EP3211140B1 - Tunnel selon une technique de construction ouverte comprenant au moins un corps en béton et un système d'étanchéité associé ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint - Google Patents

Tunnel selon une technique de construction ouverte comprenant au moins un corps en béton et un système d'étanchéité associé ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3211140B1
EP3211140B1 EP17157023.7A EP17157023A EP3211140B1 EP 3211140 B1 EP3211140 B1 EP 3211140B1 EP 17157023 A EP17157023 A EP 17157023A EP 3211140 B1 EP3211140 B1 EP 3211140B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
layer
tunnel structure
tunnel
concrete body
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Active
Application number
EP17157023.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3211140A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Lassnig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
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Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102016111724.2A external-priority patent/DE102016111724B4/de
Application filed by Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co filed Critical Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Publication of EP3211140A1 publication Critical patent/EP3211140A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an open construction tunnel structure with at least one concrete body and a non-posterior sealing system therefor.
  • Tunnel structures constructed using the open method mainly serve to protect nature and noise.
  • the building ground is first exposed and a concrete body is erected on it, which is covered with a fill after completion.
  • the concrete body is designed as a single tube with an ⁇ -shaped cross section or as a rectangular box profile. With several directions of travel, at least two adjacent tunnel tubes are generally erected.
  • a one-piece concrete body with a so-called spectacle profile is often built, which is formed from two adjacent, each ⁇ -shaped cross sections, which are combined in a central wall section. The point of union is significantly lower than the apex of the two tunnel tubes, so that leachate collects there.
  • the DE 196 25 245 A1 describes a seal for a mining tunnel.
  • a swelling filler is incorporated between two layers of a vacuum-testable multiple seal.
  • This sealing membrane is intended to be applied to the inside of the tunnel wall in order to seal the fault in the event of damage to the sealing layer. This ensures that the sealing system can be checked despite local damage.
  • An application for tunnel structures created in open construction is not disclosed.
  • the EP 1067 241 A1 describes a sealing system on a tunnel structure, but the disclosed sealing relates solely to the basic sealing and not to the tubular tunnel structure.
  • US 5 836 717 A shows a tunnel structure with an omega-shaped cross-section, but does not provide a seal for it.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a tunnel structure created in an open construction with a reliable sealing system, in which in particular the impairment of larger surface areas of the structure in the event of local damage in the sealing system is avoided.
  • Essential to the invention is the use of a multilayer sealing membrane made of textile materials which are permeable to water and filled with a swellable bentonite for the additional sealing of the concrete body of the tunnel structure in the event of damage to an already existing primary seal.
  • the secondary sealing layer provided according to the invention is installed directly on the concrete body of the tunnel, namely from the respective outer base point via the upper apex to the base point on the other, opposite side or, in the case of a rectangular profile, from up to the side base points.
  • the lower sealing layer on the concrete body, which is swellable, is covered with a plastic sealing membrane (KDB), so that the primary sealing effect is achieved by the KDB and water is drained off to the sides by the KDB.
  • KDB plastic sealing membrane
  • partition joint tapes provided in the prior art can be dispensed with, as a result of which a significantly better concrete quality is achieved.
  • the penetrating leachate causes the bentonite in the secondary sealing layer below to swell, so that a water-blocking protective layer is automatically formed.
  • leachate cannot pass through both sealing layers up to and into the concrete body.
  • a backwardness of the sealing system as a whole is thus effectively avoided: water penetrating the primary sealing layer on top, which runs behind the primary sealing layer, only leads to a larger swelling of the bentonite in the secondary sealing layer, so that the self-sealing effect continues until through the swelling pressure in the bentonite layer, which acts against the plastic sealing membrane from the inside, the water flow is completely stopped.
  • a press connection is formed by the infiltration of water.
  • tunnel structures with two adjacent tubes with a so-called spectacle profile is particularly advantageous.
  • the sealing layers are laid from one base of a tunnel tube to its apex and then in a straight line or with a slight central elevation to the apex of the adjacent tunnel tube and from there resting on the concrete body to the other base.
  • the area of the throat which is particularly susceptible to damage, between the two ⁇ -shaped profiles, the so-called critical low point, is completely covered by the sealing system according to the invention, in a straight line or slightly curved outwards, in order to avoid the accumulation of water in this area from the outset.
