EP1154077B1 - Ancrage injecté récupérable - Google Patents

Ancrage injecté récupérable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1154077B1
EP1154077B1 EP01111051A EP01111051A EP1154077B1 EP 1154077 B1 EP1154077 B1 EP 1154077B1 EP 01111051 A EP01111051 A EP 01111051A EP 01111051 A EP01111051 A EP 01111051A EP 1154077 B1 EP1154077 B1 EP 1154077B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
der
anchor
elements
anchoring base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01111051A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1154077A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Klöckner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH
Original Assignee
Dywidag Systems International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dywidag Systems International GmbH filed Critical Dywidag Systems International GmbH
Priority to EP04020952A priority Critical patent/EP1486617A1/fr
Publication of EP1154077A1 publication Critical patent/EP1154077A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1154077B1 publication Critical patent/EP1154077B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a re-expandable ground anchor according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • Press anchors according to EN 1537 or DIN 4125 usually consist of a tension member, usually made of prestressing steel in the form of rods, wires or strands used for the purpose of back anchoring a component or a Baugruben-enclosing wall in a borehole in the underground and by pressing a hardening medium, usually a cement suspension, is brought into bond to the substrate.
  • the lower part of such an anchor is designed as an adhesive or composite route, while called in the upper part, free steel length or free play range, the tension member for the purpose of bias with hydraulic device remains freely stretchable.
  • the load-bearing behavior of the ground anchors is distinguished from those with a direct bond to the ground and so-called pressure tube anchors.
  • the tension member is in its entire length in a cladding tube without contact to the grout and is enclosed in the composite area of the pressure tube, in which the anchor force is introduced at the lower end via an anchor base construction, and this about the hardened grout into the ground transfers.
  • the longitudinal force in the pressure tube has at the lower end of their maximum value, namely in the contact joint to the anchor foot, and then builds up to the upper (“air side") towards end continuously.
  • the outer surface of the pressure pipe must be profiled sufficiently strong to be able to deliver the anchor force without "internal composite break" to the surrounding grout cement mortar and on to the soil.
  • the pressure tube is composed of individual hollow cylinder elements of limited height:
  • the hollow cylinder elements consist of thick-walled steel tube sections, which are stapled together by welding points; according to the EP 0 545 471 A1 They consist of prefabricated rings made of high-strength concrete.
  • the sections of tubular steel are not a major obstacle when working with traditional civil engineering equipment, as they are easy to separate, but can make the use of today's trench wall cutters in the affected area almost impossible.
  • the concrete rings have despite modern concrete formulations only a limited compressive strength, with the result that the anchor, especially those for higher forces, disproportionately heavy and require oversized Bohrdruckmesser, so that the cost increases sharply.
  • the concept with the concrete rings for practical reasons on anchor with tension members made of steel bars and their limited use loads remains limited, and that during installation practically constant and therefore expensive crane assistance is necessary.
  • JP-A-04143312 is a re-expandable anchor known.
  • This includes a pressure tube, a Stahlzugglied of prestressing steel strands and an anchor base construction at the lower end of the pressure tube, in which the tension member is anchored by means of segment wedges in a Ankerfuß Swiss made of steel.
  • the Anchor foot piece is integrally formed and has in the anchoring area conical holes for receiving the segment wedges. In close contact with the anchoring area, an externally electrically ignitable exothermic heat source is provided, which is intended to heat the anchor base structure to temperatures of 1000 ° C. to 2000 ° C.
  • the concomitant increase in diameter of the conical bores, together with the weakened by the thermal action surface of the tension members to a reduction in the anchoring force.
  • a shear fracture is created on the tension member surface so that the tension members can disengage from the segment wedges and be pulled out of the wellbore.
  • the pressure tube anchor a pressure tube made of highly pressure-resistant, but brittle, easily destructible material in the ground and a Stahlzugglied, which solved after the use of the anchor at the anchor foot and in its entirety Length can be removed again from the underground.
  • the pressure pipe according to the invention is such that, for example, with the commonly used in anchorage drilling ⁇ 133 mm, a temporary grout anchor with about 1,000 kN working load can be installed, and that remain after removal of the tension member only a few steel parts small size in the ground.
  • the pressure tube of the injection anchor consists of a series of lined hollow cylindrical pressure elements, which either have a circular cylindrical shape, or which are preferably assembled from two half-shells or a plurality of segmental, together forming a circular cross-section lamellae of equal length, and of a non-metallic, mineral material made of high strength, such as preferably made of glass, but also ceramic, glass ceramic, etc. or of a high-strength special concrete such as Ductal the company Lafarge, France.
