WO2020079182A1 - Système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique et véhicule automobile équipé d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique - Google Patents

Système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique et véhicule automobile équipé d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020079182A1
WO2020079182A1 PCT/EP2019/078270 EP2019078270W WO2020079182A1 WO 2020079182 A1 WO2020079182 A1 WO 2020079182A1 EP 2019078270 W EP2019078270 W EP 2019078270W WO 2020079182 A1 WO2020079182 A1 WO 2020079182A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
coolant
heat accumulator
thermal energy
energy storage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/078270
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Yongchin Neav
Hans-Christoph Hossfeld
Christopher Beauchamp
Jorge GADEA
Nicolas LUTZ
Original Assignee
Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh filed Critical Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh
Publication of WO2020079182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020079182A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/028—Control arrangements therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/16—Materials undergoing chemical reactions when used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/20—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning atmospheric freezing conditions, e.g. automatically draining or heating during frosty weather
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/10—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/11—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P2011/205—Indicating devices; Other safety devices using heat-accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/24—Hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/16—Outlet manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/18—Heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal energy storage system and a motor vehicle with a thermal energy storage system.
  • exhaust gas heat from the internal combustion engine can be used to heat a coolant circulating in a coolant circuit.
  • the coolant is used to cool the internal combustion engine.
  • the coolant can be used to heat a passenger compartment.
  • the coolant must have a certain minimum temperature.
  • motor vehicles usually have an exhaust gas heat recovery system by means of which heat can be extracted from an exhaust gas system in order to heat the coolant.
  • the exhaust system is not at a sufficient temperature to heat the coolant. Therefore, after a cold start of the internal combustion engine, electrical loads, such as PTC heating elements, are switched on to heat up a passenger compartment more quickly.
  • electrical loads such as PTC heating elements
  • a thermal energy storage system for a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, a heat accumulator
  • Exhaust gas heat recovery system and a coolant circuit a coolant circulating in the coolant circuit being heated by means of the exhaust gas heat recovery system and the heat accumulator optionally being chargeable by means of heat from the coolant and / or by means of electrical energy via a mains connection, the heat accumulator being a thermochemical heat accumulator and / or the heat accumulator a Phase change material includes.
  • the heat exchanger can also have both a phase change material and a thermochemical heat exchanger. This can be implemented in one housing or in two separate housings, in the latter case one housing representing the thermal heat accumulator and the other the heat accumulator with phase change material, which are regarded as a common heat exchanger in the sense of the invention. Alternatively, these variants are installed in a heat exchanger housing.
  • the exhaust gas heat recovery system preferably comprises a heat exchanger which is connected to the coolant circuit in such a way that heat can be transferred from the exhaust system to the coolant.
  • the heat accumulator can emit thermal energy to the coolant, especially when the exhaust gas heat recovery system has not yet reached a sufficient temperature to heat the coolant to a suitable temperature as quickly as possible.
  • the coolant is heated by means of the heat store, no electrical energy is consumed, so that an energy consumption of the motor vehicle is reduced.
  • the duration of the stop phases can be increased by means of the heat store, which also has an advantageous effect on the energy consumption of the motor vehicle.
  • the heat accumulator can be recharged either by means of heat from the coolant or by means of electrical energy via a mains connection means that the motor vehicle is optimized in such a way that as little electrical energy as possible is used, especially during ferry operation. In this way, the range of the motor vehicle can be particularly high.
  • Thermochemical heat stores store heat with the help of endothermic and exothermic reactions and include, for example, silica gel or zeolites.
  • the phase change material changes its physical state, mostly from solid to liquid or vice versa.
  • Thermochemical heat storage devices are used with particular preference since they enable almost loss-free storage of larger amounts of heat over longer periods of time.
  • the heat accumulator is preferably arranged in a bypass line of the coolant circuit in such a way that the heat accumulator can optionally be connected to the coolant circuit or decoupled therefrom. In this way, the heat accumulator can be switched to a storage mode in which the heat accumulator neither absorbs nor releases energy. Use of the heat accumulator can thus be controlled.
  • the heat accumulator is switched to the storage mode when the internal combustion engine is running and the coolant has reached a sufficient temperature so that no additional thermal energy is necessary, and at the same time the heat accumulator is fully or almost fully charged. This prevents the heat accumulator from being constantly charged or discharged slightly, which has an advantageous effect on the service life of the heat accumulator.
