EP3210230B1 - Robuster mikroelektromechanischer schalter - Google Patents

Robuster mikroelektromechanischer schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3210230B1
EP3210230B1 EP15805568.1A EP15805568A EP3210230B1 EP 3210230 B1 EP3210230 B1 EP 3210230B1 EP 15805568 A EP15805568 A EP 15805568A EP 3210230 B1 EP3210230 B1 EP 3210230B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conducting membrane
deformable conducting
deformable
supply line
membrane
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EP15805568.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3210230A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Blondy
Romain STEFANINI
Ling Yan ZHANG
Abedel Halim ZAHR
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Airmems
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Airmems
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
    • H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
    • H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
    • H01H2059/0072—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics with stoppers or protrusions for maintaining a gap, reducing the contact area or for preventing stiction between the movable and the fixed electrode in the attracted position

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and relates in particular to a microelectromechanical switch.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • Radio frequency microelectromechanical systems allow switching operations for applications addressing a wide range of frequencies (DC-100 GHz). Their competitive advantage in terms of performance and low power consumption compared to their size make them a very popular component for system manufacturers.
  • the present invention relates to a robust microelectromechanical switch, the structure of which guarantees reduced temperature sensitivity and allows stable electrical contact with limited sticking phenomena, while guaranteeing the performance inherent in RF MEMS technology.
  • the end of the signal supply line is to the right of the contact pad means that the signal supply line extends slightly under the deformable conductive membrane, beyond the contact pad so that the latter can enter in contact with the signal supply line when the deformable conductive membrane deforms.
  • the activation electrode and the deformable conductive membrane have the same or substantially the same shape means that the projection of the shape of the deformable conductive membrane in the plane of the substrate is the same or almost identical to that of the d electrode. 'activation, with adjustments due to the fact that the activation electrode must not come into contact with the anchors or the signal supply line.
  • the acute radial opening formed in the deformable conductive membrane makes it possible to have the minimum surface area of the signal supply line opposite the deformable conductive membrane, which makes it possible to reduce the electrical capacitance between the supply line of signal and the deformable conductive membrane, thus ensuring good isolation of the switch.
  • the acute angle may for example be between 5 ° and 135 °, preferably 50 °, without these values being limiting.
  • the deformable conductive membrane thus has the shape of a circular diagram with an acute sector representing the radial opening and a complementary sector representing the deformable conductive membrane.
  • the activation electrode and the deformable conductive membrane have substantially the same shape and are located one above the other makes it possible to generate a maximum of attraction force.
  • the contact area "contact pad / signal supply line” is surrounded by the activation electrode through the radial opening, which allows the generation of a high localized contact force and ensures stability of the contact resistance during activation.
  • the shape of the deformable conductive membrane and its thickness with regard to the maximum displacement limit the permanent deformations thereof and ensure better thermal stability.
  • the surface surrounding the contact pad facing the signal supply line is larger and therefore the surface attracted by the activation electrode is larger. This feature confers a greater activation force and ensures better stability of the electrical contact when the switch is activated.
  • an anchor is formed in the median axis of the radial opening.
  • two anchors are formed symmetrically with respect to the median axis of the radial opening, on a circle with the same center as the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane, the angle formed on the circle with the same center that the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane between each anchoring and the median axis of the radial opening being at most 30 °.
  • the other anchors are formed symmetrically with respect to this median axis.
  • This alignment makes it possible to concentrate the mechanically weakest zone in the vicinity of the contact pad.
  • At least one opening is formed on the deformable conductive membrane between two diametrically opposed anchors on a circle of the same center as the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane.
  • louvers make it possible to accommodate the deformation of the component at high temperature during packaging for example, but also to reduce the activation voltage of the component.
  • a louver is formed on the deformable conductive membrane in the vicinity of each anchorage, the louvers being formed on the contour of a circle with the same center as the circle circumscribed on the deformable conductive membrane and, preferably, of lower radius at least the width of the hearing.
  • the orifice (s) can pass through the thickness of the deformable conductive membrane.
  • the contact pad is slightly eccentric from the weakest mechanical part of the deformable conductive membrane (that is to say located at a distance from the center of the deformable conductive membrane of less than 30% of the radius of the deformable conductive membrane). This slightly eccentric position of the contact pad limits sticking phenomena.
  • through holes are formed on a circle with the same center as the circle circumscribed on the deformable conductive membrane.
  • the hole or holes pass through the thickness of the deformable conductive membrane and promote the release process during the manufacturing step, without modifying the electrical and mechanical properties of the component.
