EP3183813A1 - Duplexer - Google Patents
DuplexerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3183813A1 EP3183813A1 EP15734370.8A EP15734370A EP3183813A1 EP 3183813 A1 EP3183813 A1 EP 3183813A1 EP 15734370 A EP15734370 A EP 15734370A EP 3183813 A1 EP3183813 A1 EP 3183813A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- resonator
- elements
- impedance
- resonators
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/54—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/542—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material including passive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/54—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/545—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material including active elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/28—Impedance matching networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/18—Networks for phase shifting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/64—Filters using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/6403—Programmable filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/64—Filters using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/6423—Means for obtaining a particular transfer characteristic
- H03H9/6433—Coupled resonator filters
- H03H9/6483—Ladder SAW filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/703—Networks using bulk acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/706—Duplexers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/72—Networks using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/725—Duplexers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
- H04L5/1461—Suppression of signals in the return path, i.e. bidirectional control circuits
Definitions
- duplexer The invention relates to duplexers, e.g. can be used in portable communication devices and have RF filters.
- Portable communications devices such as mobile phones, can now enable communications in a variety different? ⁇ cher frequency bands and in a variety of different transmission systems. To this end, they generally include a large number of RF filters, which are each provided for the corresponding frequency and the corresponding transmission system. Although modern HF filters can now be produced with small dimensions. Due to their large number and the complexity of their interconnection, the front-end modules in which the filters are arranged are nevertheless relatively large and their manufacture is complex and expensive.
- Tunable RF filters are known for example from the documents US 2012/0313731 AI or EP 2530838 AI. In this case, the electro-acoustic properties of working with acoustic waves resonators are varied by tunable impedance elements. From the article "Reconfigurable Multiband SAW Filters for LTE Applications", IEEE SiRF 2013, pp. 153-155, by Lu et al., Switches are reconfigurable by means of switches. The problem, however, at known tunable RF filters in particular that the vote itself changes important own sheep ⁇ th of the filters. To change z. B. the insertion loss, the input impedance and / or the output impedance.
- the duplexer includes a Tx filter and an Rx filter.
- the Tx filter comprises series-connected basic elements, each with an electro-acoustic resonator, and series-connected impedance converters are connected between the base elements.
- the RX filter includes series-connected basic elements, each with ⁇ wells an electro-acoustic resonator and in series between the basic elements interconnected impedance converter.
- the impedance converters in the Tx filter are impedance inverters.
- the resonators of the basic elements in the Tx filter are only series resonators.
- the impedance converters in the Rx filter are admittance inverters.
- the resonators of the fundamental elements in the Rx filter are only parallel resonators.
- the Tx filter and the Rx filter are RF filters.
- Base members in RF filters are for example of ladder-type structures are known where a base member comprises a series resonator and the parallel resonator ei ⁇ NEN.
- Several such basic elements connected in series essentially cause the filter effect, if the resonant frequencies and the Antiresonanz- frequencies of the series or parallel resonators are suitably matched to each other.
- the basic elements present here can be regarded approximately as halved basic elements of a ladder-type circuit.
- Impedance inverters or admittance inverters may be used as impedance converters. While an impedance transformer transforms any transformation of a load impedance into an input impedance, the effect of the impedance inverters or admittance inverters is clearly concretized. Impedance inverter or admittance inverter can be described as follows with the means for two-core.
- the chain matrix with the matrix elements A, B, C, D describes the effect of a two-port, which is gangstor connected with its off ⁇ to a load, by pretending as an incidental to a load voltage U L and a current flowing through a load current I L was transformed into a voltage U IN applied to the input port and a current I IN flowing into the input port:
- the impedance Z is defined as the relationship between voltage and current:
- Tuning the RF filter has. It has also been found that the vote exerts less influence on these parameters ⁇ if only one type of resonators is present. Thus, if only series resonators or only parallel resonators are present, the RF filter behaves more stable in tuning with respect to the insertion loss, the input impedance and / or the output impedance. It has also been found that the above impedance converters are suitable for making series resonators appear as parallel resonators and vice versa. In particular, a series connection of two impedance inverters with a series resonator in between looks like a parallel resonator for its circuit environment. A series connection of two admittance inverters with a parallel resonator in between looks like a series resonator for its circuit environment.