  • a valve is arranged in the coolant circuit, a coolant flow to the heat accumulator being controllable by means of the valve. This means that, depending on requirements, the entire coolant flow or only a part of the coolant flow can be directed through the heat accumulator or a coolant flow through the heat accumulator can be completely prevented.
  • the exhaust gas heat recovery system comprises a heat exchanger provided in a bypass of an exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust gas heat recovery system can be decoupled from the coolant circuit by blocking an exhaust gas flow through the heat exchanger. This prevents the coolant in the coolant circuit from being overheated.
  • the heat exchanger is bypassed in particular when the heat accumulator is fully charged and the coolant has reached a sufficient temperature or when the internal combustion engine is active.
  • the heat store is preferably arranged downstream of the exhaust gas heat recovery system.
  • the heat accumulator can be charged particularly quickly since the coolant has a particularly high temperature downstream of the exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • the heat accumulator is arranged between the heat exchanger of the exhaust gas heat recovery system and the internal combustion engine.
  • a pump is arranged in the coolant circuit, for example, a coolant pressure between an inlet of the exhaust gas heat recovery system and an outlet of the heat accumulator being adjustable by means of the pump.
  • the pressure in this section of the coolant circuit is higher than in the rest of the coolant circuit.
  • the object is further achieved according to the invention by a motor vehicle with a thermal energy storage system which is designed as described above. Due to the thermal energy storage system, the motor vehicle can be particularly economical, in particular have a low fuel consumption.
  • the motor vehicle can comprise an electric motor for driving the motor vehicle in addition to the internal combustion engine, wherein an energy store for operating the electric motor can also be charged via the mains connection.
  • the motor vehicle is a hybrid vehicle.
  • An additional electric motor can significantly reduce the fuel consumption of the motor vehicle compared to a motor vehicle without an additional electric motor for driving the motor vehicle. Since the heat store can be charged via the same mains connection as the energy store for operating the electric motor, the heat store can be charged to a maximum automatically when the energy store is charged. This ensures that there is a maximum possible range of the motor vehicle after a charging process for charging the energy store. In particular, the duration of a purely electric ferry operation can be increased. In addition, components can be saved since no separate network connections for the energy store and the heat store have to be provided.
  • the coolant circuit is preferably designed for cooling the internal combustion engine and with a heating device for heating a passenger compartment. This has the advantage that the coolant can be used in a variety of ways can, namely for cooling the engine, for heating the passenger compartment and for charging the heat accumulator.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle according to the invention with a thermal energy storage system
  • Figures 2 to 5 are each a graph illustrating various operating states of the thermal energy storage system of the motor vehicle according to the Invention and
  • FIGS 6 to 8 different operating states of a thermochemical heat accumulator for a motor vehicle according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle 10 according to the invention with a thermal energy storage system.
  • the motor vehicle 10 is, for example, a hybrid vehicle which comprises an internal combustion engine 14 and, in addition to the internal combustion engine 14, an electric motor 15 for driving the motor vehicle 10.
  • the thermal energy storage system 12 of the motor vehicle 10 has, in addition to the internal combustion engine 14, a heat accumulator 16, an exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 with a heat exchanger 20 and a coolant circuit 22 in which a coolant circulates.
  • the coolant can be heated both by means of the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 and by means of the heat accumulator 16.
  • the heat accumulator 16 is suitable for storing energy and releasing it again in the form of heat at a suitable point in time, in particular to the coolant.
  • heat can be extracted from the coolant circulating in the coolant circuit 22.
  • a network connection 23 is provided, via which the heat accumulator 16 can be charged by means of electrical energy.
  • the mains connection 23 can simultaneously be connected to an energy store 17 for operating the electric motor 15, in such a way that the energy store 17 can also be charged via the mains connection 23.
  • the coolant circuit 22 serves primarily to cool the internal combustion engine 14.
  • the coolant circuit 22 is coupled to a heating device 24 for heating a passenger compartment 21.
  • the waste heat from the internal combustion engine 14 can be used to heat the passenger compartment 21, which has an advantageous effect on the energy consumption of the motor vehicle 10.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 each illustrate, using a diagram, different operating states of a motor vehicle 10 according to the invention, in particular different operating states of a thermal energy storage system 12 of the motor vehicle 10 according to the invention.
  • the heat accumulator 16 is arranged in a bypass line 19 of the coolant circuit 22, as a result of which the heat accumulator 16 can optionally be connected to the coolant circuit 22 or decoupled therefrom.
