EP3124131A1 - Dispositif et procede destine a durcir et guider un semi-produit en forme de tige - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede destine a durcir et guider un semi-produit en forme de tige Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3124131A1
EP3124131A1 EP16181995.8A EP16181995A EP3124131A1 EP 3124131 A1 EP3124131 A1 EP 3124131A1 EP 16181995 A EP16181995 A EP 16181995A EP 3124131 A1 EP3124131 A1 EP 3124131A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
receptacle
roller
finished product
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16181995.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3124131B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Frey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zollern & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Zollern & Co KG GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3124131A1 publication Critical patent/EP3124131A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
    • B21D3/04—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers arranged on axes skew to the path of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for hardening and straightening a rod-shaped semi-finished product made of metal, in particular of steel or another hardenable metal alloy.
  • the rod-shaped semi-finished product may be a rod (solid material) or a tube (hollow inside).
  • the object of the invention is to specify a device and a method for hardening and straightening a bar-shaped semifinished product, which permits a faster process sequence compared with the inductive continuous method, wherein the hardened bar-shaped semi-finished product has a high degree of precision after hardening and straightening to meet the straightness.
  • the invention relates to a device for straightening and in particular hardening of a rod-shaped semi-finished metal, in particular of a metal Straightening device or a straightening and hardening device.
  • the metal may be a steel material or another metal or metal alloy. Examples of suitable steel materials are: 100Cr6, HS 6-5-2, X90CrMoV18, Cf53. Of course, other materials are also suitable for use with the apparatus or for carrying out the method described herein.
  • the invention is based on the idea of a rod-shaped semi-finished product in a state heated at least to or above the austenitizing temperature between a plurality of first rollers, a plurality of second rollers and a plurality of third rollers, which are also referred to as upper rollers or upper rollers can enclose at a plurality of distributed over the length and the circumference of the semifinished parts and to dive into a liquid cooling medium with rotation of the rollers and thus of the semi-finished product with a substantially horizontal orientation of the rod-shaped semi-finished product. Due to the rotating rollers, the semifinished product is quenched in the cooling medium, d. H. while hardening, at the same time directed at its straightness. With the device, an extremely fast production process for hardened rod-shaped semi-finished products can be realized, which is significantly faster than the prior art mentioned above.
  • the device may have a plurality of roller pairs arranged along the longitudinal direction of a receptacle for the rod-shaped semifinished product.
  • Each pair of rollers may have a first rotatable roller and a second rotatable roller.
  • a plurality of first rollers and a plurality of second rollers may be present.
  • the diameter of the rotatable rollers may for example be larger, in particular at least five times larger than that Be the diameter of the processed bar-shaped semifinished product.
  • the first rotatable roller and the second rotatable roller are staggered along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle.
  • the adjacent first and second rollers of adjacent roller pairs are also offset from each other.
  • first and second rollers of a pair of rollers this preferably also applies to the first and second rollers of the other pairs of rollers.
  • the axis of rotation of the first roller and the axis of rotation of the second roller are offset from each other, whereby in the projection along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle between the first and second rollers, a gap or a V-shaped recess which forms, for example, the receptacle for the semifinished product may be, in which the semi-finished is insertable. If there is a gap in the projection, then the gap distance is preferably significantly less than the outer diameter of the semifinished product.
  • the gap or V-shaped recess causes the first roller to be applied or abutted at a first angular position on the circumference of the rod-shaped semi-finished product insertable or inlaid in the receptacle, and the second roller at a second angular position different from the first angular position on the circumference of the insertable or inserted into the receptacle rod-shaped semi-finished is applied or created.
  • the force acting on the semi-finished this in z. B. hold the V-shaped receptacle.
  • Gravity pushes the rod-shaped semifinished product at least with a force component to the first and second roller of the roller pair.
  • the first rollers, the second rollers and / or the upper rollers may have a crowned or a cylindrical running surface.
  • the first and second rollers may have a crowned tread and the top rollers may have a cylindrical or crowned tread.
  • the first and second rollers may be rotatably mounted and / or attached to a roller bed carrier.
  • the device comprises a plurality of upper rollers, which are arranged offset along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle to the first and second rollers and at a third angular position on the circumference of the insertable or inserted into the receptacle rod-shaped semi-finished or applied.
  • the longitudinal direction of the receptacle corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product when the semifinished product is inserted into the receptacle.
  • an upper roller at the third angular position can be applied to the circumference of the semifinished product or rest.
  • an upper roller along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle between the first and second roller of a roller pair and / or between the first and second roller, which are adjacent may be arranged in each case by two adjacent roller pairs.
