EP3167040B1 - Procédé de lavage - Google Patents

Procédé de lavage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3167040B1
EP3167040B1 EP15735698.1A EP15735698A EP3167040B1 EP 3167040 B1 EP3167040 B1 EP 3167040B1 EP 15735698 A EP15735698 A EP 15735698A EP 3167040 B1 EP3167040 B1 EP 3167040B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
washing
liquor
microemulsion
water
sub
Prior art date
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EP15735698.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3167040A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Schmiedel
Michael Dreja
Christian Nitsch
Arnd Kessler
Benoit Luneau
Reinhard Strey
Anna KLEMMER
Thorsten Bastigkeit
Thomas Müller-Kirschbaum
Nicole BODE
Iwona Spill
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
    • C11D17/0021—Aqueous microemulsions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • D06F35/006—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
    • C11D2111/12—Soft surfaces, e.g. textile
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/02—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents
    • D06F39/022—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents in a liquid state

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a textile washing process, which is carried out to form a microemulsion or a microemulsion system, and the washing liquor used for this purpose.
  • any washing process aims at removing at least hydrophobic portions of the stains.
  • a thermodynamically attractive environment for these soils must be created.
  • a washing process is known in which the detergent is dispersed in less water than in conventional processes and thus the laundry is contacted with a less dilute wash liquor at a greater ratio of the dry fabric amount to the amount of water.
  • the detergent formulation itself has no special requirements.
  • the ratio of the weight of the dry laundry amount to the weight of the water amount is 1: 2 to 4: 1.
  • a washing process is known in which in at least 2 successive Unterwaschzyklen the laundry in the first sub-washing cycle with a more concentrated detergent composition than in a second sub-wash cycle.
  • a wash cycle is the period from the creation of a wash liquor to the removal of the wash liquor from the washing machine.
  • a wash cycle may be subdivided into sub-wash cycles whereby at the end of the first sub-wash cycle the wash liquor is not removed but at the beginning of the second cycle new, additional water is fed into the already existing wash liquor. It is preferred that the first sub-washing cycle lasts longer than the second.
  • the detergent formulation itself has no special requirements.
  • the WO 2012/048911 A discloses a washing process in a washing machine, wherein the cleaning agents and possibly various cleaning agents or components thereof are sprayed into the interior of the washing machine.
  • the process and control of the machine are designed to consume significantly less water during cleaning and flushing than conventional processes. Further requirements for the cleaning agents, with the exception of the property that they must be sprayable, are not provided.
  • microemulsions are thermodynamically stable emulsions and have extremely low interfacial tensions.
  • a person skilled in the art also knows that in order to remove dirt, the interfacial tension between water and the fat component of the soiling must be lowered.
  • the WO 2013/110682 A describes detergents, in particular for manual dishwashing, but also for the pretreatment of laundry, wherein the compositions contain 1 to 50% by weight of anionic surfactants and 1 to 36% by weight of salts and which on contact with oils and / or fats spontaneously form a microemulsion form.
  • microemulsions which 1 to 50 wt .-% anionic surfactants, 1 to 36 wt .-% salts, 10 to 80 wt .-% water and 10 to 80 wt .-% of at least one triglyceride or a mixture of a triglyceride and a or more components from the group consisting of waxes, lipids, terpenes, triterpenes and fatty acids.
  • the formation of the microemulsion takes place in situ with the triglycerides or triglyceride-containing mixtures present on the surface to be cleaned.
  • EP-A-1371718 discloses polymeric nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm which are included as fabric care additives in detergent formulations to improve properties such as softening, wrinkle resistance, soil and stain removal, soil release, dye transfer, dye fixation, static control and anti-foaming , are suitable.
  • the nanoparticles can be used with silicone compounds in the detergent formulation, or can be functionalized with silicone groups to extend significantly different fabric care properties of the formulations.
  • US-A-4655952 teaches a detergent and a process for its preparation, the detergent for textile surfaces, in particular of textile floor coverings.
  • the product contains a powdered, porous carrier of a foamed, plasticized urea-formaldehyde resin foam enriched with detergent and contains a hydrous surfactant which adheres to the carrier material, the water in the carrier material adhering completely homogeneously.
  • JP-A-04241165 relates to the treatment of a dyed natural fiber material having an appearance similar to that of a stone-washed fabric while avoiding the deficiencies of the stone-wash treatment and discloses the treatment of indigo-dyed denim clothing by stirring and washing in water or in an aqueous solution of a detergent Frictional contact with solid rubber balls and 10-50 wt .-% of an abrasive such as MgO with a particle size of 60-200 mesh.
  • DE-A-1 900 002 discloses solid detergents, surfactants, detergents, non-surface active cleaning salts and laundry additives containing polymers of vinyl compounds having an average particle size of less than 1 mm.
  • WO-A-01/71083 discloses a washing machine having a drum for receiving articles to be washed, the drum having at least two rotatable drum sections and a drive, the drum comprising a plurality of different drum modes, including a mode in which the rotatable drum parts are driven to effect a relative rotation between them.
  • a controller controls the device to a Run variety of different washing programs, each washing program has an associated drum mode.
  • WO 2010/094959 A1 relates to the cleaning of substrates using a solvent-free cleaning system which requires the use of only small amounts of water. More particularly, the document is concerned with the cleaning of textile fibers using such a system, and provides an apparatus for use in this context.
  • WO 2007/128962 enables the efficient separation of the substrate from the polymer particles upon completion of the cleaning process and describes a design for using two internal drums.
