EP3114725A1 - Régulation passive de la température d'accumulateurs - Google Patents

Régulation passive de la température d'accumulateurs

Info

Publication number
EP3114725A1
EP3114725A1 EP15714159.9A EP15714159A EP3114725A1 EP 3114725 A1 EP3114725 A1 EP 3114725A1 EP 15714159 A EP15714159 A EP 15714159A EP 3114725 A1 EP3114725 A1 EP 3114725A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
heat
vapor chamber
battery cells
battery according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15714159.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Cornelia Neidl-Stippler
Hans Kunstwadl
Gerhard Mitic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3114725A1 publication Critical patent/EP3114725A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery with a temperature control.
  • Battery power at low temperature decreases sharply and at elevated temperature possible decomposition of the battery, including fire / oxidation can occur.
  • JP3050051 discloses an air conditioner for electric vehicles, wherein the cooling or
  • Heating of the battery can be done via air cooling.
  • JP3733682 teaches a battery temperature control device which is a
  • Car interior air system used in the battery case can cool or heat housed via an inlet duct ..
  • Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) No. 10-32021 discloses a battery having a heat-insulating material, and the use of an auxiliary heater such as an electric heater to maintain a suitable working temperature of the battery in the cold.
  • Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 2006-269426 discloses a battery having a plurality of battery units, in which partition walls are disposed side by side between the battery units, a housing in which the battery units and the partition wall are installed, and an inlet and an outlet through which Heat carrier flows, and a PTC heating element between the partition and the battery unit
  • DAIMLER proposes for this purpose in DE 102010013025 heat transfer plates, the Connected to heat pipes, which quickly remove the heat from the battery
  • a generic battery or accumulator has at least one battery cell and a temperature control for the battery cells, wherein the temperature control:
  • At least one vapor chamber which is in direct contact with the surface of the at least one battery cell with a first battery contact surface, and heat pipes, which are partially disposed on a second heat pipe contacting surface of the vapor chamber and lead out of the battery to a heat exchanger.
  • the heat absorption surface of the vapor chamber is arranged between two battery cells of a battery and to this purpose for optimal
  • Heat transfer adapted.
  • the heat pipe contact surface of the Vapor Chamber can have recesses to accommodate the heat pipe inner sections to provide a larger heat transfer area between the heat pipe and the vapor chamber with better heat transfer.
  • thermosyphon heat pipes
  • variable Conductance heat pipes loop heat pipes
  • CPL capillary pumped loops
  • the in a simple embodiment of the invention, which cools only the battery cells, the varnishleitrohrinnenabites is carried out as a condensation zone and the varnishleitrohraussen- section as the evaporation zone in the heat exchanger for heating the battery cells.
  • the vapor chamber is at least partially made of electrically non-conductive material and is preferably designed as an electrical insulator between the Vaporchamber contact portion and the Vaporchambereben Ieitrohrutton construction to avoid leakage currents.
  • an external heat exchanger for warming up or warming the battery cells is preferably used to control the battery temperature
  • Optimized performance of the same provided and the heat exchange medium is selected from: fluid materials, air, coolant from the coolant circuit, PCMs or a solid heat storage material comprising zeolite, salt hydrates or phase change material, comprising paraffins and fatty acids, are provided and the at least one heat tube, which is thermally connected to the battery at one end via the Vapor Chamber, which heats the battery via the Vapor Chamber as a heating device and / or can operate as a cooling device that heats the battery via the Vapor Chamber.
  • the at least one battery cell may be selected from rectangular columnar battery cells, laminated battery cells, and cylindrical battery cells.
  • planar heat pipes - also called vapor chambers or heat spreaders - are arranged between the battery cells, which locally dissipate locally occurring heat peaks over their area.
  • Vapor Chambers are significantly faster and more efficient than classic heatsinks, whose thermal conductivity easily increases around them