  • the longitudinal direction of the receptacle or the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product can thus result in the following order for roles: first role, upper role, second role, upper role, first role, upper role, second role, upper role, etc.
  • a drive element such as. B. a drive motor
  • the z. B. may be configured as an electric motor, directly or indirectly, such as. Example, be coupled via a gear so with the first rollers and / or the second rollers, and / or the upper rollers, that the drive unit can drive the first rollers, the second rollers or the upper rollers rotating.
  • the rotational movement of the rollers can be transferred to the rod-shaped semi-finished product in which the rollers roll over the circumference of the semifinished product.
  • the drive can drive at least the first rollers and the second rollers, wherein the upper rollers z. B. may be freely rotatable, such as. B. can be taken by the rotational movement of the semifinished product.
  • the first rollers may be seated on a common shaft driven by the drive.
  • the second rollers can sit on a second shaft, which is drivable by the drive motor.
  • the first rollers may be seated on a first driveline, wherein a respective cardan joint may be disposed between adjacent first rollers to provide e.g. B. to allow the inclination of the first drive wheels.
  • the second rollers can sit on a common second drive train, wherein between adjacent second rollers also a universal joint can be arranged.
  • the drive unit may be connected via a transmission with a drive shaft, wherein the drive shaft may have a rotationally fixed thereon disposed drive wheel, wherein the drive wheel, the first output gear and the second output gear of a traction drive, such.
  • a V-belt a flat belt, a belt in general, a chain or preferably a toothed belt can be wrapped at least over part of its circumference.
  • the traction mechanism allows at least slight inclinations of the first and second rollers, since the traction means can compensate for small angular misalignments.
  • the traction means in particular the belt or toothed belt transmits the rotational movement of the drive shaft to the first and second output gear.
  • a traction mechanism drive can be provided.
  • the respective drive wheels for the traction drives can sit on a common drive shaft, the drive means, in particular the engine, such as. B. via the transmission, is driven in rotation and z. B. extends along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle, in particular parallel thereto.
  • the rotatable top rollers are preferably attached to a top roller carrier.
  • an associated with him actuator may be provided, such.
  • a fluidic cylinder in particular a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, wherein the upper roller is attached to the actuator and the actuator is preferably attached to the upper roller carrier.
  • the upper rollers may be movable toward and away from the receiver or semifinished product by means of their respective actuator, in particular in groups or individually relative to the roller carrier, towards the receiver or semifinished product.
  • the force with which the respective upper roller presses on the semifinished product can be controlled via the pressure in the fluidic cylinder.
  • the piston of the fluidic cylinder may be linearly guided with respect to the cylinder housing of the fluidic cylinder and not be rotatable. The same applies alternatively or additionally for the piston-mounted receptacle for the rotatable upper roller.
  • roller bed carrier and the upper roller carrier by means of a guide, in particular linear guide be connected so that the upper roller carrier is moved away together with the actuators and the upper rollers to the receptacle or semifinished product and from the receptacle or semi-finished, in particular linearly movable.
  • a guide in particular linear guide be connected so that the upper roller carrier is moved away together with the actuators and the upper rollers to the receptacle or semifinished product and from the receptacle or semi-finished, in particular linearly movable.
  • an actuator may be provided, in particular a fluidic cylinder, such.
  • a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder which can move the upper roller carrier to the recording or semi-finished and out of the recording or the semi-finished product.
  • a stop and a counter-stop can be arranged, wherein the stop and the counter-stop abut each other when the upper roller carrier is in its delivered to the semifinished position or lowered position.
  • At least one of stop and counter stop is adjustable with respect to its distance, so that the stroke of the top roll carrier is adjustable.
  • the adjustable stop can be arranged either on the upper roller carrier or the roller bed carrier, wherein a distance between the counter-stop and the stop manually, d. H. manually or mechanically, such. B. is adjustable via a servo motor.
  • a coolant tank or - basin which is open at the top, be arranged, the or with liquid coolant such.
  • liquid coolant such as water, oil or a water-oil emulsion for quenching (rapid cooling) of the semifinished product is filled.
  • the Device may for this purpose have a machine frame, wherein between the machine frame and the roller bed carrier kinematically a guide is arranged, wherein the guide z. B.
  • roller bed carrier in particular as a unit with the top roller carrier or together with the top roller carrier with respect to the machine frame between a raised position in which the semifinished product or the receptacle above the liquid level, and a lowered position, in which the semifinished product or the receptacle below the liquid level, is movable back and forth, in particular by means of an actuator such.
