EP3297461B1 - Transporteur à bande d'aspiration et machine de fabrication de boudins de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, utilisation et procédé de mesure des propriétés matérielles d'un boudin de matières de l'industrie de transformation du tabac - Google Patents

Transporteur à bande d'aspiration et machine de fabrication de boudins de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, utilisation et procédé de mesure des propriétés matérielles d'un boudin de matières de l'industrie de transformation du tabac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3297461B1
EP3297461B1 EP16713474.1A EP16713474A EP3297461B1 EP 3297461 B1 EP3297461 B1 EP 3297461B1 EP 16713474 A EP16713474 A EP 16713474A EP 3297461 B1 EP3297461 B1 EP 3297461B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction belt
belt conveyor
measuring device
channel
tobacco
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16713474.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3297461A1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Müller
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Koerber Technologies GmbH
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Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/14—Machines of the continuous-rod type
    • A24C5/18—Forming the rod
    • A24C5/1857—Belt construction or driving means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/14—Machines of the continuous-rod type
    • A24C5/18—Forming the rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/32—Separating, ordering, counting or examining cigarettes; Regulating the feeding of tobacco according to rod or cigarette condition
    • A24C5/34—Examining cigarettes or the rod, e.g. for regulating the feeding of tobacco; Removing defective cigarettes
    • A24C5/3412—Examining cigarettes or the rod, e.g. for regulating the feeding of tobacco; Removing defective cigarettes by means of light, radiation or electrostatic fields
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/39—Tobacco feeding devices
    • A24C5/399—Component parts or details, e.g. feed roller, feed belt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a suction belt conveyor of a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry for conveying material, in particular tobacco, comprising at least one rod guide channel which is open at the bottom and is delimited by two lateral channel cheeks and a suction belt along a conveying path, and a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry, a Use and a method for measuring material properties of a strand of material in the tobacco processing industry.
  • the invention relates generally to the field of rod production of materials in the tobacco processing industry, in particular the production of a tobacco rod.
  • the quality of the rod material is usually monitored with the aid of various measuring devices, with properties such as quantity, density, moisture content, etc. of the material being monitored in particular.
  • Various measuring methods are used for this purpose, for example optical measuring methods, HF measuring methods, microwave measuring methods or measuring methods using ⁇ -emitters.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an alternative possibility for measuring material properties of a material strand in the tobacco processing industry.
  • a suction belt conveyor of a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry for conveying material, in particular tobacco comprising at least one rod guide channel which is open at the bottom and is delimited by two lateral channel cheeks and a suction belt along a conveying path, with at least one position along of the conveying path, at least one electromagnetic measuring device is integrated into the channel cheeks of the suction belt conveyor, which is further developed in that the measuring device is designed as a microwave measuring device with at least one resonator cavity.
  • a microwave measurement of the material is made available for the first time at a very early stage, namely in the suction belt conveyor, when the material is not yet covered by a wrapping material, for example wrapping paper.
  • Suction belt conveyors in rod machines in the tobacco processing industry have a suction belt that is perforated and subjected to negative pressure or suction air from above.
  • individualized tobacco material or other material is turbulent from below in an air stream onto the suction belt so that a layer of the loose material accumulates or builds up on the underside of the suction belt and through the from above applied negative pressure is maintained on the suction belt.
  • This suction belt moves through a guide channel with lateral channel cheeks, so that a fixed cross-section is defined for the material that has been churned up.
  • the tobacco material enters a format device in which it is wrapped with a wrapping material, for example paper or aluminum foil, and formed into a strand with a round or oval cross section.
  • the suction belt conveyor is a comparatively compact and massive unit.
  • An example of a corresponding suction belt conveyor is from DE 10 2011 082 625 A1 known to the applicant.
  • the suction belt is a wearing part that is replaced about every shift. For this reason, the strand guide channel is open at the bottom.
  • DE 36 24 236 A1 discloses a suction belt conveyor of a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry.
  • the advantage of measuring in the strand guide channel of the suction belt conveyor is that material properties can be measured at an early stage without any disruptive influences.
  • Material properties can e.g. B. the measurement of the density or the weight of the tobacco.
  • An early determination of the density offers the advantage that deviations from the specified values can be recognized quickly and immediate control, e.g. B. tobacco promotion can be carried out, whereby tobacco waste can be advantageously reduced.