  • the surface structure of the Vapor Chamber can be designed so that it surrounds the heat pipes on three sides and thus allows a good heat transfer.
  • the heat pipes pass through a heat accumulator, preferably a latent heat accumulator, which receives the latent heat of the working fluid of the heat pipes. It may be beneficial to use loop heat pipes, which have great heat transport capabilities.
  • a heat pipe type is selected so that it removes heat from a certain initial temperature of the battery cells from the battery and at least one heat conduction
  • the tube type is selected to return heat from the heat storage to the battery via the heat spreader at a predetermined minimum temperature of the battery.
  • latent heat storage solid storage such as zeolites
  • the heat release is easily controlled.
  • Latentowski Eatmaykeiten be used, which are performed in a battery independent circuit - eg. A heating circuit.
  • the use of latent heat storage depends on its capacity and - in mobile use of the battery - and its weight.
  • Salt water eutectics 0 ° C - paraffins -30 ° C - 130 ° C - salt hydrates 5 ° C-130 ° C - sugar alcohols 90 ° C-180 ° C - salts and their eutectic mixtures logo CNRS logo INIST 180 ° C and mobile latent heat storage (macro-encapsulated) with a phase change material. Melting point of 58 ° C, inlet temperature of 56 ° C-180 ° C
  • Latent heat storage are known and are already used for a variety of technical applications, such as house heating or motor vehicles. With regard to the latent heat storage is fully contained in the book published on the Internet: http: //www.bueh ⁇ der-synergie.de/c new html / c 10 07 e .store thermal. htm - "Book of Synergy" by Ahmed A.W. Khammas, Rukn-eddin, al-Buti Bldg., Damascus / Iran P.O. Box 2361.
  • PCM microencapsulated phase change materials
  • Such materials are commercially available, inter alia, from BASF SE under the trademark MIKRONAL®
  • the heat can also be stored in hydrated salt crystals - for example, hydrated Na 2 SO 4, chlorides, hydrates, fluorides, etc
  • heat pipes have the property to be able to transport heat bidirectionally, heat can also be transferred back from the latent heat storage - for example, to maintain a suitable working temperature for the battery.
  • loop heat pipes some of which run outside the battery and have a very large heat transfer capacity.
  • the working fluid may be, for example, water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, ammonia and propane, alcohol or methanol or i-propanol or mixtures thereof, this list is merely exemplary and the Invention is by no means limited thereto. Taking into account the performance and effect on the global environment, water, and alcohols and possibly mixtures thereof are preferred as working fluid of the heat pipes for mobile applications.
  • the heat pipes can retrieve heat from the latent heat storage and also release heat there.
  • the latent heat storage may be a fluid latent heat storage, such as a micro-encapsulated phase change material (PCM), which can be used at various points of a vehicle and can be promoted there - for example, for heating or for heating an internal combustion engine Reduce emissions and consumption during cold start, to support heating etc.
  • PCM micro-encapsulated phase change material
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of thermally conductive applied to a vapor chamber heat pipes in plan view
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cross section through the vapor chamber of Fig.1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a heat pipe
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vapor chamber
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a section through a battery along the vapor chamber according to FIG. 1 with heat conducting plates connected to the upper region of the heat pipe, which are surrounded by a heat removal medium;
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a section through a rechargeable battery along the vapor chamber according to FIG. 1 with a cooling fluid heat exchanger connected to the upper region of the heat conducting tube, which is flushed through by a cooling fluid;
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically an arrangement similar to Fig. 6 with connected
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a heat transfer unit according to the invention, consisting of a vapor chamber and thereon - as shown in FIG. 2 - in thermal contact applied heat pipes (10).
  • Vapor Chamber (20) which ensures an exceptionally fast heat distribution over its entire surface. This heat is absorbed by on the surface of the vapor chamber (20) thermally connected heat pipes (10) and transported at the end outside the battery.