  • the axes of rotation of the first roller, the second roller and the upper roller may be skewed to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped semifinished product or the longitudinal direction of the receptacle that the first roller, the second roller and the upper roller along a helical curve at the periphery of the rod-shaped semifinished product are unroll or roll whereby the rod-shaped semi-finished product along the longitudinal direction of the receptacle with a combined rotational and axial movement, in particular a screwing movement is transportable.
  • a combined rotational and axial movement in particular a screwing movement
  • the axes of rotation of the first rollers are offset parallel to each other and the axes of rotation of the second rollers are also offset parallel to each other.
  • the axes of rotation of the first roller and the second roller with respect to the longitudinal direction of the receptacle or the longitudinal axis of the insertable into the receptacle rod-shaped semifinished product may be arranged at an acute angle, in particular at an angle between 1 and 30 °.
  • the axes of rotation of the first roller and the second roller with respect to an imaginary straight line which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the receptacle or the longitudinal axis of the receptacle-insertable bar-shaped semifinished product and the respective axis of rotation cuts can be arranged at said acute angle.
  • the rotational plane spanned by the rotatability of the first and second rollers and upper rollers can be at an acute angle to a cross-sectional plane whose surface normal is the longitudinal direction of the receptacle or the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped semifinished product.
  • the device may comprise an ejection mechanism adapted to eject the rod-shaped semifinished product from the receptacle laterally and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the receptacle.
  • the device may have a support mechanism which is adapted to hold the rod-shaped semi-finished product in a raised position in or in the region of the receptacle, in particular to hold it above the receptacle, in which position the rod-shaped semifinished product is arranged without contact with the first and second rollers , Further, the support mechanism is adapted to lower the rod-shaped semi-finished product from the raised position to a position in which the rod-shaped semi-finished product bears against the first and second rollers and in particular is non-contact with the support mechanism. In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the semifinished product heated to hardening temperature is not deprived of too much heat if it is already in the overlay and z. B. the device is not ready for immersion.
  • a furnace in particular an annealing furnace, which has an opening which is arranged in alignment with the longitudinal direction of the receptacle, wherein the apparatus further comprises a gripper with a drive, in particular a linear drive, which is adapted, a rod-shaped Remove semi-finished product through the opening of the oven from the oven and to move with a movement along the longitudinal direction of the recording in the recording or z. B. on the support mechanism or store directly on the first and second roles.
  • the gripper can pull the semi-finished product into the position in which it is in the raised position by means of the support mechanism.
  • the invention further relates to a method for hardening and straightening a rod-shaped semi-finished metal, wherein a, for example, completely over or at least heated to the Austenitmaschinestemperatur rod-shaped steel semifinished in the receptacle of the device, as described for. B. is described herein or claimed, is placed, wherein the upper rollers are placed on the circumference of the rod-shaped semi-finished product, and the rod-shaped semi-finished product, in particular by rotation of the first and second rollers, is immersed under rotation about its longitudinal axis in the preferably liquid cooling medium, in particular with a substantially horizontally oriented semi-finished product (approximately parallel to the liquid surface). It is important that before and during the immersion and also during the immersion, ie the cooling of the semi-finished product, the rollers rotate and thus also the semi-finished product is rotated, whereby it is straightened during hardening with respect to its straightness.
  • the rod-shaped semi-finished product can be transported along the longitudinal direction by means of a simultaneous rotational and axial movement, in particular a screwing movement.
  • the or only the upper rollers are delivered to the recording or applied to the circumference of the semifinished product, below which the semifinished product is or, in particular by means of the screw movement, moves therethrough. This prevents the semifinished product from being transported against an end face of a roll, which could cause the straightening process to be disturbed.
  • the actuators of the upper rollers are preferably controlled so that the upper rollers are pressed with a force against the circumference of the rod-shaped semi-finished product, which is at least so large that thereby subject to bending semi-finished at least in its outermost fiber or over its entire cross section on the yield strength is stretched.
  • the top rollers have z. B. with a depending on the duration of immersion of the rotating rod-shaped semi-finished increasing force against the rod-shaped semi-finished product. Ie. in other words, that the pressing force of the upper rollers is increased to the periphery of the semifinished product with increasing duration of immersion of the semifinished product against the semifinished product.
  • the force can over the period z. B. be linear or non-linear rising.
  • FIG. 1 a roll bed unit 20 is shown, which has an example table-shaped roller bed carrier 27 which in the FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown shortened, resulting in the gap between the sections of the roller bed carrier 27.
  • a plurality of pairs of rollers 23 along a longitudinal direction L (dash-dotted line) arranged with respect to the direction of gravity substantially horizontal receptacle 71 for the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 are lined up.