  • one or more stop pads are formed on the lower surface of the deformable conductive membrane, each stop pad facing a metal island electrically isolated from the activation electrode.
  • the stop pads make it possible to limit the deformation of the deformable conductive membrane and to ensure electrical insulation between the deformable conductive membrane and the activation electrode, which ensures greater longevity of the component, and also prevents sticking of the deformable conductive membrane on the activation electrode.
  • the contact pad and where appropriate the stop pads, are made of a metal from the platinum group or their oxides or both.
  • a metal from the platinum group makes it possible to obtain a contact pad, if necessary stop pads, of high hardness, capable of withstanding mechanical shocks due to the closing of the switch. Also, they ensure better temperature resistance of the microelectromechanical switch of the invention during the passage of high currents in the contact pad for example.
  • the deformable conductive membrane is made of a multi-layer combining dielectric layers and metal layers.
  • the deformable conductive membrane is made of gold, or is a metal alloy or a set of layers comprising at least one conductor.
  • the activation electrode is made of gold or any other conductive or semiconductor material.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical switch
  • the microelectromechanical switch 1 is formed on a substrate S, and mainly comprises a deformable conductive membrane 2, an activation electrode 3, a signal supply line 4 and a signal output line 5.
  • the signal supply line 4, the signal output line 5 and the activation electrode are formed on the substrate S.
  • the deformable conductive membrane 2 is planar, generally round in shape, with a radial opening 2a in the direction of the signal feed line 4, tapering from the periphery towards the center of the deformable conductive membrane 2.
  • the conductive membrane deformable 2 is formed suspended above the activation electrode 3, by means of anchors 6, distributed around its periphery, so as to concentrate the zone of lowest stiffness of the deformable conductive membrane 2 at the level of the pad contact with the signal supply line 4 (described below) located at a distance from the top of the radial opening less than 30% of the radius of the deformable conductive membrane 2.
  • One of the anchors 6 is located in the extension of the signal supply line 4, and allows a conductive connection to be made between the deformable conductive membrane 2 and the signal output line 5.
  • the other anchors 6 are distributed in pairs, opposite with respect to the center of the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane 2. It should be noted that, although the embodiment shown has five anchors 6, the invention is not limited in this regard within the scope of the present invention.
  • the number of anchors is odd, one of the anchors 6 therefore being located on the median axis of the radial opening 2a, in the extension of the signal supply line 4.
  • Each anchor 6 is constituted by a tab extending perpendicularly to the surface of the deformable conductive membrane 2, towards the substrate S, said tab extending along two tabs 6a, framing a block 6b integral with the substrate S, the two tabs 6a being suspended in the same plane as the deformable conductive membrane 2, ensuring optimum distribution of stresses during the rise in temperature.
  • Louvers 7 are formed on the deformable conductive membrane 2, in front of each anchor 6, the louvers 7 being aligned on a circle with the same center as the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane 2.
  • holes 8 are formed on a smaller circle, having the same center as the circle circumscribing the deformable conductive membrane 2. These holes are optional in the context of the invention.
  • the lower surface of the deformable conductive membrane 2, facing the activation electrode 3, carries a contact pad 9, near the top of the opening 2a, intended, under deformation of the membrane deformable conductor 2 by the activation electrode 3, to come into contact with the end of the signal supply line 4.
  • Stop pads 10, formed on substantially the same circles as the holes 8 and the openings 7, are formed on the lower surface of the conductive membrane deformable 2, their role being described in more detail below.
  • the activation electrode 3 has substantially the same shape as the deformable conductive membrane 2, and surrounds the end of the signal supply line 4.
  • stop pads 10 and the islands 3a The role of the stop pads 10 and the islands 3a is to allow, during the deformation of the deformable conductive membrane 2 attracted by the activation electrode, to limit the deformation of the deformable conductive membrane 2 by contact with the pads d. 'stop 10 on islets 3a. Although the presence of islands 3a and stop pads 10 is preferred, since it limits the deformation of the deformable conductive membrane 2 and enables them to be electrically isolated, a switch not having these also comes within the scope of the present invention. invention, which is not limited in this regard.
  • the substantially identical shapes of the deformable conductive membrane 2 and of the activation electrode 3 make it possible to guarantee a homogeneous and uniform deformation while ensuring the generation of a high electrostatic force.
  • the general shape of the microelectromechanical switch 1 according to the invention, round with an opening 2a on the signal supply line 4, makes it possible to guarantee a significant contact force, located in the center of the circle due to the position of the anchors and of the shape of the membrane, which guarantees an electrically stable contact with the end of the signal supply line 4.
  • the opening 2a also makes it possible to limit the surface of the deformable conductive membrane 2, facing the current supply line 4, which reduces the electrical couplings between them.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 illustrate the two positions, respectively open and closed, of the microelectromechanical switch 1 according to the invention.
  • the contact pad 9 is in contact with the end of the signal supply line 4, the stop pads 10 being in contact with the islands 3a.
  • the microelectromechanical switch 1 is closed, the signal passes between the signal input line 4 and the signal output line 5.
