EP3118555A1 - Device for treating, especially for cooling, bulk material with a gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for treating, in particular for cooling, bulk material with a gas. The device (1) has a grate (4), which can flow through a layer of the bulk material from a feed end (3) in a conveying direction (80) to a discharge end (7) from a grate subspace (5), which has a plurality of juxtaposed juices Rows (10) of at least one in the conveying direction (80) elongated and in the conveying direction (80) alternately back and forth movable plank (11) whose drive is controlled such that the Vorhub the at least one plank (11) of two adjacent Rows (10) takes place simultaneously, while the return stroke of at least one respective plank (11) of two adjacent rows (10) takes place unevenly. The grate (4) further comprises in the conveying direction (80) on at least one side to increase the grate width a row (12) of at least one stationary fitting (13), wherein the at least one fitting piece (13) from the grate subspace (5) to the top gas is flowed through.

Description

The invention relates to a device for treating, in particular for cooling, bulk material with a gas.

To treat bulk material with gas, it is known to continuously convey a bed of bulk material through a grate. The gas passes through the grate and then flows through the bed of bulk material. An appropriate treatment of bulk material with gas can be found, for example, often when cooling cement clinker with air.

To convey the bulk material over the grate so-called push grates are known, which consist of overlapping rows of alternately fixed in the conveying direction and in the conveying direction back and forth moved grate plates. A corresponding cooler is in DE-A-37 34 043 described.

Also known in the art are so-called push floor radiators in which the grate consists of several elongated planks in the conveying direction, which are simultaneously moved back and forth in the conveying direction before and subsequently. The planks run on rollers arranged on a steel substructure. Also on the steel substructure - and thus below the grate - air baffles or air chambers may be provided with which the flow through the grate or the bulk material lying thereon can be designed differently over the width and / or length of the cooler. Examples of suitable radiators can be found in, inter alia DK-A-1999/1403 . US-A-2,240,590 or DE-A-196 51 741 ,

In both of the aforementioned types of radiator, a housing is generally provided with which the space located above the grate is separated from the environment. As a result, the gas flowing through the bulk material bed can be collected and fed to a further use. In the case of a cooler for hot cement clinker, the corresponding collected heated cooling air can be used, for example, for the upstream furnace, for preheating the raw material and / or for power generation.

The upper part of the bulk material cooler, which delimits the space above the grate, regularly consists of a steel casing, on the inside of which a masonry or another refractory layer is applied. An appropriate protective layer is necessary to protect the steel shell from wear.

In a complete new boiler construction, the upper part can be built to the grid and the underlying substructure dimensioned accordingly. Since a corresponding complete new boiler construction is costly, it is often considered to obtain parts - in particular the upper part - of an old, already existing bulk material cooler and to equip it with a new grate and possibly a new grate substructure. Due to improved wear properties, grate-type radiators are often to be converted to raised-floor radiators.

Due to manufacturing specifications and to avoid costly custom-made products, however, the planks of a push-floor cooler regularly (at least the manufacturer's own) standardized dimensions, in particular a standardized width. The steel substructure is also adapted to this standardized plank width, which enables a cost-effective modular substructure system.

If an existing bulk material cooler upper part is to be equipped with a new push floor cooler, there is often the problem that the inner width of the upper part does not correspond to an integer multiple of the standard width of planks. To solve this problem can be made according to the prior art, a push floor radiator with adapted to the existing shell plank width, which corresponds to a costly one-off production. Alternatively, it is known to reduce the inner width of the upper part by attaching additional masonry or other refractory layer such that this measure corresponds to a multiple of a standard width for planks. However, a corresponding solution is expensive and also leads to a reduced compared to the original grate cooler grate surface of the new push floor radiator.

The invention has for its object to provide an apparatus for treating, in particular for cooling, of bulk material with a gas, in which the known from the prior art disadvantages - especially in connection with the conversion of a sliding grate cooler to a push-floor cooler - no longer or only to a lesser extent occur.