  • the roller pairs 23 or each of the pairs of rollers 23 comprises a first roller 21, which may also be referred to as a first lower roller, and a second roller 22, which may also be referred to as a second lower roller.
  • the axis of rotation of the first roller 21 is offset, such as offset in parallel or angularly offset from the axis of rotation of the second roller 22 of the roller pair 23.
  • the first rotatable roller 21 and the second rotatable roller 22 of the or each roller pair 23 are arranged offset from each other along the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71.
  • the receptacle 71 is the region in which the bar-shaped semifinished product 70 is located when it is intended for insertion into the roll bed for the straightening or hardening process, such as, for example, in the longitudinal direction between the first and second rollers 21, 22 formed V-shaped area.
  • the first and second rollers 21, 22 of one or each roller pair 23 are arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71 offset from the first and second rollers 21, 22 of the adjacent roller pair 23 or the adjacent roller pairs 23.
  • a first roller 21 and a second roller 22 are alternately arranged.
  • the first roller 21 or at least the major part of the first roller 21 is based on an imaginary, vertically extending, ie parallel to the direction of gravity plane in which the receptacle 71 is located (mathematically idealized: each point of the receptacle 71 is in the plane, ie there are infinitely many points of intersection), on one side of the plane and the second roller 22 or at least the major part of the second roller 22 on the other side of the plane.
  • the first roller 21 can abut at a first angular position on the circumference of the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 which can be inserted into the receptacle 71, and the second roller 22 can rotate at a second angular position different from the first angular position on the circumference of the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 which can be inserted into the receptacle 71 issue.
  • the semi-finished product 70 When the semi-finished product 70 is inserted into the receptacle 71, it can rest with its circumference on the peripheral surfaces of the first and second rollers 21, 22.
  • a V-shaped area is formed between the rollers 21, 22 of the roller pair 23, in which the receptacle 71 is arranged or forms the receptacle 71, or / and the semifinished product 70 is arranged or becomes ( FIG. 4 ).
  • the V-shaped region there may be a gap between the rollers 21, 22 in the projection, but the gap width thereof would have to be smaller than the outer diameter of the semifinished product 70.
  • each bearing block 24 On the roller bed carrier 27, in particular on its upper side, ie the side opposite to the direction of gravity, a plurality of bearing blocks 24 arranged in the longitudinal direction L lined up or attached to the roller bed carrier 27, wherein each bearing block 24 has a first roller 21st and a second roller 22 rotatably supports.
  • the first roller 21 and the second roller 22 of each bearing block 24 may form a pair of rollers 23.
  • a first roller 21 of a bearing block 24 with its adjacent second roller 22 of the adjacent bearing block 24 form the pair of rollers 23.
  • each first roller 21 can form a roller pair 23 with one of its adjacent second rollers 22.
  • the bearing blocks 24 have on their upper side between the first and second rollers 21, 22 a recess for the receptacle 71 or the semi-finished product 70 in order to provide sufficient space for the semifinished product 70 when it is inserted into the receptacle 71.
  • the apparatus comprises a top roller support unit 40 comprising a top roller support 44, a plurality of top rollers 41, also referred to as top rollers, and a plurality of actuators 42.
  • Each roller 41 is assigned its own actuator 42.
  • the rollers 41 are rotatably supported at their respective actuator 42 about the roller rotation axis.
  • the actuator 42 is preferably a fluidic cylinder, such as a pneumatic cylinder or alternatively a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the actuator 42 has a cylinder housing and a relative to the cylinder housing, in particular by means of pneumatic or hydraulic, axially displaceable piston which is rotationally fixed with respect to the cylinder housing about the piston longitudinal axis.
  • the cylinder housing is axially and rotationally fixed to the upper roller carrier 44.
  • the actuator 42 By means of the actuator 42, the roller 41 to the receptacle 71 or the semifinished product 70 or the roller bed carrier 27 toward and away from the receptacle 71 or the semifinished product 70 or the roller bed carrier 27 away.
  • the roller bed unit 20 has a guide 53, in particular a column guide or linear guide, on which a guide body of the upper roller support unit 40, which is connected to the upper roller support 44, is guided linearly displaceable, whereby the upper roller support unit 40, ie the upper roller support 44 as a unit with the actuators 42 and the rollers 41 to the receptacle 71 or the semifinished product 70 or the roller bed carrier 27 toward and away from the receptacle 71 or the semifinished product 70 or the roller bed carrier 27 is movable.
  • a guide 53 in particular a column guide or linear guide
  • an actuator 50 in particular fluidic cylinder, such as a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, arranged, which has a cylinder housing and a relative to the cylinder housing axially, in particular pneumatically or hydraulically displaceable piston.