  • On the bathleitrohraussenabêt (5) can be mounted in a conventional manner politiciansleitbleche (so-called. Fins), which are lapped by a heat-storing fluid, such as air or other gas and thus cooled. It is also possible to use this fluid for heating the battery during cold start, if it is then available tempered.
  • Heat pipes work bidirectionally - that is, the heat transfer direction is reversed when the heat pipe outer portion (5) is warmer than the heat pipe inner portion (3) on the vapor chamber (2, 2A, 2B) and thus uniformly heats the vapor chamber due to its high heat dissipation capability.
  • Heat pipes work bidirectionally - that is, the heat transfer direction is reversed when the heat pipe outer portion (5) is warmer than the heat pipe inner portion (3) on the vapor chamber (2, 2A, 2B) and thus uniformly heats the vapor chamber due to its high heat dissipation capability.
  • local overheating - for example, when charging the battery, which can lead to battery / battery damage to the fire, can be avoided.
  • Batteries usually include a plurality of battery cells (1, 1A, 1B, AC, 1D, 1E) that are regularly arranged. These battery cells are interconnected to a battery or accumulator.
  • FIG. 5 Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. 5 on a vapor chamber (FIGS. 2, 2A, 2B).
  • the heat pipe (10) absorbs heat from the vapor chamber surface (4), heats with it a liquid which passes under the absorption of latent heat in the gaseous state and transports the vapor to its outer end (5) with baffles, the then be traversed by a heat transfer fluid, which is gaseous or liquid.
  • a heat transfer fluid which is gaseous or liquid.
  • the liquid return is done only by gravity.
  • Fig. 6 shows the use of the inventive heat transfer element in a battery or accumulator attached thereto réelleleitfluidtechnisch.
  • the heat pipes (IO) run vertically and end in a fluid line used as a heat exchanger, for example for water.
  • the water flows through the heat exchanger (20) with the arranged therein.
  • banksleitrohreaussenablvesen cools them and can then be used as warm water for heating the car or dissipate the heat in a conventional manner in the radiator, if it is connected to the cooling fluid line.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically an embodiment with latent heat storage.
  • the planteleit rohrau touchabitese (5) transfer their heat to a latent heat storage unit (20) -.
  • a latent heat storage unit (20) - For example, zeolite, but also paraffins and other latent heat storage, such as acetates and other salts.
  • the thus charged heat storage can also be liquid and belong to a latent storage fluid circuit.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une batterie ou un accumulateur (8), comprenant - au moins un élément de batterie (1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) et une commande de la température des éléments de batterie (1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E), la commande de température comportant : au moins une chambre de vapeur (2, 2A, 2B), qui est directement en contact, par le biais d'une première surface de contact de batterie, avec une surface de l'au moins un élément de batterie (1,1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E), et des caloducs (10) qui sont disposés en partie sur une deuxième surface de contact de caloduc (4) de la chambre de vapeur (2, 2A, 2B) et qui vont de la batterie (8) à un échangeur de chaleur (20).
EP15714159.9A 2014-01-15 2015-01-09 Régulation passive de la température d'accumulateurs Withdrawn EP3114725A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014100420.5A DE102014100420A1 (de) 2014-01-15 2014-01-15 Passive Temperaturregelung von Akkus durch zweiphasen Wärmetransport und -speicherung
PCT/DE2015/100016 WO2015106758A1 (fr) 2014-01-15 2015-01-09 Régulation passive de la température d'accumulateurs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3114725A1 true EP3114725A1 (fr) 2017-01-11

Family

ID=52450053

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15714159.9A Withdrawn EP3114725A1 (fr) 2014-01-15 2015-01-09 Régulation passive de la température d'accumulateurs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3114725A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2017503330A (fr)
KR (1) KR20160120293A (fr)
DE (1) DE102014100420A1 (fr)
SG (2) SG10201806044YA (fr)
WO (2) WO2015106758A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SG11201605831WA (en) 2016-09-29
KR20160120293A (ko) 2016-10-17
WO2015107106A1 (fr) 2015-07-23
WO2015106758A1 (fr) 2015-07-23
JP2017503330A (ja) 2017-01-26
WO2015106758A4 (fr) 2015-09-03
DE102014100420A1 (de) 2015-07-30
SG10201806044YA (en) 2018-08-30

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