  • the release can be done in two ways. In both methods, the Stahlzugglied in Ankerfußin, also called wedge carrier plate, anchored using the known two- or three-piece so-called segment wedges, sitting in matching conical holes in the disc and under the tensile load of the strands by means of internal teeth in this festbei conference.
  • the first of the two methods is reflected in the claims 1 to 5 again and is characterized by the fact that the wedge carrier plate of the anchor foot is not, as usual, monolithically made of steel. Rather, it consists only in its highly loaded on Ringzug edge region and the bottom - in the manner of a thick-walled sleeve with conical wall - made of high-strength steel, while the inner region in which the conical bore for the wedges are consists of a only moderately tensile and pressure-resistant, but meltable at a relatively low temperature material.
  • the wedge carrier plate metals such as zinc, tin, aluminum, magnesium, etc. or their alloys, or high pressure and creep-resistant plastics can be used.
  • so-called eutectic alloys of the abovementioned metals are also suitable, or those which allow optimization by the chosen mixing ratio between the compressive strength, which is as high as possible, and the melting temperature, which should be as low as possible.
  • heat sources for heating the fusible core portion of the wedge support plate are primarily electrical heating elements in question, preferably rod-shaped in the central axis in the form of heating cartridges (from the mold and tooling known), or for example, surface-mounted above or below the plate or Also as heating coils in the core of the plate can be integrated.
  • alumino-thermal fire rate (thermite) with electric ignition, which can be preferably installed behind the plate.
  • thermoite alumino-thermal fire rate
  • an incendiary charge can be designed and dimensioned in such a way that it is sufficient to produce the wedge-carrier plate monolithically from steel without the easily fusible core region.
  • a pyrotechnic propellant such as calcium or magnesium carbonate
  • a pyrotechnic propellant such as calcium or magnesium carbonate
  • This effect causes the strands of the tension member targeted by the hot reaction gases in which shares of liquid molten iron can be carried, met in the sense of a "flame jet” and selectively weakened or severed, which is why suitable channels provided in the wedge support plate for this purpose are.
  • Fig. 1 shows the view of the injection anchor according to the invention in the borehole, comprising the Stahlzugglied 1, the tension elements 2 in the HDPE sheath 3 and the pressure tube 4, consisting of paired half-shells 5, the anchor force to the grout 7 and further to the Substrate 8.
  • the Ankerfußkonstrutation 9 At the bottom end of the anchor is the Ankerfußkonstrutation 9, which initiates the anchor force from the tension member 1 in the pressure tube 4, and in which the tension elements 2 are fanned out and anchored, see also Fig. 4 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show in longitudinal and cross-section of any portion of the invention, composed of the half-shell pressure elements 5 pressure tube - without the Stahlzugglied 1 and 2 and its sheath 3 -, wherein the half shells not shown with plane-parallel cut off front ends, but with the production-related slope 5a are.
  • the Stirnfuge 10 between the pressure elements 5 is optionally equipped with the intermediate ring 11 or the spacer 12 which in Fig. 2 both are shown half-sided.
  • the pressure elements 5 are provided with the external profiling 6, which preferably consists of a grid of mutually joined hollow pyramids 6a, between which in each case in the direction of force co-supporting ribs 6b remain.
  • Fig. 4 is shown - only in longitudinal section - the connection of Stahlzuggliedes 1 and 2 with the cladding tube 3 to the Ankerfußkonstrutation 9, which manages according to the invention without widening of the cladding tube 3 in the region of the pressure elements 5.
  • the base plate 17 of the anchor foot receives a through center bore 18, which is only slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cladding tube 3.
  • the bore is internally provided with a profiling or a thread 19, in / the the PE material of Pressing and fixing Hüllrohrwandung after this has been heated at the end and fixed there with the help of the pressed-tube spout 20.
  • the connection described is safe against loosening during transport and installation of the anchor as against penetration of cement mortar during the pressing and Nachverpressvorganges.
  • the base plate 17 of the anchor base construction of the anchor according to the invention can optionally be made of a high pressure resistant, but brittle glass fiber laminate, which can be destroyed in the soil, such as the entire pressure tube, by trench wall milling etc.