  • the substrate is advantageously silicon.
  • the activation electrode is advantageously made of gold, but can also be any other conductive or semiconductor material.
  • the deformable conductive membrane 2 is advantageously made of gold, but can also be a metal alloy or a set of layers comprising at least one conductor.
  • the contact pads 9 and stop 10 are formed integrally with the deformable conductive membrane 2. They can advantageously be covered with a harder material to increase their resistance.
  • a switch according to the invention is inscribed in a circle with a radius of 140 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the switch is 7 ⁇ m, its pull-down voltage is 55V, its restoring force is 1.8 mN, and its contact force is between 2 and 4 mN at 70 V .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (MEMS) (1), umfassend:
    - ein Substrat (S),
    - eine Signaleingangsleitung (4), die auf dem Substrat (S) gebildet ist,
    - eine Signalausgangsleitung (5), die auf dem Substrat (S) gebildet ist,
    - eine verformbare leitende Membran (2) in leitender Verbindung mit der Signalausgangsleitung (5),wobei die verformbare leitende Membran (2)auf einer Ebene parallel zu derjenigen des Substrats (S) durch Verankerungen (6), die auf dem Substrat (S) angeordnet sind, hängt, wobei die verformbare leitende Membran (2) ein Kontaktstück (9) gegenüber der Signaleingangsleitung (4) umfasst, so dass in einem nicht verformten Zustand der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2)das Kontaktstück (9) nicht in Kontakt mit der Signaleingangsleitung (4) ist, und dass in einem verformten Zustand der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2)das Kontaktstück (9) in Kontakt mit der Signaleingangsleitung (4) ist, um ein Signal von der Signaleingangsleitung (4) zur Signalausgangsleitung (5) passieren zu lassen,
    - eine Aktivierungselektrode (3), die auf dem Substrat (S) unter der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) gebildet ist, wobei die Aktivierungselektrode (3) ausgelegt ist, um die verformbare leitende Membran (2) zu Verformen, um einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen dem Kontaktstück (9) der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2)und der Signaleingangsleitung (4) durchzuführen,
    - wobei die verformbare leitende Membran (2)eine abgerundete, ebene Form aufweist, wobei die Verankerungen (6) an ihrem Umfang derart angeordnet sind, dass sie eine geringere Steifheit in der zentralen Region der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) konzentrieren, wobei eine radiale Öffnung (2a) einen spitzen Winkel in der Richtung der Signaleingangsleitung (4) bildet, die sich vom Umfang hin zum Zentrum der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) verringert, wobei das Kontaktstück (9)in der zentralen Region der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) derart gebildet ist, dass das Ende der Signaleingangsleitung (4)senkrecht über dem Kontaktstück (9) ist,
    - wobei die Aktivierungselektrode (3) die gleiche Form wie die verformbare leitende Membran (2) aufweist, die auf dem Substrat (S) das Ende der Signaleingangsleitung (4) umgibt, und
    - der Raum zwischen der unteren Fläche der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) gegenüber der Aktivierungselektrode (3) und der Aktivierungselektrode (3) ausschließlich ein Luftraum ist.
  2. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Verankerung (6) in der mittleren Achse der radialen Öffnung (2a) gebildet ist.
  3. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Verankerungen symmetrisch mit Bezug auf die mittlere Achse der radialen Öffnung (2a) auf einem Kreis mit gleichem Zentrum wie dem Kreis gebildet sind, der die verformbare leitende Membran (2) umbeschreibt, wobei der Winkel, gebildet auf dem Kreis mit gleichem Zentrum wie der Kreis, der die verformbare leitende Membran (2) umbeschreibt, zwischen jeder Verankerungund der mittleren Achse der radialen Öffnung (2a)maximal 30° aufweist.
  4. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die anderen Verankerungen (6) symmetrisch mit Bezug aufdiemittlere Achse der radialen Öffnung (2a) gebildet sind.
  5. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Schlitz (7)auf der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2)zwischen zwei Verankerungen (6)diametral gegenüberliegend auf einem Kreis mit gleichem Zentrum wie der Kreis, der die verformbare leitende Membran (2) umbeschreibt, gebildet ist.
  6. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Schlitz (7) auf der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2)benachbart jeder Verankerung (6) gebildet ist, wobei die Schlitze (7)auf dem Umfang eines Kreises mit gleichem Zentrum wie der Kreis, der die verformbare leitende Membran (2) umbeschreibt, gebildet sind.
  7. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Schlitz (e) (7) die Dicke der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) durchqueren.
  8. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Durchgangslöcher (8) auf einem Kreis mit gleichem Zentrum wie der Kreis, der die verformbare leitende Membran (2) umbeschreibt, gebildet sind.
  9. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einer oder mehrere Haltebolzen (10)auf der unteren Fläche der verformbaren leitenden Membran (2) gebildet sind, wobei jeder Haltebolzen (10)gegenüber einer metallischen Insel (3a) liegt, die elektrisch von der Aktivierungselektrode (3) isoliert ist.
  10. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kontaktstück (9) und gegebenenfalls die Haltebolzen (10) aus einem Metall der Gruppe von Platin oder seinen Oxiden oder beiden besteht.
  11. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die verformbare leitende Membran (2)aus Gold ist oder eine Legierung aus Metallen oder eine Einheit von Schichten ist, die mindestens einen Leiter umfassen.
  12. Mikroelektromechanischer Schalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aktivierungselektrode (3) aus Gold oder jedem anderen leitenden oder halbleitenden Material ist.
EP15805568.1A 2014-10-21 2015-10-19 Robuster mikroelektromechanischer schalter Active EP3210230B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1460104A FR3027448B1 (fr) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 Commutateur microelectromecanique robuste
PCT/FR2015/052802 WO2016062956A1 (fr) 2014-10-21 2015-10-19 Commutateur microelectromecanique robuste

