EP3318823B1 - Système à cycle de réfrigération - Google Patents

Système à cycle de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3318823B1
EP3318823B1 EP15897141.6A EP15897141A EP3318823B1 EP 3318823 B1 EP3318823 B1 EP 3318823B1 EP 15897141 A EP15897141 A EP 15897141A EP 3318823 B1 EP3318823 B1 EP 3318823B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
refrigeration cycle
leakage
indoor
indoor units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP15897141.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3318823A1 (fr
EP3318823A4 (fr
Inventor
Yusuke Arii
Takashi Ikeda
Tomotaka Ishikawa
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3318823A1 publication Critical patent/EP3318823A1/fr
Publication of EP3318823A4 publication Critical patent/EP3318823A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/745—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity the air flow rate increasing with an increase of air-current or wind pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/79—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling the direction of the supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle system including a plurality of indoor units and a plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices.
  • Patent Literature 1 An air-conditioning apparatus including a refrigerant leakage sensor has been known (see, for example, Patent Literature 1).
  • a compressor and a fan motor are stopped, and a refrigerant circuit is shut off by a solenoid shutoff valve, thereby inhibiting the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • a refrigeration cycle system is known which assures a superior safety by suppressing a localized stagnation of a flammable gas and a concentration increase thereof in case a leakage of a flammable gas or refrigerant is detected (see, for example, Patent Literature 2).
  • a refrigeration cycle system is known which reduces the amount of leakage of refrigerant by shortening a time to recover the refrigerant to a heat source side when the refrigerant leaks (see, for example, Patent Literature 3).
  • the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked may locally increase in the vicinity of the leakage location of the refrigerant.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigeration cycle system that inhibits the concentration of refrigerant that has leaked, from locally increasing, when the refrigerant has leaked.
  • a refrigeration cycle system includes a plurality of indoor units installed in an indoor space and each forming a part of a refrigeration cycle apparatus configured to circulate refrigerant, a plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices installed in the indoor space and each configured to detect leakage of the refrigerant, and a controller configured to acquire detection results of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices and control the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • the controller increases a flow rate of air sent from the indoor unit closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device that detects the leakage of the refrigerant, wherein the controller is configured to direct a flow of air sent from at least one of the plurality of indoor units other than the one of the plurality of indoor units closest to the one of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices that detects the leakage of the refrigerant, toward the one of the plurality of indoor units closest to the one of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices that detects the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a refrigeration cycle system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 shown in Fig. 1 is applied to, for example, a unit cooler that cools an indoor space in a warehouse 50, and includes a plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 and a controller 30 that controls the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 is also applicable to an air-conditioning system that performs air-conditioning of the indoor space of a room.
  • solid lines that connect heat source devices 2 and indoor units 4 schematically illustrate refrigerant pipes, and broken lines that connect the heat source devices 2 and indoor units 4 and broken lines that connect the heat source devices 2 and the controller 30 schematically illustrate communication lines.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 circulate refrigerant, and the heat source devices 2 and the indoor units 4 are connected to each other via the refrigerant pipes.
  • the heat source devices 2 and the indoor units 4 are connected to each other via the communication lines, and controllers (not shown) of the heat source devices 2 and controllers (not shown) of the indoor units 4 control the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 while communicating with each other.
  • the refrigerant used for the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 includes R32 or R1234yf, but may be another type of refrigerant.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 only needs to include one or more refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1.
  • the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 includes a first heat source device 2-1, and a first indoor unit 4-1A and a second indoor unit 4-1B connected in parallel with the first heat source device 2-1.
  • the second refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-2 includes a second heat source device 2-2, and a third indoor unit 4-2A and a fourth indoor unit 4-2B connected in parallel with the second heat source device 2-2.
  • the third refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-3 includes a third heat source device 2-3, and a fifth indoor unit 4-3 connected to the third heat source device 2-3.
  • the fourth refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-4 includes a fourth heat source device 2-4 and a sixth indoor unit 4-4 connected to the fourth heat source device 2-4.
  • Each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 only needs to include one or more indoor units 4, and may include three or more indoor units 4, for example.
