EP3274252A1

EP3274252A1 - Hull buoyancy device and salvaging apparatus

Info

Publication number: EP3274252A1
Application number: EP16711311.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Udo Fuhrmann
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-03-23
Filing date: 2016-03-23
Publication date: 2018-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-23
Also published as: WO2016151030A1; ES2837223T3; DE102016105483A1; EP3274252B1; HRP20210043T1

Abstract

A hull buoyancy device is disclosed. Said device has preferably two floaters that can be filled with a pressurized medium. According to the first aspect of the invention, a mechanism for connecting the floaters to a pressurized medium sink and a pressurized medium source is provided, and according to a second aspect of the invention, the floater rests in a frictionally engaged or interlocking manner on the side of the ship/floating vessel.

Description

Hull buoyancy and recovery equipment

description

The invention relates to a Rumpfauft ebseinrichtung according to the preamble of claim 1 and a recovery device having two such hull buoyancy devices.

In the following statements, the term "hull" is used to refer to any

Float understood. It can, for example, be the hull of a ship (motor, muscle power or wind power operated), a board or any other in the

Water moving or lowerable to the ground in the water element act.

Furthermore, the term pressure means is to be understood that it has a lower density than water and thus serves as a buoyancy agent.

Such a hull buoyancy device is disclosed for example in DE 199 21 670 A1. This known hull buoyancy device has at least two buoyancy bodies (floaters), which are connected via a frictional connection with each other. The floaters are designed to be inflatable and can be positioned in the deflated state on both sides of the keel line of a ship's hull, wherein the non-positive connection means extends across this keel line, so that the two buoyancy bodies are arranged on both sides of the keel line. After positioning the buoyancy bodies are supplied with compressed air, so that the increase in volume of the buoyancy body creates a buoyancy that is sufficient to raise the ship and make it maneuverable again.

A disadvantage of this solution is that the removal of the hull buoyancy device after lifting is very difficult because the buoyancy bodies are pressed with great force against the side wall.

It is therefore relatively difficult to maneuver the ship with lying on the ship's buoyancy body from the accident area. DE 32 27 348 A1 discloses a fuselage buoyancy device with elongated floaters which extend substantially along the entire length of the underwater hull. These floaters are also frictionally attached - with ropes - to the hull.

In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide a fuselage buoyancy device and a recovery device, the handling is simplified.

The hull buoyancy device according to a variant has at least two floaters, which are connected by a connecting means with each other and are designed such that they can be attached to increase buoyancy of an underwater vessel in a buoyancy position. The floaters can be filled via a pressure medium source with pressure medium, preferably air. According to the invention, furthermore, according to a first aspect, a device for connecting the floaters to a pressure medium sink is provided, via which the pressure medium pressure in the lift position can be reduced. Applicants reserve the right to make a separate patent application or independent claim for this first aspect and for the following sub-aspects related thereto.

In this way it is possible, to change the operative position of the floaters, some pressure means, e.g. Air, drain, so that they are easier to move along the underwater ship. To remove the hull buoyancy device, for example, after salvaging, the pressure medium can be completely sucked off or drained via the pressure medium sinks, so that the removal is significantly simplified. For sucking the floaters can be applied with vacuum.

The recovery device according to the invention has at least two such hull buoyancy devices, which are connected to one another via a suitable longitudinal connection, so that they are e.g. can be attached in the bow and in the rear, so that the hull can be raised along the entire length.

In one embodiment of the invention, the pressure medium source and the pressure medium sink are formed by a pump with reversible conveying direction. The A- Direction can also be a valve through which the floaters are connected to the pressure medium sink for filling and with the environment for discharging. The emptying is supported by the water pressure.

In order to improve the position positioning of the hull buoyancy device, each floater can be assigned a fastening means for fixing the respective floater in the respective buoyancy position on a region of the hull lying above the waterline.

To adapt the floater position, the connecting means is preferably made adjustable in length.

The bringing of the hull buoyancy device into the lifting position is simplified when the connection means is designed as or with a lowering weight which is at least so heavy that the buoyancy force of the floaters in the unfilled state has been overcome.

In one embodiment, the floaters are designed such that they laterally support the hull during dry falling, for example in a tidal water - the floater concerned then acts as a watt support. It is particularly advantageous if the geometry of the floater is optimized with regard to the lateral support of the fuselage.

To seal a leak, the hull buoyancy device can be designed as or with a leaflet which can be brought into abutment with the hull by means of the floater.

The stowage of the hull buoyancy device is particularly simple when the floaters are rolled up or foldable in the deflated state.

It is particularly preferred if the entire unit is arranged in a pocket. Alternatively, the hull buoyancy device can also be integrated into the hull of a watercraft.

In one embodiment of the invention, the floaters are annular.

Another disadvantage of the prior art hull buoyancy devices is that they must be secured to the hull with non-positive connections under the keel or with ropes in order to be able to transmit their lifting force to the hull. Therefore, the above-mentioned object of simplified handling is also achieved by a hull buoyancy device having the features of claim 1.

Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The claimed hull buoyancy device has at least one floater, which can be brought into a buoyancy position to increase buoyancy on a side wall of an underwater ship, and which can be filled with pressure medium via a pressure medium source. According to a second aspect of the invention, a flexible system of the floater is designed such that it rests frictionally and / or positively on the side wall, so that a buoyancy force of the Floaters sealing, frictionally and / or positively transferable to the side wall. Preferably, the floater is also at low speeds sealing, frictionally engaged and / or positively held on the ship's side wall.

The floater or its support can thus be designed so that it remains at the predetermined position without additional holding means.

