EP3228746B1 - Expansion joint convenient to repair for concrete slabs shuttering system - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete slab formwork systems providing an expansion joint between two adjacent slabs. The present invention relates more particularly to an improved expansion joint, particularly in terms of ease of renovation.

PRIOR ART

In the field of construction, and in particular that relating to the floor covering by concrete slabs, it is well known to use a formwork system including expansion joints between the slabs. Indeed, it is customary to divide the concrete slab into several parts, depending on its area and its thickness, to create an air space necessary for the absorption of volume variations of a slab, for example under the action of withdrawal.

A known formwork system generally comprises an expansion joint having first and second longitudinal members, arranged side by side on the same horizontal plane, and each intended to form an integral part with an upper and horizontal edge of a concrete slab. The first longitudinal member is secured to a vertical partition plate for forming the vertical boundary between the two adjacent concrete slabs. After a horizontal retraction of at least one concrete slab, the first and second longitudinal elements are spaced from each other, each remaining integral with the concrete slab with which it forms an integral part.

At the end of life, or when these formwork systems and expansion joints are incorrectly installed, the opening of the expansion joint after shrinkage of the concrete slabs may cause shocks or jolts causing deterioration of the concrete and longitudinal elements. said expansion joint.

Thus, a single rather restrictive solution for renovating the joint consists in sawing or breaking the jackhammer concrete in order to permanently remove the longitudinal elements of the expansion joint, and to cast a filling material such as resin or water. concrete in the recess generated by the removal of joints and broken concrete

The document DE29901141U1 discloses an expansion joint of a concrete slab formwork system comprising all the features of the preamble of claim 1.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy these drawbacks by proposing an expansion joint for concrete slab formwork system whose renovation is simplified when degradations of the longitudinal elements of the joint or the concrete in contact with these elements. elements intervened.

For this purpose, and to solve the aforementioned problems, it has been developed an expansion joint according to the state of the art in that it comprises first and second longitudinal elements, arranged side by side on the same plane horizontal, and intended to form each integral part with an upper and horizontal edge of a concrete slab, with the first longitudinal member secured to a vertical partition plate.

According to the invention, the first and second longitudinal elements comprise arrangements opening at the level of the upper horizontal walls of said first and second longitudinal elements and for removing at least a portion of each of the first and second longitudinal elements for their replacement.

In this way, the longitudinal elements deteriorated, or poorly placed, can be removed by acting on the arrangements that are accessible after casting and drying of the concrete slabs, and replaced. Heavy operations of breaking concrete and joints for forced removal are removed. Renovation is fast and easy.

According to one particular embodiment, the second longitudinal element consists of at least two parts fastened to one another by fastening means removable, so that only the removable part is removed and replaced during the renovation. The other part remains fixed and anchored in the concrete.

According to particular embodiments, in order to be removed and replaced, the first longitudinal element is either fixed to the vertical partition plate by removable fixing means, or it also consists of at least two parts fixed one to the other. on the other by removable fastening means, with a removable upper part and a lower part secured to the separating plate.

The vertical plane defined by the separating plate is offset horizontally with respect to the vertical plane defined between the first and second longitudinal elements. Thus, when the concrete slabs retract, the longitudinal elements move away from each other, but still rest on one of the concrete slabs. The stability of the joint is optimal and the appearance of disorders, such as cracks or breaks is reduced.

Advantageously, the first and second longitudinal elements comprise complementary means for fitting horizontally into one another. Thus, the horizontal engagement allows a transfer of the vertical loads between the first and second longitudinal elements of the expansion joint.

The first longitudinal element comprises a stack of three layers of material, with an intermediate layer that is narrower than the other two layers so as to have a U-shaped cross section, and the second longitudinal element comprises a stack of three layers of complementary material. with an intermediate layer wider than the other two layers so as to form a transverse projection adapted to fit into the hollow of the U-shape of the first longitudinal element.

According to a particular embodiment, the arrangements are in the form of orifices vertically traversing at least the removable portion of each of the first and second longitudinal members, and rods inserted into said orifices with lower ends integral with a fixed part. expansion joint and threaded upper ends adapted to receive clamping members for the removable attachment of said removable portion of each of the first and second longitudinal members.

Preferably, the removable portions of the first and second longitudinal members have facing faces comprising complementary sinusoidal profiles to ensure continuity in the separation between two concrete slabs. Thus, during the passage of a wheeled vehicle, said wheels are always supported by the surface of one of the adjacent slabs. This feature limits the impact and wear of concrete slabs near expansion joints.