This object is achieved by a device according to the main claim. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Accordingly, the invention relates to an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, of bulk material with a gas which has a grate from the grate to the top gas-permeable, a layer of bulk material from a task end in a conveying direction to a discharge end-promoting grate, said grate a plurality of juxtaposed Rows of at least one elongated in the conveying direction and in the conveying direction alternately back and forth movable plank whose drive is controlled such that the advance of at least one plank of two adjacent rows simultaneously takes place during the return stroke of at least one plank of two adjacent rows takes place at the same time, wherein the grate in the conveying direction on at least one side to increase the grate width each comprises a row of at least one stationary fitting, wherein the at least one fitting from the grate subspace to the top gasdur is chströmbar.

By the inventively provided series of at least one fitting on one or - preferably - on both sides of the grate, the grate may also have a width not equal to the multiple of the width of the rows of planks. As a result, any existing ones Bulk cooler top parts can be equipped with an overflow cooler without the need for custom-made planks or structural measures to change the inside width of a bulk goods cooler top. Since the inventively provided at least one fitting piece is also stationary - unlike the planks so not moved back and forth - can also be used on a standardized grate base, which is adapted to planks with standardized width. Again, costly custom-made so can be avoided. The term "standardized" is to be understood in the context of the invention in this case. Thus, the term is not limited to standards developed by national or international organizations, but rather includes, for example, also manufacturer-specific and thus, if necessary, manufacturer-specific standard dimensions of components, etc.

The proposed fitting is gas-permeable according to the invention from the bottom to its upper side, so it can be flowed through starting from the grate subspace of gas - eg. Cooling air - flows through. The upper side of the fitting piece can be provided with a multiplicity of gas passage openings, possibly analogously to the upper side of the planks. With "Rostunterraum" is the area below the grate, so called below the planks and the at least one fitting.

According to the invention, in the region of the at least one fitting piece, a gas flow which is comparable to the planks of the grate is made possible, bulk material lying on the at least one fitting piece can be effectively removed from the gas flows through - and so, for example, cooled - be. Compared to a push-floor cooler without fittings - for example, the internal dimensions of a bulk goods cooler upper part was reduced - the effective grate cooler surface is thus thus larger.

During operation of the device according to the invention, a wedge-shaped region, in which the bulk material remains practically stationary, also forms in the bulk material layer above the at least one fitting piece adjacent to the stationary wall delimiting the grate laterally. This wedge-shaped area provides such an autogenous wear protection for the wall, as a direct contact between the wall and moving bulk material is avoided.

As a rule, a fitting series comprises a plurality of fitting pieces arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction, wherein the individual fitting pieces can be of identical construction. The same applies to plank rows, in which several arranged in the conveying direction one behind the other, preferably identical planks can be provided. The planks of different rows of planks are preferably also identical to each other. As a result, the number of different components for a device according to the invention can be significantly reduced, which simplifies and reduces the production costs.

In order to keep the proportion of resting on the at least one fitting piece and possibly stationary remaining bulk material in the inventive device as low as possible, it is preferred that a series of at least one fitting piece has a smaller width than any row of at least one plank. In particular, the width of a row of at least one fitting piece may be smaller than 70%, preferably less than 50%, more preferably less than 30% of the width of a row of at least one plank. The inventively provided at least one fitting piece is so narrow compared to a plank.

The at least one fitting may be a custom-made for a particular already existing bulk goods cooler top. By otherwise in the apparatus according to the invention, however, can be used on standardized planks and a standard standardized substructure adapted thereto, a device according to the invention compared to a sliding floor radiator, which as a whole is a custom-made (for example, by a particular plank width), yet more cost effective.

It is furthermore preferred if the device has a superstructure spanning the grate transversely to the conveying direction and the at least one fitting piece is fixedly attached to the superstructure. The superstructure may in particular be a possibly already existing bulk material cooler upper part. Also, the superstructure regularly forms the walls laterally limiting the rust. By the at least one fitting piece is fastened directly to the superstructure, the fitting piece is arranged stationary, without the need for additional fastening devices. In particular, therefore, provided for the planks grate base does not have to be designed for receiving and fastening of fitting pieces. Rather, can be used on a standard, for example. Modular constructed grate base, since the invention additionally provided at least one fitting piece can be attached separately.

Between the row of at least one stationary fitting and the adjacent row of planks, a sealing device is preferably provided. With a corresponding sealing device can be avoided that bulk material passes through the required for the relative movement between the fitting piece and the adjacent plank gap in the grate subspace.