- Such filters do not require parallel resonators. If the filters are configured as bandpass filters or bandstop filters, then these iA have a steep right flank. The filter can be used in a duplexer. Because of the steep right flank preferred as a transmission filter. Namely, when the transmission tape is below the receiving band. If the relative arrangement of transmit band and receive band is reversed, the filter with series resonators is preferably in the receive filter. It is also possible to design the RF filter in such a way that the impedance transformers are admittance inverters and the resonators are parallel resonators. Such filters do not require series resonators. Are the
- Filter designed as a bandpass filter or as a band rejection filter, so these iA have a steep left flank.
- the filter can also be used in a duplexer. Because of the steep left flank preferred as a receive filter. That would be if the reception band is above the transmission band. If the relative arrangement of the transmission band and Emp ⁇ catch tied his reversed, the filter with Serienresonato ⁇ ren is preferably in the transmit filter. It is also possible alternatively that only parallel resonators and the Rx filter appear in the Tx filter only serial Resonato ⁇ ren.
- the impedance converter grasp both capacitive elements and inductive elements as impedance elements to ⁇ . But it is also possible that the impedance converter only capacitive elements or inductive elements only
- the impedance converters consist only of passive circuit elements.
- the impedance converters comprise only a few or no inductive elements, they can easily be realized as structured metallizations in metal layers of a multilayer substrate.
- the impedance converters comprise phase shifter lines in addition to inductive or capacitive elements. But it is also possible that the impedance converter consist of phase shifter lines. Also phase shifter Lines can be integrated into a multi-layer substrate in a simple and compact design.
- the filter is described by a symmetrical Be ⁇ writing matrix B.
- a filter circuit interconnected in series three Resona ⁇ tors Rl, R2, R3 and includes the input side with a source impedance ZS ⁇ and the output side connected to a load impedance ZL, would have the following form:
- K S1 stands for the impedance inverter between the source impedance Z s and the first resonator.
- K 12 stands for the impedance inverter between the first and the second resonator.
- IA the indices of the sizes of the inverters denote the resonators, between which the respective inverters are arranged.
- the filter circuit associated with equation (9) is shown in FIG.
- the resonators are described by sizes on the diagonal of the matrix.
- the impedance converter are directly above by size on the secondary diagonals and be ⁇ inscribed below the diagonal.
- one or both filters a second import pedanzwandler which is ge ⁇ connected in parallel to a segment of the filter, comprising.
- the segment includes a series ⁇ circuit with a basic element and two impedance transformers.
- the description matrix then contains entries that are above the upper or lower side diagonal, respectively.
- At least one of the resonators of the basic elements is tunable.
- SAW resonators come (SAW
- GBAW Guided Bulk Acoustic Wave
- LC LC resonators
- Resonator elements operating with acoustic waves essentially have an equivalent circuit diagram with a parallel circuit from a capacitive element Co on the one hand and a series ⁇ circuit with an inductive element Li and a capacitive element Ci on the other.
- Such a resonator element has its resonance frequency and its anti-resonant frequency
- a resonator with a variable frequency response is formed.
- the resonance frequency depends on Li and Ci but not on Co.
- the anti-resonance depends on ⁇ additionally of co-
- a tunable resonator can comprise a field of resonator elements, of which each element can be coupled to the resonator by means of switches or can be separated from the resonator. It is then an array of m resonator elements per tunable resonator.
- RF filters can build that - can realize m different Filterübertra ⁇ supply curves - depending on active resonator.
- each of the m resonators can be assigned to exactly one filter transmission curve. But it is also possible that a filter transmission curve several simultaneously active resonator elements are arranged to ⁇ .