For the connection variant "frictional engagement", it is provided that a stiction can be produced or built up and held by the flexible system of the floater In principle, this system of the floater is preferably designed such that it also works without the connection means mentioned above can be held in its investment position on the hull.

If the side wall in the area of the lift position is approximately horizontal or has an angle of less than approximately 65 degrees with respect to the horizontal, this is usually without larger device-technical effort possible. With increasing steepness of the side wall (eg 65 to 75 degrees from the horizontal) increasing demands are placed on this stiction between the flexible system and the side wall, so that the flexible system must be (increasingly) rough or sticky.

For the second connection variant "front connection", it is advantageous if the side wall is uneven, for example due to a shape of the underwater vessel for guiding the flow of the water, in particular with longitudinal grooves or longitudinal webs.For this, the flexible system is designed such that it adapts to the given unevenness In this case, a certain elastic deformability of the flexible system can be helpful, so that it can already extend with its pressed-in and fixed outer edge with its inner areas in a recess (eg longitudinal groove) of the side wall into The second connection variant can also as a mixture of end closure and adhesion are preferred.

The positive connection can be improved if the flexible system is approximately in the transverse direction, ie. in the buoyancy position has parallel to the longitudinal grooves or longitudinal webs extending structures.

In a further development, the flexible system is developed into a leaflet, which rests sealingly against the fuselage. Thus, the floater can also be used to seal a leak, the floater covering the leak sealing. Applicants reserve the right to make their own independent claims on the leak.

If the flexible system has a concave shape, it can optimally adapt to most side walls and produce the friction fit and / or positive connection according to the invention. Furthermore, the penetration of water between the flexible system of the filled floater and the side wall can be made more difficult. As a result, the maintenance of the frictional connection and / or positive connection according to the invention is facilitated. Furthermore, by the concave shape and the tightness of the leaflet can be improved.

In a particularly preferred development, a pressure chamber receptacle is formed on the flexible system or in one piece with the flexible system, in which a pressure chamber is inserted. In particular, in the connection variant "positive locking", it is advantageous if the pressure chamber is designed to be flexible, so that it can be adapted to the given shape of the side wall, in particular on longitudinal grooves or longitudinal webs.

The pressure chamber receptacle can completely surround the pressure chamber, so that the latter is particularly well protected, and the requirements for their wear resistance can be reduced. Alternatively, the pressure chamber receptacle may consist of (e.g., evenly circumferentially distributed) mounting portions between which drainage apertures remain.

The pressure chamber may be approximately circular and an outer edge of the pressure chamber receptacle may be approximately circular. In addition, the pressure chamber receptacle may have a circumferential inner wall. As a pressure chamber is also a truck or tractor tire tube, which is also offered inexpensively on the market. With a concentric configuration, a self-centering of the pressure chamber in the pressure chamber receptacle is made possible.

If the flexible system is also circular, it is preferred, although the pressure chamber is concentric to the flexible system and thereby smaller than the flexible system. This eliminates a disadvantage of the elongated floaters of DE 32 27 348 A1, which could cover the intake opening for engine cooling water, since they extend over the entire length of the underwater vessel.

The pressure medium source may be a pump which is operated manually or electrically, for example with a battery. The pressure medium source may also have a pressure accumulator, in particular a compressed air cylinder. According to the first aspect, the second aspect of the invention, "frictional engagement and / or positive engagement." More specifically, means may be provided for connecting the pressure chamber of the floater to a pressure sink to reduce fluid pressure or to partially deflate the pressure chamber in the lift position.

This device can be a valve, e.g. a pilot operated check valve, and the pressure sink can be the environment.

The pressure medium sink and the pressure medium source can also be formed together by the pump with reversible conveyor.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the floater or recovery device is packaged "under vacuum", that is, by applying a vacuum via the abovementioned pressure medium sinks or also via measures provided in the factory, air or other gas present in the floaters and in the other pressure medium flow paths The weight of the floater / recovery equipment is designed to be greater than the buoyancy of the entire assembly so that the floater / recovery equipment is self-weighting In addition, by applying the vacuum, the packing volume of the entire assembly is minimized, so that very little storage space is required Ge weight or the like can be adjusted.

Of course, this interpretation (weight of the floater / recovery device greater than the buoyancy of the arrangement) can also be used in the said leaflet.

For handling, the floater can have a slippery traction means fastened to an upper side of the hull. This can be over the entire inside of the extend flexible plant and also have a downwardly projecting portion.

If the pliable traction means is a belt, twisting can be prevented. If the belt is bicolor e.g. two-layered, twisting can be more easily detected and prevented.

Preferably, the pliable pulling means can also be used as a fastening means for fixing the floater in the lifting position at a region of the fuselage located above a waterline.

If a pressure line is guided along the pliable traction means or in the pliable traction means, this can serve as a strain relief for the pressure line. Preferably, the pressure line is arranged on the outside of the traction means, that is, on a side remote from the fuselage side of the traction means.

If the pressure line is included in the trained as a two-layer belt or as a fabric hose (fire hose) traction means, it is particularly well protected.

Preferably, a depth display, e.g. in the form of changing colors or numbers attached to the pliable traction device or attached to a Maßtau. over which a depth of the floater can be displayed.

