EP3145275B1 - Bobine de chauffage a induction - Google Patents

Bobine de chauffage a induction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3145275B1
EP3145275B1 EP15185774.5A EP15185774A EP3145275B1 EP 3145275 B1 EP3145275 B1 EP 3145275B1 EP 15185774 A EP15185774 A EP 15185774A EP 3145275 B1 EP3145275 B1 EP 3145275B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
induction heating
heating coil
winding
axis
Prior art date
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Application number
EP15185774.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3145275A1 (fr
Inventor
Chris VOLKMAR
Ubbo Ricklefs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen
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Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
    • H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J27/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation
    • H01J27/18—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation with an applied axial magnetic field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
    • F03H1/0081—Electromagnetic plasma thrusters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radio frequency ion thruster (RIT) having an improved induction heating coil for heating low temperature plasmas.
  • RIT radio frequency ion thruster
  • electromagnetic coils are windings and winding goods that are suitable for generating or detecting a magnetic field. They are often part of an electrical component or device, such as a transformer, relay, electric motor or loudspeaker.
  • An important field of application for coils is the area of inductive heating of electrically conductive materials.
  • Coils usually comprise at least one winding of an electrical conductor. This consists, for example, of wire, enamelled copper wire, silver-plated copper wire or high-frequency stranded wire. Coils are often wound on a bobbin (bobbin).
  • the bobbin can be either solid or hollow. Hollow bobbins may include a core of a different material (e.g., a soft magnetic material).
  • the winding arrangement and shape, the wire diameter, the winding and core material determine the value of the inductance and other (quality) properties of the coil.
  • the working principle of coils is based on the fact that when alternating current flows through them, a magnetic field is created inside them B builds up. This causes an electric field E, which accelerates the charge carriers inside the coil.
  • This field essentially comprises the two components E ⁇ and E z if the coil is a cylindrical coil.
  • the first component E ⁇ causes the charge carriers to be accelerated on a circular path perpendicular to the main axis of the coil.
  • the main axis of the coil is also referred to as the z-axis.
  • the plane of this perpendicular to the main axis of the coil is also referred to as being in the azimuthal plane.
  • the second component E z causes the charge carriers to accelerate along the main axis of the coil.
  • the electrical properties of coils are largely determined by the way the electrical conductor they are made of is wound. What is important here is the resulting geometric structure consisting of one or more windings or layers. This structure is also referred to as a winding.
  • the mirrored ladder element is offset by the gradient compared to the ladder element under consideration.
  • the gradient leads to a small E-field in the direction of the z-axis inside the coil. Outside the coil, on the other hand, the E-field in the direction of the z-axis is considerably larger.
  • Coils used as induction heating coils usually have only a few turns and are considered to be short. This means that charge carriers inside the coil usually have a non-negligible acceleration in find out the z-direction. If the material to be heated inside the coil consists of condensed matter, ie it is present as a solid or liquid, the acceleration along the z-axis is irrelevant since the charge carriers of these materials cannot leave the coil.
  • charge carriers can leave the induction heating coil and thus get lost in the heating process.
  • the inner coil in particular generates a strong E-field in the direction of the z-axis.
  • the E field vanishes in the direction of the z-axis. Therefore the outer coil has only a small influence on the resulting E-field along the z-axis.
  • the z-component of the E-field caused by the slope of the outer coil is negligible compared to the z-component of the E-field caused by the inner coil in the gap. This reduces the efficiency of a heating process. So far, the influence of the charge carriers escaping along the main axis of the coil and thus not contributing to the heating has been reduced by increasing the electromagnetic energy fed in solved. However, this solution is energy-intensive and reduces the efficiency of the induction heating coil.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a radio-frequency ion thruster (RIT) with an improved induction heating coil for inductive heating, which has a reduced acceleration of the charge carriers located in it along the z-axis.
  • RIT radio-frequency ion thruster
  • the induction heating coil of the radio frequency ion thruster (RIT) has a first inner winding W 1 and at least one further outer winding W 2 .
  • the inner winding W 1 has a radius r 1 and the outer winding W 2 has a radius r 2 ( 3 ). r 1 is smaller than r 2 .
  • the inner winding W 1 lies within the outer winding W 2 .
  • the windings W 1 and W 2 are connected at a point 100 at one end of the coil, so that at this point 100 a current flow i through the coil changes its axial direction to the z-direction.
  • the z-components of the electrical fields of the first winding W 1 and the second winding W 2 are superimposed in opposite directions, so that the charge carriers inside the coil have a reduced acceleration along the z-axis.
  • the radii r 1 and r 2 of the windings W 1 and W 2 are preferably 10 mm to 100 mm.
  • the length of the induction heating coil is preferably between 10 mm and 100 mm.
  • the number of turns N of the windings W 1 and W 2 of the induction heating coil is preferably 3 to 20, particularly preferably 5 to 10. Coils with a smaller number of turns have a larger z-component of the resulting electric field. With a larger number of turns, the efficiency of the induction heating coil decreases due to the greater electrical resistance.