- m resonator elements allow up to m! (Faculty of m) different filter transfer curves, m can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or even more gen. If the resonator elements are connected in parallel, 2 m different filter transfer curves are possible.
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- GaAs gallium arsenide
- JFET junction fet
- MEMS switches microelectromechanical system
- the tunability of the resonators to compensate for a temperature fluctuation, to adjust the filter with regard to an impedance matching, to adjust the filter with regard to an insertion loss, or to adjust the filter with regard to insulation.
- MIPI Mobile Industry Processor Interface
- one or more impedance transformers comprise or consist of passive impedance elements.
- the impedance ⁇ converter can therefore comprise two parallel capacitive elements and a parallel inductive element.
- transverse ⁇ branches, z. B. to ground meaning that contain a corresponding capacitive or inductive element.
- an impedance converter comprises three parallel capacitive elements.
- an impedance converter comprises three parallel inductive elements.
- an impedance converter summarizes two parallel inductive elements and a capacitive element parallel to ⁇ .
- the duplexer comprises an RF filter configured as follows.
- the RF filter has a Sig ⁇ nalpfad, four capacitive elements in the signal path, six switchable resonators each having a resonator and a thereto in series in a transverse branch to ground 29al ⁇ ended switch, and an inductive element parallel to two of the four capacitive Elements is switched.
- the RF filter can be a TX filter or an RX filter. It is also possible that both TX filters and RX filters are designed accordingly. Subsequently important principles are explained, and a non-exhaustive list of exemplary and schematic ⁇ circuits schematically illustrate key aspects of the RF filter. Show it:
- FIG. 1 shows an HF filter F with three resonators and four impedance transformers
- FIG. 2 shows a filter with three resonators and two impedance transformers
- FIG. 3 shows a duplexer D with a transmission filter TX and a
- Reception filter RX which are connected via an impedance matching ⁇ circuit with an antenna, an RF filter F, in which a series resonator S and peripherally each a series resonator with two impedance converters are connected in the middle, an RF filter F, which only parallel resonators as resonators used, an RF filter F, in which an impedance converter a first Resonator connected directly to a third resonator,
- an HF filter F in which an admittance inverter directly connects a first resonator to a third resonator
- FIGS. 11A to 11F show different embodiments of a
- Figs. 12A to 12F various embodiments of a
- FIGS. 13A to 13C show different levels of abstraction in the design of an HF filter.
- FIG. 14A to 14H Various concrete EMBODIMENTS an RF filter with two tunable Seri ⁇ enresonatoren and three impedance converters,
- FIGS. 15A to 15H show embodiments of an RF filter with two tunable resonators, three impedance transformers and one bridging capacitive one each
- FIG. 17 shows the transmission curves of the RF filter of Figure 16 with tunable impedance elements are changed in its impedance to obtain a new location of the Empire fürlassbe ⁇ B.
- Fig. 18 the admittance (A) of a resonator and the insertion ⁇ attenuation (B) of a respective band-pass filter with admittance inverters
- Fig. 19 The RF filter to Figure 18, wherein the impedance values were varied from ⁇ tunable impedance elements to holding a changed position of the passband to he ⁇
- Fig. 20 insertion loss (B, ⁇ ⁇ ) of an RF filter, in which obtained by tuning of resonators different frequency locations of the passband
- 21 shows different transmission curves (B, ⁇ ) of an HF filter with parallel resonators and admittance inverters, in which different impedance values cause different positions of the passband
- Fig. 22 Insertion losses of a tunable duplexer: The
- Curves Bl and B3 denote a tunable transmission frequency band.
- the curves B2 and B4 represent the insertion losses of an adjustable reception frequency band.
- FIG. 23 shows a possible filter circuit
- FIG. 24 shows a possible form of integration of circuit components in a component
- FIG. 25 Transmission functions of a tunable filter according to FIG. 23.
- FIG. 25 Transmission functions of a tunable filter according to FIG. 23.
- FIG. 1 shows an RF filter circuit F with three resonators and four impedance transformers IW.
- the middle resonator in this case represents a basic element GG.