  • WO 2011/073062 A bicontinuous microemulsion systems which are suitable as stain pretreatment agents and which are capable of dissolving solid and solidified fatty stains in the main wash at neutral pH.
  • WO 2012/035342 discloses a textile washing process using polyethylene terephthalate particles.
  • the colloid and interfacial chemical background is to seek the higher cleaning performance of a concentrated surfactant solution in the phase behavior of water / surfactant / oil mixtures and the resulting interfacial tension between water and oil phases.
  • certain surfactant systems can form W / O emulsions (Winsor II systems) at higher concentrations.
  • Winsor II systems W / O emulsions
  • a three-phase region is run through with a microemulsion, an excess oil phase and an excess water phase, which is characterized by an extremely low interfacial tension and thus by a high fat solubilizing power.
  • the emulsion type changes to an O / W emulsion (Winsor I system). In this condition is usually a dilute wash liquor.
  • a concentrate is proposed as a sales product, which results in a certain dilution to a so-called “short liquor” a Winsor II system, and thus results in an improved washing performance of greasy soils.
  • This Winsor II system can act on and intimately mix with the greasy soils at an early stage of the wash cycle, in a manner of "full area pretreatment” with little textiles moistening and without the presence of free wash liquor. It then becomes a Winsor I system at a later stage of the wash cycle, passing through the three phase region diluted further which serves to flush away the solubilized greasy soil.
  • the technical challenge in implementing this teaching is that of distributing the small amount of liquid of the "short liquor” evenly to the textiles in a wash load. In previous prototypes, this short liquor was sprayed onto the washload with a spray device. However, such machines are not commercially available.
  • polyamide flakes are to be mentioned, which are characterized by a high dirt holding capacity and which are able to redistribute a small amount of liquid in the wash load.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a wash liquor which can be redistributed in the form of a short liquor by water-insoluble solid particles.
  • microemulsions in conjunction with redistribution by means of water-insoluble solid particles can advantageously be used as wash medium in a wash cycle.
  • the particles avoid the usual disadvantages of microemulsions, e.g. the high demand for surfactants or the difficult redistribution of a small amount of liquid in the wash load.
  • a microemulsion is understood in the specialist literature to be a thermodynamically stable mixture of water, oil (s) and amphiphile (s).
  • the microstructure may be O / W or W / O as usual for emulsions.
  • bicontinuous structures are also found.
  • Most microemulsions are clear because their droplet size in the nm range is well below the wavelength of visible light. Clarity is also considered in the context of the present invention as an indicator of the presence of a microemulsion in a water / oil / amphiphile mixture.
  • microemulsion systems consisting of a water component, an oil component and an amphiphile can be subdivided into 4 types according to their phase equilibria.
  • the surfactant is primarily soluble in water and in an O / W microemulsion form. It consists of a surfactant-rich aqueous phase (O / W microemulsion) and an excess but low-surfactant oil phase.
  • the surfactant is especially soluble in an oil phase and in a W / O microemulsion form. It consists of a surfactant-rich oil phase (W / O microemulsion) and an excess, but surfactant poor aqueous phase.
  • a Winsor Type III microemulsion system is a frequently bicontinuous microemulsion, also called a mid phase microemulsion, of a surfactant rich middle phase which coexists with a low surfactant aqueous phase as well as a low surfactant oil phase.
  • a Winsor Type IV microemulsion system is a single phase homogeneous mixture and, in contrast to Winsor types I to III consisting of 2 or 3 phases, of which only one phase is a microemulsion, is a total microemulsion High surfactant concentrations to achieve this single phase, while in Winsor Type I and Type II microemulsion systems, significantly lower surfactant concentrations are required to achieve stable phase equilibrium. For this reason, although Winsor Type IV microemulsions are frequently described in the patent literature, they are rarely or not used in domestic machine washing processes. The large amount of surfactant required makes such a process uneconomical and is not least environmentally friendly.
  • Winsor IV single-phase microemulsion
  • the type of emulsion depends both on the emulsifier and on the phase in which the emulsifier, for example a surfactant or various surfactants, dissolves. If water-soluble, ie hydrophilic, emulsifiers, for example anionic surfactants, are used, O / W emulsions are formed. However, anionic surfactants can be rendered more hydrophobic by the addition of electrolytes by electrostatic shielding the hydrophilic head group of anionic surfactants so that W / O emulsions are achieved.
  • the behavior of the emulsifiers is influenced by the temperature.
  • hydrophobic emulsifiers for example nonionic surfactants
  • W / O emulsions are formed.
  • An addition of salt is not required.
  • Higher application temperatures make the nonionic surfactants more hydrophobic and can interact better with grease and oily dirt. If the temperature is reduced again during dilution of the liquor, the nonionic surfactants become hydrophilic again, the grease and oily soils can be better detached from the textile and dispersed in the aqueous liquor and ultimately transported away with the aqueous liquor.
  • a surfactant system capable of forming a microemulsion is understood as meaning an aqueous surfactant system which is capable of solubilizing a larger amount of oil without cloudiness being detectable.
  • such a system contains less than 5% by weight of amphiphile, preferably less than 4% by weight of amphiphile, more preferably less than 3% by weight of amphiphile and is capable of more than 0.25% by weight. %, preferably more than 0.5 wt .-%, more preferably more than 1 wt .-% of an oil to solubilize clearly.
  • such systems are characterized by a particularly low interfacial tension against the oil in question. Interfacial tensions ⁇ 5 mN / m, particularly preferably ⁇ 3 mN / m and very particularly preferably ⁇ 1 mN / m are preferred.