  • fluidic cylinder such as a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder
  • the actuator 50 By means of the actuator 50, the upper roller support unit 40 between a raised position, as for example in the FIG. 6 is shown, and a lowered position relative to the roller bed carrier 27 back and forth.
  • the upper roller carrying unit 40 has a counter-stop 52 for a stop 51, wherein the counter-stop 52 is in particular rigidly connected to the upper roller carrier 44.
  • the roll bed unit 20 has the stopper 51 which is connected to the roll bed carrier 27.
  • the stop 51 is adjustable with respect to its position to the roller bed carrier 27 or the counter-stop 52. In particular, the distance between the counter-stop 52 and the stop 51 can be changed by adjusting the stop 51, such as by means of a servo motor. In the lowered position, the counter-stop 52 is in contact with the stop 51.
  • the stop 51 may, for. B. manually or motorized with respect to the roller bed carrier 27 and / or the counter-stop 52 can be adjusted.
  • the upper roller carrying unit 40 is shown in its raised position. In the lowered position of the upper roller carrying unit 40, the rollers 41 by means of the actuators 42 to the periphery of the inserted in the receptacle 71 bar-shaped semifinished product 70 can be applied. How best FIG. 2 As can be seen, the rollers 41 can be applied at a third angular position to the periphery of the semi-finished product 70, wherein the third angular position is different from the first and second angular position.
  • the rollers 41 are lined up along the longitudinal direction L and offset from the first and second rollers.
  • the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71 or the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product 70 is between the first and second rollers 21, 22 of a roller pair 23 and between the first and second rollers 21, 22 which are adjacent, of two adjacent roller pairs 23 each have a roller 41st arranged. This ensures that between the first and second rollers 21, 22 each have a roller 41 to the periphery of the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 can be applied.
  • rollers 21, 22, 41 results in the following sequence of rollers 21, 22, 41: first roller 21, top roller 41, second roller 22, top roller 41, first roller 21, top roller 41, second roller 22, etc ..
  • the roller bed unit 20 further comprises an (electric) motor 30, whose drive shaft in the example shown FIG. 2 is arranged vertically and via a transmission 31, in particular a bevel gear with a drive shaft 32, which in the example shown extends horizontally or parallel to the longitudinal direction L, is operatively connected.
  • a rotation of the drive shaft of the motor 30 via the transmission 31 causes a rotation of the drive shaft 32, which is arranged below the rollers 21, 22 and / or the roller bed carrier 27.
  • the drive shaft 32 is rotatably supported by pivot bearings and connected to the roller bed carrier 27.
  • Each first roller 21 is rotatably connected to a first output gear 21a associated therewith.
  • Each second roller 22 is rotatably connected to a second output gear 22a associated therewith.
  • the driven wheels 21a, 22a which are rotatably mounted together with the first and second rollers 21, 22 on a common bearing block 24, are surrounded by a toothed belt 34 partially over the circumference, the toothed belt 34 a per bearing block 24 provided, rotatably on the Drive shaft 32 seated drive wheel 33 wraps around. In this way causes a rotation of the drive shaft 32, a rotation of the drive wheels 21a, 22a and thus the first and second rollers 21, 22.
  • rollers 21, 22 When the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 is inserted into its receptacle 71 and rests with its circumference on the rollers 21, 22, causes the Rotary movement of the rollers 21, 22 also a rotational movement of the semifinished product 70 about its longitudinal axis.
  • the rollers 41 resting against the circumference of the semifinished product 70 are likewise rotationally driven by the rotating semifinished product 70.
  • the rollers 41 could basically be designed to be driveable in rotation with a corresponding drive, it is provided in the present embodiment that the rollers 41 can rotate freely or passively and are taken along only by the rotational movement of the semifinished product 70.
  • the roll bed unit 20 has a tension roller 35, the z. B. spring-loaded against the toothed belt 34 presses to keep the timing belt 34 stretched. While the wheels 21a, 22a and 33 abut against the inside of the toothed belt 34, the tension roller 35 preferably abuts the outside of the toothed belt 34 in order to increase the degree of wrap between the wheels 21a and 33. Between the output gear 22a and the drive wheel 33, a deflection roller is provided, which also bears on the outside of the toothed belt 34, in order likewise to increase the Umschlingungsgrad of the toothed belt 34 on the wheels 22a and 33rd Per bearing block 24 such a designed belt drive is provided.
  • the semifinished product 70 can be directed with respect to its straightness. Basically, this device can also only for judging, d. H. without using the curing process described herein.