If a lowering weight (lead line) is provided whose weight is greater than the buoyancy of the floater in the unfilled state, the unfilled floater can be purposefully discharged at the desired location on the hull to the lift position. Preferably, the Absenkgewicht is attached to the downwardly projecting portion. The Absenkgewicht may be formed as a ring. This variant can be advantageous if the dead weight of the floater / recovery device is not greater than the buoyancy force acting on lowering. In a versatile applicable development of the hull buoyancy device according to the invention, the floater is designed as a watt support, so that it can support the hull laterally in a dry traps. Then there is some wear resistance on the outside of the floater and high tear strength due to the uneven loading.

For a space-saving stowage and / or for repeated use, the floater in the deflated state is preferably rollable or foldable. Then the flexible plant can serve as the outside of the rolled-up or folded floater.

If for vacuum generation the pump has a reversible conveyor, or if a Venturi nozzle is provided, over which the pressure chamber of the floater is largely emptied, then the floater has minimal packing volume.

For handling, and in particular for positioning the hull buoyancy device also on the side of the hull opposite the floater, a further flexible slinging means fastened to a lower side (for example a leash) is preferred, to which a floating body (for example cork) is attached under the hull. The further pliable traction means may be attached to the downwardly projecting portion.

If a bilateral or symmetrical generation of buoyancy force on the hull is required, a bilateral development of the hull buoyancy device with two floaters is preferred, wherein the two floaters are connected via a connecting means with each other. The connecting means may be attached to the two downwardly projecting portions or to the two lowering weights. The connecting means may be designed to reduce the number of parts as the Absenkgewicht. The connecting means can be designed to adapt to different hulls or to different locations of the hull in the length adjustable.

A variation of the height and / or the position of the two buoyancy positions of the two floaters can be achieved by a variation of the connection points and thus a variation of the oblique tension of the two fastening means in approximately horizontal direction Fuselage (above the waterline) are set, especially if it remains the connection means under the keel in the same place.

It is particularly preferred if the two floaters of the bilateral fuselage lifting device and the respective depth indicators are designed symmetrically. For example, if a person positions the associated floater on each side of the fuselage, the depths of the two floaters indicated by the depth indicator can be balanced before they are filled with the pressure medium. Thus, after a uniform lifting of the fuselage by the two symmetrically attached floaters is possible.

A uniform lifting of the fuselage during the filling with pressure medium can be ensured or made possible by means of a Y adapter which is developed further to a trim valve, via which the pressure medium source can be connected to the two pressure chambers of the floaters. Thus, a distribution of the pressure medium flowing to the two floaters is controllable.

Between the Y-adapter and each pressure chamber is advantageously provided a check valve for securely holding the achieved filling pressure of the affected floater. If the check valve is unlocked, too far a raised side of the fuselage can be released again and a tilted position can be corrected.

With two longitudinally spaced bilateral fuselage lifting devices, a recovery device can be provided, wherein the two fuselage lifting devices are connected to one another via a longitudinal connection.

In a particularly preferred recovery device with two bilateral fuselage lifting devices, the pressure chambers of the two pairs of floaters have different volumes. Preferably in the ratio of 1 to 2, eg 500I to 10001. With such a recovery device, three levels of buoyancy can be generated, in which either only the pair with the two smaller floaters or only the pair with the two larger floaters or both pairs of floaters to be used. The recovery facility can also be developed as a roll-Bergeein direction, over which the hull can also roll over a shoal. For this purpose, either the above-mentioned floaters can be used or designed as roll-over deck floaters, or additional roll-pile floaters are provided. In the latter case, a modular recovery equipment is created in which, depending on the application situation, the suitable float type is used. The roll-over hatches preferably have a circular-cylindrical cross-sectional area so that they can roll between the shallows and the hull.

Furthermore, a pocket or a suitcase may be provided for receiving the at least one floater and the associated components, or the at least one floater is stowed in a box on the deck. In a visually particularly inconspicuous development, the floaters are integrated into the fuselage on both sides.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a recovery device with two fuselage lifting devices;

FIG. 2 shows the recovery device according to FIG. 1 in a state attached to a ship;

FIG. 3 is a detail of a hull buoyancy device of the recovery device;

FIG. 4 shows the basic sequence of recovery by means of a hull buoyancy device / recovery device according to the invention;

Figure 5 shows a cross section of a hull with a floater with frictional, preferably sealing attachment in a schematic representation;

Figure 6 shows a cross section of a hull with a floater with positive, preferably sealing attachment in a schematic representation;

FIG. 7 shows the floater from FIG. 6 with a pressure chamber and with part of a pressure chamber receptacle;

FIG. 8 shows a connection of an upper belt to the floater from FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 shows a connection of a lower protruding section to the floater from FIG. 7; FIG. 10 shows a detail of a bilateral body starting device in a schematic representation;

FIG. 11 shows a section of a depth display;

FIG. 12 shows a trim valve for the bilateral fuselage buoyancy device according to FIG. 10 with a common hose;

13 shows a trim valve for the bilateral fuselage buoyancy device according to FIG. 10 with a pressure accumulator;

FIG. 14 shows views of a further embodiment of a hull buoyancy device according to the invention;

FIG. 15 shows an exploded view of the hull buoyancy device according to FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a detailed view corresponding to FIG. 14 a;

FIG. 17 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 16 with a partially opened inspection opening;

Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21 are detailed views of the hull buoyancy device according to the figures 14 to 17 and

FIG. 22 shows a view of a variant of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 14 to 21.

1 shows a schematic representation of a recovery device 1 according to the invention, which has two fuselage lifting devices 2, 2 ', which are interconnected by means of a longitudinal connection 4.

In the illustrated embodiment, each fuselage lifting device 2, 2 'has two floaters 6, 8, which are connected to each other via a respective connecting means 10. In this embodiment, attachment means 12, 14 are formed on each floater 6, 8, via which the respective hull buoyancy device 2, 2 'in the deck area of the watercraft, such as a ship 16 (Figure 2), can be fixed.

