EP2829661B1 - Ancrage de terre ou de rocher - Google Patents
Ancrage de terre ou de rocher Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2829661B1 EP2829661B1 EP13177343.4A EP13177343A EP2829661B1 EP 2829661 B1 EP2829661 B1 EP 2829661B1 EP 13177343 A EP13177343 A EP 13177343A EP 2829661 B1 EP2829661 B1 EP 2829661B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- rock anchor
- tensile member
- anchor according
- anchorage part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 47
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an earth anchor and rock anchor, comprising a longitudinally stable flexible tension member, an anchoring part in which the tension member is fixed with the one end portion, and an anchor head means in which the tension member is held with the other end portion, which anchoring part thereto is intended to be introduced into an earth or rock hole and anchored there.
- Such earth and rock anchors are used in particular to stabilize slopes and rock walls by the forces to be absorbed by the anchoring part in the surface region of the earth and rock masses to be stabilized are introduced into deeper stable soil layers.
- a tension element which is usually formed of a rod or wire strands, which are anchored in the deeper soil layers.
- these rods or strands are fixed via a mortar mass initiated in the corresponding wellbore.
- the tensioning element can be tensioned via the anchor head device, and the surface soil or masses of rock can be stabilized by means of an anchoring plate on which a longarine is supported.
- Such an earth and rock anchor is for example from the publication CH 701 928 B1 known.
- the tension element can be used in a plastic sheath, the tension elements can also be accommodated in plastic pipes, which are filled with grease, for example.
- control operations are carried out for example in a known manner by resistance measurements, which is also expensive.
- the object of the present invention is now to provide an earth anchor and rock anchor, which is easy to manufacture, and in which in particular the anchoring in the well and also on the anchoring part can be done in an optimal manner.
- the solution of this object is achieved in that the longitudinally stable flexible tension member at least at one end portion which is fixed in the anchoring part, at least one first loop, and that the anchoring part is a substantially prismatic or cylindrical longitudinal body, which is formed by a curable composition of which the at least one first loop of the longitudinally stable flexible tension element is enclosed.
- the anchoring part with at least one first loop of the longitudinally stable flexible tension element fixed therein is prefabricated, so that it is ensured that the fixation of this loop in the anchoring part is optimal.
- This longitudinal body formed of a hardenable mass with the fixed tension element is inserted into the borehole, by initiating a further hardenable mass in the borehole, the longitudinal body is anchored and held in an optimal manner in the borehole bottom.
- the longitudinally stable flexible tension element is formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic, preferably carbon fiber reinforced plastic, whereby corrosion can be excluded.
- a tension element also has the advantage that it is flexible, the flexible tension element can be rolled up, for example, for transporting the earth and rock anchors, which has a space saving the length expansion of such rock anchors result. Due to the possibility of rolling up or bending over the longitudinally stable flexible tension element, the space required in front of the borehole during insertion of the ground anchor and rock anchor is low.
- the longitudinally stable flexible tension element consists of several layers, wherein in one end region, which is fixed in the anchoring part, each layer or a bundle of layers each forms a separate first loop, which separate first loops each have different lengths. This results in a gradual fixation of this tension element in the anchoring part, whereby the anchoring and the power consumption is substantially improved.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the hardenable mass, from which the anchoring part is formed, is a mortar-like mass.
- This mortar-like mass can be poured into a mold in which the one end portion of the flexible tension element is inserted, whereby a firm connection between mortar-like mass after curing and the first loops of the flexible tension element is ensured.
- the surface of the anchoring part is provided with structures which can be provided in the mold in which the anchoring part is made and in which the first loops are molded, whereby between the surface of the anchoring part and the hardenable mass initiated in the borehole an optimal connection is created.
- the structures consist of ribs projecting over the surface of the anchoring part, which are aligned substantially transversely to the direction of pull of the force acting on the tensioning element and on the anchoring part, which results in optimum fixation.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the anchoring part is enclosed at least over portions of its length with clamping rings. By means of these clamping rings it is avoided that the longitudinal body hardened from a mortar-like mass can break out in these areas.
- a clamping ring is arranged in the entry region of the tension element in the anchoring part, since in this area the power consumption is very large.
- these clamping rings are each arranged in the region of the ends of the first loops of the tension element in the anchoring part, since in these areas the risk of breakout is greatest.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the other end region of the tension element is designed as a second loop.