  • the fillet area between the two partial profiles is filled up before the start of the sealing work in order to support the sealing layers provided there.
  • the spectacle profile for the sealing system is thus eliminated. This only results in radially guided and verifiable heating wedge welds on the plastic sealing membrane. The Water flow is therefore removed from the critical area and derived via the cross-section inclination.
  • additional protective layers for example made of fleece, can be provided in order to avoid damage to the sealing system, in particular by stones pressed on during the pouring.
  • a drainage layer is provided on the primary sealing layer, at least in the region extending between the two vertices.
  • drainage elements are used in particular, which comprise a solid plastic lattice structure, so that seepage water can be drained to the side in the drainage layer without back pressure, without a back pressure acting on the two sealing layers being able to arise.
  • a three-layer drain composite is used as the drainage layer, which consists of a pressure-stable geo-mesh made of PE-HD and nonwovens made of polypropylene that are thermally laminated on both sides.
  • a preferred embodiment also provides for the sealing sheets used for the secondary sealing layer to be provided with a bentonite scattering applied at the factory in at least one edge region, which is preferably permanently fixed by suitable adhesive systems.
  • the sealing sheeting prepared with this is laid overlapping and pressed against the concrete body by the pouring in later. If damage to the outer plastic sealing membrane occurred in the area of the overlap and water penetrated into the overlap area, the bentonite scattering would swell and seal the area automatically. Due to the preferably provided fixation of the bentonite scattering in the edge area, ready-to-install sheets can be provided without having to carry out a manual pouring during installation.
  • the sealing effect can even be achieved in those outer side areas of a rounded concrete body in which the tangential angle on the ⁇ -shaped profile is already more than 45 ° downwards, so that a manual pouring would trickle off.
  • FIG. 1 A completed tunnel structure 100 is shown in section. It consists of the concrete body 10 with two tunnel tubes 11, 12, each of which has an ⁇ -shaped cross section and which are joined together to form a central wall 13 with their sides lying against one another. This shape of the profile is called the glasses profile.
  • the foundation areas are arranged at a slightly offset height from one side to the other, which also results in a gradient between the upper vertices 15, 16 of the concrete body 10.
  • a multi-layer sealing system 20 formed according to the invention, which is shown as a dashed line. This consists of at least two sealing layers that run from the base points 14 over the side regions 13 to the top vertices 15, 16 above.
  • the sealing system 20 extends stretched between the vertices 15, 16. For this purpose, the area of the depression in the throat 17 was previously provided with a supporting fill.
  • protective plates 40 made of precast concrete or in-situ concrete can be placed in order to protect the sealing system 20 in the area between the vertices 15, 16 against the pressure of a fill 31.
  • the concrete body 10 thus prepared is completely covered with bulk material, to which a mineral soil layer 32 is then applied for greening.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sealing system 20 according to the invention in a basic form in section, specifically in the area of an overlap of two sealing sheets of the secondary sealing layer 22.
  • the underlying sealing sheet has fixed bentonite scattering 23 in the edge area overlaps.
  • a plastic sealing membrane, which forms the primary sealing layer 21, is placed over this.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Tunnel (100) réalisé selon une technique de construction ouverte comprenant au moins un corps en béton (10'), dont le côté extérieur est recouvert d'un système d'étanchéité (20) ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint, qui comprend au moins
    - une couche d'étanchéité secondaire sous-jacente (22), qui est formée de bandes d'étanchéité, qui se composent respectivement d'au moins une couche textile qui est chargée d'une bentonite capable de gonfler, et
    - une couche d'étanchéité primaire (21), qui est formée par une bande d'étanchéité en matière synthétique, posée sur la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22) est formée de bandes d'étanchéité posées avec recouvrement, et
    - les couches d'étanchéité (21, 22) sont recouvertes d'une couche de drainage (25), qui est réalisée sous la forme d'un corps stable à la pression et perméable à l'eau.
  2. Tunnel (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bandes d'étanchéité de la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22) présentent sur au moins un bord latéral une couche de poudre de bentonite (23) répandue sur le côté extérieur, qui est fixée par des agents d'adhérence.
  3. Tunnel (100) selon une revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une dalle de protection (40) constituée de pièces préfabriquées en béton ou de béton coulé sur place est formée au-dessus des couches d'étanchéité (21, 22).