- the middle resonator may be a parallel resonator P or a series resonator S.
- the two impedance transformers IW which surround the first resonator, cause the resonator to look outwards like a series resonator or as a parallel resonator. If the middle resonator is a parallel resonator, the first resonator can also be a parallel resonator, which looks like a series resonator to the outside.
- the third resonator would be a parallel resonator, which looks like a series resonator to the outside.
- the middle resonator may be a series resonator S.
- a ladder-type similar filter structure can be obtained using the impedance converters IW, although only series resonators or even though parallel resonators are used exclusively.
- Figure 2 shows a filter circuit in which the central resonator is determined by the surrounding impedance converter IW kiert so mas that the filter looks toward the outside as a alternie ⁇ Rende sequence of parallel and series resonators, although is used only one type of resonator ,
- FIG. 3 shows a duplexer D, in which both the transmission filter TX and the reception filter RX comprise series connections of impedance transformers and resonators, which are connected to one another in such a way that only one type of resonator per filter is necessary. Since series resonators are suitable for forming a steep right filter edge of a passband and since transmission frequency bands are generally lower in frequency than the reception frequency bands, it is advantageous to use series resonators in the transmission filter TX. Analogously, parallel resonators would have to be used in the receive filter RX. If the transmission frequency band above the Empfangsfre- quenzbandes so series resonators in the Emp ⁇ collecting filter and the parallel resonators would be advantageous in accordance with the transmission filter.
- the filters TX, RX are connected via an impedance matching circuit IAS with an antenna ANT. From the perspective of Impedanzan ⁇ matching circuit IAS each of the two filter TX, RX looks like a conventional ladder-type filter circuit, so practically no additional effort in designing the other circuit components such as antenna and impedance matching ⁇ circuit is necessary.
- FIG. 4 correspondingly shows an embodiment in which the middle resonator is designed as a series resonator S.
- a serial Resonatorel ⁇ ement can also be used in the two outer resonators, although the combination of converters impedance and looks like a series resonator towards the outside parallel resonator P and its appearance.
- impedance inverter K are preferably used.
- Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a
- the RF filter F in which only parallel resonators are used.
- admittance inverters J as embodiments of the impedance transducers IW, the two outer parallel resonators appear as series resonators S.
- a parallel resonator P the RF filter F forms a quasi-ladder-type structure.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the two outer resonators are connected directly via a further impedance converter, for example a second impedance converter.
- a further impedance converter for example a second impedance converter.
- the direct connection of the outer resonators via a further impedance converter represents a new degree of freedom, via which an HF filter can be further optimized.
- Figure 7 shows an example of an embodiment of an RF filter F, which uses parallel resonators and admittance inverter J.
- the two outer resonators directly interconnected via another admittance inverter J with each other.
- Figure 8 shows a possible embodiment of an RF filter in which the resonators are tunable.
- FIG 9 shows a possible embodiment of a abstimmba ⁇ ren resonator R.
- the resonator R comprising a Resonatorele ⁇ element RE.
- the resonator element RE can be a resonator element operating with acoustic waves.
- Parallel to the resonator element RE is a capacitive element CE 29al ⁇ tet.
- another capacitive element CE is connected.
- the two capacitive Ele ⁇ mente CE are tunable, ie their capacity to be Set Default.
- the capacity can be set continuously or in discrete values.
- FIG. 9B shows an alternative possibility of a resonator R, in which the series connection of a tunable capacitive element CE with a resonator element RE is connected in series with a tunable inductive element IE.
- Figure 9C shows a possible embodiment of a abstimmba ⁇ R ren resonator in which a resonator element RE connected in parallel with a tunable inductive element IE. This parallel circuit is connected in series with a tunable capacitive element CE.
- FIG. 9D shows a further alternative embodiment for a tunable resonator R.
- the parallel circuit is connected in series with a tunable inductive element IE.
- Figure 9E shows a further alternative embodiment of a tunable resonator in which a resonator RE le ⁇ diglich is connected in parallel with a tunable capacitive element CE.