The longitudinal connection 4 is formed by one or more ramps 18, which are guided through a multiplicity of loops 20 of the floaters 6, so that a zig-zag-shaped connection is formed. Of course, a plurality of parallel ramps or the like may be provided. FIG. 2 shows the recovery device 1 in a state attached to the ship 16, in the present case a motor yacht. In each case, for example, there is a hull buoyancy device 2 in the bow region and the other hull buoyancy device 2 'in the stern region, so that the entire hull can be lifted. The longitudinal connection 4 is designed to be adjustable, so that the positioning of the fuselage lifting devices 2, 2 'in the stern and bow area is simplified and is adjustable to different lengths of ship.

According to the illustration in FIG. 2, the fastening means 12 are guided out of the waterline 22 upwards into the deck area 24 and fastened there to a clamp or an winch, so that the respective hull buoyancy device 2, 2 'is fixed in position. The positioning takes place in such a way that the two floaters 6, 8 rest on both sides of a keel line 26 on the hull of the ship 16, so that only the floaters 6 of the respective hull buoyancy device 2, 2 'are visible in the side view according to FIG.

The floaters 6, 8 are formed as inflatable body. It is preferred if these are positioned in the deflated state according to Figure 2 in their respective buoyancy position (in the rear and / or in the bow area) and then filled by means of a pump 28. As a result of the buoyancy associated with filling, the floaters 6, 8 are pressed against the fuselage wall and side walls and additionally positioned in position, with the respective floaters 6, 8 being connected to one another via the connecting means 10 (see FIG. 1) guided across the keel line. The pressure lines 30 for the filler or pressure medium, preferably air, are preferably likewise integrated into the hull buoyancy device 2, 2 'and do not have to be attached separately. The pump 28 or the other conveyor is designed, for example reversible in its conveying direction, so that the floaters 6, 8 are emptied via this device, for example, to change the position or remove the entire fuselage lifting device 2, 2 'or recovery device 1. Without such emptying the change in the relative position or the loss due to the significant buoyancy of the floaters 6, 8 and the consequent exposure to the investment position on the hull is considerably simplified. As explained above, the floaters 6, 8 and the pressure-carrying lines are emptied / evacuated before stowage. In this case, the weight of the hull buoyancy device or of the leaflet in addition to the feed lines and the connecting means etc. is designed so that the resulting dead weight is greater than the buoyancy force acting on lowering. As a result, the floater / buoyancy device can be positioned in the intended area without additional weights. In addition, this evacuation ensures a particularly compact packaging and design, so that the storage space is minimized and this handling is easier to stow.

The pump 28 can therefore act both in the direction of pressure build-up and in the direction of pressure reduction (pressure medium source, pressure medium sinks). The pump 28 may be operated manually or powered by a motor.

In principle, it is also possible to provide a separate pressure medium source and a separate device for emptying, both of which are connected to the respective pressure line 30. It can also be provided a valve that connects in a switching position, the floaters 6, 8 with the pump 28 and in another switching position with the atmosphere, so that the air is discharged, the water pressure supports the emptying.

FIG. 3a shows an exemplary embodiment of a hull buoyancy device which can be used in the case of a rescue device as described above. In this embodiment, the two floaters 6, 8 are each annular. In the concrete embodiment, each floater 6, 8 is formed for example by a hose of a truck tire or the like, which are characterized by a maximum robustness and a high buoyancy volume and are quite suitable for such an application. Of course, other floaters are usable.

In Figure 3a, the floaters 6, 8 are shown in the inflated state. In this view, it can be seen that each floater 6, 8 is provided with a tarp or cover 32 into which the respective floaters 6, 8 after the discharge of the air (evacuation) via the pressure medium can be wrapped according to Figure 3b, so that the storage space is minimal. For fixing this cover 32 may be fixed with a Velcro tape 34.

As explained, the connection of the two floaters 6, 8 takes place via the connecting means 10, whose end sections engage around a section of the annular floater 6, 8 via suitable tabs 36, 38. Specifically, the connecting means 10 is partially executed as a chain 40, whose weight is designed so that the weight is greater than the buoyancy of the floaters 6, 8 in the deflated state. In the lifting position, the chain 40 extends transversely to the keel line 26. To avoid damage, the chain 40 is covered in the contact area by a cover 42 which rests against the hull in the lifting position.

Diametrically to the loops 36, 38 are the fasteners 12, 14 to the

Floaters 6, 8 attached. This attachment can also be done via tabs or the like.

Each of the floaters 6, 8 is designed with a valve 44, 44 ', to each of which a pressure line 30 is connected. These pressure lines 30 converge in a Y-adapter 48, which in turn is connected via a hose 50 to the pressure medium source / pressure medium sink. In the illustrated embodiment, a manual or motorized pump 28 is provided with reversible conveying direction.

Such pumps 28 are available on the market and may for example be battery operated.

After use, as stated above, via the pump 28, the pressure medium from the floaters 6, 8 sucked. In this case, the pump 28 may be designed so that a vacuum can be applied, so that any air is removed from the interior and the storage volume of the floaters 6, 8 is minimal.

In a subsequent operation, shown in Figure 3b, the floaters 6, 8 then rolled up and the cover 32 is closed, so that two in about cylindrical Floater body result, from which extend the other fluid connections.

This entire unit can then, as shown in Figure 3c, very compact stowed in a case 52.

