EP3133238A1 - Systeme de construction de tunnels - Google Patents

Systeme de construction de tunnels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3133238A1
EP3133238A1 EP16163987.7A EP16163987A EP3133238A1 EP 3133238 A1 EP3133238 A1 EP 3133238A1 EP 16163987 A EP16163987 A EP 16163987A EP 3133238 A1 EP3133238 A1 EP 3133238A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
portal
elements
bohrfräswalzen
rollers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16163987.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3133238B1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Zehnder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zehmei AG
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Zehmei AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Zehmei AG filed Critical Zehmei AG
Publication of EP3133238A1 publication Critical patent/EP3133238A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3133238B1 publication Critical patent/EP3133238B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunneling system with a milling machine for trenchless creation of a tunnel through a soil. It relates in particular to a system for constructing a tunnel by pulling in several tunnel elements in succession.
  • a tunneling system for the trenchless creation of a tunnel is in CH708408 disclosed.
  • a method and an apparatus for drawing in tunnel elements by means of threaded tension rods are described, which run outside the tunnel elements in holes from a start portal through the ground to a target portal. Pressing cylinders at the start portal feed a tunneling section and tunnel elements into the ground.
  • Milling machines for tunneling are known.
  • a machine for excavating soil is disclosed in the propulsion of tunnels with multiple scrapers. These are arranged offset one above the other, in that the axes of rotation of the one scraper rollers lie in a first front plane and the axes of rotation of further scraper rollers lie in a second rear plane.
  • the scrapers are rotatable in both directions.
  • the tunneling system has a start portal and a target portal, which are connected to tension rods, in particular threaded tension rods, which are arranged in holes through the ground.
  • tension rods in particular threaded tension rods
  • the bores through the soil outside the cross-sectional area of the tunnel elements to be recovered run.
  • Several press cylinders or electric motors with threaded gears are arranged on the side of the start portal and are connected via the clamping elements in operative connection with the target portal. By means of the press cylinders or electric motors with threaded gears, the tunnel elements are drawn into the ground.
  • the target portal can be used as anchorage when the tunnel is being constructed.
  • a milling machine preferably full-width milling machine, is arranged in operative connection with the first tunnel element in the direction of advance of the system.
  • the milling machine as a whole has a plurality of individually controllable Bohrfräswalzen, all of which are arranged in a plane at the front end of the first tunnel element.
  • a plurality of Bohrfräswalzen are arranged one above the other by the waves of the rolls vertically above one another and parallel to each other.
  • Each of the Bohrfräswalzen has a drive assigned to it.
  • the milling machine is modular, in that each of the superimposed Bohrfräswalzen have at least three juxtaposed and coaxial rolling elements, which are individually removable and installable.
  • Each of the roller parts forms a roller for itself.
  • the tunnel elements consist for example of a reinforced concrete pipe, for example in a square shape.
  • each drill mill consists of a plurality of individual juxtaposed roller parts
  • the milling machine as such has a modular structure, with each individual roller part forming a module.
  • a modular structure allows a structure and in particular an expansion of the individual modules by two people using a lifting crane or the like. This allows, for example, the expansion of a single Bohrfräswalze in the event that an obstacle like a boulder is in the ground. After removal of the roller, the obstacle can be removed manually and the roller can then be used again to continue working in Vollfräsfunktion.
  • the roller parts are each constructed of two half-shells without a continuous drive shaft. This further facilitates the removal and installation of a roller.
  • the drives of the Bohrfräswalzen are each arranged between two of the roller parts in a drive box. In the field of drives so no milling function can be performed.
  • the individual Bohrfräswalzen are laterally oscillating horizontally movable in the direction of their waves. As a result, the soil can also be removed in the area of the drives and thus across the entire width of the milling machine and the tunnel construction system.
  • the laterally oscillating movability is realized by means of a drive, a thread and a guide (7) which are designed to move all superimposed drill milling drums overall horizontally over at least the area of a drive of the drilled milling drums.
  • the plurality of superimposed Bohrfräswalzen each be individually driven at each individual speed. This allows individual adjustment of the speed of each single roller according to the nature and density of the soil in the area of each roller.