  • Electromagnetic measuring devices are preferably used, which work in a frequency range between 100 kHz and 15 GHz.
  • the electromagnetic measuring device is designed as a microwave measuring device with at least one resonator cavity, since microwave measuring technology offers a large number of options for determining the properties of materials.
  • the microwave measuring device comprises at least one Conveyor path aligned measurement opening.
  • the microwave measuring device With regard to the integration of the microwave measuring device in the duct cheeks and the fact that the measuring device must be designed in such a way that it is possible to change the suction belt, the microwave measuring device must be designed as a partially open sensor.
  • a measurement opening enclosing it from above, from the sides or in a U-shape can be provided.
  • the microwave measuring device comprises two coaxial resonators lying opposite one another and in particular aligned with one another and let into the two opposite channel cheeks.
  • one coaxial resonator is excited while the opposite coaxial resonator serves as a receiver.
  • the coaxial resonators are preferably ⁇ /4 coaxial resonators short-circuited at the end.
  • the at least one microwave measuring device in the two opposite channel cheeks in particular additionally, each has a resonator cavity with a rectangular cross section, which are arranged in particular aligned with one another on both sides of the strand guide channel.
  • Resonator cavities with a rectangular cross-section enable the microwave field penetrating the tobacco material to be set very precisely by the choice of the dimensions of the walls.
  • a rectangular cross-section resonator cavity would be that the rectangular cross-section is larger or smaller in the direction of the conveyance path than vertically across the conveyance path, with the smaller of the cross-sections having an extent of less than half a wavelength at a microwave measurement frequency. If the rectangular cross-section is larger in the direction of the conveying path than vertically across the conveying path, then a geometry is selected in which the electric field in the tobacco material has a preferential component in the vertical direction (Y-direction). Such a field results in very good penetration of the material strand. In the opposite case, in which the expansion of the resonator cavity is greater transversely to the strand conveying direction, i.e.
  • the Z component of the electric field i.e. the component in the strand conveying direction
  • This field also penetrates the material well, and the measurement window along the strand conveying direction is narrower, so that even smaller structures can be resolved by rapid changes over time. This comes at the price of a slightly higher expansion of the stray field in the direction of the strand.
  • a cover is arranged above the openings of the resonator cavities and the suction belt, which is designed to reflect microwaves, with the distance between the cover and the suction belt being a few millimeters, in particular less than 20 mm, in particular less than 6 mm .
  • This cover has the effect that the microwave measuring field and stray fields are limited vertically upwards, which has a positive effect on the stray fields of the microwave measuring field. For example, if the distance between the cover is reduced from 18 mm to 4 mm, the maximum field strength of the stray field at a distance of one meter can be reduced by a factor of 4 or more.
  • the at least one microwave measuring device in particular additionally, comprises an inverted “U”-shaped slotted rectangular resonator, which encloses the strand guide channel on three sides.
  • This special inverted "U”-shaped design of a rectangular resonator is due to the structural design of the guide channel of the suction belt conveyor having to be open at the bottom in order to allow the suction belt to be changed.
  • the continuous resonator cavity extends from the side in one channel cheek across the guide channel to the other side in the other channel cheek.
  • the resonator cavity opens in two slots to the guide channel, the dimensions of which in the conveying direction are narrower than the dimensions of the resonator cavity itself, so that the resonator cavity narrows towards the center, ie towards the guide channel.
  • a "slotted rectangular resonator” has a very high quality and good penetration of the measuring field into the guide channel. Since it also comes right up to the tobacco material, such a resonator has a particularly high sensitivity to fluctuations in the material properties of the material strand.
  • the resonator cavity narrows in its cross-section relative to the orientation of the strand guide channel from the outside towards an opening towards the channel cheek.
  • microwave measuring devices that can be used according to the invention that have been described so far are preferably operated in transmission.
  • a reflection measurement in which a resonator is embedded in only one channel cheek and the other channel cheek reflects, is also possible and provided within the scope of the invention. This applies both to the case of an open coaxial resonator and to resonators with a rectangular cross section.
  • microwave measuring devices radiate part of their power to the environment.
  • the power of the microwave radiation must not exceed certain limit values.
  • no modes can propagate in the opening of the microwave measuring device through which the strand is guided. This is different with partially open microwave measuring devices such.
