EP2546842A2 - Bobine destinée à la limitation du courant - Google Patents

Bobine destinée à la limitation du courant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2546842A2
EP2546842A2 EP12174768A EP12174768A EP2546842A2 EP 2546842 A2 EP2546842 A2 EP 2546842A2 EP 12174768 A EP12174768 A EP 12174768A EP 12174768 A EP12174768 A EP 12174768A EP 2546842 A2 EP2546842 A2 EP 2546842A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
gap
coil
electrical coil
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12174768A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Raimund Summer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk GmbH
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk GmbH filed Critical Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk GmbH
Publication of EP2546842A2 publication Critical patent/EP2546842A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/346—Preventing or reducing leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical current limiting coil in medium and high voltage networks comprising a conductive coil wire wound into a cylindrical coil, the conductive coil wire being wound around a segment of a core which conducts a closed magnetic flux.
  • the core is interrupted by at least one non-magnetizable gap of small thickness.
  • Inductive current limiters including an electrical coil with a conductive coil wire wound around a segment of a core that conducts a closed magnetic flux are known in the art.
  • inductive voltage and current limiter in which a small part of the total volume of the core, which consists of ferromagnetic material of high permeability and low remanence, consists of a high-remanence and / or high coercive force ferromagnetic material.
  • the high remanence and / or high coercive force portion may be disposed in the magnetic bypass to the core and have at least one air gap.
  • the cores from a powder material containing iron or iron alloys.
  • the "powder cores” cause a more linear inductance profile even with a high magnetization of the core, i. when a high magnetic field strength is applied to the core, and circumvent the problem with conventional cores that unavoidable gaps occur at junctions of core parts composing the core, thereby changing the hysteresis characteristic of the electrical coil.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid controlled magnetic saturation of a magnetizable core material of an electrical coil of the type described above at currents in the turns of the conductive coil wire, which are in the range of a few hundred to several thousand amperes and the electric coil for the to optimize the respective application with regard to hysteresis losses, core material requirements and conductor material requirements.
  • the core drives into saturation.
  • the saturation of the core can be controlled avoided or the working range of the electric coil largely to the non-saturated region of the magnetization curve of the core be moved.
  • the electric coil can be easily optimized for the particular application.
  • the electric coil can provide a large inductance, even at high currents in the range of several thousand amperes, which can be used to limit the current.
  • the gap due to the small thickness of the gap, stray field losses are minimized. Since the total magnetic resistance of the core is increased by the gap (s), the magnetic flux through the core decreases, so that the core as a whole can be made smaller. This reduces costs for the core material and the size of the electric coil according to the invention can be reduced. In addition, by reducing the size of the core, the required conductor material, i. the material of the conductive coil wire can be reduced because the diameter of the windings around the core segment decreases, and thus resistive losses in the conductive coil wire are also reduced.
  • the nonlinear BH characteristic or hysteresis characteristic which in FIGS. 3A and 3B is explained in more detail, sheared, so the slope of the induction B with respect to the magnetic field strength H flattened and approximately linearized.
  • the effective area of the core is thereby restricted to the lower range of the BH characteristic of the high differential permeability core material dB / dH at the electric coil operating currents, and the magnetic hysteresis characteristic is effectively narrowed, thereby also reducing hysteresis losses.
  • the transmission ratio of primary to secondary can be maximized and linearized, thereby higher harmonic frequency components in the secondary current or the secondary voltage to the operating frequency can be reduced, as in FIGS. 4A and 4B is shown.
  • the thickness of the gap is designed to be small compared to a diameter of the core. As a result, stray field losses caused by the gap can be minimized.
  • a preferred embodiment arranges the gap in that segment of the core around which the conductive coil wire is wound. Since the inductive coupling is greatest in this segment, the gap at this point has the strongest effect of the magnetic resistance generated by it.
  • the gap is located outside the segment around which the conductive coil wire is wound. This arrangement facilitates access to the gap in the course of maintenance and inspection work.
  • Another preferred embodiment employs a core constructed of a plurality of parts, the gap being disposed at a junction between the parts of the core.
  • Yet another preferred embodiment employs a gap that occupies only an interior region of a transverse cross-section of the core to the magnetic flux, so that the gap is completely in the core is embedded.
  • this refinement improves the mechanical stability of the core and, on the other hand, by means of a magnetic bypass path produced in this way, leads to a further reduction of the stray field loss which is produced by the gap.
  • the non-magnetic material contained in the gap comprises air, a ceramic, an epoxy resin or another paramagnetic material.
  • air a ceramic, an epoxy resin or another paramagnetic material.
  • the core is preferably made of a soft magnetic material, such as iron or an iron alloy, to provide a magnetic flux path having low magnetic resistance and hence low magnetic losses.
  • the electrical coil is extended by a second electrical coil, which is also wound around the core, to a fault current limiting device or to a transformer in order to switch an inductance of the electrical coil in case of overcurrent.
  • the second electrical coil is preferably wound inside the electrical coil around the segment around which the electric coil is also wound in order to maximize the inductive coupling between the electric coils.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an electric coil 1, which comprises an iron core 2 and a coil 4 formed from a conductive coil wire 3, which is wound around a segment 5 of the iron core 2.