  • the pressure piece 21 is preferably made of glass - here with plane-parallel sawed ends - and made with the pressure ring 22, preferably made of a glass fiber mat, against the Ankerfußplatte 23.
  • the tension member 1 of the pressure tube injection anchor made of tension wire strands 2 is anchored by means of the segment wedges 24 in the core portion 25 of the Ankerfußplatte 23, which consists of a meltable at low temperature metal alloy.
  • the Ankerfußplatte has the shape of a thick-walled bush made of steel, whose Wall 23a surrounds the core portion 25 in the sense of a pull ring and "catches" the occurring plastic deformation of the soft metal 25 under the high radial reaction forces of the segment wedges 24 and limited to a permissible level.
  • the required heating element for the Ankerfußplatte 23 is shown in the form of the axially arranged electric heating element 26, with the cable 27 in the protective tube 27 a as a power supply.
  • the Ankerfuß Swiss is closed with a cover 28 to the rear and are on the pressure piece 21 and the base plate 17, the anchor tension on the pressure tube 4 and 5, the grout 7 and the substrate 8 on.
  • the cavities 30 of the Ankerfußkonstrutation to be filled with a proven corrosion protection compound to reliably prevent possible corrosive effects of the non-ferrous metals of the core portion 25 in the presence of water on the prestressing steel of the strands 2.
  • the heating cartridge 26 When installing the anchors on the site, it may be appropriate, after tightening and securing the anchor, the heating cartridge 26 to activate briefly to possible gaps, air pockets or voids in the potting compound due to possible movements of the strands and wedges during winding and unwinding as when tightening to eliminate.
  • the optionally made of solid steel Ankerfuß Swiss 31 without fusible core area is equipped with the Thermit fire set 32, this with the electric igniter 33 and the power supply 27 in the protective tube 27 a.
  • the effect of the fire charge 32 may preferably be enhanced by the addition of a pyrotechnic blowing agent in the reaction mixture to produce a highly effective "blow-off effect".
  • channels 34 are provided along the conical holes for the anchoring wedges (in Fig. 8 rotated 90 ° in the image plane and in Fig. 7 dashed lines), which should lead the hot reaction gases of the fire rate 32 to the strands 2 zoom to weaken them for the expansion of the tension member selectively or cut.
  • the function of the channels 34 can be reinforced in the given case by the column 35 between the wedge segments 24 or taken over in their entirety.
  • the anchor base portion of the clamping channel 36 In order to mitigate the damming effect of penetrated into the cladding tube water, it may be appropriate to fill the lower, the anchor base portion of the clamping channel 36 with a little or no heat-resistant foam, on the one hand keeps water away, on the other hand, the hot reaction gases no high resistance offers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Ancre de scellement précontrainte à action temporaire, du type récupérable, comprenant
    - une tubulure de pression (4), apte à être détruite dans le sol,
    - un organe de traction (1) en acier, constitué par des torons de tension (2) en acier,
    - une structure (9) d'assise d'ancrage, située à l'extrémité inférieure de ladite tubulure de pression, ladite structure (9) d'assise d'ancrage présentant une pièce d'embase percée d'alésages tronconiques destinés à recevoir des coins segmentés (24) au moyen desquels ledit organe de traction (1) est assujetti dans ladite pièce d'embase de l'ancre,
    - et une source de chaleur (26) activable de l'extérieur,
    caractérisée par le fait que ladite pièce d'embase de l'ancre revêt la forme d'une douille (23) à paroi épaisse dont la paroi ceinture une région intérieure (25), ladite région (25) étant constituée d'un métal relativement tendre, pouvant entrer en fusion à des températures comprises entre environ 60° C et environ 500° C, ou d'un matériau synthétique adéquat doué d'une haute robustesse et d'une grande stabilité au fluage, lesdits alésages tronconiques, conçus pour recevoir lesdits coins segmentés (24), étant pratiqués dans ladite région ; et par le fait que ladite source de chaleur (26), activable de l'extérieur, se trouve le plus possible en contact direct avec ladite région intérieure (25) et permet de chauffer ladite région intérieure (25) jusqu'à une température excédant son point de fusion.
  2. Ancre de scellement précontrainte selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la douille (23) consiste en de l'acier.
