorage 9 from.
  • the bars 7 form a cage and extend continuously from the end anchorage 9 to their respective bar end. The bar ends thus define the end of the anchor 9 opposite end of the cage.
  • the rods 7 are held on the end anchorage 9 by these z. B. is provided with holes such as blind holes, in which the ends of the rods 7 engage. Depending on the design, these ends can be glued, screwed or otherwise connected to the end anchor 9.
  • one or more spacers may be provided, via which the rods 7 are held in position on the casing 6.
  • the end anchor 9 is directly upstream of the separation point 11, where the tension member 5 can be separated for a deconstruction.
  • a release device (not shown) is provided, which is integrated in the end anchorage 9 or upstream.
  • the release device has z.
  • a frequency converter for example, a static frequency converter, which is connected via a along the casing 6 (inside and / or outside) extending power supply cable (not shown) to the induction coil connected.
  • This is preferably formed by a winding which is single or multi-layered and consists of a cable.
  • the induction coil is spaced around the tension member 5 so as to prevent the heat generated in the tension member 5 during the heating process from melting the electrical insulation of the induction coil and thus electrical short circuiting.
  • the induction coil can, for. B. be arranged on or in a pipe section through which the tension member 2 extends.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the anchor on the free length Lfr with the guided in the piping 6 tension member 5 in the hole 2 in the ground 1. It is shown here a tension member 5 with four tension elements. As explained above, only one, two or more tension elements can be provided.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the pressure tube 12, which fills the annular gap between the wall of the borehole 2 in the ground 1 and the casing 6 of the tension member 5 and here composed of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmtechnik 8 and the injection mortar 10.
  • the Umschnürungsarm ist if present, is formed of one or more Umschnürungs instituten about the rods 7 z. B. are wound spirally.
  • a Umschnürungselement may be in the form of a wire, tape or the like, and preferably from a Material to be made, which is also suitable for the production of the rods 7. It is conceivable to provide a plurality of strapping elements, each of which surrounds only a portion of the bars 7, so that a segmented strapping reinforcement 8 results. So are in the Fig. 1 To see three portions of the rods 7, which are each wrapped by a Umschnürungselement the Umschnürungsarm réelle 8.
  • Fig. 3 six bars 7 are shown.
  • the number of rods 7 may also be different and be two, three or more.
  • the rods 7 are arranged symmetrically around the center, so that in the circumferential direction, in each case the angle between two adjacent bars 7 is the same.
  • the rods 7 can all be the same length or it is also conceivable to provide at least two rods 7 which are of different lengths.
  • the end of the cage defining the bar ends has a different shape. If the rods 7 are e.g. the same length, they end on a plane that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cage. Its end thus has a straight shape. With different lengths of the rods 7, the end of the cage has a tapered, bevelled or other shape.
  • the length of the rods 7 can be easily graded in accordance with the forces still to be removed.
  • rods 7 whose cross-section varies along the cage, z. B. decreases towards the air side end of the cage.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials of high compressive strength at a relatively low specific weight, so that the weight of the anchor for transport and handling on the site is not undesirably increased.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials with low impact strength. Particularly preferably, this is so low that the rods 7 in the case of future construction work by construction machinery or pile driving over their entire length at any point and thus as completely as possible are easily completely destroyed.
  • the notched impact strength can be z. B. Specified as notched energy consumption (in joules) determined by the impact test according to Charpy according to the standard DIN EN ISO 148-1 for metallic materials or according to the standard EN ISO 179-1 for plastics. For other materials that are different from metal and plastic, z. B. determined by a tensile test, whether the material can be plastically deformed before it breaks. If this is not the case, then there is a brittle material in which no impact strength is given. Such a material is for example ceramic.
  • the material for the rods typically has a notched impact energy consumption which is at most 10 J, preferably at most 5 J, particularly preferably at most 2 J. It is thus lower than z.
  • a notched impact energy consumption which is at most 10 J, preferably at most 5 J, particularly preferably at most 2 J. It is thus lower than z.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials that, with appropriately selected voltage cross-sections, can be wound up on conventional transport drums ( ⁇ approx. 1.2 m) or bodylessly.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials that withstand without further protective measures over a period of at least 5 years emanating from the ground normal corrosive attacks.
  • Rods 7 in the form of plastic rods, in particular carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods (CFRP) bring in addition to the easy destructability also advantages in terms of weight and Aufrollles the anchor for transport with it.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods
  • the pressure tube 12 may be designed to be easily destructible in any future construction work, even though it is a one piece piece and is not segmented, over its entire length at any location and therefore as a whole.