  • the microemulsion used in the method according to the invention contains salts, but no cosurfactant.
  • the microemulsion used in the process according to the invention contains cosurfactant, but no salts, apart from the customary amounts contained in detergents. In a further particular embodiment, the microemulsion used in the process according to the invention contains both salts and cosurfactants.
  • the present invention thus provides a textile washing process in a washing machine using an aqueous wash liquor comprising a plurality of water-insoluble solid polymer particles and a liquid phase, characterized in that the liquid phase contains a microemulsion and the polymer particles comprise polyalkanes, polyesters, polyurethanes and / or polyamides including their copolymers.
  • microemulsion in this context always means that the system is capable of providing a microemulsion with the fats and oil components of the soiling, ie a " microemulsible "system.
  • the washing medium as such may in this case also be regarded as a "microemulsion without oil component", in particular if an optionally sufficient amount of oil is already present in the wash liquor coming from the textile substrate.
  • the consumer would not be given such a microemulsion directly. Although this contains a considerable concentration of surfactant, but still a large amount of water, so that the consumer would have to carry large containers, which would also require a high packaging costs. Therefore, one would give the consumer a low-water concentrate in hand, which is diluted in the preparation of water, for example in a corresponding dilution device in the machine in such a way that a single-phase microemulsion is formed.
  • microemulsions or Winsor II systems which together with the water-insoluble, solid ponds form the wash liquor according to the invention, is readily possible.
  • the advantage of the direct use of the microemulsion is that no defined dilution of the concentrate according to the invention has to take place in the washing machine.
  • the typical disadvantage that a large amount of water must be transported plays in the commercial laundry u.U. not so big a role as there are suitable transport and transport media available and handling larger amounts of liquid in tanks, barrels or cans readily possible.
  • the dilution of the concentrate according to the invention to the actual microemulsion according to the invention, which together with the water-insoluble, solid ponds, the inventive Wash liquor forms, take place in an external, spatially separated from the actual washing machine device, and the microemulsion or the Winsor II system are then introduced into the laundry treatment room of the washing machine.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a method of cleaning a soiled textile substrate, the method including treating the substrate with a formulation comprising a plurality of water-insoluble solid particles, wherein the particles are optionally regenerated with or without the use of microemulsions according to the invention are reused in further purification processes according to the method.
  • the substrate comprises textile substrates, each optionally of a variety of materials, which may be either a natural fiber such as cotton or synthetic textile fibers such as nylon 6,6 or a polyester.
  • the water-insoluble solid polymer particles include polyalkenes such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters and polyurethanes.
  • polyalkenes such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters and polyurethanes.
  • polyamides are particularly effective for aqueous stain / soil removal, while polyalkenes are particularly useful for removing oily stains.
  • copolymers of the above polymeric materials may be used for the purposes of the invention.
  • nylon homo- or co-polymers can be used, including nylon 6 and nylon 6,6.
  • the polyamide comprises nylon 6,6 homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 30,000 daltons, preferably 10,000 to 20,000 daltons, most preferably 15,000 to 16,000 daltons.
  • the water-insoluble solid polymer particles or granules, particles or moldings are of such a shape and size that enables good flowability and close contact with the textile substrate.
  • Preferred forms of the particles include spheres and cubes, but the preferred particle shape is cylindrical.
  • the particles are preferably sized to each have an average weight in the range of 20-50 mg, preferably 30-40 mg.
  • the preferred average particle diameter is 1.5 to 6.0 mm, more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 mm, most preferably 2.5 to 4.5 mm, while the length of the cylindrical particles is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 6.0 mm, more preferably 3.0 to 5.0 mm, and most preferably in the range of 4.0 mm.
  • the textile substrate Before cleaning, the textile substrate can be moistened, preferably by wetting with water or else directly with the microemulsion according to the invention, in order to provide an additional improvement for the wash liquor and thereby to improve the transport properties within the system (pretreatment).
  • This achieves a more efficient transfer of detergent substances or microemulsion of the invention to the substrate and facilitates the removal of soils and stains from the substrate.
  • the wetting treatment is carried out to provide a substrate to liquid phase weight ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 5 to reach; more preferably the ratio is between 1: 0.2 and 1: 2, with particularly favorable results being achieved in ratios such as 1: 0.2, 1: 1 and 1: 2.
  • the proportion of the liquid phase of the wash liquor is the proportion of the total wash liquor inclusive of the water-insoluble solid particles obtained by centrifuging 8 kg of the wash liquor containing the solid water-insoluble particles for 5 minutes in a centrifuge with the water-insoluble solid particles separated cylindrical rotating body of 515 mm inner diameter and 370 mm internal depth at 1400 revolutions per minute from the liquid portion.
  • the weight ratio of the water-insoluble solid polymer particles to the textile substrate is generally 0.1: 1 to 10: 1 parts by weight, especially 0.5: 1 to 5: 1 parts by weight.
  • the water-insoluble solid polymer particles can be coated prior to use with the concentrate described above according to methods known per se.
  • the consumer product according to the invention from which the wash liquor used in the process according to the invention, in particular in a washing machine, which has a Kurzflottenwaschtechnik can be prepared represents a single- or multi-phase concentrate, which may be granular, liquid, gelatinous or pasty at room temperature but can also be in the form of a shaped body (piece, tablet or similar).
  • the teachings of the invention take advantage of the fact that the detergent composition used in the washing machine is intended to represent a single-phase microemulsion or a Winsor Type II microemulsion system, but the concentrate which constitutes the consumer product is not already in the form of a Winsor microemulsion or microemulsion system Type II must be present.