- FIG. 9F shows a further alternative embodiment of a tunable resonator R.
- a resonator element RE is connected in parallel to a tunable inductive element IE.
- FIGS. 9E and 9F show relatively simple embodiments of a tunable resonator R.
- FIGS. 9A to 9D show embodiments of a tunable resonator R, which permit further degrees of freedom in tuning by means of another tunable element.
- the embodiments shown may be connected in series or in parallel with other capacitive and inductive elements of fixed impedance or variable impedance to provide additional degrees of freedom, e.g. For a broader tuning range.
- FIG. 9G shows an embodiment of a tunable resonator R, in which the resonator element RE is connected in parallel to a series connection, comprising an inductive element IE and a tunable capacitive element CE.
- FIG. 9H shows an embodiment of a tunable resonator R, in which the resonator element RE is connected in parallel with a parallel connection comprising an inductive element IE and a tunable capacitive element CE.
- FIG. 91 shows an embodiment of a tunable resonator R, in which the resonator element RE is connected in series to a series connection comprising an inductive element IE and a tunable capacitive element CE.
- Figure 9J illustrates an embodiment of a tunable resonator R, wherein the resonator element RE on the one hand in Se ⁇ rie to a series connection of switches comprising an inductive element IE and a tunable capacitive element CE comparable, and on the other hand parallel to a Parallelverschal ⁇ tung, comprising a inductive element IE and a Abstimmba ⁇ res capacitive element CE, is connected.
- Figure 9K illustrates an embodiment of a tunable re sonators R, wherein the resonator element RE on the one hand in Se ⁇ rie to a series connection comprising a tunable inductance element IE and a tunable capacitive Ele ⁇ element CE, connected on the other hand parallel to a Pa ⁇ rallelverscnies comprising a tunable inductive element IE and a tunable capacitive element CE, ver ⁇ is switched.
- the resonator element may be connected in series with a series network and in parallel with a parallel network.
- the series network and the parallel network can each comprise impedance elements of fixed or variable impedance.
- Figure 10 shows an additional possible embodiment ei ⁇ nes tunable resonator R, which comprises a large number of resonator elements RE and a plurality of switches SW environmentally.
- Figure 10A shows resonator RE, which are connected in Se rie ⁇ in the signal path SP. In order for a voting ⁇ Barer series resonator is shown. By individually opening and closing the individual switches SW, individually adjustable resonator elements RE can be coupled into the signal path SP. If the tunable resonator R in FIG. 10A comprises resonator elements RE, then 2 m different switching states can be obtained.
- FIG. 10B shows an embodiment of a tunable resonator R, in which resonator elements convey the signal path SP
- FIGS I IA to 11F indicate various embodiments of an impedance inverter.
- FIG. 11A thus shows a form of an impedance converter, which represents an impedance inverter.
- Two capacitive Ele ⁇ elements are connected in series in the signal path.
- a kapaziti ⁇ ves element connected to the common circuit node of the two capacitive elements in the signal path to ground.
- the ka ⁇ pazitiven elements in the signal path obtained by calculation, a negative capacitance -C.
- the capacitive element in the parallel path to ground is calculated to have a positive capacitance C.
- the capacity values only result from the calculation rules for two goals. Therefore, the T-circuit shown in Figure IA does not need to be so implemented in a circuit environment. Rather kön- NEN the capacitive elements of negative capacity in the series path with further capacitive elements of positive capacity, which are additionally connected in the series path, are combinatorial ⁇ defined, so that overall each of one or more elements ka ⁇ pazitive positive capacity can be obtained.
- Figure HB shows a T-circuit of inductive elements, wherein the two inductive elements, which are connected in series in the signal path, have purely formally have a negative inductance.
- Figure HC shows a form of an impedance inverter having as a pi circuit with a capacitive element of negative capacitance in the series path and two capacitive elements of positive capacitance in each case a parallel path.
- Figure HD shows an embodiment of a pi-form impedance inverter in which the inductance of the inductive element in the signal path is negative. The inductances of inductive Elements in the corresponding two parallel paths are positive.