  • a magnetic flux ⁇ is formed in the iron core 2.
  • the strength exhibited by the magnetic flux ⁇ is determined by the magnetic flux density or induction B and a cross-sectional area of the electric coil 4.
  • gaps 6, 7 and 8 small thickness are introduced, which consist of a non-magnetizable material.
  • the non-magnetizable gaps 6, 7 and 8 are all shown with the same thickness d, but may also have different thicknesses, provided that they are all small compared to a diameter of the iron core 2 are.
  • the thickness of the gaps 6, 7, and 8 may be in a range of less than 1 mm to about 10 mm with a diameter of the iron core 2 of 400 mm.
  • gaps 6 are used which are arranged in that segment of the iron core 2 around which the conductive coil wire 3 is wound, since the inductive coupling between the coil wire 3 and the iron core 2 is strongest in this region.
  • gaps 7 Another preferred position for gaps of non-magnetisable material is represented by the gaps 7 arranged at junctions of an iron core 2 consisting of several parts. These joints offer themselves to the positioning of the column 7, as there is otherwise a significant design effort is necessary to make the connections so that there is no increased magnetic resistance and no stray field losses.
  • the gap 8 is an example of this and has - as well as the column 7 - the advantage of easy accessibility for inspection and maintenance purposes.
  • FIG. 1 Columns 6, 7 and 8 are shown to be transverse to the direction of magnetic flux ⁇ throughout the diameter extend through the iron core 2 and thus completely interrupt this.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment for the design of the small thickness column with a non-magnetizable material.
  • the in Fig. 2 shown gap 9 is disposed in an inner region of an iron core 2 '. In this case, the gap 9 occupies only the inner region of a transversely to the magnetic flux extending cross section of the iron core 2 ', so that it is completely embedded in the iron core 2'.
  • the embodiments of the column 6, 7 and 8 on the one hand and the gap 9 on the other hand can also be used in any combination in an iron core.
  • the magnetic flux ⁇ is impeded, ie the magnetic resistance, which is opposite to the magnetic flux ⁇ from the core, increases.
  • leakage flux fields are formed along the outer edges of the gaps, resulting in stray field losses.
  • These stray field losses can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the column as well as by using the column embodiment 9 of FIG Fig. 2 be reduced. With a small thickness of the column, the field lines of the stray field at the edges of the column are nearly parallel to each other and to the magnetic flux ⁇ of the core, thereby reducing the losses caused by the stray field.
  • the material with which the non-magnetizable gaps 6, 7, 8 and 9 can be filled need not be magnetizable, such as air, a ceramic material, an epoxy resin or generally a material with paramagnetic Properties.
  • air such as air, a ceramic material, an epoxy resin or generally a material with paramagnetic Properties.
  • ceramic material such as aluminum
  • epoxy resin such as epoxy resin
  • aluminum would be possible, but its susceptibility to the generation of eddy currents, which lead to eddy current losses, in practice negative.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show the principal course of the hysteresis curve or hysteresis curve of an iron core without gap ( Fig. 3A ) and an iron core with gap ( Fig. 3B ), such as the exemplary iron core 2 of Fig. 1 , at different magnitudes of applied current I.
  • the hysteresis curve of Fig. 3B compared to Fig. 3A sheared, ie flattened and linearized, so that a larger magnetic field strength H is necessary to achieve the same value of the magnetic induction B. This is also to achieve the saturation of the core, a larger magnetic field strength H or a larger current I in the electric coil 4 of Fig. 1 required.
  • the linearization of the hysteresis curve of the core leads to an effective narrowing of the hysteresis curve and thus to a reduction of hysteresis losses that occur, for example, when passing through the hysteresis curve, if at the electric coil 4 of Fig. 1 an alternating current is applied.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show a further advantageous effect, the use of the non-magnetizable gap in the iron core 2 offers.
  • the two in FIGS. 4A and 4B shown curves are the result of a simulation program in which an iron core (material steel 1008) is wrapped with an electric coil, wherein the core in Fig. 4A has no column while the core is in Fig. 4B was provided with four air gaps 6 of thickness 2 mm.
  • the electric coil is energized with alternating current at a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • Fig. 4A shows due to the lower magnetic resistance, a much higher amplitude of the magnetic flux than Fig. 4B , While Fig. 4B shows a nearly ideal sinusoidal course, ie only minimal distortions or harmonics, the curve of Fig. 4A clearly recognizable deviations from an ideal sinusoid. These deviations are caused by the saturation of the core and lead to harmonics and distortions, which have a negative effect on the signal quality and also lead to undesirable losses.
  • the use of one or more gaps of small thickness with non-magnetizable material in a magnetizable core of an electrical coil allows a magnetic saturation of the current to be avoided by shearing the B-H characteristic of the core thereby reducing hysteresis losses.
  • the use of a plurality of small thickness gaps with non-magnetizable material also enables the reduction of stray field losses that occur at these gaps due to the small thickness of the individual gaps, thereby enabling the realization of an overall greater total resistance of the core.
  • the core as a whole can be downsized, which leads to an overall smaller and more compact design of the electrical coil or the residual current device and to a reduction in the amount of the required coil wire and the associated ohmic resistance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP12174768A 2011-07-14 2012-07-03 Bobine destinée à la limitation du courant Withdrawn EP2546842A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011107252A DE102011107252A1 (de) 2011-07-14 2011-07-14 Spule zur Strombegrenzung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2546842A2 true EP2546842A2 (fr) 2013-01-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12174768A Withdrawn EP2546842A2 (fr) 2011-07-14 2012-07-03 Bobine destinée à la limitation du courant