  • the modular design allows for the necessary removal of a single foundling removal roller, after which the roller in question is reinstalled and the full-cut function can be continued. After completion of such interruptions, the individual drive of the individual Bohrfräswalzen together with the oscillating horizontal mobility of the rollers allows a particular continuous Vollmalefräsfunktion that can be carried out even with irregular soil continuously by a single operator by the drives of the individual rolls on sight and hearing be regulated.
  • the Bohrfräswalzen and their drives are designed such that the Bohrfräswalzen are rotatable down by the roller at its outermost, the ground facing surface is rotatable down and the milled soil down and then back to back the roller is transported. This direction of rotation is particularly advantageous when the soil is hard and dense.
  • the Bohrfräswalzen and their drives are designed such that the Bohrfräswalzen are upwardly rotatable by the roller at its outermost, facing the ground surface is rotatable and the milled soil up and then back to back the roller is transported.
  • This direction of rotation is particularly advantageous when the soil is loose and soft.
  • This direction of rotation creates multiple benefits.
  • the milled soil mostly falls inside the tunneling system, ie the material is moved up and then back on the outer side of each roller and then falls down on the inner side of the respective roller. Thus, no or very little material falls on the outer side of the milling. The removal of the milled material is thus much easier. On the other hand slipping of decomposing material is prevented.
  • the individual Bohrfräswalzen each round chisel which are aligned at an angle to the radial of the roller, so that they are directed at their outermost, facing the ground surface upwards.
  • the drives of the drill milling drums and drives for the horizontal movement of the rollers are realized by electric motors. These allow a drive of the rollers, which is in the sensitivity of the drive equal to the drive by a hydraulic motor.
  • the use of electric motors also provides today's significant advantage that contamination of the soil by leaking oil is completely prevented and risks of contamination are excluded and no effort to remedy impurities.
  • a conveyor belt system for transporting away the milled ground is arranged in the interior of the tunnel construction system.
  • this conveyor belt system consists of several bands running in parallel.
  • the Gaps between the individual bands covered by a T-profile to prevent clogging of the system by falling material.
  • the tunneling system includes rolls of sheet material, e.g. in the form of sheet metal, which can be entrained during excavation between soil and tunnel elements.
  • the rolls of sheet are located at the top or bottom of the building system or both.
  • the tunneling system also has a device for injecting and distributing lubricant between the flat material and the tunnel element.
  • the tunneling system has a guide roller, which is mounted non-positively above the upper ceiling wall and below the lower bottom wall of the rectangular concrete pipe of the tunnel elements at the start portal. This serves to avoid deviations in flight, fell or slope as possible.
  • the tunnel construction system has a steel construction with transverse to the feed direction of the tunnel elements extending steel brackets, which is anchored on a site created concrete floor slab on the start portal, non-positively.
  • two height-adjustable and laterally adjustable U-profiles are mounted on the steel consoles. These allow corrections of lateral deviations as well as deviations in the height of the tunnel elements.
  • Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the tunneling system T with feeding device for tunneling elements, as it is in the collection of prefabricated tunnel elements 5 in the ground 12.
  • the tunnel to be built as underpass or walk-in media channel under a railway line or highway is located between a start portal 1 and the destination portal 2, which each have recesses for the tunnel elements 5 of rectangular concrete pipes and clamping elements 3. These extend from the target portal 2 to beyond the starting portal 1 and make it possible to use the target portal 2 as a counter anchorage when pulling the tunnel elements 5 by retracting drives 11.
  • the start portal 1 stands on a reinforced concrete slab 14.
  • the clamping elements 3 are bolted via steel girders 4 at the destination portal 2 and at the start portal 1.
  • clamping elements include rods, eg prestressing steel rods.
  • the end of a respective clamping element 5 at the start portal 1 is in operative connection with a retraction drive 11.
  • the retraction drive 11 each comprises a pressing cylinder or electric motor with threaded gear 11, which are connected to the (not shown) machine unit and individually controlled.
  • the electric motors with thread gear or press cylinder act, so that the end of a clamping element 3 can be passed, wherein press cylinder, for example, are formed hydraulically and as a cavity cylinder.
  • the end of the clamping element 3 is connected by means of detachable connection firmly with the housing of the thread gear or press cylinder.
  • the end has a thread, which can be secured to the housing of the thread or press cylinder by means of screwable retaining plate.