- Figure 11E shows an embodiment of an impedance inverter with a phase shifter circuit and an inductance element of the inductance L.
- the phase shift circuit preferably has the characteristic impedance of the signal line ⁇ Zo.
- the phase offset ⁇ by the phase shifter circuit is set appropriately.
- FIG 11E shows an alternative exporting Figure 11F ⁇ approximate shape, wherein the inductive element is replaced by a kapaziti ⁇ ves element of the capacity C.
- FIGS. 12A to 12F show embodiments of an admittance inverter.
- FIG. 12A shows an embodiment of an admittance inverter in T configuration, in which the two capacitive elements in the series path have positive capacitances.
- the kapa ⁇ zitive element in the parallel path nominally has a negative capacitance.
- FIG. 12B shows an embodiment of an admittance inverter in T-configuration, where two inductive signals are present in the signal path Elements of the inductance L are connected in series. In ei ⁇ nem parallel path, connected to the two electrodes of the inductive elements to ground, an inductive element with the ne ⁇ gativen inductance L is connected.
- FIG. 12C shows an embodiment of an admittance inverter in pi configuration, wherein the two capacitive elements in the two parallel paths have a negative capacitance.
- the capacitive element in the signal path has a positive capacitance.
- FIG. 12D shows an embodiment of an admittance inverter in Pi configuration with three inductive elements.
- the inductive element in the series path has a positive inductance.
- the two inductive elements in the two parallel paths each have a negative inductance.
- FIG. 12E shows an embodiment of an admittance inverter in which an inductive element with a positive inductance L is connected between two segments of a phase shifter circuit. Each segment of the phase shifter circuit has a characteristic impedance Zo and shifts the phase appropriately.
- Figure 12F shows an execution ⁇ form an admittance inverter which is also based on phase shifting circuits ⁇ . Between two segments of a phase shifter circuit, a capacitive element with posi ⁇ tive capacitance C is connected.
- Figure 13 shows the use of tunable resonators R together with impedance converters IW.
- the resonator can be a series resonator.
- impedance Inverters K as impedance converter IW results in a combination of two impedance converters IW and a series resonator interconnected therebetween as a whole a parallel resonator.
- the impedance converters IW of FIG. 13A are replaced by impedance inverters, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 1A to 11F, for example, FIG.
- I IA the circuit structure of Figure 13B is obtained.
- the capacity elements with negative capacity seem problematic.
- the resonators R themselves have capacitive elements of positive capacitance there is no need for capacitive elements with negative capacitance connected directly to the resonator elements. This is shown in FIG. 13C.
- FIG. 14A thus shows an HF filter circuit with two tunable resonators and three impedance elements whose impedance is chosen so that one of the two resonators acts as a parallel resonator.
- Figure 14A therefore essentially shows a basic element of a ladder-type filter circuit, although only series resonators are used.
- Figure 14B shows an alternative to the RF filter of Figure 14A, because the inductive element L between the resonators is replaced by a capacitive element C and the capacitive element in the load-side parallel path is replaced by an inductive element.
- Figure 14C shows another embodiment of an RF filter having two resonators, three inductive elements each ⁇ wells connected a parallel path are.
- Figure 14D shows a possible embodiment of an RF filter, in which the left two impedance elements are formed by in ⁇ duktive elements and the right impedance element by a ka ⁇ pazitives element.
- Figure 14E shows an embodiment in which the outer two impedance elements are gebil ⁇ det by inductive elements and the central impedance element through a capacitive element.
- Figure 14F shows an embodiment in which the right two impedance elements are formed by capacitive elements and the left impedance element by an inductive element.
- Figure 14G shows an embodiment in which the right two impedance elements are formed by inductive elements and the left impedance element by a capacitive element.
- FIGS. 15A to 15H show further alternatives of the RF filters of FIGS. 14A to 14H, wherein a further impedance element directly interconnects the signal input and the signal output.