- the tension element can thus be produced as an endless loop, which has a positive effect on their strength.
- a bolt arranged transversely to the direction of pull is provided in the anchor head device, the second loop of the tension element can be laid in a simple manner via this bolt, the holding of the tension element in the anchor head device is optimal.
- the bolt is mounted in a tensioning device which is arranged in the anchor head device, whereby the tension element can be clamped more or less simply by displacing the bolt.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinally stable flexible tension element 1 with the anchoring part 2 of a Erd- and rock anchor 3 can be seen.
- the one end region 4 of this tension element 1 is fixed in the anchoring part 2.
- the anchoring part 2 consists of a hardenable mass, in particular a mortar-like mass, the connection between anchoring part 2 and tension element 1 is achieved in that one end portion 4 of the tension element 1 is inserted into a mold or form, which form or formwork by the hardenable mass is poured out. After hardening of this mass, the mold or shell can be removed to obtain an anchoring part 2, in which the one end portion 4 of the tension element is optimally fixed and held.
- This anchoring part 2 is formed in the present embodiment by a longitudinal body 8, which has a cylindrical shape.
- this longitudinal body 8 a prismatic or another suitable shape.
- the one end portion 4 of the tension element 1 is formed as a first loop 5; as will be described later, the tension member 1 may have a plurality of first loops 5.
- the other end portion 6 of the tension member 1 is formed as a second loop 7, which can be secured in an anchor head device, not shown, as will be described later.
- FIG. 2 the longitudinal stable flexible tension element 1 is shown.
- This tension element 1 is formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic, preferably from a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, but also glass fiber reinforced plastics or other suitable reinforced Kunsscher are conceivable.
- a fiber-reinforced plastic preferably from a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, but also glass fiber reinforced plastics or other suitable reinforced Kunsscher are conceivable.
- several layers of carbon fiber reinforced plastic can be used, each of these layers or a bundle of layers forms an endless loop.
- the innermost layer or bundle of layers forms the first loop 5 '
- the second or middle layer or bundle of layers forms the first loop 5 "
- the outermost layer or bundle of layers forms the first loop 5"'
- this three first loops 5 ', 5 "and 5"' have different lengths.
- all these layers are formed on one another, so that a single second loop 7 is formed.
- the tension element 1 In the middle region of the tension element 1, all layers which form the loops are arranged one above the other, each of these layers forms a band, in the middle region 9, therefore, the tension element 1 consists of several superimposed bands. These bands can be laminated over the entire length, they can also be laminated only in areas alternately. Of course, a different number of layers and loops can be selected, depending on the type of use of earth and rock anchors. The layers can also be arranged one above the other and / or next to each other, so that juxtaposed loops of different lengths are conceivable. Large lengths of loops may additionally be provided with constrictions.
- FIG. 4 shows the first loops 5 ', 5 "and 5"', as they are incorporated in the cured mass forming the longitudinal body 8.
- an optimal fixation in the longitudinal body 8 is obtained, which is formed by the mortar-like mass.
- a known, high-strength mortar-like mass is used. This mortar-like mass can be added to their additional reinforcement in a known manner or fiber material.
- the surface 10 of the longitudinal body 8 forming the anchoring part 2 is provided with structures 11 projecting over the surface 10.
- these structures 11 are formed as ribs 12, which are aligned substantially transversely to the pulling direction of the force acting on the tension element 1, and for example, as a spirally encircling ribs 12 may be formed.
- These structures 11 or ribs 12 are incorporated into the surface of the casting mold, while the longitudinal body 8 is produced by the casting process, they are imaged on the surface 10 of the longitudinal body.
- the longitudinal body 8 is enclosed in each case with a clamping ring 13, as will be described in detail later.
- These clamping rings 13 are used to reinforce the longitudinal body 8 in particular in the inlet region of the tension element 1 in the anchoring part 2 and in the region of the first loops 5 ', 5 "and 5"'. In these areas, the risk of breaking out of the mortar-like mass is thereby minimized when loading the earth and rock anchors.
- FIG. 5 is a cross section through the longitudinal body 8, which forms the anchoring part 2, can be seen.
- longitudinal body 8 In this consisting of the mortar mass longitudinal body 8 is a first loop 5 'or 5 "or 5"' embedded.
- a clamping ring 13 To the longitudinal body 8 is in the region of the loop ends, as previously described, in each case a clamping ring 13 is inserted.