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3210230A1 EP3210230A1 (de) 2017-08-30
EP3210230B1 true EP3210230B1 (de) 2020-12-30

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US10121623B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3210230B1 (de)
CN (1) CN107078000B (de)
ES (1) ES2863098T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3027448B1 (de)
IL (1) IL251793B (de)
WO (1) WO2016062956A1 (de)

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FR3051784B1 (fr) 2016-05-24 2018-05-25 Airmems Membrane mems a ligne de transmission integree
FR3074793B1 (fr) * 2017-12-12 2021-07-16 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif microelectromecanique et/ou nanoelectromecanique offrant une robustesse augmentee
FR3098340B1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2022-03-25 Airmems Commutateur de puissance, large bande hautes frequences et dispositif integrant des commutateurs de puissance

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107078000B (zh) 2019-06-18
FR3027448B1 (fr) 2016-10-28
ES2863098T3 (es) 2021-10-08
IL251793A0 (en) 2017-06-29
WO2016062956A1 (fr) 2016-04-28
US10121623B2 (en) 2018-11-06
EP3210230A1 (de) 2017-08-30
US20170316907A1 (en) 2017-11-02
FR3027448A1 (fr) 2016-04-22
CN107078000A (zh) 2017-08-18
IL251793B (en) 2021-02-28

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