  • Each indoor unit 4 according to Embodiment 1 accommodates a refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that detects leakage of the refrigerant. That is, the first indoor unit 4-1A includes a first refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1A, the second indoor unit 4-1B includes a second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B, the third indoor unit 4-2A includes a third refrigerant leakage detection device 8-2A, the fourth indoor unit 4-2B includes a fourth refrigerant leakage detection device 8-2B, the fifth indoor unit 4-3 includes a fifth refrigerant leakage detection device 8-3, and the sixth indoor unit 4-4 includes a sixth refrigerant leakage detection device 8-4.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 may be each provided in the vicinity of a corresponding one of the indoor units 4.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 that are housed in the indoor units 4 or provided in the vicinity of the indoor units 4 are able to detect leakage of the refrigerant early when the refrigerant has leaked in the indoor space in the warehouse 50.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 are configured as devices separate from the indoor units 4 and are connected to the indoor units 4 or the controller 30 via the communication lines.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 are preferably provided close to flare connection portions of the refrigerant pipes at which the refrigerant may leak.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in Fig. 1 .
  • first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 will be described with referenced to Fig. 2 , and the description of the second refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-2, the third refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-3, and the fourth refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-4 is omitted since the second refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-2, the third refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-3, and the fourth refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-4 have the same configuration as the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1.
  • the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 is sometimes described as the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, the first heat source device 2-1 is sometimes described as the heat source device 2, a first compressor 20-1 is sometimes described as a compressor 20, a first heat source side heat exchanger 22-1 is sometimes described as a heat source side heat exchanger 22, the first indoor unit 4-1A and the second indoor unit 4-1B are sometimes described as the indoor unit 4, a first fan 5-1A and a second fan 5-1B are sometimes described as a fan 5, a first wind direction controller 6-1A and a second wind direction controller 6-1B are sometimes described as a wind direction controller 6, the first refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1A and the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B are sometimes described as the refrigerant leakage detection device 8, a first use side heat exchanger 40-1A and a second use side heat exchanger 40-1B are sometimes described as a use side heat exchanger 40, a first expanding device 42-1A and a second expanding device 42-1B are sometimes described as an expanding device 42, and a
  • the heat source device 2 shown in Fig. 2 is installed, for example, outdoor, that is, outside the warehouse 50, and includes the compressor 20 and the heat source side heat exchanger 22.
  • the compressor 20 sucks the refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the refrigerant in a high-temperature and high-pressure state.
  • the compressor 20 is, for example, a capacity-controllable inverter compressor, but may be of a constant speed type.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 22 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air, for example.
  • an air-sending fan (not shown) that sends air to the heat source side heat exchanger 22 is installed in the vicinity of the heat source side heat exchanger 22.
  • the indoor unit 4 is installed in the indoor space in the warehouse 50, and includes the use side heat exchanger 40, the expanding device 42, and the opening-closing device 44.
  • the expanding device 42 expands the refrigerant, and is, for example, a LEV (linear electronic expansion valve) of which an opening degree is adjustable, but may be a capillary tube or other component of which an opening degree is not adjustable.
  • the opening-closing device 44 controls flow of the refrigerant into the use side heat exchanger 40 and is composed of an opening-closing valve, for example.
  • the use side heat exchanger 40 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air.
  • the fan 5 that sends air to the use side heat exchanger 40 is installed in the vicinity of the use side heat exchanger 40.
  • the fan 5 is able to adjust the flow rate of sent air by controlling a rotation speed of the fan 5.
  • the air around the indoor unit 4 in the warehouse 50 is sucked into the indoor unit 4 by the fan 5 operating.
  • the air sucked into the indoor unit 4 is subjected to heat exchange by the use side heat exchanger 40 and is blown out from the indoor unit 4 to the interior of the warehouse 50.
  • the indoor unit 4 includes the wind direction controller 6 that controls the direction of air blown out from the indoor unit 4.
  • the wind direction controller 6 is configured to include a louver formed of a plurality of plate-like members.
  • the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 20 of the heat source device 2 flows through the heat source side heat exchanger 22 and is condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 22.
  • the refrigerant condensed by the heat source side heat exchanger 22 flows out from the heat source device 2 and flows into the indoor unit 4.
  • the refrigerant having flowed out from the heat source device 2 is split into refrigerant flowing to the first indoor unit 4-1A and refrigerant flowing to the second indoor unit 4-1B.