- This Clamping ring 13, which may also consist of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic surrounds the longitudinal body 8 in the region of the first loops 5 ', 5 "and 5"', in these areas the breaking of the mortar-like mass is suppressed, which serves to reinforce the anchoring part 2.
- Out FIG. 5 are also the ribs 12 can be seen, which are above the surface 10 of the longitudinal body 8 above.
- the earth anchor and rock anchor 3 according to the invention can be seen in the condition used in the substrate 14 to be stabilized.
- the one end portion 4 is introduced with the anchoring part 2 of the tension element 1 in a mounted in the ground 14 bore 15.
- insertion aids can be used in a known manner, such as rods for inserting the longitudinal body 8 in the bore 15.
- the other end portion 6 of the earth and rock anchor 3, which is designed as a second loop 7, is fastened in an anchor head device 16 which, as will be seen later, is designed as a tensioning device.
- an earth and rock anchor 3 used can have lengths of up to 70 meters or more. With such lengths, it may be appropriate to subdivide the tension element 1 into several sections and to connect them via coupling means, which simplifies handling.
- the longitudinal body 8 can easily have a length of 6 meters, whereby an optimal anchoring in the bore 15 of the substrate to be stabilized 14 can be achieved.
- FIG. 8 Out FIG. 8 is the anchor head device 16 can be seen, with which the other end portion 6 of the tension element 1 of the earth and rock anchor 3 is held.
- the anchor head device 16 consists of a mounting bracket 17 which is provided with two longitudinal slots 18. Inserted in these longitudinal slots 18 is a bolt 19. About this pin 19 is the second loop. 7 of the tension element 1 placed.
- the bolt 19 can be tensioned together with the second loop 7 of the tension element 1 in the direction of the longitudinal slots 18.
- clamping screws 20 are provided, which are screwed into the bolt 19, and which are supported on the support bracket 17. As a result, the tension element 1 can be clamped in a simple manner to the desired clamping force.
- the support bracket 17 is supported on a correspondingly shaped, inclinations receiving long arms 21, this support plate is placed on another plate 22, which may for example consist of concrete, and over which the substrate is stabilized in the surface region.
- the anchor head device 16 is protected in a known, not shown manner against corrosion.
- FIG. 9 again shows the one end 4 with the longitudinal body 8 of the Erd- and rock anchor 3 and anchored in the ground anchoring part 2.
- the guided through the bore 15 tension element 1 can be kept free, it is also conceivable, the bore with a corresponding hardenable mass up fill.
- Such Erd- and rock anchors can be produced in a simple manner, the introduction of force through the anchoring part in the substrate to be stabilized is optimal, the tension element is not subject to corrosion, thus can be dispensed with appropriate controls.
- Such earth and rock anchors can be used in a simple manner in the ground, they can also be easily transported because the tension element is flexible and can be wound up, whereby a large space savings is achieved.
- the tension element is characterized by a very low weight.
- the tension member can be dimensioned accordingly by the band may be wider and / or thicker, depending on which forces must be absorbed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Claims (13)
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher, comprenant un élément de traction (1) flexible et stable longitudinalement, une partie d'ancrage (2), dans lequel l'élément de traction (1) est fixé par une première extrémité (4), et un dispositif de tête d'ancrage (16), dans lequel l'élément de traction (1) est maintenu par l'autre extrémité (6), la partie d'ancrage étant conçue pour être introduite dans un trou (15) percé dans la terre ou le rocher et être ancrée dans celui-ci, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (1) flexible et stable longitudinalement comprend au moins une première boucle (5', 5", 5"') au moins au niveau de la première extrémité (4) qui est fixée dans la partie d'ancrage (2), et en ce que la partie d'ancrage (2) est un corps longitudinal (8) substantiellement prismatique ou cylindrique, qui est formé d'une masse durcissable dans laquelle ladite au moins première boucle (5', 5", 5"') de la partie d'ancrage (1) flexible et stable longitudinalement est enfermée.
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (1) flexible et stable longitudinalement est constitué d'un matériau plastique renforcé par des fibres.
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (1) flexible et stable longitudinalement consiste en une pluralité de couches; chaque couche, ou ensemble de couches formant respectivement des premières boucles (5', 5", 5"') distinctes au niveau de la première extrémité (4) qui est fixée dans la partie d'ancrage (2), lesquelles premières boucles (5', 5", 5"') présentant chacune des longueurs différentes.