  • modes can propagate via the openings, which can lead to emissions that are well above the limit values to be observed.
  • the resonators are excited via two symmetrically arranged couplings and decouplings.
  • different modes can be excited. Desirable is the excitation of a mode whose electric field runs parallel to the strand in the measuring range, since it has been shown that a mode oriented perpendicularly to the strand Field excites propagable modes in the canal cheek. This is the case, for example, with the cylindrical TM010 mode or with the related TE110 mode in the slotted rectangular resonator.
  • the applicant has found that it is the electric field oriented perpendicularly to the strand that generates modes capable of propagation in the channel cheek and is therefore responsible for the radiation.
  • the resonator has three coupling and decoupling antennas, of which two antennas are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the strand guide channel and the third antenna is in a plane of symmetry of the Resonator cavity above the strand guide channel, the two symmetrically arranged antennas being excited in phase and the middle antenna serving as a decoupling antenna, or the middle antenna being excited and the two symmetrically arranged antennas (268, 269) serving as decoupling antennas.
  • the symmetrical arrangement of the antennas together with the in-phase excitation of the symmetrical antennas in both sides of the slotted rectangular resonator and a decoupling in the upper area in the plane of symmetry offers the advantage that no field distributions are excited that have horizontal field components perpendicular to the strand, which Emissions can be significantly reduced.
  • the in-phase excitation is carried out, for example, by dividing the signal with a Wilkinson divider, while the field is to be tapped off at a third port or antenna, arranged in the center of the plane of symmetry.
  • the central gate or the central antenna can also be excited and that Signal can be tapped in phase at the two symmetrical gates (antennas).
  • one or both duct cheeks has or have one or more microwave-absorbing planar bodies embedded in the duct cheek or duct cheeks in a conveying direction of the suction belt downstream and/or upstream of the at least one resonator cavity.
  • This can be foam materials, rubber layers, thin films or the like with appropriate absorption properties, for example based on silicones or polyanilines, as is the case, for example, in L. de Castro Folgueras et al., "Dielectric Properties of Microwave Absorbing Sheets Produced with Silicone and Polyaniline", Materials Research 2010, 13(2), pages 197-201 , is revealed. Other materials with sufficiently high absorption properties are also suitable for this.
  • Power and/or measurement electronics are preferably arranged on the suction belt conveyor and thermally coupled to the suction belt conveyor. This ensures that the microwave measuring device, which has a comparatively low power requirement due to its compactness, is provided with electronics that are kept at a substantially constant temperature by thermal coupling with the suction belt conveyor, which represents a high thermal mass.
  • the electromagnetic measuring device can also be designed as a capacitive measuring device. Due to the rectangular dimensions of the suction belt conveyor, the capacitive measuring device can be viewed as a type of plate capacitor. It is conceivable for dielectric cavities to be provided on both sides of the duct cheeks, to which electrodes in the form of metal surfaces are applied.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry, in particular a tobacco rod machine solved with a suction belt conveyor according to the invention described above.
  • the object on which the above invention is based is also achieved by using a microwave measuring device in a previously described suction belt conveyor according to the invention of a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry for measuring material properties of a tobacco material that has been showered onto a suction belt from below and held on the suction belt with suction air.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method for measuring material properties of a rod of material, in particular a rod of tobacco, in the tobacco processing industry, the material properties of the material properties of the material being showered on a suction belt of a suction belt conveyor according to the invention as described above from below and with the suction belt along a conveying path Material conveyed through a guide channel of the suction belt conveyor can be measured along the conveying path in the guide channel by means of a microwave measuring device of the suction belt conveyor or in the suction belt conveyor.
  • the resonant method is preferably used as the method since, in contrast to the broadband method, the material is characterized over a specific frequency range, the resonant method only measures at the resonant frequency. It is not only faster, but - at least at this frequency - also much more accurate.
  • a reflection or a transmission measurement can be considered as operating modes.
  • the measurement is preferably carried out as a transmission measurement, in which, particularly in the case of a resonant method, measurement is always carried out at the maximum of the signal level, which simplifies the acquisition of measured values.
  • the loss measurement is also more accurate here and less sensitive to the external wiring.
  • In 1 is a known cigarette rod machine according to FIG DE 10 2011 082 625 A1 shown, whose structure and mode of operation is explained below.