  • the refrigerant having flowed into the first indoor unit 4-1A passes through the first opening-closing device 44-1A and is expanded by the first expanding device 42-1A.
  • the refrigerant expanded by the first expanding device 42-1A flows through the first use side heat exchanger 40-1A and is evaporated in the first use side heat exchanger 40-1A.
  • the refrigerant evaporated by the first use side heat exchanger 40-1A flows out from the first indoor unit 4-1A and joins the refrigerant having flowed out from the second indoor unit 4-1B. Meanwhile, the refrigerant having flowed into the second indoor unit 4-1B passes through the second opening-closing device 44-1B and is expanded by the second expanding device 42-1B.
  • the refrigerant expanded by the second expanding device 42-1B flows through the second use side heat exchanger 40-1B and is evaporated in the second use side heat exchanger 40-1B.
  • the refrigerant evaporated by the second use side heat exchanger 40-1B flows out from the second indoor unit 4-1B and joins the refrigerant having flowed out from the first indoor unit 4-1A.
  • the refrigerant into which the refrigerant having flowed out from the first indoor unit 4-1A and the refrigerant having flowed out from the second indoor unit 4-1B have joined flows into the heat source device 2 and is sucked into the compressor 20 and compressed in the compressor 20 again.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the controller shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the controller 30 controls the entirety of the refrigeration cycle system 100 and is configured to include an analog circuit, a digital circuit, and a CPU, or a combination of two or more of these.
  • the controller 30 is able to acquire detection results from the refrigerant leakage detection device 8, a pressure sensor (not shown), a temperature sensor (not shown), and other component and control each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1.
  • the controller 30 includes a communicator 31, a processor 32, a display unit 33, an input unit 34, a memory 35, and a notifier 36.
  • the communicator 31 serves to communicate with each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1.
  • the controller 30 and each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 are able to perform wired or wireless type communication via the communicator 31.
  • the processor 32 serves to perform preset processing by using information input from the input unit 34, information acquired from the memory 35, or information acquired from each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1, and other information, for example.
  • the display unit 33 serves to display the status of the refrigeration cycle system 100 and other information, and is configured to include a liquid crystal screen, for example.
  • the input unit 34 allows an instruction to be input by, for example, a user or other personnel to the refrigeration cycle system 100, and is configured to include a switch, for example.
  • the user or other personnel is allowed to give instructions regarding a target temperature for the indoor space to the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 by using the input unit 34.
  • the display unit 33 and the input unit 34 may be integrated with each other to form a touch panel or other component.
  • the memory 35 is configured to include a non-volatile memory, for example, and stores a control program for controlling the refrigeration cycle system 100.
  • the memory 35 stores position coordinates regarding the position of each of the plurality of indoor units 4, position coordinates regarding the position of each of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices 8, and other information.
  • an operator that is the user inputs the position coordinates regarding the position of each of the plurality of indoor units 4 and the position coordinates regarding the position of each of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 by using the input unit 34 when the operator has installed the indoor units 4 and the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8.
  • the notifier 36 serves to send a notification, and is configured to include an indicator that sends a notification by light, or a buzzer that sends a notification by sound, or other component, for example. In the case where the controller 30 sends a notification by using the display unit 33, it is possible to omit the notifier 36.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation of the refrigeration cycle system shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 is performing normal operation.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 returns to step S02, and the normal operation is continued.
  • step S04 When leakage of the refrigerant is detected in step S04, the refrigeration cycle system 100 proceeds to step S06, and a notification that the refrigerant is leaking is sent.
  • the notifier 36 shown in Fig. 3 sends a notification by sound or light, and the display unit 33 displays the leakage location of the refrigerant.
  • the controller 30 infers the leakage location of the refrigerant by using the position coordinates of the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant, and causes the display unit 33 to display the inferred leakage location of the refrigerant.
  • each refrigerant leakage detection device 8 since each refrigerant leakage detection device 8 is incorporated into the indoor unit 4, the installation position of the indoor unit 4 that includes the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant is displayed on the display unit 33.
  • the leakage location of the refrigerant is displayed on the display unit 33, the user that has received the notification is allowed to easily identify the location where the refrigerant is leaking, and perform maintenance or other work.
  • the notification of the refrigerant leakage started in step S06 is continued until the notification is cancelled in step S10 described later.