  • the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 can be transported along the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71 or along the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product 70 with a combined rotational and axial movement, in particular a screwing movement, whereby the directional result is additionally improved and influences the microstructure during curing as little as possible is the rotation axes of the first rollers 21, the second rollers 22 and the upper rollers 41 are skewed to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 or the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71 arranged that the first rollers 21, the second rollers 22 and the upper rollers 41st Roll along a helical curve on the circumference of the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 when the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 by rotating the first and second rollers 21, 22nd is turned.
  • the spanned planes of rotation at an acute angle associated with the rotation of the first and second rollers 21, 22 and top rollers 41 of the respective rollers 21, 22, 41 can be made e.g. between 1 ° and 30 ° to a cross-sectional plane whose surface normal is the longitudinal direction L of the receptacle 71 or the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped semifinished product 70.
  • the axes of rotation of the first rollers 21 are offset parallel to one another and the axes of rotation of the second rollers 22 are likewise arranged offset from one another in parallel.
  • the axes of rotation of the rollers 41 are arranged offset from each other in parallel.
  • the first and second rollers 21, 22 and z. B. also the rollers 41 may be spherical or straight at their treads or peripheral surfaces.
  • a spherical peripheral surface has the advantage over a straight peripheral surface that the risk of damage to the outer periphery of the semifinished product 70 is reduced.
  • the roller bed unit 20 has a plurality of connecting arms 26, which connect a retaining flange 25 with the roller bed carrier 27.
  • the connecting arm 26 is shaped to connect the retaining flange 25, which is disposed above the rollers 21, 22 with respect to the vertical, to the roller bed carrier 27.
  • the at least one connecting arm 26 is arranged on the side of the roller bed carrier 27, on which also the guide 53, the actuator 50 and / or the stop and the counter-stop 51, 52 are arranged.
  • a machine frame 10 is shown with which the device z. B. can be set up on a floor or a footprint.
  • a holding plate 13 is vertically linearly displaceable.
  • a guide 11, 12, in particular a column guide is arranged, whereby the holding plate 13 is linearly displaceable relative to the machine frame 10.
  • the guide 11, 12 has a column 11, whose longitudinal direction is vertical.
  • At least one guide bush 12, in particular two guide bushes 12, which is fastened to the holding plate 13, is arranged around the column 11.
  • a plurality of such guides 11, 12 are arranged between the holding plate 13 and the machine frame 10 a plurality of such guides 11, 12 are arranged.
  • the roller bed unit 20 is fastened to the holding plate 13, in particular by means of the retaining flange 25 and screw bolts. By moving the holding plate 13, the unit of roll bed unit 20 and upper roll carrying unit 40 can be moved vertically back and forth relative to the machine frame 10, ie, raised and lowered.
  • an actuator 14 in particular a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, fixed by means of the holding plate 13 or the unit of roll bed unit 20 and upper roller support unit 40th can be raised and lowered.
  • a gear 15, 16, 17, in particular a cam mechanism is provided, which converts the drive movement of the actuator 14 in a lifting movement of the holding plate 13.
  • the transmission 15, 16, 17 shown here is merely exemplary. Other transmission types or designs are also conceivable. An indirectly acting on the support plate 13 actuator is possible.
  • the displaceably arranged in the cylinder housing of the actuator 14 piston is pivotally connected by means of a piston rod with a drive bar 15, wherein the drive bar 15 is pivotally mounted on a first corner lever 16 by means of a pivot bearing and is pivotally attached to a second corner lever 16 by means of a second pivot bearing.
  • the relevant pivot axis of the first pivot bearing and the second pivot bearing are spaced from each other.
  • the corner lever 16 is fixed by means of a pivot bearing fixed pivotally mounted on the machine frame 10.
  • the corner lever 16 has a further pivot bearing, with which it is pivotally connected to a push rod 17, wherein the push rod 17 is in turn pivotally connected to the support plate 13, such. B. via an intermediate console.
  • the piston of the actuator 14 or the piston rod of the actuator 14 is retracted, whereby the holding plate 14 is in its lowered position and the receptacle 71 in its submerged position. If the piston rod retracted from the cylinder housing, the corner lever 16 in the in FIG. 7 pivoted in the clockwise direction shown and the holding plate 13 is moved from its lowered position or the receptacle 71 and the semi-finished product 70 from its immersed position (Fig. FIG. 3 ) in a submerged position, in which the semi-finished product 70 is above the liquid level of the cooling medium ( FIG. 3 ), emotional. How best FIG. 3 is recognizable, is below the roll bed unit 20, a coolant tank 18 for receiving a liquid coolant such. As oil or water or an emulsion arranged. The coolant tank 18 is filled or filled with a liquid cooling medium, the liquid level being arranged such that the semi-finished product 70 in the submerged position is actually completely submerged below the liquid level.