  4. Tunnel (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les couches d'étanchéité (21, 22) sont recouvertes d'une couche de protection en non tissé.
  5. Tunnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le corps en béton est réalisé sous la forme d'un profilé en caisson rectangulaire.
  6. Tunnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps en béton est réalisé sous la forme d'un tube de tunnel avec une section transversale en forme d'Ω.
  7. Tunnel (100) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps en béton (10) présente un profil en forme de lunettes avec au moins deux tubes de tunnel (11, 12) situés l'un à côté de l'autre avec une section transversale arrondie, qui sont assemblés latéralement l'un à l'autre et entre les points culminants (15, 16) desquels est formé un puits, dans lequel
    - les deux couches d'étanchéité (21, 22) s'étendent en ligne droite ou avec une courbure tournée vers l'extérieur des tubes de tunnel (11, 12) entre les points culminants (15, 16) des tubes de tunnel voisins (11, 12); et
    - l'espace intermédiaire entre la partie des couches d'étanchéité (21, 22) reliant les points culminants (15, 16) et le corps en béton (10) est comblé ou enjambé.
  8. Tunnel (100) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une dalle de protection (40) en pièces préfabriquées en béton ou en béton coulé sur place est formée entre les points culminants (15, 16) et au-dessus des couches d'étanchéité (21, 22).
  9. Tunnel (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que des bandes d'étanchéité de la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22) sont posées depuis un point culminant (15, 16) d'une section transversale ronde ou depuis une surélévation sur une section transversale rectangulaire jusqu'à un point de base (14) directement sur le côté extérieur (18) du corps en béton (10).
  10. Système d'étanchéité (20) ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint pour un tunnel réalisé selon une technique de construction ouverte composé d'un corps en béton (10), comprenant au moins
    - une couche d'étanchéité secondaire sous-jacente (22), qui est formée de bandes d'étanchéité, qui se composent respectivement d'au moins une couche textile, qui est chargée d'une bentonite capable de gonfler; et
    - une couche d'étanchéité primaire (21), qui est formée par une bande d'étanchéité en matière synthétique posée sur la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22) est formée de bandes d'étanchéité posées avec recouvrement, et
    - les couches d'étanchéité (21, 22) sont recouvertes d'une couche de drainage (25), qui est réalisée sous la forme d'un corps stable à la pression et perméable à l'eau.
  11. Système d'étanchéité (20) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les bandes d'étanchéité de la couche d'étanchéité secondaire (22) présentent sur au moins un bord latéral une couche de poudre de bentonite (23) répandue sur le côté extérieur, qui est fixée par des agents d'adhérence.
  12. Système d'étanchéité (20) selon une revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une dalle de protection (40) constituée de pièces préfabriquées en béton ou de béton coulé sur place est formée au-dessus des couches d'étanchéité (21, 22).
EP17157023.7A 2016-02-25 2017-02-20 Tunnel selon une technique de construction ouverte comprenant au moins un corps en béton et un système d'étanchéité associé ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint Active EP3211140B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016103322 2016-02-25
DE102016111724.2A DE102016111724B4 (de) 2016-02-25 2016-06-27 In offener Bauweise erstelltes Tunnelbauwerk mit wenigstens einem Betonkörper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3211140A1 EP3211140A1 (fr) 2017-08-30
EP3211140B1 true EP3211140B1 (fr) 2019-12-25

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EP17157023.7A Active EP3211140B1 (fr) 2016-02-25 2017-02-20 Tunnel selon une technique de construction ouverte comprenant au moins un corps en béton et un système d'étanchéité associé ne permettant pas à l'eau de passer derrière le joint

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4122992A1 (de) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-28 Naue Fasertechnik Verbesserter verbund im ueberlappungsbereich von vernadelten bentonit-dichtungsmatten
DE19625245A1 (de) 1995-06-12 1998-01-08 Niedlich Thorsten Verfahren zur Herstellung einer aus mehreren Dichtungsbahnen bestehenden prüfbaren Abdichtung im Tunnelbau
US5836717A (en) * 1997-02-25 1998-11-17 Bebo Of America Multi-segment spandrel wall for overfilled arch structures
DE19930701A1 (de) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-11 Max Aicher Recycling Gmbh Wannenkonstruktion für eine Unterführung eines Verkehrsweges

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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