  • refrigerant agitation operation of the refrigeration cycle system 100 is executed in step S08.
  • the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B which is disposed closest to the second indoor unit 4-1B, detects the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • the controller 30 acquires a detection result that the refrigerant is leaking, from the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B, and increases the flow rate of air sent from the second indoor unit 4-1B, which is closest to the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • the second indoor unit 4-1B is able to increase the flow rate of the sent air by increasing the rotation speed of the second fan 5-1B shown in Fig. 2 . Since the air around the second indoor unit 4-1B from which the refrigerant is leaking is agitated by increasing the flow rate of the air sent from the second indoor unit 4-1B, the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked is inhibited from locally increasing.
  • the controller 30 only needs to close the second opening-closing device 44-1B of the second indoor unit 4-1B, which is closest to the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant. Flow of the refrigerant into the second indoor unit 4-1B is stopped by closing the second opening-closing device 44-1B, and thus the leakage of the refrigerant from the second indoor unit 4-1B is inhibited. As a result, the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked is inhibited from locally increasing.
  • the controller 30 is also able to close the opening-closing devices 44 of all the indoor units 4 of the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 in which the second indoor unit 4-1B, which is closest to the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant, is connected.
  • the pressure at the lower pressure side of the first compressor 20-1 of the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 decreases, low-pressure cut of the first compressor 20-1 acts, and the first compressor 20-1 stops.
  • a low-pressure cut value at which the low-pressure cut of the compressor 20 is performed is preferably set to a value that is not lower than the atmospheric pressure and is made close to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the controller 30 only needs to direct a flow of the air sent from at least one indoor unit 4 among the indoor units 4 other than the second indoor unit 4-1B, which is closest to the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant, toward the second indoor unit 4-1B.
  • the indoor units 4, other than the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B from which the refrigerant is leaking sending air toward the second indoor unit 4-1B, the refrigerant that has leaked is further agitated, and thus the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked is further inhibited from locally increasing.
  • the indoor units 4 other than the second indoor unit 4-1B, which send air toward the second indoor unit 4-1B from which the refrigerant is leaking, the indoor units 4 connected to the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 other than the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 in which the second indoor unit 4-1B is connected only need to be selected.
  • the controller 30 only needs to increase the loads on the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 other than the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 in which the second indoor unit 4-1B closest to the second refrigerant leakage detection device 8-1B that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant is connected.
  • the loads on the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 are increased, for example, by increasing the rotation speed of the compressors 20.
  • step S10 When the notification of the refrigerant leakage is cancelled in step S10 shown in Fig. 4 , the refrigeration cycle system 100 returns to step S02, and normal operation of the refrigeration cycle system 100 is restarted.
  • the cancellation of the notification of the refrigerant leakage is executed, for example, by the user who has received the notification from the notifier 36 or the display unit 33, performing an input to the input unit 34 of the controller 30, a reset switch (not shown), or other component. Since refrigerant agitation operation is continuously executed unless the notification of the refrigerant leakage is cancelled as described above, the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked is inhibited from locally increasing. Furthermore, since the notification that the refrigerant has leaked is continuously sent unless the notification of the refrigerant leakage is cancelled, it is possible to assuredly make the user recognize that an abnormality has occurred in the refrigeration cycle system 100.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 includes the plurality of indoor units 4 that are installed in the indoor space and each form a part of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 that circulates the refrigerant, the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 that are installed in the indoor space and detect leakage of the refrigerant, and the controller 30 that acquires the detection results of the plurality of refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 and controls the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1.
  • the controller 30 increases the flow rate of the air sent from the indoor unit 4 that is closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • the controller 30 directs the flow of the air sent from at least one indoor unit 4 among the indoor units 4 other than the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected leakage of the refrigerant, toward the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected leakage of the refrigerant, it is possible to further agitate the refrigerant that has leaked. Consequently, according to Embodiment 1, it is possible to further inhibit the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked, from locally increasing in the indoor space in the warehouse 50.
  • the indoor units 4 that send air toward the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant may send air at an increased flow rate.
  • each of the plurality of indoor units 4 includes the opening-closing device 44 that controls flow of the refrigerant into the indoor unit 4. Since the controller 30 closes the opening-closing device 44 of the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant, a possibility that the refrigerant leaks to the indoor space from the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is reduced. In addition, the controller 30 may close the opening-closing devices 44 of all the indoor units 4 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected leakage of the refrigerant is connected.