  • the concentrate can be converted into a Winsor Type II microemulsion system on dilution with water and especially in a washing machine.
  • the concentrate already exists as a Winsor Type II microemulsion system. It may likewise be preferred for the concentrate to be present as a Winsor type IV microemulsion if it can be converted into a Winsor Type II microemulsion system when the wash liquor is prepared.
  • a Winsor Type II microemulsion system is biphasic, it may be desirable in the interests of uniform distribution of the short liquor on the wash that the concentrate from a Winsor Type II microemulsion system is not macroscopically separate when used, but application in a manner takes place that an emulsion of the two phases of the Winsor type II system is applied.
  • Such an emulsion can be made, for example, by appropriate mixing, in particular stirring of the microemulsion type before application to the laundry.
  • short liquor washing technology is understood to mean the provision of a first subwash cycle in which the first contact of the textile or laundry with the wash liquor takes place, the ratio of the weight of the dry textile or laundry lot to the liquid phase of the inventive wash liquor being at least 1: 8, preferably but a short liquor is used, in which the ratio of the weight of the dry textile or laundry lot to liquid phase of the liquor is at least 1: 4, in particular not less than 1: 2, for example 1: 2 to 4: 1, advantageously 1: 2 to 2: 1.
  • the washing process which works with the wash liquor according to the invention consisting of a multiplicity of water-insoluble solid particles represents a very particularly preferred embodiment of the short liquor washing technique.
  • the aqueous liquor used in the first sub-wash cycle consists of a Winsor Type II single-phase microemulsion or microemulsion system.
  • the upper limit of the weight ratio of the dry fabric or laundry to the Winsor Type II aqueous liquor is limited should be that the entire batch of laundry during the first sub-wash cycle can be completely moistened. Only then is it ensured that the microemulsion can interact with all contaminants.
  • the lower limit of the weight ratio of the dry textile or laundry lot to the liquid phase of the Winsor type II liquor or the single-phase microemulsion is given in preferred embodiments of the invention in that as little as possible "free liquor" when used in the washing machine, ie as little as possible excess liquor, which can not be absorbed by the textile or the laundry items in the first sub-washing cycle and remains in the Laugensumpf the washing machine, is present.
  • a weight ratio of the dry textile or laundry lot to the aqueous liquor is very particularly preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 1, in particular not less than 1: 1.5.
  • the concentrate preferably contains surfactants which serve as emulsifiers after dilution in the single-phase microemulsion or the Winsor Type II microemulsion system.
  • surfactants which serve as emulsifiers after dilution in the single-phase microemulsion or the Winsor Type II microemulsion system.
  • the content of the concentrates of surfactants and in particular of a combination of anionic and nonionic surfactants is preferably from 1 to 80% by weight, in particular from 5 to 30% by weight.
  • microemulsions or microemulsion systems of Winsor type II used in the short liquor washing technique generally have at least 0.05% by weight of surfactants, in particular of a combination of anionic and nonionic surfactants. Preference is given to contents of at least 0.2% by weight, preferably from 0.3 to not more than 15% by weight, in particular of a combination of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants include alkylbenzenesulfonic acid salts, olefinsulfonic acid salts, C 12-18 -alkanesulfonic acid salts, fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, but also fatty acid soaps or a mixture of two or more of these anionic surfactants.
  • alkylbenzenesulfonic acid salts, fatty alcohol (ether) sulfates and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred.
  • the surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9-13 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as are obtained, for example, from C 12-18 -monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products into consideration.
  • esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
  • alk (en) ylsulfate are the salts of sulfuric acid half esters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or C 10 -C 20 -oxo alcohols and those half esters secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred.
  • the C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred.
  • 2,3-alkyl sulfates are also suitable anionic surfactants.
  • fatty alcohol ether sulfates such as the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7-21 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C 9-11- alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 -18 -fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO, in particular C 12-14 -fatty alcohols with 2 EO are suitable.
  • fatty acid soaps are Suitable are saturated and unsaturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids.
  • the content of the concentrates of fatty acid soaps 0 to 5 wt .-%.
  • the anionic surfactants including the fatty acid soaps may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or magnesium or ammonium salts.
  • the anionic surfactants are in the form of their sodium salts and / or ammonium salts.
  • Amines which can be used for the neutralization are preferably choline, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, methylethylamine or a mixture thereof, with monoethanolamine being preferred.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkoxylated oxo alcohols, alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid amides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, amine oxides, alkyl polyglucosides, and mixtures thereof.
  • the alkoxylated fatty alcohols used are preferably ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 2 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical is linear.
  • alcohol ethoxylates having 12 to 18 C atoms for example coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 5 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
  • Preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12-14 alcohols with 2 EO, 3 EO, 7 EO or 4 EO, C9-11 alcohol containing 7 EO, C12-18 alcohols containing 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO, C 16-18 alcohols with 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these.
  • fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO. It is particularly preferred that a C 12-18 -alcohol, in particular a C 12 -C 14 -alcohol or a C 13 -alcohol having an average of 2 EO or 3 EO is used as nonionic surfactant.
  • corresponding propylene oxide adducts in particular EO / PO mixed adducts, are also advantageous, with particular preference being given to C 16 -C 18 -alkylpolyglycol ethers having in each case 2 to 8 EO and PO units.
  • EO / BO mixed adducts and even EO / PO / BO mixed adducts are also preferred.
  • Particularly preferred EO / PO mixed adducts include C 16 -C 18 -fatty alcohols with fewer PO than EO units, in particular C 16 -C 18 -fatty alcohols with 4 PO and 6 EO or C 16 -C 18 -fatty alcohols with 2 PO and 4 EO.