  • a pre-distributor 2 is charged in portions with tobacco fibers (not shown in the figures) from a lock 1 .
  • a removal roller 3 in the pre-distributor 2 supplies a reservoir 4 with tobacco fibers from the pre-distributor 2.
  • a steep conveyor 5 removes the tobacco fibers and feeds an accumulation chute 6.
  • a pin roller 7 removes a substantially uniform stream of tobacco fibers from the accumulation chute 6, which is knocked out of the pins of the pin roller 7 by a knock-out roller 8 and thrown onto a spreading cloth 9 rotating at a constant speed. On the scatter cloth 9, a tobacco mat is formed from the tobacco stream.
  • the tobacco web is thrown into a sifting device 11 , which essentially consists of an air curtain through which larger or heavier tobacco parts pass, while all other tobacco particles are lowered by the air into a funnel 14 formed by a pin roller 12 and a wall 13 .
  • the tobacco fibers are conveyed by the pin roller 12 from the hopper 12 to the suction belt conveyor 160, specifically into a strand guide channel 16 and thrown there against a lower run, which forms the bottom of the strand guide channel 16, of an air-permeable, endlessly circulating suction belt 17 which is subjected to negative pressure from its rear side. on which a strand-like tobacco fiber cake is showered from the tobacco fibers, which is thus held on the lower run of the suction belt 17 with the aid of air sucked into a vacuum chamber 18 .
  • the circulating suction belt 17 is conveyed along the strand guide channel 16 in the form of a hanging strand of the tobacco fiber cake which has been showered or accumulated therein.
  • the lower run of the suction belt 17 extends through the strand guide channel 16 from its beginning, where the strand formation zone is located, in the illustrated embodiment to an equalizer or trimmer 19 for removing excess tobacco fibers.
  • the tobacco fiber strand formed in this way is then placed on a cigarette paper strip 21 that is guided in synchronism.
  • the cigarette paper strip 21 is pulled off a bobbin 22, guided through a printing unit 23 and placed on a driven format belt 24.
  • the format belt 24 transports the tobacco rod together with the cigarette paper strip 21 through a format 26 in which the cigarette paper strip 21 is folded around the tobacco rod so that only a narrow edge protrudes, which is glued in a known manner by a gluing apparatus (not shown).
  • the bonded seam formed in this way is then closed and dried by a tandem seam plate 27 .
  • the cigarette rod 28 formed in this way runs through a measuring device 29 and is then cut into double-length cigarettes 32 by a knife apparatus 31 .
  • the double-length cigarettes 32 are transferred from a transfer device 34 having controlled arms to a transfer drum 36 of a filter tipping machine 37, on whose cutting drum 38 they are divided into individual cigarettes with a circular blade.
  • Conveyor belts 39, 41 promote excess tobacco fibers separated by the trimmer 19 into a container 42 arranged under the storage container 4, from which these excess tobacco fibers are removed again by the inclined conveyor 5 as returned tobacco.
  • the well-known strand guide channel 16 is off DE 10 2011 082 625 A1 shown as a detail with further details.
  • the assembly comprising the strand guide channel 16 has a frame 46 through which this assembly in the 1 shown machine is arranged.
  • the strand guide channel 16 is open at the bottom and has two spaced-apart lateral cheeks 16a, 16b.
  • the lower run 17a of the endlessly revolving suction belt 17 ( 1 ) shown schematically in cross section.
  • the cavity 16c and thus also the cross section of the strand guide channel 16 is delimited by the two lateral channel cheeks 16a, 16b and the lower run 17a of the suction belt 17.
  • the distance between the two lateral channel cheeks 16a, 16b of the rod guide channel 16 determines the width of the rod-shaped tobacco cake that has accumulated in the cavity 16c of the rod guide channel 16.
  • At least one of the two lateral cheeks 16a, 16b is transverse to the strand conveying direction according to the Figure 2a shown arrow X adjustable, which is in the 2a) and 2b ) is indicated schematically with the double arrow Y.
  • This adjustability of at least one of the two lateral cheeks 16a, 16b can be the distance from each other and thus the change the clear width of the cavity 16c of the strand guide channel 16, which also causes a corresponding change in the width of the strand-shaped tobacco cake that has been showered up in the cavity 16c of the strand guide channel 16.