The variant shown in Figure 3 is characterized by a very compact design with a minimum storage volume, so that such a unit can be easily carried on any larger boat. In principle, it is also possible to integrate the hull buoyancy device or the recovery device already in the fuselage wall, so that in case of emergency, the hull can be lifted at a landing.

The use of the hull buoy, however, is not limited to such salvage. In principle, the fuselage buoyancy device or the recovery device can also be designed with a leaflet, which is suitably connected to the floaters and / or pressed against them in the buoyancy position against the side wall, so that the leak is reliably sealed and the ship the next Harbor can call. As mentioned above, the floaters 6, 8 themselves can be made to seal against the hull wall and thus seal the leak - in this case the floaters themselves are designed as leaflets.

Another possible application is that the floaters 6, 8 are designed in terms of their geometry so that in a dry fall in a tidal waters, the hull is supported laterally and thus remains in a relatively upright position - the hull buoyancy / recovery equipment then replaces one Watt support. The support layer can be adjusted by varying the floater filling pressure.

The function of the recovery device will be explained with reference to FIG 4 for clarity.

It is assumed that a ship 16 or motorboat has accumulated with its rear area or its drive to a shoal 54. Continued travel is not possible without damaging the drive / rear area in this case. Usually For example, in a tidal water the next flood would have to be awaited or a recovery vehicle would be called to tow the ship 16. This can be solved much easier with the recovery device according to the invention.

According to the illustration in FIG. 4b, the recovery device 1 is guided under the hull from the bow region with the two longitudinally connected hull lifting devices 2, 2 ', the floaters 6, 8 being arranged on different sides of the hull. The recovery device 1 or the fuselage lifting devices 2, 2 'are then guided along the keel line 26 into the area of the shoal 54 and are fixed in position in the desired position via the fastening means 12 in the deck area 24 of the ship 16. Subsequently, the floaters 6, 8 as shown in Figure 4c filled with pressure medium (characterized by the small arrows and dashed lines), so that the buoyancy of the floaters 6, 8 increases and accordingly the rear of the shoal 54 can be lifted (see Figure 4d). The floaters 6, 8 or their contact surface on the fuselage wall is preferably designed so that the floaters 6, 8 are held in a force-locking or form-fitting manner in the predetermined region. The attachment means 12 are therefore only for positioning the floaters - the holding force is preferably generated by the appropriate design of the system on the fuselage.

After taking off, the ship 16 can then drive out of the accident area with engine power. Subsequently, the compressed air via the pressure medium sink from the floats 6, 8 is pumped or drained, so that they can be withdrawn easily forward to the bow again.

As mentioned, one of the hull buoys 2, 2 'is sufficient to raise the hull in an area and thus get rid of a shoal.

The buoyancy of the floaters is designed so that it is sufficient to lift a ship in sections. It can therefore be provided different Floater sizes depending on the displacement of the ship.

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a single floater 6 of a one-sided fuselage lifting device 2 with a backboard or starboard side of the Speaking hull of a ship 16 in cross section. The floater 6 was brought to the desired buoyancy position 56 of the underwater hull of the hull and then filled with the pressure medium serving as a buoyancy agent, wherein Figure 5 shows the floater 6 in its filled state. Thus, the floater 6 has the shape of an approximately circular cushion and further has a flexible system 58, with which it rests against the side wall and transmits its always vertical buoyancy force A to the side wall.

The buoyancy force A is compensated by the force sum of a normal force N and a friction force R to be transmitted by frictional engagement. Since the side wall in the area of the lifting position 56 has an inclination of about 45 ° relative to the horizontal or relative to the waterline 22, the normal force N is about as large as the friction force R to be transmitted, so that the normal force in relation to the friction force R comparatively large is. Thus, the embodiment of the floater 6 shown in Figure 5, the buoyancy force A without a non-positive connection - in particular without a rope that runs under the keel line 26 - transmitted to the ship 16. This is merely a frictional connection between the flexible system 58 of the floater 6 and the side wall.

If a higher buoyancy position is selected in deviation from the buoyancy position 56 shown in FIG. 5, in the region of which the tailgate shown by way of example is steeper, the normal force N becomes smaller and the frictional force R to be transmitted larger. As a result, the ratio of the normal force N to the frictional force R to be transmitted deteriorates. If this ratio falls below a critical value, a coefficient of friction must be improved. This can be z. B. done by a special roughness of the flexible system 58.

FIG. 6 shows an illustration of a ship 16 and a single floater 6 in principle comparable to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5. Differing from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, the ship 16 has on its side shown in its side wall two longitudinal grooves 60 which serve to guide the flow during faster travel , The flexible system 58 is designed such that it can also adapt to such irregularities of the side wall, at least to a certain extent, and thus can virtually produce a positive fit between the floater 6 and the side wall. Furthermore, it is shown in Figure 6, that the flexible system 58 has a circumferential protruding edge 61 which bears sealingly against the hull. With this increase in area, the flexible system 58 is preferably also usable as a leaflet.

In Figure 6, the interior of the Floaters 6 is also shown schematically. There is an annular flexible pressure chamber receptacle 62 is formed, which has a substantially approximately circular cylindrical inner wall 64. In the pressure chamber receptacle 62 designed as a tractor or truck hose pressure chamber 66 is used. This is also designed to be flexible and elastic so that it can at least to some extent adapt to the unevenness of the side wall in order to produce the positive connection of the floater 6.

It is particularly preferred if, in the case of an uneven side wall according to FIG. 6 or e.g. due to the mussel growth both embodiments of the invention according to the invention, so in addition to the positive connection and the frictional connection of the floater 6 is generated with the side wall.