  • inorganic salts are not absolutely necessary in order to be able to produce single-phase microemulsions or microemulsions of Winsor type II.
  • concentrates in particular anionic surfactant-containing concentrates are preferred which one or more contain inorganic salts.
  • Preferred inorganic salts are alkali metal sulfates and alkali metal halides, especially chlorides, and alkali metal carbonates.
  • Very particularly preferred inorganic salts are sodium sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate and mixtures of these.
  • the content of the concentrates of one or more inorganic salts is preferably 0 to 70% by weight.
  • the content of one or more inorganic salts is 0 to 20% by weight and preferably 5 to 15% by weight, with concentrations of 8 to 12% by weight being particularly preferred to have.
  • the concentrates also contain one or more additional oils.
  • an additional oil which is used additionally and deliberately to the greasy and oily soils present on the textiles to be washed, is in principle any organic non-surfactant liquid which is not miscible with water or forms two phases in combination with water understood, which itself has a grease dissolving ability.
  • additional oils are preferred, which not only have a good fat dissolving power, but are also biodegradable and acceptable odor.
  • Particularly preferred concentrates have as additional oil dioctyl ether, oleic acid, limonene, low molecular weight paraffins and / or low molecular weight silicone oils, for example, the well-known from chemical cleaning solvent cyclosiloxane D5 on. Also, aromatic solvents such as toluene are of course effective additive oils for the purposes stated herein; but they are usually omitted for toxicological reasons.
  • the content of the concentrates in one or more additional oils is preferably 0 to 60% by weight and in particular 2 to 50% by weight.
  • additional oils function as solvents for the fats, which are solid at the application temperatures in the washing machine.
  • the oil and grease-like dirt on the laundry is usually not well defined. It is therefore not known in advance which surfactants must be present in the W / O emulsion in order to actually interact with the soil in such a way that it becomes relaxed and can be flushed out of the textile.
  • the grease and oily soils on the fabrics could unbalance the microemulsion system.
  • additive oil an additional hydrophobic component as defined above (additive oil) is used from the outset in the concentrate, the influence of the grease and oil-like dirt on the laundry on the balance of the microemulsion is negligible and the likelihood of a desired interaction and relaxation of the dirt on the textile fiber is significantly increased.
  • the content of one or more additional oils is preferably 0 to 20% by weight and in particular 0.5 to 15% by weight, with concentrations of 1 to 12% by weight. % have been found to be particularly preferred.
  • microemulsion systems of Winsor type II can be prepared from the concentrates of the present invention by dilution with water containing from 0.1% to 5% by weight of surfactants, preferably 0.2% to 1% by weight of surfactants, with particular preference less than 0.1 Wt .-% surfactants, and 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, advantageously 1 to 3 wt .-% additional oils.
  • the aforementioned Winsor 2 microemulsion systems have from 80 to 94.6% by weight of water and from 0 to 15% by weight of inorganic salts, preferably from 1 to 12% by weight of inorganic salts, in particular from 5 to 10% by weight. % inorganic salts on.
  • the concentrates have inorganic salts and / or additive oils. It has proven to be particularly advantageous, especially when anionic and nonionic surfactants are contained in the concentrates, that the concentrates have both one or more inorganic salts and one or more additional oils.
  • the weight ratio of inorganic salt to additional oil can vary within a wide range, depending on the surfactants used.
  • Particularly preferred additional oils, which are present in combination with inorganic salts are di-ethers. Di-n-octyl ether is used with particular advantage.
  • the concentrate may further comprise at least one, preferably two or more, selected from the group consisting of builders, bleaches, electrolytes, nonaqueous but water miscible solvents, enzymes, pH modifiers, perfumes, perfume carriers, fluorescers, dyes, hydrotropes , Foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti redeposition agents, grayness inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, crease inhibitors, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, bittering agents, ironing aids, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents, plasticizing components and UV absorbers ,
  • Suitable builders which may be present in the concentrate are, in particular, silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.
  • Organic builders which may be present in the concentrate are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • polycarboxylic acids meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, and mixtures of these.
  • Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures thereof.
  • polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example, those having a molecular weight of 600 to 750,000 g / mol.
  • Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of from 1,000 to 15,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have molecular weights of from 1,000 to 10,000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 1,000 to 5,000 g / mol, may again be preferred from this group.
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as a monomer.
  • liquid detergents but preferably soluble builders, such as citric acid, or acrylic polymers having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 5,000 g / mol are used.
  • non-aqueous solvents that are miscible with water can be added to the microemulsion systems or the concentrate used to prepare the microemulsions.
  • Suitable non-aqueous solvents include monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers.
  • the solvents are selected from ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propanediol, butanediol, methylpropanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyldiglycol, butyldiglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, Diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, methoxytriglycol, ethoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol,
  • anhydrous or at least virtually anhydrous concentrates are used, in which preferably substantially only so much water is used contained as introduced by the raw materials used for their preparation, without actively adding water.
  • anhydrous is understood to mean that the content of water in the concentrates is not more than 2% by weight, preferably not more than 1% by weight.
  • the concentrates are in the form of an anhydrous paste which contains surfactants, in particular a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
  • the surfactant content, in particular the mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants, in the anhydrous pastes in the same areas as in the aqueous concentrates.
  • the pastes in preferred embodiments may contain additional finely divided solids, for example aluminosilicates, such as zeolites or smectites or bentonites, or else silicic acids, for example of the Aerosile® type.