  • the change in width also has an effect on the heaping height.
  • the lateral cheeks 16a, 16b are adjusted using a drive device 48, which is controlled by a subsequent controller, in which the distance between the two channel cheeks 16a, 16b or the clear width of the cavity 16c of the strand guide channel 16 forms the manipulated variable.
  • Measuring device 29 is preferably designed beforehand to measure the cross section, the ovality or roundness and/or the density of the cigarette rod 28 and/or the weight of the cigarettes 32 and/or the weight of the cigarette rod 28 per length unit and/or the degree of fiber filling in the cigarette rod 28 and/or in the cigarettes 32 and to emit a corresponding output signal A.
  • This output signal A is sent to a controller 50 .
  • a distance sensor 52 is provided on the rod guide channel 16, which detects the heaping height of the rod-shaped tobacco cake in the rod guide channel 16 and transmits a corresponding output signal B to the controller 50.
  • the distance sensor 52 is arranged upstream of the trimmer 19 .
  • Another distance sensor 56 is provided on the strand guide channel 16, with the help of which the respective actual value for the clear distance between the two lateral cheeks 16a, 16b of the strand guide channel 16 and thus the width of its cavity 16c is recorded and a corresponding signal F to the adjusting device 54 is transmitted.
  • the controller 50 processes a desired value signal C as a further input variable, by means of which a corresponding desired value is specified for the parameter or parameters to be controlled.
  • These three signals A, B and C are processed in the controller 50, which produces an output signal D as a result, corresponding to a subsequent adjustment device 54 head for.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic detail of a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention, a suction belt conveyor with coaxial resonators 206, 207 embedded in the channel cheeks 102, 104.
  • These can, but do not have to, like the channel cheeks 16a, 16b 2 be trained. They are preferably solid outside of microwave measuring devices.
  • a section of a strand guide channel 100 is shown, with the strand conveying direction 108 or the conveying path 108 being marked with arrows.
  • a suction belt 106 Between the channel cheeks 102, 104 extends a suction belt 106, which is moved in the strand conveying direction (arrow) and has been showered on the material, up to a filling level 112, which is also a filling depth since it has been showered from below.
  • a cover 110 is arranged above the suction belt 106, which limits emissions of a microwave measuring field from the coaxial resonators 206, 207 at the top.
  • the rear channel cheek 102 is solid and the front channel cheek 104 is shown semi-transparent.
  • the cover 110 is also actually in one piece and does not consist of two halves, as is shown schematically in FIG Figure 3a ) only for the sake of clarity.
  • the coaxial resonators 206, 207 of the microwave measuring device 200 each have a resonator cavity 202, 203, as in FIG Figure 3b ) is clearly visible.
  • a coaxial antenna 208, 209 is arranged centered in the resonator cavity 202, 203 in each case.
  • the resonator cavities 202 , 203 with openings 204 , 205 open towards the guide channel 100 , so that an electromagnetic microwave field indicated by arrows penetrates into the guide channel 100 .
  • the coaxial resonators 206, 207 are preferably ⁇ /4 coaxial resonators which are short-circuited at the end. the greatest field strength occurs at the interface of the open end of the respective coaxial resonators 206, 207 and weakens towards the center of the guide channel 100.
  • the coaxial resonators 206, 207 have an emission characteristic with maxima that are particularly pronounced in the Z and X directions.
  • an alternative embodiment of the invention is shown schematically.
  • the microwave measuring device 220 in 4a) and 4b in contrast to the microwave measuring device 200 3 a symmetrical structure with two resonator cavities 222, 223, which are rectangular in cross-section and open towards the guide channel 100 with one opening 224, 225 each.
  • the extent of the resonator cavities 222, 223 in the direction of the conveying path 108 is significantly greater than across it, so that an electric field with a predominant Y component (E y ) is formed.
  • the respective antennas 228, 229 penetrate into the resonator cavities 222, 223 from below in the vertical direction to generate the microwave field with dominant Y component.
  • the field strength distribution of the E y field component is in Figure 4b ) shown. There is good penetration of the guide channel 100.
  • the vertical dimension of the resonator cavities 222, 223 is significantly smaller than half a wavelength of the wavelength of the microwave measuring field used of between 4 and 6 GHz, while the dimension in the strand direction is greater than half a wavelength, thus a mode whose field component can propagate in the Y-direction, vertical to the strand direction (Z-direction).