  • the low-pressure pressure of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking decreases and the compressor 20 is stopped through low-pressure cut, so that a possibility of leak of the refrigerant is further reduced.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 of Embodiment 1 also includes the plurality of refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is caused to stop circulation of the refrigerant, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is not leaking is caused to circulate the refrigerant and operate, whereby, it is possible to inhibit the temperature of the indoor space in the warehouse 50 from fluctuating.
  • the controller 30 preferably increases the load on at least one refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 among the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 other than the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected leakage of the refrigerant is connected.
  • the controller 30 preferably increases the load on the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is not leaking when circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is stopped, it is possible to further inhibit the temperature of the indoor space in the warehouse 50 from fluctuating.
  • the refrigerant applied to the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 of the refrigeration cycle system 100 of Embodiment 1 includes refrigerant having slight combustibility such as R32 and R1234yf
  • the above effects become particularly significant. That is, the refrigerant having slight combustibility such as R32 and R1234yf may be combusted when the concentration of the refrigerant in the air is between a lower flammable limit LFL and an upper flammable limit UFL.
  • the refrigerant is not combusted when it is possible to keep the concentration of the refrigerant in the indoor space lower than the lower flammable limit LFL.
  • Embodiment 1 when leakage of the refrigerant has been detected, the refrigerant that has leaked is diffused, and thus the concentration of the refrigerant is inhibited from becoming equal to or higher than the lower flammable limit LFL. Consequently, according to Embodiment 1, even if refrigerant having slight combustibility has leaked to the indoor space, a possibility that the refrigerant that has leaked is combusted is reduced.
  • Embodiment 1 is not limited to the above description.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of Modification 1 of the refrigeration cycle system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a refrigeration cycle system 100A of Modification 1 shown in Fig. 5 includes one first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 that includes one first heat source device 2-1, and a first indoor unit 4-1A and a second indoor unit 4-1B that are two indoor units 4 connected in parallel with the first heat source device 2-1.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100A of Modification 1 when the refrigerant has leaked, it is possible to diffuse the refrigerant thereby to inhibit the concentration of the refrigerant that has leaked, from locally increasing in the indoor space in the warehouse 50.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of Modification 2 of the refrigeration cycle system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a refrigeration cycle system 100B of Modification 2 shown in Fig. 6 includes a first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 and a second refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-2 that are two refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1.
  • the first refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-1 includes a first heat source device 2-1 and a first indoor unit 4-1A connected to the first heat source device 2-1
  • the second refrigeration cycle apparatus 1-2 includes a second heat source device 2-2 and a third indoor unit 4-2A connected to the second heat source device 2-2.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is caused to stop circulation of the refrigerant, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is not leaking is caused to circulate the refrigerant and operate, whereby it is possible to inhibit the temperature of the indoor space in the warehouse 50 from fluctuating.
  • each refrigerant leakage detection device 8 is housed in the indoor unit 4 or installed in the vicinity of the indoor unit 4 has been described above, but the refrigeration cycle system 100 may include additional refrigerant leakage detection devices 8.
  • the additional refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 are preferably disposed below the indoor units 4 in the indoor space in the warehouse 50 and on a wall, a pillar, or other structure of the warehouse 50. This is because the refrigerant has a higher density than the air, and thus the refrigerant that has leaked into the air is likely to accumulate at the lower side.
  • the controller 30 is able to inhibit the concentration of the refrigerant from locally increasing in the indoor space, for example, by causing the indoor units 4 to send air toward the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the refrigerant having a high concentration.
  • the additional refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 are preferably disposed at regular intervals in the indoor space as possible, and a possibility that the concentration of the refrigerant locally increases in the indoor space is reduced when the refrigerant leakage detection devices 8 are installed at regular intervals in the indoor space.
  • Embodiment 1 is not limited to the above description.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the directions of the air sent from the plurality of indoor units when the refrigerant leaks in the indoor space in the refrigeration cycle system shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the refrigerant is leaking from the second indoor unit 4-1B, and the indoor units 4 other than the second indoor unit 4-1B are sending air toward the second indoor unit 4-1B.