  • aluminosilicates such as zeolites or smectites or bentonites
  • silicic acids for example of the Aerosile® type.
  • the concentrates of the invention may be prepared by any method known in the art.
  • the concentrates used in the process according to the invention in the form of disposable portions.
  • disposable portions include in particular containers of water-soluble materials which are filled with the concentrates according to the invention.
  • Particular preference is given to single-chamber or multi-chamber containers, in particular of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol derivatives or copolymers with vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives as monomer.
  • These disposable portions ensure that the correct amount of the concentrate according to the invention is used in the first sub-washing cycle for the preparation of the Winsor Type II microemulsion system and for the corresponding power associated therewith.
  • multiple disposable portions may also be used.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the concentrates are present in granulated form on a carrier.
  • Suitable carrier materials are the carrier materials known from the prior art for detergents. Particular preference is given to ingredients of detergents such as builders and alkali metal, for example alkali metal carbonates or zeolites, or bleaching agents such as percarbonates or enzyme granules, but also sodium sulfates or silicates and in particular those substances which have a high absorption capacity for liquids, for example silicic acids. Such granulated products may also be powdered with finely divided materials which are known from the prior art for this purpose are known. Particular preference is given to silicic acids, zeolites or other aluminosilicates, but also mixtures of silicic acids and zeolites.
  • This embodiment of the method provides that a washing cycle is carried out with at least 2 consecutive sub-washing cycles.
  • a wash cycle is the period from the creation of a first wash liquor to the removal of the wash liquor from the washing machine.
  • the washing cycle is subdivided into at least two sub-washing cycles, whereby the washing liquor is not removed at the end of the first to penultimate sub-washing cycle.
  • the short liquor is formed in the form of a Winsor Type II microemulsion or microemulsion system, or if the concentrate used is already a Winsor Type II microemulsion system maintained, while at the beginning of the second sub-washing cycle new, additional water is fed into the existing wash liquor to form a long fleet.
  • this dilution which may also be considered as a first rinse step, breakage of the single-phase microemulsion or phase inversion of the Winsor II system takes place and typically a Winsor I emulsion is formed.
  • a method according to the invention is preferably carried out in a washing machine which allows a short liquor washing technique.
  • the statements already made above regarding the short liquor washing technology and the short liquor apply accordingly.
  • the machines in question allow the use of concentrates or granulated concentrates to create a short liquor in the machine. Particular preference is given here Washing machines in which the short liquor is redistributed by a large number of water-insoluble, solid particles.
  • Winsor Type II microemulsion system is biphasic, a method is preferred which, in the interest of uniform distribution of the short liquor on the laundry, provides that the Winsor Type II microemulsion system is not macroscopically separate during application but as an emulsion of the two phases placed in the laundry treatment room and applied to the laundry items.
  • This temporary emulsion can be formed, for example, by vigorous mixing, in particular by stirring.
  • the machine measures the weight of the dry fabric or laundry load and supplies the amount of water required to form the short liquor. This is mixed with the concentrates according to the invention in the above-mentioned mixing device or directly in the laundry treatment space of the machine to form a single-phase microemulsion or a Winsor Type II microemulsion system.
  • the water-insoluble, solid particles which together with the short liquor form the wash liquor according to the invention may be pre-coated with the concentrates according to the invention. The amount of water required to form the microemulsion system is then metered in or outside the washing drum.
  • the machine may be preferred for the machine to provide a space in which a temporary emulsion can be formed from the concentrate and the water supplied.
  • a mixing device preferably a stirring device in this mixing chamber.
  • the mixing space for producing a temporary emulsion may be the dispensing rinsing chamber of a washing machine, in particular a domestic washing machine, but also an additional space in the machine, in particular the household washing machine.
  • the machine displays its weight in a readable manner for the consumer or the industrial user so that the consumer can dose the appropriate amount of the concentrate.
  • the corresponding metered quantities of the concentrates can be read by the consumer on the outer packaging of the concentrates and / or are indicated by the machine itself in a corresponding programmable machine.
  • a ratio of the weight of the dry textile or linen lot to the short liquor is at least 1: 8, preferably at least 1: 4, in particular not less than 1: 2, for example 1: 2 to 4: 1 is formed.
  • a ratio of the weight of the dry fabric or the laundry lot to the short liquor is not made smaller than not smaller than 1: 1.5.
  • this ratio can be 1: 1.2 to 1.2: 1, ideally 1: 1.
  • the uniform distribution of the short liquor on the laundry item is done in the washing machine by the large number of water-insoluble, solid particles, which are circulated together with the liquid and the laundry items.
  • an injection, spraying or pumping system for example a circulating pump, may also be used.
  • a method which provides a ratio of the weight of the dry textile or laundry lot to the short liquor of 1: 2 to 1: 1.5, whereby the distribution of the short liquor takes place by means of a circulating pump.
  • the wash liquor which includes the water-insoluble solid particles of the invention is not removed.
  • a possibly existing free liquor i. a fleet that is not bound in the textiles or interstices of the water-insoluble solid particles, but not the particles themselves.
  • the water-insoluble solid particles are removed from the laundry treatment space of the machine and brought into a reservoir outside the laundry treatment space.
  • the water-insoluble solid particles are removed from the laundry treatment space and replaced by others which are not exposed to the short liquor. In this way, parts of the short fleet can be used multiple times.
  • the long liquor can also be produced as the result of a first rinse cycle.
  • the liquor which includes the dilution stages of the short liquor up to a long liquor, is called a diluent liquor in the context of the present invention.
  • concentration of the detergent in the liquor is reduced.