- a bridging capacitive element a bridging inductive element or other embodiments of impedance transformers can be used.
- FIG. 16 shows the admittance of a resonator (curve A) and the transfer function of an HF filter with one
- Resonator (curve B).
- Serial capacitive elements have a value of 2.4 pF.
- Parallel capacitive elements have a value of 0.19 pF.
- Figure 17 shows the corresponding curves wherein serial tunable capacitances have been set to a capacitance value of 30 pF and parallel tunable capacitances to a capacitance value of 3.7 pF.
- the impedance converters of the filters associated with FIGS. 16 and 17 are impedance inversors.
- the resonators are series resonators.
- FIG. 18 shows the characteristic curves of a filter in which serial tunable capacitances have a value of 2.4 pF and parallel tunable capacitive elements have a value of 0.19 pF.
- FIG. 19 shows the respective curves of the RF filter in which the serial tunable capacitances have a value of 30 pF and the parallel tunable capacitances have a value of 3.7 pF.
- FIG. 20 shows insertion losses of bandpass filters with admittance inverters and parallel resonators.
- the filter has tunable resonators are tuned by adjustable Kapazitä ⁇ th capacitive elements once on the receiving tape 17 or strip. 5
- the resonators include here shown with ⁇ means of switches can be coupled resonator as in Fig. 10B.
- FIG. 21 shows transmission curves of an HF filter with impedance inverters and series resonators, wherein the tunable values are tuned once to the transmission frequencies of the band 17 and once to the transmission frequencies of the band 5.
- the resonators comprise resonator elements that can be coupled by means of switches, as shown in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 22 shows the insertion losses of the receive filters of a tunable duplexer, once tuned to band 17 and once to band 15.
- Fig. 23 shows a possible embodiment of the RF filter.
- the signal path SP four capacitive elements in series are ver ⁇ on.
- a switching ⁇ Barer resonator is ever connected.
- Each of the switchable resonators comprises a resonator element and a switch connected in series therewith.
- An inductive element is connected in parallel with two of the four capacitive elements.
- FIG. 24 shows how circuit components of the filter circuit can advantageously be integrated in a multilayer module.
- MIM metal metal insulator
- FIG. 25 shows calculated transmission curves for the bands 34 and 39, between which switches can be switched over.
- RF filter or duplexer having RF filters can further comprise additional resonators or impedance elements, in particular from ⁇ tunable impedance elements comprise.
- IAS impedance matching circuit
- IW impedance converter
- RE resonator element
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014111901.0A DE102014111901B4 (de) | 2014-08-20 | 2014-08-20 | Duplexer |
PCT/EP2015/065368 WO2016026606A1 (de) | 2014-08-20 | 2015-07-06 | Duplexer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3183813A1 true EP3183813A1 (de) | 2017-06-28 |
EP3183813B1 EP3183813B1 (de) | 2021-08-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
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EP15734370.8A Active EP3183813B1 (de) | 2014-08-20 | 2015-07-06 | Duplexer |
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US (1) | US10911022B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3183813B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6453912B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN106716829B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014111901B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016026606A1 (de) |
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WO2020059352A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | フィルタ装置ならびにそれを用いた高周波フロントエンド回路および通信装置 |
US11177837B1 (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-11-16 | Apple Inc. | Duplexer with impedance inverters |
US20220029646A1 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-01-27 | Corning Research & Development Corporation | Radio frequency transceiver filter circuit having inter-stage impedance matching |
KR102340115B1 (ko) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-12-15 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | 주파수 선택도를 갖는 임의의 종단 임피던스 정합회로가 적용된 무선 통신 무선 전단부 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2016026606A1 (de) | 2016-02-25 |
US10911022B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
JP2017526201A (ja) | 2017-09-07 |
DE102014111901A1 (de) | 2016-02-25 |
DE102014111901B4 (de) | 2019-05-23 |
CN106716829B (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
CN106716829A (zh) | 2017-05-24 |
US20170155374A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
JP6453912B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
EP3183813B1 (de) | 2021-08-18 |
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