  • FIG 5 shows schematically another embodiment of an inventive Suction belt conveyor with a microwave measuring device 240.
  • FIG 5a can be seen in perspective, there are again two rectangular resonators 246, 247 embedded in the channel cheeks 102, 104 with rectangular resonator cavities 242, 243, which, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, are aligned with one another and the guide channel 100 at the height of the material that has been sprayed onto the suction belt 106.
  • the rectangular resonator cavities 242, 243 now have a small extent of less than half a wavelength of the microwave measuring field in the strand direction and more than half a wavelength transversely thereto in a vertical direction.
  • the antennas 248, 249 with their antenna cables 248a, 249a are arranged symmetrically on both sides and protrude into the resonator cavities 242, 243 in the strand direction, ie in the Z direction.
  • a field with electric field lines in the Z direction (E z ) is excited as the main component. This penetrates into the material in the guide channel 100 at the locations of the openings 244, 245 to the guide channel 100 and weakens towards the center. Overall, the electric field penetrates the material well and the measurement window in the Z-direction is narrower than in the case of the E y resonator 4 .
  • the X-component of the electric field propagates in the canal cheek and leads, as in Figure 5c ) can be seen, based on the radiation characteristics shown there, for a scattered radiation in the Z-direction.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates another embodiment with a microwave measuring device 260 with a slotted rectangular resonator 266, which extends in an inverted "U" shape around the guide channel 100 or the material below the suction belt 106 and is open at the bottom to enable a suction belt change .
  • a microwave measuring device 260 with a slotted rectangular resonator 266, which extends in an inverted "U" shape around the guide channel 100 or the material below the suction belt 106 and is open at the bottom to enable a suction belt change .
  • FIG 6a slit-shaped openings 265 that define a very narrow measurement window in the Z-direction.
  • the resonator cavity 262 of the slotted rectangular resonator 266 is in Figure 6b ) shown schematically in cross section in perspective.
  • the cross section of the resonator cavity 262 narrows in the Z direction by means of a collar towards the center, ie towards the guide channel 100 with the material 272.
  • Figure 6c shows a cross section in the YZ plane through the guide channel 100 and the slotted rectangular resonator 266, in which the design of the collar 272 is clearly visible, as is the arrangement of the antenna 269 protruding into the resonator cavity 266 in the Z direction and outside of which the antenna cable 269.
  • Figure 6d shows the field distribution of the electric field strength in a frontal view with the cross-sectional plane in the center of the slot 265 for the resonator 266 according to FIG 6a) to 6c ).
  • the electric field decreases downwards and towards the center in the structure shown, but has the advantage of being immediately adjacent to the material and there are no design-related gaps, except for microwave-permeable windows that prevent contamination of the resonator cavity 262.
  • the sensor has the greatest sensitivity of all microwave measuring devices presented so far.
  • a symmetrical resonator such as the slotted rectangular resonator 266, two propagation modes are excited: the "common mode” mode, in which the electric field lines (E) in the strand run (mainly) parallel to it and the magnetic field (H ) encloses both antennas, as well as the "push-pull” mode, in which the electric field lines run (mainly) orthogonally to the strand, between the antennas.
  • the actual field distribution is ultimately a superposition of the two modes.
  • Cut Common mode and push-pull mode can be excited from each other if the coupling and decoupling antenna (coupling element) are in common mode ( Fig.7a ) or push-pull ( Figure 7b ) are stimulated. It has been shown that the push-pull mode is the mode that stimulates so-called plate modes in the channel cheeks, which can propagate and radiate here, as in Figure 7b ) shown.
  • the Figure 7c shows an exemplary embodiment according to the invention in which the knowledge about the in-phase excitation for reducing the radiation is advantageously implemented.
  • the two symmetrically arranged antennas 268, 269 are excited in phase (e.g. via a simple signal division using a Wilkinon divider) and effectively represent one electrode (coupling or decoupling).
  • the other electrode is inserted in the plane of symmetry as in Figure 7c ) shown.
  • This arrangement does not excite any field distributions that have horizontal field components perpendicular to the strand, as a result of which radiation of the microwave power into the environment can advantageously be at least partially suppressed.