Figure 7 shows the floater 6 of Figure 6 in a perspective view. In this case, an outer shell 67 was partially cut off and removed in a rear area, so that the annular pressure chamber 66 is exposed.

In a front region of FIG. 7 it can be seen that the outer sheath 67 of the floater 6 has a circular upper surface 68, via whose concentric circular inner seam 70 the inner wall 64 of the pressure chamber receptacle 62 (explained with reference to FIG. 6) is fastened. At the outer edge of the upper side 68 circumferentially distributed segments 72 are sewn, which form the outer periphery of the Floaters 6. Finally, the peripheral edge 61 of the system 58 is shown.

While in the representations according to FIGS. 5 to 7 a pressure medium supply and handling aids have been omitted, these are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 shows that side of the floater 6 from FIGS. 6 and 7 which, when used as intended, is at the top, ie in the vicinity of the waterline 22. FIG. 9 1 shows the area of the floater 6 according to FIGS. 6 and 7, which is disposed below the intended line of use, ie in the vicinity of the keel line 26.

In both Figures 8 and 9 are shown attached to the edge 61 or integrally formed therewith reinforcements 74 which extend approximately arcuately or U-shaped away from the edge 61. They reinforce a belt 12 and its connection to the floater 6 in particular in a pulling direction which deviates from the radial direction and is desensprechend obliquely. In such a pulling direction, one of the two legs of the reinforcements 74 is subjected to tension and, in the case of the upper connection according to FIG. 8, kinking of the pressure line 30 (see FIG.

Referring to Figure 8, the strap 12 extends from a handle or fastener (not shown) to the top of the floater 6 and then along the abutment 58 to the bottom of the floater 6 of Figure 9. There, the strap 12 forms a protruding portion. to which a ring 140 is attached. The ring 140 can additionally serve as a lowering weight in the case of one-sided use of the floater 6 or, in the case of a bilateral lifting device 2, as a fastening means for the connection means 10 (see FIG.

Figure 8 shows that in the belt 12 in a seam-limited channel which extends along the belt 12, a receptacle 78 for the pressure line 30 (see Figure 3a) is formed. Thus, a strain relief is realized for the pressure line 30.

Figure 10 shows a part of a bilateral fuselage buoyancy device 2 in a schematic representation. In this case, two of the floaters 6 according to FIGS. 6 to 9 are provided, of which only one floater 6 is shown. The two lower rings 140 of the two floaters 6 are connected to one another via a lead line 240 or chain, with which the hull buoyancy device 2 according to FIG. 10 corresponds in principle to its function to that of FIG. 3a. In this case, the inventive frictional and / or positive connection of the floaters 6 is provided to the fuselage.

At the upper (in Figure 10 right) end portion of the belt 12, an upper fastening means 80 and / or a handle is provided. Furthermore, there is a Maßtau 82 fastened, and the pressure line 30 is led out of the belt 12 there. By fastening clips 84, the Maßtau 82 and the pressure line 30 are loosely connected to each other, so that any train on the Maßtau 82 in the positioning of the Floaters 6 is not transmitted to the pressure line 30. At Maßtau 82, a further fastening means 80 and / or a handle may be provided, so that the belt 12 with the Maßtau 82 on the one hand to manual positioning of the Floaters 6 and also for (transitional) attachment can serve, as already explained in the previous text ,

Figure 1 1 shows a schematic representation of the Maßtau 82, which has a scale with fields 83, which are 10 cm wide in this embodiment. The individual fields 83 of the Maßtaus 82 can be colored and also be fluorescent. Since such a Maßtau 82 is provided on each side of the bilateral fuselage buoyancy device according to Figure 10, z. B. two people who want to position the fuselage buoyancy device 2, the heights of the two floaters 6 match.

FIG. 10 also shows the case 52, in which, in addition to storage space for the hull buoyancy device 2, a pressure accumulator 128 designed as a compressed air cylinder is also accommodated. This is connected via an option 1 via the hose 50 to a Y-piece (see FIG. 3a) which is designed as a trim valve 148, via which the pressure medium serving as a buoyant means from the pressure accumulator 128 to the two pressure lines 30 and thus to the two floaters can be distributed. According to an option 2, the Y-piece further developed as trim valve 148 may also be dispensed with, and instead only one control valve 248 may be provided. The control valve 248 according to option 2 is used when only one floater 6 of a one-sided fuselage lifting device 2 is to be filled from the pressure accumulator 128.

FIG. 12 shows the trim valve 148, via which the pressure medium flowing in from the hose 50 can be distributed either uniformly or non-uniformly to the two pressure lines 30 and thus to the two associated floaters 6. The trim valve 148 has an operating element 86 for opening and closing the pressure medium connection. Furthermore, an operating element 88 is provided, which can be rotated from the middle position shown in FIG. 12 in both directions. Thus, the volume flow of pressure medium to the associated pressure line 30 is increased proportionally or reduced to the opposite pressure line 30. With the trim valve 148 is a sensitive balancing and lifting the affected ship 16 with the two-sided embodiment of the hull buoyancy device 2 according to the invention possible.

FIG. 13 shows a modification of the trim valve 148, in which the inlet is not connected to the hose 50 but directly to the pressure accumulator 128 configured as a compressed air cylinder.

FIG. 14 shows a front view (14a), a side view (14b) and a top view (14c) of a module 90 of a further embodiment of a hull buoy 2. From this module 90 can then, for example, a fuselage buoyancy device with the basic structure of Figure 3 produce in which two floaters are used.