  • the apparatus in particular the roll bed unit, has an ejection mechanism 80 (FIG. FIG. 5 ), which has at least one actuator 81 and an ejector 84.
  • the Auswerferarm 84 is pivotable, wherein the pivoting movement of the Auswerferarms 84 takes place transversely to the longitudinal direction L and the receptacle 71.
  • a arranged in the receptacle 71 semifinished product 70 is thereby ejected laterally to its longitudinal axis from the receptacle 71 when the actuator 81 pivots the Auswerferarm 84.
  • the actuator 81 is a fluidic cylinder, in particular a pneumatic cylinder having a displaceably arranged in a cylinder housing piston with piston rod.
  • the piston rod is connected by means of a lever arm 82 which is non-rotatably mounted on a shaft 83.
  • An extension or retraction of the piston rod into or out of the cylinder housing of the actuator 81 causes pivoting of the lever arm 82 about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 83 and also pivoting of the shaft 83.
  • the Auswerfarm 84 or more Auswerferarme 84 on the in the Substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction L extending shaft 83 are secured against rotation, are pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 83 during pivoting of the shaft 83.
  • the semifinished product 70 can be ejected from the receptacle 71 transversely to its longitudinal axis.
  • the device in particular the roller bed unit 20, comprises a support mechanism 90 which has at least one actuator 91 and a support arm 94, wherein the support arm 94 is reciprocally movable, in particular pivotable, by means of the actuator 91 between a raised position and a lowered position.
  • the support arm 94 is reciprocally movable, in particular pivotable, by means of the actuator 91 between a raised position and a lowered position.
  • the rod-shaped semi-finished product 70 is held in or on the receptacle 71 such that the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 is arranged without contact with the first and second rollers, wherein the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 in a lowered position of the support arm 94 to the first and second Rolls 21, 22 is applied and non-contact with the support arm 94.
  • a plurality of such support arms 94 may be arranged, wherein it is preferred that the number of support arms 94 is less than the number of pairs of rollers 23. This can advantageously be achieved that a glowing semifinished product loses less heat because it is less Pads rests as it would lose if it would rest on the rollers 21, 22.
  • the support mechanism 90 has as an actuator 91 a fluidic cylinder, in particular a pneumatic cylinder, whose piston with piston rod with respect to a cylinder housing is linearly movable back and forth.
  • the piston rod is connected via a lever arm 92 which is rotationally mounted on a shaft 93, connected to the shaft 93, whereby an extension and retraction of the piston rod causes pivoting of the lever arm 92 and the shaft 93 about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 93.
  • On the shaft 93 are rotationally fixed at least one support arm 94 or more support arms 94 which are distributed over the longitudinal direction L attached. A pivoting of the shaft 93 thus also causes a pivoting of the at least one support arm.
  • the Shaft 93 extends along, in particular, substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction L.
  • the actuators 91, 81 are preferably arranged on the side of the roller bed carrier 27 on which the connecting arms 26 are located. This allows the lateral accessibility to the receiving space on the one hand and the ejection of the semifinished product 70 from the receptacle 71, such. B. by means of the ejection mechanism 80th
  • the apparatus may include a furnace 19 adapted to heat the semi-finished product 70 to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature, such as between 850 and 1250 ° C, the furnace having one in the FIGS. 1 and 2 symbolically illustrated opening 19 a, which is arranged in alignment with the longitudinal axis L.
  • the apparatus further comprises a gripper 37 mounted on a linear drive and movable along the longitudinal direction L towards the opening 19a of the oven 19 and away from the opening 19a of the oven 19.
  • the hardening and straightening process can proceed as follows: First, a bar-shaped semifinished product 70 is removed from the oven 19 by means of the gripper 37, wherein the semifinished product 70 is heated substantially completely to at least or above the austenitizing temperature.
  • the hot semi-finished product is removed from the oven 19 via the opening 19a, whereby the gripping arm 37 is moved linearly along the longitudinal direction L and the semifinished product 70 is deposited on the support arms 94 located in their raised positions.
  • the actuator 91 By appropriate control of the actuator 91, the support arms 94 are pivoted or lowered, whereby the semifinished product 70 on the rotating due to the rotation of the motor 30 first and second rollers 21, 22 is stored, whereby the semi-finished product 70 is also rotated.