  • the dimensions of the slotted rectangular resonator 266 range from about 50 to 100 mm in the Z direction, also 50 to 100 mm in the Y direction and about 70 mm in the X direction. Other dimensions are of course also possible and realizable according to the invention.
  • Figure 8a shows a schematic sectional representation of the guide channel 100 with channel cheeks 102, 104, in which oppositely disposed absorbing elements 300, 302 made of a material with a complex dielectric constant, for example a microwave-absorbing rubber material, foam or similar. These extract power from the radiated microwave field, so that the radiation to the outside is reduced.
  • Figure 8b shows the arrangement of such absorbing elements 300, 302, 304, 306 upstream and downstream of the slotted rectangular resonator 266 in the duct walls 102, 104.
  • the corresponding absorbing elements 300 to 306 are, for example, in specially created cavities in the duct walls 102, 104 to be inserted along the direction of propagation.
  • the attenuation achieved increases with the size and layer thickness of the absorbent material.
  • a fundamental mode of the TEM plate mode can be attenuated by more than 10 dB in the direction of propagation.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of a suction belt conveyor with a strand guide channel 100, which is delimited by the channel cheeks 16a, 16b, and a capacitive measuring device 320.
  • the capacitive measuring device comprises two recesses (cavities) 321, 322 which are provided opposite one another in the channel cheeks 16a, 16b and are filled with air or dielectric. An electrode 323, 324 is inserted in each recess. How from the 9 As can be seen, the structure of the capacitive measuring device resembles a plate capacitor.
  • the effective measurement window is determined by the field lines in the 9 ) are represented by arrows. These field lines also determine the actual effective measuring capacity. The remaining field lines can be assigned to stray capacitances. In the context of the invention, features that are marked with “particularly” or “preferably” are to be understood as optional features.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante d'une machine à boudin de l'industrie de transformation du tabac pour le transport de matériau, en particulier de tabac, comprenant au moins un canal (100) de guidage de boudin ouvert vers le bas, qui est délimité par deux joues (102, 104) de canal latérales et une bande aspirante (106) le long d'un trajet de transport (108), au moins un dispositif (200, 220, 240, 260, 320) de mesure électromagnétique étant intégré dans les joues de canal (102, 104) du transporteur à bande aspirante pour déterminer les propriétés du matériau transporté en au moins une position le long du trajet de transport (108), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure est sous la forme d'un dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes avec au moins une cavité de résonateur (202, 203, 222, 223, 242, 243, 262).
  2. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes (200, 220, 240, 260) comprend au moins une ouverture de mesure (204, 205, 224, 225, 244, 245, 264, 265) orientée vers le trajet de transport.
  3. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes (200) comprend deux résonateurs coaxiaux (206, 207) opposés l'un à l'autre et encastrés dans les deux joues de canal (102, 104).
  4. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes (220, 240) comprend une cavité de résonateur (222, 223, 242, 243) de section rectangulaire dans chacune des deux joues de canal opposées, disposées en alignement l'une avec l'autre de part et d'autre du canal (100) de guidage de boudin.
  5. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes (260) comprend, en particulier de façon supplémentaire, un résonateur rectangulaire fendu en forme de "U" inversé (266) qui entoure le canal (100) de guidage de boudin sur trois côtés.
  6. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le résonateur rectangulaire fendu (266) comporte trois antennes de couplage et de découplage (268, 269, 270), dont deux antennes (268, 269) sont disposées symétriquement de part et d'autre du canal (100) de guidage de boudin et la troisième antenne (270) est disposée dans un plan de symétrie de la cavité de résonateur (262) au-dessus du canal (100) de guidage de boudin, les deux antennes (268, 269) disposées symétriquement étant excitées en phase et l'antenne centrale (270) servant d'antenne de découplage, ou l'antenne centrale (270) étant excitée et les deux antennes (268, 269) disposées symétriquement servant d'antennes de découplage.
  7. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une joue de canal (102, 104) ou les deux joues de canal (102, 104) présentent, dans une direction de transport (108) de la bande aspirante (106) en aval et/ou en amont d'au moins une cavité de résonateur (202, 203, 222, 223, 242, 243, 262), un ou plusieurs corps de surface (300, 302, 304, 306) absorbant les micro-ondes encastrés dans la joue de canal ou les joues de canal (102, 104).