The module 90 shown in Figure 14 has in principle as the embodiments described above a floater (see Figure 15) 6 with a buoyancy body, which is covered by the aforementioned robust outer shell 67 (also DE-Fender called) and thus protected. This outer shell 67 is connected to the flexible system 58, on the one hand via the reinforcement 74 of the strain relief acting as a pressure line 30 belt 12 and on the other hand a weight 340 is arranged with a connection for the connecting means 10 to another identical module.

As described above, the outer shell 67 is formed so as to surround the actual buoyant air body, for example, the hose 50. In the event that penetrates into the space between this tube 50 and the outer shell 67 water, the cover 67 with one or more Drainageoffnungen 92, 94 executed. In the illustrated embodiment, these drainage openings 92, 94 lie in the axis of the belt 12. As in the embodiments described above, reinforcements are applied in the axis spanned by the belt 12 and in an axis extending transversely thereto, which are referred to below as bumpers 96, 97 and which encompass both the outer casing 67 and the volume (hose 50) protect against damage.

FIG. 15 shows an exploded view of the module 90, in which the individual components can be seen. Shown from top to bottom in Figure 15 are the elastic but very shock and wear-designed outer shell 67 (D-fender), the buoyancy received therein (hose 50) and arranged in the direction of the belt axis two bumpers 97. These are each with a Windows 98, which are covered by a net-like material, which forms the two drainage openings 92, 94. On an axis arranged at right angles to the two other bumpers 96 are provided, which are also applied to the outer skin of the outer shell 67.

The lower, applied to the fuselage wall portion of the outer shell 67 forms an elastic bottom 91, which are designed for example as a tarpaulin.

Also visible in the exploded view according to FIG. 15 are the aforementioned reinforcements 74 which are connected with the bottom 91 in a manner that is resistant to tension and on which, for example, the belt 12 acts. In the illustrated embodiment, this belt 12 is formed in two parts from a recording for the pressure line 30 forming Gurtoberteil 100 and an associated Gurtunterteil 102. This belt 12 extends diametrically over the outer casing 67 with the elastic bottom 91, wherein the weight 340 is fastened to the right-hand projecting short end section in FIG. In the illustration according to FIG. 15, this weight 340 is partially covered by the bumper 96.

The reinforcement 74 may - as can be seen in FIG. 15 - be formed in several parts, wherein in this area an additional multi-part handle 104 is provided, which is attached to the reinforcement 74 respectively.

Also shown in FIG. 15 is a bottom-side tarpaulin 106 which, together with the elastic bottom 91 of the outer shell 67, provides the flexible system 58. forms. The tarpaulin has two side flaps 108, 110 covering the attachment areas in which the belt 12 is connected to the outer shell 67 and the bottom 91, respectively.

As will be explained in more detail below, this tarpaulin 106 is also in the unused state as a "packaging", wherein for closing on the tarpaulin 106 and the bottom 91 Velcro fasteners 1 12 are provided.

FIG. 16 shows a partial plan view of the module 90 according to the illustration in FIG. 14a. In this illustration, the indicated pressure chamber receptacle 62 for the volume body (tube 50) can be seen. The encompassed by the annular pressure chamber receptacle 62 interior is covered by a top wall 1 14 of the outer shell 67. This cover wall 1 14 has an inspection opening 1 16, which can be opened to make the interior of the outer shell 67 accessible.

According to FIG. 17, the inspection opening 16 is covered in the use state by a hook and loop flap 18, upon the opening of which a closure 120 of the inspection opening 16 is accessible. This closure 120 is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a lacing. Of course, other types of closure can be used.

FIG. 18 shows the partial region of the module 90 at the top in FIG. 14 a with the bumper 97, which protects the outer shell 67. As explained above, the tab 108, a correspondingly formed portion 122 of the bottom 91 and the reinforcement 74 extend radially beyond the outer periphery of the outer shell 67 and form a reinforcement / connection for the belt 12 and the pressure line guided therein. Adjacent to this approximately trapezoidal projecting region and the drainage 94 is formed. The indicated in the exploded view of Figure 15 handle 104 is suitably connected, for example by short lines or the like, to the trapezoidal projection, so that the module can be handled relatively comfortable.

FIG. 19 shows a radial view of the drainage 92 underlying in FIG. 14 a, which is formed in the bumper 97. In Figure 19 below the drainage 92, the weight 340 visible, which is attached to a corresponding radially projecting trapezoidal flap of the reinforcement 74, the bottom 91 and the short end portion of the belt 12.

FIG. 20 shows a radially outer region of the floater 6 as shown in FIG. 14c. It can be seen in this figure that - as already explained - the flexible system 58 protrudes with its bottom 91 and the tarpaulin 106 with the edge 61 shown in Figure 7 on the outer shell 67 and the buoyancy body and thus increases the contact surface of the fuselage, so that a reliable non-positive and / or positive and / or sealing contact of the module 90 is ensured on the hull.

This weight is shown in detail in FIG. As explained, this weight is fixed to the radially protruding tab 10 of the tarpaulin 106 and possibly also to a corresponding section of the bottom 91. The shorter end portion of the strap 12 is beyond this tab 1 10, wherein at the end portion of an eyelet 124 is provided to which, for example, the connecting means 10 can be attached to the other module. The weight 340 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a molded body. For example, lead weights or the like can be encapsulated with plastic and then attached to the tab 1 10. In principle, it is also possible to adapt individual weight elements of the weight 340 in an exchangeable manner in order to adapt the lowering weight.