  • its induction heating coil w has a rectangular, round or ellipsoidal shape. This allows the coil to be adapted to the bobbin. Furthermore, such a regular shape of the coil leads to a more homogeneous field inside the coil.
  • One use of the induction heating coil of the radio-frequency ion thruster (RIT) according to the invention is inductively or inductively-capacitively excited ion or electron sources. Here it serves to couple in electromagnetic energy.
  • a gas e.g. xenon
  • electrons to be excited at high frequency are located within an insulated vessel, the discharge vessel.
  • an induction heating coil for feeding a to
  • Plasma excitation necessary high-frequency energy wound.
  • the flow of current in the coil results in a magnetic field which, in the sense of electromagnetic induction, creates an electric field that accelerates electrons inside the coil. These electrons now collide with the gas atoms or gas molecules in the discharge vessel and ionize them.
  • the inductively coupled plasma is heated more efficiently since proportionally more field energy is induced in the azimuthal plane and is not lost to acceleration along the z-axis.
  • a plasma to be excited at high frequency is located within an insulated vessel, the so-called discharge vessel.
  • An induction heating coil often also referred to as a coupling coil, is wound around the discharge vessel for feeding in the energy required for plasma excitation.
  • the plasma is therefore inside the coil. If an ion engine comprises the induction coil of the present invention, it is more efficient since almost all of the electrons in the plasma discharge contribute to its maintenance by being prevented from leaving the heated areas.
  • the structure of the induction heating coil of the radio frequency ion thruster (RIT) according to the invention results in the axially induced fields in the z-direction almost canceling out due to the symmetry, since the same current flows in both the positive and negative z-directions. This means that the component E z of the resulting electric field is attenuated. Since the current flows through both windings of the induction heating coil in parallel, the resulting field components E ⁇ are simultaneously superimposed and thus amplified. In addition, due to the increasing coil inductance L, a lower current I is required to provide the magnetic field. This favors the thermal behavior of the coil, since smaller currents lead to less ohmic power loss.
  • the radius of the outer winding W 2 is greater than the radius of the inner winding W 1 , so the magnitude of the field induced by W 2 is somewhat smaller than that induced by W 1 . Nevertheless, the component E z of the resulting electric field is negligibly small.
  • radio frequency ion thruster (RIT) according to the invention is described below as an example.
  • the comparative values of the electrical parameters and the performance data are here figure 5 refer to.
  • the difference between the unmodified and modified engine with regard to the required coil power P s is 1.5 W with a total power P s of 15.23 W.
  • the engine, which includes the induction heating coil according to the invention, is therefore approximately 10% more efficient.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Propulseur ionique à radiofréquence (RIT), comprenant une bobine de chauffage par induction, ladite bobine de chauffage par induction ayant un premier enroulement interne W1 et au moins un autre enroulement externe W2, ledit enroulement interne W1 ayant un rayon r1 et ledit enroulement externe W2 ayant un rayon r2, r1 étant inférieur à r2, l'enroulement intérieur W1 étant situé à l'intérieur de l'enroulement extérieur W2 et les enroulements W1 et W2 étant reliés à une extrémité de la bobine en un point (100), de sorte qu'en ce point (100), un flux de courant i à travers la bobine change de direction de flux par rapport à l'axe z de la bobine de chauffage par induction,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les enroulements W1 et W2 sont reliés de telle sorte qu'à l'intérieur de la bobine, les champs électriques du premier enroulement W1 et du deuxième enroulement W2 se superposent de telle sorte que les composantes Ez et E-z du champ électrique résultant s'annulent le long de l'axe z.
  2. Propulseur ionique à radiofréquence (RIT) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les rayons r1 et r2 de sa bobine de chauffage par induction sont compris entre 10 mm et 100 mm.
  3. Propulseur ionique à radiofréquence (RIT) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de sa bobine de chauffage par induction est comprise entre 10 mm et 100 mm.
  4. Propulseur ionique à radiofréquence (RIT) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que sa bobine de chauffage par induction a une forme rectangulaire, ronde ou ellipsoïdale.
  5. Propulseur ionique à radiofréquence (RIT) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de spires des enroulements W1 et W2 de sa bobine de chauffage par induction est compris entre 3 et 20.
EP15185774.5A 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Bobine de chauffage a induction Active EP3145275B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15185774.5A EP3145275B1 (fr) 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Bobine de chauffage a induction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15185774.5A EP3145275B1 (fr) 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Bobine de chauffage a induction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3145275A1 EP3145275A1 (fr) 2017-03-22
EP3145275B1 true EP3145275B1 (fr) 2022-04-20

Family

ID=54196795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15185774.5A Active EP3145275B1 (fr) 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Bobine de chauffage a induction

Country Status (1)

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3632340C2 (de) * 1986-09-24 1998-01-15 Leybold Ag Induktiv angeregte Ionenquelle
KR100599094B1 (ko) * 2004-11-29 2006-07-12 삼성전자주식회사 코일의 권선수 조절에 의한 전자기 유도 가속장치
DE102013216668A1 (de) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Heizwicklung auf einen metallischen Grundkörper

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Publication number Publication date
EP3145275A1 (fr) 2017-03-22

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