  • the rollers 41 are lowered toward the semi-finished product 70 by lowering the upper roller support unit 40 or the upper roller support 44 to which the actuators 42 are attached.
  • the rollers 41 which are located along the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product 70 in the region of the semifinished product 70, are applied individually or in groups by means of the actuators 42 to the circumference of the rotating semifinished product 70.
  • the roller bed unit 20 is lowered by means of the actuator 14 and the gear 15, 16, 17 together with the upper roller support unit 40 in the coolant tank at least until the substantially horizontal semi-finished 70 completely submerged with a movement transverse to its longitudinal axis under the liquid level of the cooling medium becomes.
  • the force exerted by the rollers 41 on the semi-finished product 70, z. B. be constant or preferably increase in dependence on the period of immersion of the rotating rod-shaped semi-finished product 70. This is advantageous because the yield strength of the semifinished product changes with increasing duration, in particular increases.
  • the force with which the rollers 41 are pressed against the semi-finished product 70 can be controlled by the fact that in the actuator 42, the pressure of the pressurized fluid (compressed gas, Hydraulic oil) is increased.
  • a controller may be provided which increases the pressure as a function of the duration of submersion according to a predetermined linear or non-linear curve.
  • the rollers 41 are pressed with a force against the circumference of the rod-shaped semifinished product 70 which is at least so large that the semifinished product 70 which is subjected to bending as a result is stretched beyond its yield point, at least in its outermost fiber.
  • the submerged semi-finished product 70 may be flowed or circulated by means of a liquid flow in order to achieve an even better cooling effect by forced convection.
  • the roll bed unit 20 is raised together with the upper roll support unit 40 and the semi-finished product 70 and moved to a submerged position, in which the semi-finished product 70 is above the liquid level.
  • the upper roller support unit 40 is lifted off the roller bed unit 20 by means of the actuator 43.
  • the semifinished product 70 is ejected by means of the ejector arms 84 of the ejection mechanism 90 laterally to the longitudinal axis of the semifinished product 70 from the receptacle 71.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
EP16181995.8A 2015-07-30 2016-07-29 Dispositif et procede destine a durcir et guider un semi-produit en forme de tige Active EP3124131B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015112573.0A DE102015112573B4 (de) 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Härten und Richten eines stangenförmigen Halbzeugs

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EP3124131A1 true EP3124131A1 (fr) 2017-02-01
EP3124131B1 EP3124131B1 (fr) 2022-07-20

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108081411A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-29 西安建筑科技大学 一种原竹矫直设备
CN109420691A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2019-03-05 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种金属管旋转式进料矫直方法
CN112296135A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-02 梁能舟 一种用于金属表面热处理的冷却校直装置
CN112547847A (zh) * 2020-11-14 2021-03-26 中机试验装备股份有限公司 一种高精度下驱式滚轮驱动机构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111475896B (zh) * 2020-04-14 2023-04-21 太原科技大学 一种棒材矫直应力中性层位置确定方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US846497A (en) * 1906-01-04 1907-03-12 Cumberland Steel Company Of Allegany County Machine for straightening shafting and the like.
US3299682A (en) * 1965-12-30 1967-01-24 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus for manufacturing treated grinding rods
DE2409141A1 (de) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-04 Hampden Ind Ltd Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von nadelrohren
DE2907468A1 (de) * 1979-02-26 1980-09-04 Lindemann Wolfgang Richtmaschine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US846497A (en) * 1906-01-04 1907-03-12 Cumberland Steel Company Of Allegany County Machine for straightening shafting and the like.
US3299682A (en) * 1965-12-30 1967-01-24 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus for manufacturing treated grinding rods
DE2409141A1 (de) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-04 Hampden Ind Ltd Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von nadelrohren
DE2907468A1 (de) * 1979-02-26 1980-09-04 Lindemann Wolfgang Richtmaschine

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109420691A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2019-03-05 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种金属管旋转式进料矫直方法
CN109420691B (zh) * 2017-08-24 2020-04-14 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种金属管旋转式进料矫直方法
CN108081411A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-29 西安建筑科技大学 一种原竹矫直设备
CN112296135A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-02 梁能舟 一种用于金属表面热处理的冷却校直装置
CN112547847A (zh) * 2020-11-14 2021-03-26 中机试验装备股份有限公司 一种高精度下驱式滚轮驱动机构
CN112547847B (zh) * 2020-11-14 2022-08-30 中机试验装备股份有限公司 一种高精度下驱式滚轮驱动机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3124131B1 (fr) 2022-07-20
DE102015112573A1 (de) 2017-02-02
DE102015112573B4 (de) 2017-12-14

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