According to another characteristic of the invention, at least the removable portion of each of the first and second longitudinal elements is made of a polymeric material, or a composite material made from a polymeric material, such as plastic, in particular resin, etc. This characteristic makes it possible, when the longitudinal elements of the expansion joint have a vertical offset, resulting in shocks and jerks during the passage of vehicles, to be able to sand said longitudinal elements to achieve optimal planimetry. The renovation is very fast and simply consists of a sanding step.

Of course, the sanding nature of the longitudinal elements is independent of the removable nature so that it can be envisaged to develop a remarkable expansion joint in that it comprises first and second longitudinal elements made of a polymer material, or in a composite material made from a polymer material, without these having a removable character.

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective illustrant une forme de réalisation du joint de dilatation selon l'invention, avant rétractation des dalles de béton ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 1, après rétractation des dalles de béton ;
• la figure 3 est une représentation en coupe transversale de la forme de réalisation du joint de dilatation illustrée à la figure 1, avant rétractation des dalles de béton ;
• la figure 4 est une représentation en coupe transversale de la forme de réalisation du joint de dilatation illustrée à la figure 2, après rétractation des dalles de béton.

Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of several variant embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the expansion joint according to the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of the expansion joint according to the invention, before shrinkage of the concrete slabs;
• the figure 2 is a perspective view similar to that of the figure 1 after retracting the concrete slabs;
• the figure 3 is a cross-sectional representation of the embodiment of the expansion joint illustrated in FIG. figure 1 , before shrinkage of concrete slabs;
• the figure 4 is a cross-sectional representation of the embodiment of the expansion joint illustrated in FIG. figure 2 , after shrinkage of the concrete slabs.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an expansion joint (1) for a concrete slab formwork system which employs at least one vertical separator plate of two adjacent concrete slabs, and which is used when necessary, for the casting of the concrete slab system. concrete, to divide the concrete slab into several parts, depending on its area and its thickness, to create an air space necessary for the absorption of the variations of volumes of a slab, for example under the action of the withdrawal .

With reference to Figures 1 to 4 the expansion joint (1) comprises first and second longitudinal members (2, 3), arranged side by side on the same horizontal plane, and each intended to form an integral part with an upper and horizontal edge of a concrete slab .

The first longitudinal element (2) is integral with a vertical partition plate (4) of the two adjacent slabs.

The first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) can be made of metal, or of a suitable material to be sanded, such as a polymer or a composite material made from a polymer, for example plastic or resin.

Thus, when the expansion joint is damaged or incorrectly placed, and the longitudinal elements (2, 3), which form the upper edges of the slabs, are offset vertically, shocks and jolts occur during the passage of vehicles to wheels, causing disorders in the concrete and accelerated deterioration of the concrete and the expansion joint (1).

The sanding of the longitudinal elements (2, 3) makes it possible to remake said longitudinal elements (2, 3) by a sanding operation and obtain an optimum planimetry of the expansion joint (1) and concrete slabs. Thus, the renovation of the expansion joint (1) is facilitated.

The invention also makes it possible to remedy this problem by the following features, taken alone or in combination with the sanding nature of the longitudinal elements (2, 3), according to which said longitudinal elements (2, 3) comprise arrangements, leading to the horizontal upper walls of said first and second longitudinal members (2, 3), and for removing at least a portion (2a, 3a) of each of the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) for their replacement.

The first longitudinal element (2) comprises a stack of three layers of material, including an upper layer (2a), an intermediate layer (2b), and a lower layer (2c). The intermediate layer (2b) has a width smaller than that of the upper (2a) and lower (2c) layers so that the first longitudinal member (2) has a U-shaped cross section.

In the same way, the second longitudinal element (3) comprises a stack of three complementary material layers, including an upper layer (3a), an intermediate layer (3b), and a lower layer (3c) whose width is greater that of the upper layer (3a) and lower (3c) so as to form a transverse projection adapted to fit into the hollow of the U-shape of the first longitudinal member (2) and allow the transfer of vertical loads.