  • the tunneling system T has a milling machine 8 with an electric drive as a propulsion part, which is fastened to the first tunnel component 5 by means of supporting elements 7, which are shown schematically here.
  • the milling machine 8 is in particular a full-width milling machine and has a plurality of superimposed Bohrfräswalzen 20 with shafts 21.
  • the milled from the milling machine 8 earth material is transported by the rollers 20 to the rear inside the tunneling system, where it falls down on a conveyor belt system 50 and is transported through this for removal to the outside.
  • the tunneling system 1 also has two sheet-metal rollers 6, which are fixed to the first tunnel element 5 above and below and are rolled during the collection of the tunnel element, so that a sheet 6 'between the soil 12 and the upper ceiling wall and the bottom of the rectangular concrete pipe of the tunnel element 5 comes to rest there and significantly reduced the resistance of the collection.
  • the system has a lubricant device with lubricant channels 9.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rectangular tunnel element 5 and laid in the soil 12 clamping elements 3.
  • the plate 6 'of sheet metal rollers 6 in FIG. 1 is unrolled over the top wall and below the bottom of the tunnel element 5 via rollers 6a.
  • a lubricant is injected via channels 9 in the space between the metal sheet and concrete pipe of the tunnel element 5.
  • FIGS. 3a and b show the lubricant device 9 in detail with lubricant pump 15, lubricant supply pipes 16, vertical lubricant supply pipes 17 through the concrete floor or through the concrete floor and horizontal distribution grooves 17 'parallel to the surface of the horizontally lying sheets.
  • FIGS. 4a and b . 5 and 6a . b show in detail an embodiment of a milling machine 8 of the tunnel construction system according to the invention from different angles. It has in the embodiment shown four superposed rollers 20, wherein the number of rollers can be arbitrary. They are mounted on shafts 21, which are parallel to each other and are arranged vertically one above the other so that they cover the entire flat, vertical surface to be milled. Each of the four rollers 20 has, as in FIGS. 4a . b , and 6a . b shown, an associated drive with electric motor 22-25, which can rotate the rollers 20 in both directions. The gears for the rotation of the rollers are each housed in gear box 26. These are in FIG. 4a visible for the two middle rollers 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows the rollers 20 of the milling machine 8 in a front view and in particular the modular structure of the rollers 20 and the gear box 23.
  • the rollers 20 each consist of three laterally arranged roller parts 20a, b, c, equipped with round chisels 27 are.
  • the gear box 26 and other box 26 ' are arranged, wherein the box 26 each include a gear for the rotation of the relevant roller part 20abc and the box 26' are empty.
  • the arrangement of the drives and empty box 26 ' is associated with FIGS. 6a . b explained in more detail.
  • FIG. 5 also shows the housing 28 of the milling machine, wherein the housing 25 is shown recessed in the field of milling to show the milling as a whole.
  • the milling machine 8 is fixed to the housing 28 of the driving part, wherein the Attachment by means of the drive box 26 and empty boxes 26 'and to the box 26, 26' and the support elements 7 is realized.
  • the support elements 7 are screwed to the lateral housing wall 28 by screw 7a and the housing wall 28 is in turn in the side wall of the rectangular concrete pipe of the tunnel element 5 from FIG. 1 anchored, which is pulled into the ground with the tunneling system.
  • the shafts 21 are each also secured to the side wall of the housing 28.
  • the electric motors for the drives 22 and 25 for the top and bottom rollers 20 are each arranged obliquely for reasons of space, as in FIG. 4a and 6a , b shown. Due to the oblique arrangement of the lowermost and uppermost motors 22 and 25, the electric motors 23 and 24 of the drives for the two middle rollers 20 are laterally offset relative to the motors 22 and 25, as in FIGS. 6a . b shown.
  • FIG. 6a shows the oblique arrangement of the motors 22 for the top and bottom rollers 20 and the gear box 26. In the vertical between these two motors 22 and 25, empty boxes 26 'between the roller parts 20a and b of the two central rollers 20 are arranged.
  • FIG. 6b shows the motors 23 and 24 for the two middle rollers 20, which are arranged between the roller parts 20c and b.
  • FIG. 6b also shows the connection of the gear box 23 and the empty box 23 'with the support members 7, which as mentioned are connected to the housing wall and the concrete wall of the tunnel element.