  • the dilution of the concentration of the salt preferably contained increases the hydrophilicity and water solubility of a preferably contained nonionic surfactant.
  • a phase inversion is caused, wherein first a microemulsion system of Winsor type III and lastly, with further dilution, an emulsion system of Winsor type I is formed.
  • the Applicant believes that the design of the Winsor Type III microemulsion system is responsible for the improved release of the stress relieved by the Winsor Type II microemulsion system.
  • the interfacial tension in the three-phase region of the Winsor Type III microemulsion system is very low.
  • wash liquors consisting of the water-insoluble solid particles and a single-phase liquid phase Winsor type IV in the process of the invention is the subject of the present invention, since the combination with the particles overcomes many disadvantages of the single-phase Winsor IV microemulsion in a conventional washing process ,
  • the second sub-washing cycle is started by the supply of water, whereby the short liquor is diluted. If the remaining addition of the water until the final dilution and thus training the long liquor without further temporal Interruption, phase inversion occurs via the Winsor Type III microemulsion system to the Winsor Type I microemulsion system in the second sub-wash cycle.
  • a textile washing process is carried out as described above, in which the phase inversion takes place during the second sub-washing cycle or during the further sub-washing cycles, wherein first a microemulsion system of Winsor type III and last of Winsor type I is formed.
  • a process which is characterized by the passage of at least 3 sub-washing cycles, the second sub-washing cycle producing a Winsor Type III microemulsion system as dilution liquor and the third sub-washing cycle the washing process with the long liquor, ie the final amount of water introduced, optionally until the long fleet has been removed.
  • the second sub-wash cycle may comprise multiple stages representing different levels of dilution, but at all stages there is a Winsor Type III microemulsion system.
  • the third sub-wash cycle begins. Further addition of water in this third sub-wash cycle is of course possible, but not required for performance reasons, nor desirable for environmental or economic reasons and therefore not preferred.
  • the heating of the machine in the first sub-washing cycle and in particular only in the first sub-washing cycle, is switched on, while the heating in the second sub-washing cycle and, if present, further sub-washing cycles and optionally subsequent rinsing cycles are preferably switched off.
  • the machine may also be supplied with water heated by an internal or external heater to produce the short liquor microemulsion systems which cools during the first sub-wash cycle.
  • the dilution to the long liquor is then preferably carried out with cold water.
  • nonionic surfactants become more hydrophobic with increasing temperature, and more hydrophilic with decreasing temperature.
  • the heated nonionic surfactants provide higher hydrophobicity of the short liquor, thereby improving the interaction with grease and oily soils and their relaxation on the fabrics, while the nonionic surfactants in the cooling dilution liquor and the colder long liquor become more hydrophilic and coalesce from the water Rinse better with the dirt and have it removed.
  • this preferred method is So the breaking of the microemulsion or the phase inversion from the Winsor II system to the Winsor I system, which are otherwise triggered only by the dilution, still supported by the temperature control of the process.
  • the first sub-washing cycle is carried out at temperatures of 10 to 60 ° C, preferably of at least 20 to 40 ° C.
  • the method has the advantage that, in contrast to conventional methods, heating energy is consumed only in the first sub-wash cycle. Since the first sub-washing cycle involves only a short liquor, this saves energy, in contrast to conventional processes in which a long liquor, that is to say a larger quantity of aqueous liquor, has to be heated up.
  • the process according to the invention may comprise a device for cleaning soiled textile substrates comprising a multiplicity of water-insoluble solid polymer particles, a reservoir for accommodating the particles inside or outside the device and a wash liquor according to the invention.
  • the device used according to the invention typically has a hinged door in a housing to allow access to the interior of the washing drum to provide a substantially closed system.
  • the door includes a window of the stationary cylindrical drum rotatably supported in another drum while the rotatably supported cylinder drum is mounted vertically inside the housing. Consequently, a front loading device is preferred.
  • the stationary cylindrical drum may be mounted vertically within the housing and the access device located in the top of the device.
  • the device is suitable for providing contact of the particles and the wash liquor with the soiled substrate. Ideally, these particles should be efficiently circulated to promote effective purification.
  • the device comprises at least one reservoir, in particular with a corresponding control, for the water-insoluble solid particles, for example located inside the washing machine and suitable for controlling the flow of particles within the washing machine and containing the particles for regeneration.
  • the measures of the process of the present invention make it possible to regenerate the water-insoluble solid particles, and the particles can be satisfactorily reused in the purification process, although some deterioration in performance generally occurs after three uses of the particles is watching. Re-use of the particles will give optimum results when re-coated with the concentrate before reuse.
  • the regeneration of the water-insoluble solid particles can be carried out in a conventional manner, as described for example in the WO 2012 / 035342A1 is described.
  • the regeneration is carried out by introducing the particles optionally with the detergent into the decolorizing device, for example in a separate rinse, optionally by adding cleaning agents, which may also be of an aggressive nature.
  • the temperature of the regeneration step is independent of the washing temperature when the textile substrate has been removed from the washing machine before regeneration.
  • the usual detergent raw materials can be used.
  • Table 1 (Formulation Nos. 2 to 7) describes microemulsions and surfactant systems capable of forming microemulsions which can be used together with water insoluble solid polymer particles in a textile washing process according to the invention: Table 1: Recipe no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 % AS % % % % % % % Cetiol®OE 100 1.00 1.00 1.00 Dehydol® LT7 100 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 Maranil® A55 58 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 hexanol 100 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 3.00 3.00 water 100 97.00 95,00 94.00 94,50 93,50 94.00 93,00 Salt (NaCl) 100 Cetiol®OE: dicapryl ether Dehydol® LT7: nonionic surfactant, C12 / 18 + 7EO, BASF Maranil® A55: Linear Alkylbenzen
  • the cosurfactant hexanol serves to get into the single-phase microemulsion phase. Salt is not required here.