  3. Ancre de scellement précontrainte selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait que la région intérieure (25) apte à la fusion consiste en du zinc, de l'étain, du plomb, du magnésium, du cadmium, etc., ou en des alliages de ces derniers, notamment en du zinc allié à entre 5,6 et 6% d'aluminium et à entre 1,2 et 1,5 % de cuivre ; ou en de l'alliage Wood composé de 50 % de bismuth, de 25 % de plomb, d'étain et de cadmium en des pourcentages respectifs de 12,5 % ; voire en un matériau synthétique à haute résistance à la pression et à grande stabilité au fluage.
  4. Ancre de scellement précontrainte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait qu'une cartouche électrique chauffante (26), disposée axialement et munie d'une amenée de courant (27) logée dans un tube protecteur (27a), est prévue en tant que source de chaleur.
  5. Ancre de scellement précontrainte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée par le fait que, en vue d'éviter des phénomènes corrosifs affectant les torons de tension (2) en acier, résultant de la présence d'eau et de la proximité simultanée, dans l'espace, de zinc métallique ou d'autres métaux non ferreux constituant la région du noyau (25), l'espace interne de la pièce d'embase (23) de ladite ancre est intégralement comblé, par coulée, d'une masse de protection anticorrosion fluide à l'état chaud et d'usage habituel, par exemple, dans les techniques d'ancrage dans le sol.
EP01111051A 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable Expired - Lifetime EP1154077B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04020952A EP1486617A1 (fr) 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10022273 2000-05-08
DE10022273 2000-05-08
DE10032712 2000-07-07
DE10032591 2000-07-07
DE10032712 2000-07-07
DE10032591 2000-07-07
DE10047655 2000-09-26
DE10047655 2000-09-26
DE10106387 2001-02-12
DE10106387 2001-02-12

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04020952A Division EP1486617A1 (fr) 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable
EP04020952.0 Division-Into 2004-09-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1154077A1 EP1154077A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
EP1154077B1 true EP1154077B1 (fr) 2010-08-04

Family

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EP01111051A Expired - Lifetime EP1154077B1 (fr) 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable
EP04020952A Withdrawn EP1486617A1 (fr) 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04020952A Withdrawn EP1486617A1 (fr) 2000-05-08 2001-05-08 Ancrage injecté récupérable

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EP (2) EP1154077B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE476557T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50115578D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3336259A1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2018-06-20 Stahlton AG Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202010004381U1 (de) 2010-03-30 2010-08-12 Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh Druckrohr sowie daraus hergestellter Erdanker
CN103362124A (zh) * 2013-07-17 2013-10-23 重庆岩安科技有限公司 用于土木工程的可回收锚索
CN103898905B (zh) * 2014-04-24 2016-04-27 四川盛唐建设工程有限公司 复合高强度锚索
CN111997048B (zh) * 2020-07-03 2021-09-17 中北大学 一种多功能重复利用的可回收锚杆或锚索
CN112459058A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-09 中建八局第四建设有限公司 一种梯次加压注浆锚杆及其施工方法
CN116220025A (zh) * 2022-04-07 2023-06-06 成都理工大学 一种可回收锚杆系统
CN115419076B (zh) * 2022-05-30 2024-06-25 中冶建工集团有限公司 深基坑高压旋喷可回收锚索支护施工方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2353652C2 (de) 1973-10-26 1983-03-24 Karl Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH & Co KG, 8898 Schrobenhausen Ausbaubarer Verpreßanker mit verlorenem Ankerkörper
CH585820A5 (fr) * 1974-12-24 1977-03-15 Stump Bohr Ag
CH663237A5 (de) * 1984-03-19 1987-11-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Vorrichtung zum trennen des zugglieds eines vorgespannten verpressankers.
JPH04143312A (ja) 1990-10-04 1992-05-18 Nittoc Constr Co Ltd 除去アンカー工法
NL9102004A (nl) 1991-11-29 1993-06-16 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een anker ter verankering van grondkerende wanden, bouwwerken, oeverbeschoeiingen, kademuren en dergelijke.
FR2708948B1 (fr) * 1993-08-09 1995-11-03 Bouygues Sa Procédé pour faciliter l'extraction de l'armature d'un tirant précontraint et tirant correspondant.
JP3759232B2 (ja) * 1996-03-25 2006-03-22 三信建設工業株式会社 除去アンカー装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3336259A1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2018-06-20 Stahlton AG Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50115578D1 (de) 2010-09-16
ATE476557T1 (de) 2010-08-15
EP1486617A1 (fr) 2004-12-15
EP1154077A1 (fr) 2001-11-14

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