  • the direction of the air sent from the second indoor unit 4-1B is a direction that does not oppose any of the directions of the air sent from the indoor units 4 other than the second indoor unit 4-1B.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating another example of the directions of the air sent from the plurality of indoor units when the refrigerant leaks in the indoor space in the refrigeration cycle system shown in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating still another example of the directions of the air sent from the plurality of indoor units when the refrigerant leaks in the indoor space in the refrigeration cycle system shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 8 when the refrigerant has leaked in the indoor space, all the indoor units 4 send air to annularly circulate the refrigerant in the indoor space, whereby it is possible to inhibit the concentration of the refrigerant from locally increasing.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating still another example of the directions of the air sent from the plurality of indoor units when the refrigerant leaks in the indoor space in the refrigeration cycle system shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the warehouse 50 includes a ventilator 52 for ventilating the warehouse 50 to the outside
  • the refrigerant that has leaked to the interior of the warehouse 50 is discharged to the outside of the warehouse 50 by the indoor units 4 sending air toward the ventilator 52.
  • the refrigeration cycle system 100 in the case where a fan that is not shown is installed in the indoor space in the warehouse 50, it is also possible to accelerate agitation of the refrigerant by adjusting the directions and the flow rates of air sent from the plurality of indoor units 4 and the fan that is not shown.
  • the fan that is not shown is, for example, a circulator of which the direction and the flow rate of sent air are controlled by the controller 30.
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation of a refrigeration cycle system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a refrigeration cycle apparatus identifying operation shown in Fig. 11 .
  • the same operations as those of Fig. 4 are designated by the same reference signs and the description of the operations is omitted or simplified.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus identifying operation is executed in step S20.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is identified. This is because the refrigerant may be leaking from the refrigerant pipe connecting the heat source device 2 and the indoor unit 4, or the refrigerant may be leaking from a position different from a position inferred on the basis of the position of the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant, depending on the directions of the air sent from the indoor units 4, and other factor.
  • Embodiment 2 as described below, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is identified in step S20, and circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is stopped, whereby the leakage of the refrigerant is inhibited.
  • step S06 After the notification of refrigerant leakage is sent in step S06 in Fig. 11 , the opening-closing devices 44 of all the indoor units 4 are closed in step S22 in Fig. 12 .
  • all the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 perform pump-down stop by low-pressure cut.
  • step S24 fluctuation of the low-pressure pressure of each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 after the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 performs the pump-down stop is monitored. For example, during a preset setting time (for example, about 3 minutes), the controller 30 acquires a detection result of a low-pressure pressure detection sensor (not shown) of each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 and monitors fluctuation of the low-pressure pressure of each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1.
  • step S26 the controller 30 identifies refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking.
  • the controller 30 determines the refrigeration cycle apparatus having greater low-pressure pressure fluctuation than the other refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1, as the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking.
  • the low-pressure pressure detection sensor that is not shown is disposed in the warehouse 50 in which the temperature less fluctuates, the determination as to the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is further ensured.
  • step S28 operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 in which the refrigerant is determined as not being leaking is restarted. That is, the controller 30 opens the opening-closing devices 44 of the indoor units 4 of the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 in which the refrigerant is determined as not being leaking, and restarts operation of the compressors 20. Then, in step S30, the controller 30 causes the display unit 33 to display information regarding the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking. For example, the controller 30 causes the display unit 33 to display the position of the indoor unit 4 closest to the refrigerant leakage detection device 8 that has detected the leakage of the refrigerant and that is included in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking. Then, the controller 30 proceeds to step S08 in Fig. 11 , and refrigerant agitation operation of the refrigeration cycle system 100 is executed.
  • Embodiment 2 identification of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking is ensured as described above, and thus it is possible to inhibit the leakage of the refrigerant. In addition, in Embodiment 2, it is possible to assuredly operate the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 in which the refrigerant is not leaking, and thus a possibility of fluctuation of the temperature of the indoor space is reduced.
  • the low-pressure cut values of the compressors 20 of all the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 may be values that are not less than the atmospheric pressure and are close to the atmospheric pressure. By setting the low-pressure cut values to values that are not less than the atmospheric pressure and are close to the atmospheric pressure, leakage of the refrigerant is inhibited, and a possibility of entry of air into a refrigerant pipe of each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 or other component is reduced.