  • a valve 25 is arranged in the coolant circuit 22, a coolant flow to the heat accumulator 16 being controllable by means of the valve 25.
  • the heat accumulator 16 is arranged downstream of the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18.
  • the coolant flows through the heat accumulator 16 immediately after it has been heated in the heat exchanger 20.
  • the heat exchanger 20 of the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 is arranged in a bypass of an exhaust line 26.
  • the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 can either be connected to the coolant circuit 22 or be decoupled from it.
  • a flap 28 is provided in the exhaust system, which can open or close a flow path through the heat exchanger 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first operating state of the thermal energy storage system 12.
  • the internal combustion engine 14 is in operation and the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 is connected to the coolant circuit 22, so that the coolant can be heated by means of the heat exchanger 20 by residual heat from the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust system.
  • the flap 28 is in a first position, so that exhaust gas can flow through the heat exchanger 20.
  • the heat accumulator 16 can be active or inactive in this operating state. In the active state, the heat accumulator 16 emits thermal energy to the coolant, and in the inactive state, the heat accumulator 16 does not emit thermal energy. In order to bring the heat accumulator 16 into an active or inactive state, the coolant flow through the heat accumulator 16 is switched on or off by means of the valve 25. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the coolant flow is divided so that part of the coolant flows through the heat accumulator 16 and another part flows directly to the internal combustion engine 14.
  • the heat accumulator 16 is preferably active when a significant temperature difference between an input of the heat accumulator 16 and an output of the heat accumulator 16 can be achieved.
  • a temperature T 2 at the outlet of the heat accumulator 16 is significantly higher than a temperature Ti at the inlet of the heat accumulator 16.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second operating state of the thermal energy storage system 12.
  • the internal combustion engine 14 is switched off.
  • the heat energy storage system 12 is switched, for example, from the first to the second operating state when the coolant has reached a defined operating temperature, for example a temperature of 65 °.
  • a defined operating temperature for example a temperature of 65 °.
  • the passenger compartment 21 is heated by means of the heating device 24 by the residual heat of the coolant and by heat from the heat accumulator 16.
  • the heat accumulator 16 compensates for the heat consumed by the heating device 24 as well as heat losses in the coolant circuit 22. This avoids that the internal combustion engine 14 only has to be started for heating purposes. However, it is possible that the internal combustion engine 14 has to be started independently of the heating situation, for example on the basis of the present torque requirements.
  • the internal combustion engine 14 becomes active for heating purposes, for example, when the temperature of the coolant drops below 60 °.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further operating state of the thermal energy storage system 12. In this operating state, the heat accumulator 16 is charged.
  • the internal combustion engine 14 must be active in order to charge the heat accumulator 16 using heat from the coolant, or the heat accumulator 16 is connected to an electrical energy source by means of the mains connection 23.
  • the complete coolant flow is passed through the heat accumulator 16 by the valve 25 being brought into a corresponding position.
  • the flap 28 is in a position that allows an exhaust gas flow through the heat exchanger 20, that is, the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 is coupled to the coolant circuit 22.
  • the temperature of the coolant In order to be able to charge the heat accumulator 16 from the coolant by means of heat, the temperature of the coolant must be sufficiently high. In particular, a temperature Ti at the input of the heat accumulator 16 must be higher than a temperature T 2 at the output of the heat accumulator 16. In order to achieve this, the coolant is heated to a suitable temperature by means of the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further operating state of the thermal energy storage system 12.
  • the heat accumulator 16 is fully charged and is therefore decoupled from the coolant circuit 22 when the internal combustion engine 14 is active and therefore no additional thermal energy from the heat accumulator 16 is necessary to maintain the temperature of the Keep coolant at an appropriate operating temperature.
  • the exhaust gas heat recovery system 18 can also be decoupled from the coolant circuit 22 when the coolant has reached a sufficient temperature.
  • the flap 28 is brought into a suitable position in which a flow path through the heat exchanger 20 is closed.
  • the mode of operation of the heat accumulator 16 is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • the heat accumulator 16 described is a thermochemical heat accumulator.
  • the thermal energy storage system 12 operates as a function of the absorption / desorption equilibrium of temperature and pressure.
  • the heat accumulator 16 can have phase change material.