  • the oil component is Cetiol® OE. These formulations, which are obtained from a concentrate according to the invention by dilution with water, are used directly in a washing cycle together with polyamide particles as the cleaning medium. They are also single-phase and clear in the presence of the oil, which is considered in the context of the present invention as an indicator of the presence of a microemulsion.
  • the recipe 1 without cosurfactant contains only a traditional surfactant mixture consisting of LAS and a nonionic surfactant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de lavage de textiles dans une machine à laver utilisant une liqueur de lavage aqueuse contenant une pluralité de particules de polymères solides insolubles dans l'eau et une phase liquide, caractérisé en ce que la phase liquide contient une microémulsion et les particules de polymères contiennent des polyalcanes, des polyesters, des polyuréthanes et/ou des polyamides incluant leurs copolymères.
  2. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la phase liquide
    a) est constituée d'une microémulsion, ou
    b) est composé d'au moins deux phases.
  3. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que la phase liquide
    a) comprend une phase Winsor II biphasique ou est constituée de celle-ci, ou
    b) comprend une phase Winsor II ou est constituée de celle-ci.
  4. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la phase liquide de la liqueur de lavage est produite par dilution d'un concentré monophasique ou multiphasique.
  5. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le concentré
    a) contient des tensioactifs, en particulier une combinaison de tensioactifs anioniques et non ioniques, de préférence en des quantités de 1 à 80 % en poids, et/ou
    b) contient un ou plusieurs sels inorganiques, de préférence du sulfate de sodium, en particulier jusqu'à 70 % en poids, et/ou
    c) contient une ou plusieurs huiles additionnelles, de préférence des di-éthers, en particulier des di-n-octyléthers, en particulier en quantités allant jusqu'à 60 % en poids.
  6. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 4 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le concentré comprend une pâte sensiblement anhydre et contient des tensioactifs, en particulier un mélange de tensioactifs anioniques et non ioniques.
  7. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le concentré peut être converti par dilution avec de l'eau en une microémulsion monophasée ou en un système de microémulsion de type Winsor 2, lequel concentré contient de 0,5 à 5 % en poids de tensioactifs et de 0 à 5 % en poids d'huiles additionnelles et de préférence de 80 à 94,6 % en poids d'eau et de 0 à 15% en poids de sels inorganiques.
  8. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les particules de polymère contiennent un homopolymère de nylon 6,6 ayant un poids moléculaire moyen de 5 000 à 30 000 daltons.
  9. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules de polymères solides insolubles dans l'eau ont chacune un poids moyen compris entre 20 et 50 mg.
  10. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que dans un cycle de lavage comportant au moins deux cycles successifs de sous-lavage, le lot de linge à nettoyer est acheminé vers la chambre de traitement du linge de la machine à laver, le concentré est introduit dans la chambre de stockage de détergent de la machine à laver et est transporté, en particulier pulvérisé ou pompé, dans la chambre de traitement du linge de la machine à laver dans le premier cycle de sous-lavage, en formant simultanément une courte liqueur, une microémulsion monophasique ou un système de micro-émulsion Winsor de type 2 étant formé(e) ou maintenu(e) comme liqueur courte, une interaction de la liqueur courte du Winsor de type 2 avec les salissures se trouvant dans le lot de linge ayant lieu dans le premier cycle de sous-lavage, ce qui entraîne une expansion des salissures graisseuses et huileuses sur la fibre, puis dans au moins un autre cycle de sous-lavage, la liqueur est diluée avec de l'eau et diluée davantage avec de l'eau jusqu'à la formation d'une liqueur longue, les salissures étant séparées du lot de linge et lesdites salissures étant évacuées, conjointement avec la liqueur longue, de la chambre de traitement du linge.
  11. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le système de microémulsion Winsor de type 2 n'est pas séparé de manière macroscopique pendant l'application, mais est introduit dans la chambre de traitement du linge de la machine comme une émulsion des deux phases du système de microémulsion Winsor de type 2 et est appliqué au lot de linge
  12. Procédé de lavage de textiles selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que dans le premier cycle de sous-lavage, un rapport pondéral du substrat textile sec sale ou du lot de linge à la liqueur courte d'au moins 1:2, en particulier d'au moins 1:1,5, est produit.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une inversion de phase a lieu pendant le cycle de sous-lavage suivant le premier cycle de sous-lavage ou pendant les autres cycles de sous-lavage suivants, un cycle de sous-lavage, un système de microémulsion Winsor de type 3 étant initialement produit, et un système de microémulsion Winsor de type 1 étant enfin produit.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins 3 cycles de sous-lavage sont réalisés, le deuxième cycle de sous-lavage comprenant la préparation d'un système de microémulsion Winsor de type 3 comme liqueur de dilution et le troisième cycle de sous-lavage comprenant le procédé de lavage avec la liqueur longue, c'est-à-dire avec la quantité finale d'eau introduite, sensiblement jusqu'à l'évacuation de la liqueur longue.
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US20190352586A1 (en) 2019-11-21
WO2016005462A1 (fr) 2016-01-14
EP3167040A1 (fr) 2017-05-17
DE102014213314A1 (de) 2016-01-14
US10513675B2 (en) 2019-12-24
US20170114310A1 (en) 2017-04-27

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