  • a pressure tube 12 which consists of a composite cross-section comprising injection mortar 10, rods 7 and, if necessary, further elements, such as a tie-up reinforcement 8 and / or spacers.
  • the pressure tube 12 is not divided into segments in its longitudinal direction; This ensures that the displacement measurements in the anchor tests and clamping samples are not distorted by canceling clearance between segments.
  • the bars may be connected by crossbars, resulting in a grid. This may be arranged once or several times around the casing 6 running around.
  • rods and cross bars are made of the same material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Ancrage pour pose dans le sol et/ou dans la roche, comprenant un élément de tension (5) démontable qui s'étend avec du jeu libre dans un tubage (6) et est retenu dans un ancrage d'extrémité (9), ainsi qu'un dispositif de libération permettant de libérer l'élément de tension de l'ancrage d'extrémité lors du démontage, caractérisé en ce l'ancrage comprend autour du tubage (6) une cage des barres (7) qui s'étendent de manière continue de l'ancrage d'extrémité (9) jusqu'à leurs extrémités respectives, les extrémités des barres définissant l'extrémité de la cage opposée à l'ancrage d'extrémité (9) et les barres (7) servant d'armature d'un tube de pression (12) pouvant être formé afin de transmettre la force d'ancrage dans le sol de fondation (1) en ce que du mortier de ciment est injectable entre le tubage (6) de l'élément de tension (5) et la paroi du trou de forage après la pose de l'ancrage.
  2. Ancrage selon la revendication 1, où les barres (7) sont constituées d'un matériau ayant une valeur de résilience inférieure à celle de l'acier de construction, l'énergie d'impact, déterminée selon l'essai de résilience Charpy, ne dépassant pas 10 J, ne dépassant particulièrement préférablement pas 5 J, et/ou ne dépassant pas 2 J.
  3. Ancrage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque barre (7) comprend l'un des matériaux suivants et est préférablement constitué d'un seul des matériaux suivants:
    - un matériau différent de l'acier de construction,
    - un matériau non métallique, préférablement un matériau céramique ou synthétique, particulièrement préférablement un matériau synthétique renforcé de fibres de carbone,
    - la fonte, préférablement la fonte grise.
  4. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les barres (7) sont entourées d'une armature de frettage (8).
  5. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque barre (7) présente une, préférablement toutes parmi les caractéristiques suivantes:
    - la barre est formée d'une seule pièce,
    - sa longueur est égale à au moins 0,5 m, préférablement au moins 1 m, particulièrement préférablement au moins 1,5 m,
    - sa section transversale est une section pleine,
    - sa section transversale est ronde, préférablement circulaire.
  6. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les barres (7) sont régulièrement disposées autour de l'élément de tension (5) et/ou qu'au moins deux, préférablement au moins trois et particulièrement préférablement au moins quatre barres (7) sont prévues.
  7. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où toutes les barres (7) ont la même longueur ou au moins deux barres (7) ont des longueurs différentes.
  8. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où la somme des superficies en coupe des barres (7) diminue dans la direction de l'ancrage d'extrémité (9) vers l'extrémité de la cage y opposée.
  9. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'afin de former un treillis, les barres (7) sont reliées par des barres transversales, le treillis s'étendant une ou plusieurs fois autour du tubage (6).
  10. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de libération comprend une bobine d'induction pour le chauffage par induction de l'élément de tension (5).
  11. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de tension (5) comprend un ou plusieurs éléments individuels, préférablement un ou plusieurs torons.
  12. Ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la pose de l'ancrage dans le sol de fondation (1), la cage des barres (7) est encastrée dans un tube qui est préférablement réalisé en mortier de ciment.
  13. Procédé de pose d'un ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où un tube de pression (12) est formé en injectant du mortier de ciment entre le tubage (6) de l'élément de tension (5) et la paroi du trou de forage.
EP16204798.9A 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable Active EP3336259B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204798.9A EP3336259B1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204798.9A EP3336259B1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable

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EP3336259A1 EP3336259A1 (fr) 2018-06-20
EP3336259B1 true EP3336259B1 (fr) 2019-10-16

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110344405A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-10-18 江苏景源万河环境科技有限公司 一种变直径钢筋笼扩大头锚杆桩系统
CN110700246A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 中冶交通建设集团有限公司 灌注桩穿越卵石层的施工方法
EP4424916A1 (fr) * 2023-03-01 2024-09-04 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Ensemble d'ancrage et procédé d'ancrage

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8812655U1 (de) * 1988-10-08 1989-03-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Verankerungsvorrichtung für das stabförmige Zugglied eines Ankers, insbesondere eines Felsankers
JP3759232B2 (ja) * 1996-03-25 2006-03-22 三信建設工業株式会社 除去アンカー装置
EP1154077B1 (fr) * 2000-05-08 2010-08-04 Dywidag-Systems International GmbH Ancrage injecté récupérable
CH701100B1 (de) * 2007-12-19 2010-11-30 Stahlton Ag Befestigungsanker.
EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2017-07-12 Stahlton AG Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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