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la masse durcissable dont est formée la partie d'ancrage (2) est une composition de type mortier.
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface (10) de la partie d'ancrage (2) est pourvue de structures (11).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les structures (11) consistent en des nervures (12) faisant saillie au dehors de la surface (10) de la partie d'ancrage (2), lesquelles nervures étant orientées de manière substantiellement transversale par rapport à la direction de traction de la force agissant sur l'élément de traction (1) et sur la partie d'ancrage (2).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la partie d'ancrage (2) est entourée d'anneaux de tension (13) au moins sur des portions de sa longueur.
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un anneau de tension (13) est disposé au niveau de la zone d'entrée de l'élément de traction (1) dans la partie d'ancrage (2).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les anneaux de tension (13) sont chacun agencés au niveau des extrémités des premières boucles (5', 5", 5"') de l'élément de traction (1) dans la partie d'ancrage (2).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'autre extrémité (6) de l'élément de traction (1) est formée par une deuxième boucle (7).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un boulon (19) agencé transversalement par rapport à la direction de traction est prévu dans le dispositif de tête d'ancrage (16).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième boucle (7) est placée au-dessus du boulon (19).
- Ancrage de terre ou de rocher selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le boulon (19) est monté dans un dispositif de tension, qui est disposé dans le dispositif de tête d'ancrage (16).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13177343.4A EP2829661B1 (fr) | 2013-07-22 | 2013-07-22 | Ancrage de terre ou de rocher |
US14/331,756 US9488048B2 (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-07-15 | Ground and rock anchor |
JP2014146840A JP2015021383A (ja) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-07-17 | グラウンドおよびロックアンカー |
CA2857324A CA2857324C (fr) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-07-18 | Ancrage pour sol et roc |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13177343.4A EP2829661B1 (fr) | 2013-07-22 | 2013-07-22 | Ancrage de terre ou de rocher |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2829661A1 EP2829661A1 (fr) | 2015-01-28 |
EP2829661B1 true EP2829661B1 (fr) | 2017-11-22 |
Family
ID=48803450
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13177343.4A Active EP2829661B1 (fr) | 2013-07-22 | 2013-07-22 | Ancrage de terre ou de rocher |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9488048B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2829661B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2015021383A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2857324C (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015220581A1 (de) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Technische Universität Berlin | Zugelement aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff |
CN108687491A (zh) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石化工程建设有限公司 | 工业炉钢结构预制件螺栓连接的对孔方法 |
US10988906B2 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-04-27 | Horst K. Aschenbroich | Controlling backflow from drilling with hollow rebar and grouting |
WO2022198269A1 (fr) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | Cmte Development Limited | Boulon d'ancrage en fibre de carbone |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3472120A (en) * | 1968-06-03 | 1969-10-14 | Raymond H Taylor | Looped cable wedge-type eyebolt |
US3999391A (en) * | 1975-06-12 | 1976-12-28 | Meredith Drilling Co., Inc. | Tie-back anchor components and method for a shoring system |
US5472296A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1995-12-05 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft | Corrosion protected support element for a soil anchor or a rock anchor, a pressure pile or the like |
GB2340144B (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-06-28 | Keller Ltd | Ground anchorage |
EP1589146A1 (fr) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-10-26 | AVT Anker + Vorspanntechnik AG | Tirant d'ancrage comportant un faisceau de fils métalliques |
CH701928B9 (de) * | 2008-06-13 | 2011-05-31 | Stahlton Ag | Drahtschlaufenanker. |
EP2439359A1 (fr) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-04-11 | F.J. Aschwanden AG | Procédé de renforcement de plaques bétonnées dans le domaine d'éléments d'appui |
-
2013
- 2013-07-22 EP EP13177343.4A patent/EP2829661B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-07-15 US US14/331,756 patent/US9488048B2/en active Active
- 2014-07-17 JP JP2014146840A patent/JP2015021383A/ja active Pending
- 2014-07-18 CA CA2857324A patent/CA2857324C/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150023740A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
JP2015021383A (ja) | 2015-02-02 |
CA2857324A1 (fr) | 2015-01-22 |
EP2829661A1 (fr) | 2015-01-28 |
CA2857324C (fr) | 2021-01-26 |
US9488048B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
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