It is particularly preferred if the sealing device comprises a side adjacent to the plank side of at least one fitting piece a recessed relative to the top of the fitting piece longitudinal groove, in which engages an elongated strip of the adjacent plank. By such, relatively simple and thus fail-safe construction, the desired seal can be achieved. The strip on the above-described plank can preferably be designed in the form of an angle strip, wherein one leg of the angle strip can then form at least a part of the upper side of the plank on which the bulk material rests. By arranging the part of the sealing device directly in contact with the bulk material layer against the plank and thus moving it together, the stationary area at the edge of the grate is practically not enlarged beyond the upper side of the at least one fitting piece by a corresponding sealing device.

The sealing device is preferably ventilated. This means that gas can flow from the grate subspace through the sealing device to the top of the grate. By a corresponding gas flow, the penetration of bulk material into the sealing device and a possible remainder of rust diarrhea can be reduced.

It is preferred if the upper side of the at least one fitting piece has at least one well-holding recess. In the case of cooling the bulk material can already collect in such a well-cooled Good and thus prevent the direct contact of the fitting with still hot bulk material. In other words, such an autogenous wear protection for the at least one fitting can be achieved.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Schüttgut mit Gas;

Figur 2:

eine schematische Draufsicht des Rostes der Vorrichtung aus Figur 1;

Figur 3:

einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1;

Figur 4:

eine Detailvergrößerung der Figur 3; und

Figur 5:

eine schematische dreidimensionale Darstellung des Details aus Figur 4.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a schematic side view of an apparatus according to the invention for treating bulk material with gas;

FIG. 2:

a schematic plan view of the grate of the device FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3:

a section through the device according to FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 4:

an enlarged detail of the FIG. 3 ; and

FIG. 5:

a schematic three-dimensional representation of the details FIG. 4 ,

In FIG. 1 an embodiment of an inventive device 1 for treating bulk material is shown with gas. This apparatus 1 is a bulk material cooler in which an oven 90, hot cement clinker is cooled with cooling air. FIG. 3 shows the section AA FIG. 1 ,

The cement clinker or the bulk material coming out of the kiln 90 initially falls through a feed shaft 2 onto a feed section 3 of the device 1 and, due to the inclined arrangement of the feed section 3, from there onto a grate 4. The grate 4 is ventilated by the grate subspace 5, ie cooling air flows from the grate subspace 5 through the grate 4 and bulk material lying thereon, before it - now heated by the hot bulk material - through arranged on the superstructure 6 of the device 1 air outlets 6 'and possibly further use (power generation, as preheat, etc. ) is supplied. As in FIG. 3 can be seen, the superstructure 6 spans the grate 4 transverse to the conveying direction 80th

The bulk material to be cooled is conveyed by the grate 4 from the feed section 3 in the conveying direction (indicated by arrow 80) to the discharge end 7 of the device and transported away from there via conveyor belts 91. As follows from FIG. 2 explained in more detail, the grate 4 is designed as a push floor.

In FIG. 2 is a schematic and simplified plan view of the task section 3 and the grate 4 of the device 1 from FIG. 1 shown. The task section 3 comprises a multiplicity of statically arranged tiles 8, over which the bulk material falling thereon slips towards the grate 4. The grate 4 comprises a plurality of juxtaposed rows 10, each of which comprises a plurality of elongate planks 11 arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction. The planks 11 are gas-flowable. In other words, the planks 11 are thus designed such that Cooling air from the grate subspace 5 through the planks 11 can flow into the resting on the planks 11 bulk material. For this purpose, the planks 11 have on their, the bulk material-carrying upper gas passage openings, which for reasons of clarity in FIG. 2 but not shown. In the grate subspace 5, a substructure 9 is provided, on which the rows 10 are mounted from planks 11. The grate subspace 5 can be subdivided into chambers in the longitudinal direction (ie parallel to the conveying direction 80) and / or in the transverse direction in order to create different ventilation zones over the length and / or width.