  • the low-pressure cut values of the compressors 20 of all the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 are preferably equal to each other. By making the low-pressure cut values of the compressors 20 of all the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 1 equal to each other, it is possible to simplify the determination as to the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in which the refrigerant is leaking.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 described above, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention which is defined by the appended claims. That is, the components of Embodiments 1 and 2 described above may be modified as appropriate, and at least a part of the components may be replaced with another component. Furthermore, a component whose location is not specified does not necessarily need to be disposed at the location disclosed in Embodiment 1 or 2, and may be disposed at any location that allows the component to perform its function.
  • each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 may include an oil separator, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid receiver, and other component that are not shown.
  • each refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 includes a flow path switching device such as a four-way valve, it is possible to selectively switch heating or cooling by the use side heat exchangers 40.
  • each refrigeration cycle apparatus may be an integrated unit (for example, a compressor-built-in showcase, an air-conditioning machine, or a dehumidification machine) into which a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, an expanding device, a use side heat exchanger, and an opening-closing device are packaged, and even a refrigeration cycle system including such refrigeration cycle apparatuses is able to achieve the above-described advantageous effects.
  • a compressor-built-in showcase for example, an air-conditioning machine, or a dehumidification machine
  • a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, an expanding device, a use side heat exchanger, and an opening-closing device are packaged, and even a refrigeration cycle system including such refrigeration cycle apparatuses is able to achieve the above-described advantageous effects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) comprenant :
    une pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) installées dans un espace intérieur et faisant chacune partie d'un appareil à cycle de réfrigération (1) configuré de manière à faire circuler un fluide frigorigène ;
    une pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) installés dans l'espace intérieur et qui sont chacun configurés de manière à détecter une fuite du fluide frigorigène ; et
    un contrôleur (30) configuré de manière à acquérir des résultats de détection de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4), et à commander l'appareil à cycle de réfrigération (1), lorsqu'un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) détecte une fuite du fluide frigorigène, le contrôleur (30) étant configuré de manière à augmenter un débit d'air envoyé à partir de l'une de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche du dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène ;
    caractérisé en ce que le contrôleur (30) est configuré de manière à diriger un flux d'air envoyé à partir d'au moins une unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4), autre que ladite une de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche dudit un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène, vers ladite une unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche dudit un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène.
  2. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) inclut un dispositif d'ouverture-fermeture (44, 44-1A, 44-1B) configuré de manière à réguler un flux du fluide frigorigène dans une unité correspondante de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) ; et
    e contrôleur (30) est configuré de manière à fermer le dispositif d'ouverture-fermeture (44, 44-1A, 44-1B) de ladite une unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche dudit un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène.
  3. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) selon la revendication 2, comprenant en outre une pluralité des appareils à cycle de réfrigération (1, 1-1, 1-2).
  4. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le contrôleur (30) est configuré de manière à fermer les dispositifs d'ouverture-fermeture (44, 44-1A, 44-1B) de la totalité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) d'un appareil de la pluralité d'appareils à cycle de réfrigération (1, 1-1, 1-2) dans lequel est connectée ladite une unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche dudit un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène.
  5. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel le contrôleur (30) est configuré de manière à augmenter une charge sur au moins un appareil de la pluralité des appareils à cycle de réfrigération (1, 1-1, 1-2) autre que ledit un appareil de la pluralité des appareils à cycle de réfrigération (1, 1-1, 1-2) dans lequel est connecté ladite une unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) la plus proche dudit un dispositif de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) qui détecte la fuite du fluide frigorigène.
  6. Système à cycle de réfrigération (100, 100A, 100B) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel au moins une partie de la pluralité de dispositifs de détection de fuites de fluide frigorigène (8, 8-1A, 8-1B, 8-2A, 8-2B, 8-3, 8-4) est logée dans chaque unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4) ou est disposée à proximité de chaque unité de la pluralité d'unités intérieures (4, 4-1A, 4-1B, 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3, 4-4).
EP15897141.6A 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 Système à cycle de réfrigération Active EP3318823B1 (fr)

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EP3318823A4 (fr) 2019-03-20
JP6498289B2 (ja) 2019-04-10
JPWO2017002214A1 (ja) 2018-01-11
WO2017002214A1 (fr) 2017-01-05

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