  • the support elements 7 also serve as a guide for the laterally horizontal oscillating movement of all Bohrfräswalzen 20 as a whole.
  • a drive with motor 30 and thread 31 is arranged connected to the upper support element 7.
  • FIGS. 4a . b , and 6a . b also show the chassis 40 of the driving part with milling machine. This comprises support elements 41 and 42, wherein the support elements 42 are connected to the housing wall 28.
  • the circular chisels 24 of the rollers 20 are directed upwards, ie they are oriented at an angle from the radial of the rollers, so that they are directed upwards on the outer side, which faces the ground.
  • These rollers are oriented for an upward rotation, ie upwards on the outer side of the roller.
  • the milled material is thereby pushed upwards, whereby the soil is compacted above the tunnel construction system. This leads to the advantages as described above.
  • the material is pushed upwards and then back into the interior of the machine, where it falls down and is transported from there by the conveyor belt system 50 out to the start portal, as in FIG. 1 shown.
  • the tunnel construction system has for the removal of the milled material on a conveyor belt system 50 for the removal of the milled earth, which is arranged in the lower region of the propulsion part, as in FIGS. 4a . b and 6a . b shown.
  • the plant 50 as in FIG. 7 shown in detail, has three longitudinal and parallel horizontal conveyor belts 51, 52 which convey material to the rear. Material from the two outer bands 51 is transported by two further conveyor belts 53 laterally toward the center on the centrally arranged conveyor belt 52, wherein the conveyor belts 53 are perpendicular to the conveyor belts 51 and 52.
  • the conveyor belt system 50 is operated by an electric motor 54.
  • the milling machine 8 has baffles 55, which are arranged at the level of the lateral ends of the rollers 20, and serve to direct falling material on the lateral conveyor belts 51 and to prevent falling of material outside the bands. Between the outer conveyor belts 51 and the central conveyor belt 52 T-profiles 56 are arranged, as in FIGS. 8a and b shown a fall of the Milling material between the individual longitudinal conveyor belts 51, 52, in particular during the lateral transport of the material from the outer conveyor belts 52 to the central conveyor belt 51, and prevent clogging of the plant.
  • one side 56 'of the T-profile is arranged below the movable band 51' of the outer conveyor belt 51 while the other side 56 "of the T-profile is arranged above the movable band 52 'of the central conveyor belt 52.
  • the T-profile 56 is firmly mounted so that it does not move with the movable belts 51 'and 52'.
  • the sheet metal rollers 6 are shown, of the during the retraction of the tunnel elements a sheet 6' each have a roller 6a between the concrete floor or the concrete floor of the quadrangular tunnel element and pulled into the soil.
EP16163987.7A 2015-08-20 2016-04-06 Systeme de construction de tunnels Active EP3133238B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH11982015 2015-08-20

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3133238A1 true EP3133238A1 (fr) 2017-02-22
EP3133238B1 EP3133238B1 (fr) 2020-10-07

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EP16163987.7A Active EP3133238B1 (fr) 2015-08-20 2016-04-06 Systeme de construction de tunnels

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EP (1) EP3133238B1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1205576B (de) * 1963-03-30 1965-11-25 Wayss & Freytag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Abbau der Ortsbrust bei in Schildbauweiseoder im Rohrdurchpressverfahren aufzufahrenden Tunneln oder Stollen
DE1534632B1 (de) 1966-08-09 1970-01-29 Holzmann Philipp Ag Einrichtung zum Abbauen von Boden beim Vortrieb von Tunneln,Stollen,Graeben od.dgl.
CH708408B1 (de) 2014-05-28 2015-02-13 Anton Zehnder Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bau eines Tunnels.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1205576B (de) * 1963-03-30 1965-11-25 Wayss & Freytag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Abbau der Ortsbrust bei in Schildbauweiseoder im Rohrdurchpressverfahren aufzufahrenden Tunneln oder Stollen
DE1534632B1 (de) 1966-08-09 1970-01-29 Holzmann Philipp Ag Einrichtung zum Abbauen von Boden beim Vortrieb von Tunneln,Stollen,Graeben od.dgl.
CH708408B1 (de) 2014-05-28 2015-02-13 Anton Zehnder Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bau eines Tunnels.

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EP3133238B1 (fr) 2020-10-07

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