The rows 10 of planks 11 are each movable back and forth in the conveying direction 80, wherein the planks 11 of a row 10 are connected to each other in such a way that they are moved together. The (not shown) drive the rows 10 of planks 11 is controlled so that the forward stroke of the planks 11 of two adjacent rows 10 takes place simultaneously, while the return stroke of the planks 11 of two adjacent rows 10 takes place unevenly. By this movement scheme, a promotion of the bulk material in the conveying direction 80 is achieved by the moving floor principle. As in the scheme according to FIG. 2 directly visible, the grate 4 comprises only planks 11 in three different dimensions, but the width transverse to the conveying direction 80 of all planks 11 is identical. By using correspondingly standardized planks 11, the corresponding area of the grate 4 can be produced inexpensively, also because a standardized substructure 9 and drive can be used.

On both sides of the rows 10 of planks 11 each have a number 12 is provided from fitting pieces 13, wherein the Width of the fitting pieces 13 transverse to the conveying direction 80 is less than half the width of the planks 11. The fitting pieces 13 are stationary and thus unlike the planks 11 in particular not in the conveying direction back and forth movable. Similar to the planks 11, the fitting pieces 13 but from the grate subspace 5 to the top through gas can be flowed through. For this purpose, the fitting pieces 13 may have at their top gas passage openings, which for reasons of clarity in FIG. 2 but not shown.

In FIG. 4 is the area around a row 12 of 10 pieces out FIG. 3 shown in detail. As in FIG. 4 to recognize the fitting piece 13 of the series 12 - as well as all other fittings of this series 12 - fixedly attached to the superstructure 6. As a result, the fitting pieces 13 are fixed to a stationary, on the other hand an adaptation of the base 9 for attachment of fitting pieces 13 is not required, so that can be used on a standard substructure 9.

Between the row 12 of fitting pieces 13 and the adjacent row 10 of planks 11, a sealing device 14 is provided. The sealing device 14 comprises on the adjacent to the plank 11 side of the fitting piece 13 a recessed relative to the top of the fitting piece 13 longitudinal groove 15, in which a likewise elongated angle bar 16 of the adjacent plank 11 engages (see also FIG. 5 ). Through the resulting labyrinth gap, air can flow from the grate subspace 5 to ventilate the sealing device 14, whereby the penetration of bulk material into the sealing device 14 can be reduced.

In FIG. 5 schematically a portion of the grate 4 in the region of a fitting piece 13 of the row 12 is shown in a three-dimensional view. The fitting 13 has, as shown, two recesses 17, in which bulk material can be held, to then obtain an autogenous wear protection. At the bottom of the wells already mentioned gas passage openings 18 are arranged.

Also in FIG. 5 It can be seen that the planks 11 have corresponding recesses 19, on the bottom of which the gas passage openings 20 are arranged.

Claims (8)

Device (1) for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material with a gas which has a layer of bulk material passing from a grate subspace (5) to the upper side from a feed end (3) in a conveying direction (80) to a discharge end (7) conveying grate (4), wherein the grate (4) a plurality of juxtaposed rows (10) each having at least one in the conveying direction (80) elongated and in the conveying direction (80) alternately back and forth movable plank (11) whose drive so it is controlled that the advance stroke of the at least one plank (11) of two adjacent rows (10) takes place simultaneously, while the return stroke of the at least one plank (11) of two adjacent rows (10) takes place unevenly,
characterized in that
the grate (4) in the conveying direction (80) on at least one side to increase the grate width of a row (12) of at least one stationary fitting (13), wherein the at least one fitting (13) from the grate subspace (5) to the top through gas is. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a row (12) of at least one fitting piece (13) has a smaller width than a row (10) of at least one plank (11). Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the width of a row (12) of at least one fitting (13) is less than 70%, preferably less than 50%, more preferably less than 30% of the width of a row (10) of at least one plank (11). Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the device (1) has a superstructure (6) which spans the grate (4) transversely to the conveying direction (80) and the at least one fitting piece (13) is fixedly secured to the superstructure (6). Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
between the row (12) of at least one stationary fitting (13) and the adjacent row (10) of planks (11) a sealing device (14) is provided. Device according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the sealing device (14) on the side of at least one fitting piece (13) adjacent to the plank (11) comprises a longitudinal groove (15) recessed relative to the upper side of the fitting piece (13) into which an elongate strip (16) of the adjacent plank (11) engages, wherein the elongated strip (17) is preferably an angle bar. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized in that
the sealing device (14) is ventilated. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the upper side of the at least one fitting piece (13) has at least one well-holding recess (17).

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