  • thermochemical heat accumulator 16 comprises a container 30 with a sorption material 32, which is suitable for attracting water vapor and on it Add surface, whereby heat is released (adsorption). Conversely, 32 thermal energy must be used to dry the sorption material (desorption).
  • the sorption material 32 contains granules of silica gel that are hygroscopic and highly porous and therefore have a large inner surface.
  • the sorption material 32 can have activated carbon or zeolite.
  • thermochemical heat accumulator 16 comprises a storage container 34 for receiving a working medium 33 which can be adsorbed or desorbed by the sorption material 32 in order to release or store heat as required.
  • the container 30 and the reservoir 34 are fluidly connected to one another via a line 36, a fluid circuit being formed by means of the line 36, in which the container 30 and the reservoir 34 are arranged.
  • At least one condenser 38, at least one valve 40 and at least one evaporator 42 are arranged in line 36.
  • heat is released from the coolant circuit 22 to the sorbent material 32, which triggers an endothermic reaction in which the working medium 33 is desorbed in gas form.
  • This increases the pressure in the heat accumulator 16, in particular in the line 36, and the working medium 33 is stored in the storage container 34 in liquid or gaseous form.
  • an electrical heating device can be provided, which is supplied with energy via the mains connection 23 and which can also emit heat to the sorption material 23.
  • a heating device can comprise, for example, a PTC heating element.
  • the storage container 34 is preferably cooled and / or serves as an additional heat sink for heating the passenger compartment 21.
  • FIG. 8 shows the operating state from FIG. 4, in particular an operating state in which the coolant is heated by means of heat from the heat accumulator 16, the heat accumulator 16 being a thermochemical heat accumulator 16, as was described in connection with FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • working medium 33 is released from the storage container 34.
  • the valves 40 are opened.
  • the working medium 33 Due to the evaporator 42, which is provided between the storage container 34 and the container 30, the working medium 33 reaches the container 30 in gas form. In container 30, the gaseous working medium 33 is adsorbed by the sorption material 32, which triggers an exothermic reaction by which heat is released. The heat released is used to heat the coolant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique (12) comprenant un moteur à combustion interne (14), un accumulateur thermique (16), un système de récupération de chaleur des gaz d'échappement (18) et un circuit de réfrigérant (22). Un réfrigérant circulant dans le circuit de réfrigérant (22) est chauffé au moyen du système de récupération de chaleur des gaz d'échappement (18) et l'accumulateur thermique (16) peut être chargé sélectivement au moyen de chaleur provenant du réfrigérant et/ou au moyen d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un raccordement au réseau (23), l'accumulateur thermique (16) étant un accumulateur thermique thermochimique et/ou cet accumulateur thermique (16) comportant un matériau à changement de phase. Cette invention concerne en outre un véhicule automobile équipé d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique.
PCT/EP2019/078270 2018-10-18 2019-10-17 Système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique et véhicule automobile équipé d'un système d'accumulation d'énergie thermique WO2020079182A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018125952.2A DE102018125952A1 (de) 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 Wärmeenergiespeichersystem und Kraftfahrzeug mit Wärmeenergiespeichersystem
DE102018125952.2 2018-10-18

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US11987142B2 (en) 2021-03-26 2024-05-21 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Temperature regulation of vehicle charging components
US11685233B2 (en) 2021-03-26 2023-06-27 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Temperature regulation for a vehicle power system

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EP1331113A1 (fr) * 2002-01-26 2003-07-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Système de réfrigération et/ou de chauffage d'un espace, avec cycle de réfrigération par adsorption
FR2949515A1 (fr) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Equipement de rechauffage d'un fluide d'un organe de vehicule
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EP1267050A1 (fr) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Dispositif perfectionné de régulation thermique à stockage d'énergie pour véhicule automobile
EP1331113A1 (fr) * 2002-01-26 2003-07-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Système de réfrigération et/ou de chauffage d'un espace, avec cycle de réfrigération par adsorption
FR2949515A1 (fr) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Equipement de rechauffage d'un fluide d'un organe de vehicule
DE102011017764A1 (de) * 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Wärmespeichersystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug
US20160090096A1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-03-31 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Systems and Methods For Preheating Hybrid Vehicles
US20180023453A1 (en) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-25 Denso Corporation Engine warm-up apparatus for vehicle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3116327A1 (fr) * 2020-11-17 2022-05-20 Novares France Installation de réchauffage d’un fluide d’un organe de véhicule

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