  8. Transporteur (160) à bande aspirante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un système électronique de puissance et/ou de mesure est disposé sur le transporteur à bande aspirante.
  9. Machine à boudin de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, en particulier machine à former un boudin de tabac, ayant un transporteur à bande aspirante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8.
  10. Utilisation d'un dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes (200, 220, 240, 260) dans un transporteur à bande aspirante d'une machine à boudin de l'industrie de transformation du tabac selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, pour mesurer les propriétés matérielles d'un matériau de tabac placé par le bas sur une bande aspirante (106) et maintenu sur la bande aspirante (106) par de l'air aspiré.
  11. Procédé de mesure des propriétés matérielles d'un boudin de matériau, en particulier d'un boudin de tabac, de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, dans lequel les propriétés du matériau mis en place par le bas sur une bande aspirante (106) d'un transporteur à bande aspirante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 et transporté au moyen de la bande aspirante (106) le long d'un trajet de transport (108) à travers un canal de guidage (100) du transporteur à bande aspirante sont mesurées le long du trajet de transport (108) dans le canal de guidage (100) au moyen d'un dispositif de mesure électromagnétique (200, 220, 240, 260) du transporteur à bande aspirante sous la forme d'un dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure à micro-ondes est mesuré au moyen d'un procédé résonant, qui est de préférence mis en œuvre en tant que procédé de transmission.
EP16713474.1A 2015-04-09 2016-04-04 Transporteur à bande d'aspiration et machine de fabrication de boudins de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, utilisation et procédé de mesure des propriétés matérielles d'un boudin de matières de l'industrie de transformation du tabac Active EP3297461B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015105353.5A DE102015105353A1 (de) 2015-04-09 2015-04-09 Saugbandförderer und Strangmaschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie, Verwendung und Verfahren zum Messen von Materialeigenschaften eines Materialstrangs der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
PCT/EP2016/057302 WO2016162292A1 (fr) 2015-04-09 2016-04-04 Transporteur à bande d'aspiration et machine de fabrication de boudins de l'industrie de transformation du tabac, utilisation et procédé de mesure des propriétés matérielles d'un boudin de matières de l'industrie de transformation du tabac

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DE102018105111A1 (de) 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Saugbandförderer und Strangmaschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie sowie Verwendung einer Messeinrichtung in einem Saugbandförderer einer Strangmaschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
IT201800003717A1 (it) * 2018-03-19 2019-09-19 Gd Spa Stazione di trasporto e ispezione di un semilavorato dell’industria del tabacco
DE102018116533A1 (de) * 2018-07-09 2020-01-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Messvorrichtung für einen Saugbandförderer und Saugbandförderer mit einer Messvorrichtung
WO2020058897A1 (fr) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 G.D S.P.A. Appareil pour le transport et l'inspection d'un produit semi-fini de l'industrie du tabac
CN112740022B (zh) * 2018-09-21 2024-05-24 吉地股份公司 用于检测烟草工业的产品的性质的电磁检测器
CH715607A1 (de) * 2018-12-03 2020-06-15 Koch Roger Zigarettenmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zigaretten.
DE202019103894U1 (de) 2019-07-15 2019-09-23 Tews Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg Zigarettenmaschine mit einem Saugbandförderer
RU2736959C2 (ru) * 2019-12-25 2020-11-23 Хауни Машиненбау Гмбх Измерительное устройство для вакуумного ленточного транспортера и вакуумный ленточный транспортер с измерительным устройством
CN112089084B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2024-08-09 太原科技大学 烟叶松散振动单元及烟叶出料装置和生产线
CN115626419B (zh) * 2022-11-01 2024-02-20 邳州市新世界木业有限公司 一种木工机械输送带

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EP3297461A1 (fr) 2018-03-28
JP2018511330A (ja) 2018-04-26
WO2016162292A1 (fr) 2016-10-13
KR20170134696A (ko) 2017-12-06
KR102624354B1 (ko) 2024-01-11
JP7115854B2 (ja) 2022-08-09
DE102015105353A1 (de) 2016-10-13
US11178901B2 (en) 2021-11-23
CN107529813B (zh) 2021-10-01
US20180027868A1 (en) 2018-02-01
CN107529813A (zh) 2018-01-02

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