Figure 22 shows a view of the module 90 seen from the plant side to the fuselage ago. It can be seen in this representation that the tarpaulin 106 is in principle annular and covers the edge region of the bottom 91. As explained, the strap 12 crosses the bottom 91 diagonally and is connected via the tabs 108, 1 10, 122 and the other reinforcements 74 to the flexible system 58, so that a reliable position positioning is possible.

As explained with reference to the exploded view in FIG. 15, velcro fasteners 12 are arranged on the tarpaulin 108 and the bottom 91, which make it possible for the entire module 90 to be rolled up by a winding axis running parallel to the belt axis when the pressure medium (air) is drained Velcro fasteners 1 12 is fixed in place, so that the storage space is minimal. In the embodiments described above, it is preferred that the respective floaters 6, 8 bear against the fuselage wall with the side shown in FIG. 22, so that correspondingly the straps 10, 12 likewise extend along the fuselage wall.

Alternatively, especially when used as a leaflet, it may be advantageous to the floater 6 with its visible in Figure 14a large area, d. H. actually with the back described here in Appendix to the leak to bring, so that the straps bias the floater against the leak or the fuselage wall. Accordingly, the area provided with the reference number 126 in FIG. 15 can be designed as a sealing surface which surrounds the leak or the area provided on the trunk or else biases a sealing material against the leak.

Disclosed is a hull buoyancy device. This preferably has two fillable with pressure fluid floaters. According to a first aspect, a device for connecting the floaters with a pressure medium sink and a pressure medium source is provided or the floater is according to a second aspect frictionally or positively on the ship's side.

LIST OF REFERENCES: Bergeeinrichtung

Hull buoyancy device longitudinal connection

Floater

Fastener fastener / strap fastener / strap ship

Tampen

loop

waterline

deck area

Kiellinie

pump

pressure line

cover

velcro

flap

Chain

cover

Valve

Y-adapter

tube

suitcase

shallow

Lift position flexible attachment

longitudinal groove

edge Pressure chamber holder

inner wall

pressure chamber

outer shell

top

seam

segment

reinforcement

belt

admission

Fastener and / or handle Maßtau

field

mounting clips

operating element

module

ground

drainage opening

Bumper

window

Gurtoberteil

Gurtunterteil

Handle

Plans

flap

velcro fastener

top wall

inspection opening

Velcro flap 120 closure

122 tab bottom

124 eyelet

126 sealing surface

128 accumulator

140 ring

148 trim valve

240 lead lines

248 control valve

340 weight

A buoyancy

N normal force

R friction force

Claims

claims

1 . Hull buoyancy device with at least one floater (6, 8), which can be brought to a buoyancy of an underwater ship in a buoyancy position (56), and which can be filled via a pressure medium source (28, 128) with pressure medium, characterized in that a flexible system (58) of the floater (6, 8) is designed such that a force resulting from the buoyancy force (A) of the floater (6, 8) is frictionally and / or positively transferable to the side wall.

2. hull buoyancy device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible system (58) for the frictional transmission of the buoyancy force (A) is rough or adhesive.

3. fuselage buoyancy device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the floater (6, 8) or the flexible system (58) for the positive transmission of the buoyancy force (A) to unevenness of the side wall is adaptable.

4. hull buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible system (58) for the positive transmission of the buoyancy force (A) has approximately transversely extending structures.

5. hull buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible system (58) is designed as a leaflet.

6. fuselage buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible system (58) has a concave shape.

7. hull buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the flexible system (58) or integrally with the flexible system (58) a pressure chamber receptacle (62) is formed, in which a pressure chamber (66) is inserted.

8. fuselage buoyancy device according to claim 7, wherein the pressure chamber (66) is approximately annular, and wherein an outer edge of the pressure chamber receptacle (62) is approximately circular.

9. hull buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure medium source is a pump (28) or a pressure accumulator (128).

10. hull buoyancy device in particular according to one of the preceding

Claims with a device for connecting the floater (6, 8) with a pressure medium sink for reducing the pressure medium pressure in the lifting position.

1 1. Hull buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floater (6, 8) has a slippery traction means (12, 14).

12. fuselage buoyancy device according to claim 1 1, wherein the pliable traction means is a fastening means (12, 14) for fixing the Floaters (6, 8) in the buoyancy position at an above a waterline (22) located portion of the fuselage.

13. fuselage lifting device according to claim 1 1 or 12, wherein a pressure line (30) along the pliable traction means (12, 14) or in the pliable traction means (12, 14) is guided, which serves as a strain relief for the pressure line (30).

14. fuselage buoyancy device according to one of the claims 1 1 to 13 with a depth indicator attached to the pliable traction means (12, 14) or attached to a Maßtau (82).

15. fuselage buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weight of the Floaters (6, 8) and the associated components is greater than the buoyancy of this assembly in the unfilled state.

16. fuselage buoyancy device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floater (6, 8) is designed such that it laterally supports the hull in a dry traps.

17 fuselage buoyancy device with two floaters (6, 8) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the two floaters (6, 8) via a connecting means (10) are connected to each other.

18. fuselage buoyancy device according to claim 12 or a claim dependent thereon and according to claim 17, wherein a height of the buoyancy position (56) or the two floaters (6, 8) by a variation of the connection points of the two fastening means (12, 14) in approximately horizontal direction adjustable on the fuselage.

19. fuselage lifting device according to claim 14 and according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the two floaters (6, 8) and the respective depth indicators are designed symmetrically.

20. Hull buoyancy device according to one of the claims 17 to 19 with a trim valve (148) formed Y-adapter (48), via which the pressure medium source with the two floaters (6, 8) is connectable.