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20130176093A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2546842A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011107252A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109842368A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-06-04 苏州长风自动化科技有限公司 一种具有浪涌保护功能的智能检测单元和汇流箱
WO2020070309A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-09 Abb Schweiz Ag Agencement de noyau magnétique, dispositif inductif et dispositif d'installation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105723810A (zh) * 2013-11-26 2016-06-29 株式会社日立制作所 高电压发生装置及具备高电压发生装置的x射线拍摄装置
DE102013225875A1 (de) * 2013-12-13 2015-07-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Führung eines magnetischen Flusses
US10600562B2 (en) * 2016-03-31 2020-03-24 Fsp Technology Inc. Manufacturing method of magnetic element
CN105761880B (zh) * 2016-04-20 2017-12-29 华为技术有限公司 一种薄膜电感和电源转换电路
DE102019211948A1 (de) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Schutz eines Wechselstromgeräts

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3202600A1 (de) 1981-01-27 1982-09-09 Zumtobel AG, 6850 Dornbirn Induktiver spannungs- oder strombegrenzer

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US4795959A (en) * 1985-04-22 1989-01-03 Lesco Development Harmonic inductor for generation of an energy conserving power wave
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US5313176A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-17 Motorola Lighting, Inc. Integrated common mode and differential mode inductor device
JPH08101727A (ja) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-16 Sony Corp 位相変調回路
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DE3202600A1 (de) 1981-01-27 1982-09-09 Zumtobel AG, 6850 Dornbirn Induktiver spannungs- oder strombegrenzer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109842368A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-06-04 苏州长风自动化科技有限公司 一种具有浪涌保护功能的智能检测单元和汇流箱
WO2020070309A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-09 Abb Schweiz Ag Agencement de noyau magnétique, dispositif inductif et dispositif d'installation

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US20130176093A1 (en) 2013-07-11
DE102011107252A1 (de) 2013-01-17

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