The first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) comprise orifices (5) formed in their thickness so as to pass vertically through all three layers (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c). These orifices (5) are adapted to receive as insertion rods (6) fixed at their lower ends to fixed parts of the expansion joint (1). For example, the lower ends of the rods (6) are welded to the lower layers (2c, 3c) of the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3). The lower ends of the rods (6) can also be fixed to fixed parts of the formwork system on which the expansion joint is mounted without departing from the scope of the invention. The upper ends of the rods (6) do not protrude from the first layers (2a, 3a) of the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3), and are, for example, threaded to cooperate with clamping members (7) for block in position, at least the upper layers (2a, 3a) of the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3). Conversely, when these clamping members (7) are unscrewed, the upper layers (2a, 3a) of said first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) can be removed and replaced, especially when they are deteriorated or when a vertical shift generating shock and jolts is felt at the passage of a vehicle.

The width of the upper layer (2a) of the first longitudinal element (2) is greater than the width of the upper layer (3a) of the second longitudinal element (3), and the lower layer (2c) of the first longitudinal element (2). ) is made integral with the vertical partition plate (4), for example by welding, so that the vertical plane defined by the separating plate (4) is offset horizontally with respect to the vertical plane (P) defined between the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3). Thus, with reference to figures 2 and 4 when the concrete slabs retract, the longitudinal elements (2, 3) move away from one another but still rest on one of the concrete slabs. The stability of the joint is optimal and the appearance of disorders, such as cracks or breaks is reduced.

The invention therefore describes an expansion joint (1) comprising first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) each having removable portions, constituted in particular by the upper layers (2a, 3a).

Other embodiments can be imagined without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the intermediate (2b, 3b) and lower (2c, 3c) layers of the first and second longitudinal members (2, 3) may form a one-piece assembly, or the first longitudinal member (2) may be made in one piece. part fixed directly removably, by the same means as above, on the vertical partition plate (4) provided for example with an upper edge at right angles.

In order to ensure continuity in the separation between the two concrete slabs, the removable parts of the first and second longitudinal elements (2, 3), in particular the upper layers (2a, 3a), have facing faces comprising complementary sinusoidal profiles. Thus, when passing a vehicle, the wheels are always supported by the surface of one of the adjacent slabs. This feature limits the impact and wear of concrete slabs near expansion joints.

Claims (7)

1. Expansion joint (1) for a shuttering system for concrete slabs to be laid on ground such as to enable the creation of an air space between two adjacent slabs after shrinkage of the concrete slabs, with the said joint incorporating first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) positioned side by side in the same horizontal plane, and being intended to each be integral with an upper and horizontal edge of a concrete slab, characterized by the fact that only the first longitudinal segment (2) is integral with a vertical separating plate (4) between the said two adjacent slabs, defining a vertical plane offset horizontally in relation to a vertical plane (P) defined between the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) such that, after shrinkage of the concrete slabs, the longitudinal segments (2, 3) move apart from each other but remain constantly bearing against one of the concrete slabs, as well as by the fact that the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) incorporate fittings (5, 6, 7) that culminate at their upper horizontal walls, and that enable the removal of at least a part (2a, 3a) of each of the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3), for their replacement; the first longitudinal segment (2) incorporates a stack of three layers of material (2a, 2b, 2c), with one intermediate layer (2b) having a smaller width than the other two layers (2a, 2c), such that the first longitudinal segment (2) has a U-shaped transversal form, and the second longitudinal segment (3) incorporates a stack of three complementary layers of material (3a, 3b, 3c), with one intermediate layer (3b) having a greater width than the other two layers (3a, 3c), so as to form a transversal salience that can nest within the hollow of the U-shaped form of the first longitudinal segment (2).
2. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the second longitudinal segment (3) is composed of at least two parts (3a, 3b, 3c) secured to each other via a removable means of fixation (6, 7).
3. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the first longitudinal segment (2) is secured to the vertical separating plate (4) via removable means of fixation (6, 7).
4. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the first longitudinal segment (2) is composed of at least two parts (2a, 2b, 2c) secured to each other via removable means of fixation (6, 7).
5. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fittings take the form of apertures (5) vertically traversing at least the removable part (2a, 3a) of each of the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) and rods (6) inserted into the said apertures (5), with lower extremities integral with a fixed part of the expansion joint (1) and threaded upper extremities able to accommodate tightening devices (7), for the removable fixation of the said removable part (2a, 3a) of each of the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3).
6. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the removable parts (2a, 3a) of the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) have opposing faces incorporating complementary sinusoidal profiles.
7. Expansion joint (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that at least the removable (2a, 3a) of each of the first and second longitudinal segments (2, 3) is made of a polymer material, or of a composite material made from a polymer material.

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