EP3099616B1 - Method for operating a lift system - Google Patents
Method for operating a lift system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3099616B1 EP3099616B1 EP15704956.0A EP15704956A EP3099616B1 EP 3099616 B1 EP3099616 B1 EP 3099616B1 EP 15704956 A EP15704956 A EP 15704956A EP 3099616 B1 EP3099616 B1 EP 3099616B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- car
- cabin
- cars
- systems
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 76
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 57
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
- B66B1/2491—For elevator systems with lateral transfers of cars or cabins between hoistways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
- B66B1/2416—For single car elevator systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
- B66B1/2433—For elevator systems with a single shaft and multiple cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
- B66B1/2458—For elevator systems with multiple shafts and a single car per shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
- B66B1/2466—For elevator systems with multiple shafts and multiple cars per shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B3/00—Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions of elevators
- B66B3/002—Indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B9/003—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures for lateral transfer of car or frame, e.g. between vertical hoistways or to/from a parking position
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/10—Details with respect to the type of call input
- B66B2201/103—Destination call input before entering the elevator car
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/30—Details of the elevator system configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/30—Details of the elevator system configuration
- B66B2201/301—Shafts divided into zones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/30—Details of the elevator system configuration
- B66B2201/304—Transit control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/30—Details of the elevator system configuration
- B66B2201/304—Transit control
- B66B2201/305—Transit control with sky lobby
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating an elevator system and a corresponding elevator system.
- Skyscrapers and buildings with a large number of floors require complex elevator systems in order to handle all transport processes as effectively as possible.
- a large number of users should be transported from the different floors to the ground floor.
- Double-decker car systems have two cars in one elevator shaft. These two cabins of a double-decker cabin system are usually firmly connected to one another and mostly cannot be moved independently of one another.
- Multi-car systems have at least two cars in an elevator shaft. These cabins of a multi-cabin system can be moved independently of one another.
- Such multi-cabin systems with two cabins which can be moved independently of one another in an elevator shaft are marketed by the applicant under the name "TWIN".
- an elevator system is known in which a multi-car system changing shafts is provided in two elevator shafts, which connects a bottom floor with an uppermost floor, the cars of the multi-car system only stopping at fixed main floors.
- one-car systems are provided as local elevators in further elevator shafts, which can move to all floors within a shaft section. Elevator users should use the multi-cabin system to travel to a suitable main floor. Using one of the single-cabin systems, the elevator user should then travel to the desired floor.
- a similar elevator system is also in the JP H07 277615 A disclosed.
- Each known elevator system mostly has individual advantages, but also individual disadvantages.
- For modern elevator systems it is hardly efficient to use only a single car system.
- Known cabin systems are hardly able to cope with the requirements for the steadily growing number of storeys of high-rise buildings and the associated increase in users.
- Extensions of such known cabin systems and their performance require an increased space and space requirement and are associated with increased operating, installation and maintenance costs and one great need for resources. Extensions of known cabin systems therefore often prove to be not economical and cannot meet building planning requirements.
- An elevator system comprises a first and a second shaft unit. At least one single-cabin system or one-cabin system and / or at least one multi-cabin system is provided in the first shaft unit. At least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system is provided in the second shaft unit.
- the first shaft unit can thus comprise a large number of single and / or multi-cabin systems.
- a separate elevator shaft is provided for each single-cabin system and for each multi-cabin system.
- the first shaft unit can thus comprise a plurality of elevator shafts. An appropriate number of cabs thus travels within the individual elevator shafts of the first shaft unit.
- At least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system is provided in the second shaft unit.
- the second shaft unit comprises in particular at least two elevator shafts.
- In these at least two elevator shafts there is at least one multi-car system changing shafts.
- a shaft changing multi-car system comprises in particular at least two cars in at least two elevator shafts. These at least two cars can expediently switch between the at least two elevator shafts.
- the cabins of a multi-car system that changes shafts are not permanently bound to an elevator shaft, as is the case with single-car systems and multi-car systems.
- the cars of a multi-car system changing shafts can switch between the elevator shafts at an upper and / or at a lower end of the elevator shafts. It is also conceivable to change the cars between the elevator shafts on other suitable floors, for example in the area of the center of the shaft. If the shaft-changing multi-car system comprises more than two elevator shafts, the individual cars of the shaft-changing multi-car system can in particular switch between all of these elevator shafts. Such a change of cabins between elevator shafts can, for example, only be carried out between adjacent elevator shafts, or in particular also flexibly between non-adjacent elevator shafts.
- the decision is made as to which cabin or cabins the transport process is to be carried out. It will be decided whether the transport process is carried out using one or more cabins of the at least one single-cabin system, one or more cabins of the at least one multi-cabin system, one or more cabins of the at least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system or a combination of these
- the elevator system comprises a control unit, which is able to calculate an optimal transport process, taking into account the respective cabs, using a suitable computing model.
- a control unit is expediently designed with a target control unit or target selection control that can be actuated by persons to be conveyed.
- the transfer stops offer additional degrees of freedom for possible combination or combinatorics of the individual cabins of the different cabin systems for the transport process.
- the transfer stops thus form a variable for the evaluation or decision according to the invention as to which cabin (s) of the different cabin systems are used for the transportation process.
- All of the cabin systems of the first and second shaft units are taken into account for the evaluation.
- the evaluation is not carried out separately and independently of one another for the different cabin systems of the first and second shaft units.
- the elevator system as a whole is taken into account for the assessment. In particular, a combination of all of the elevator system's cabin systems is thus taken into account for the evaluation.
- the elevator system is therefore not operated as a mere series of individual car systems.
- the individual car systems of the elevator system are therefore not operated independently of one another.
- the individual cabin systems are thus combined with one another as best as possible.
- the individual cabin systems are thus networked with one another.
- all the cabins of the individual cabin systems are networked with one another.
- all cabins of the individual cabin systems are taken into account.
- the transfer stops enable passengers to be transferred between cabins individual cabin systems can change, such networking or combination of the individual cabin systems.
- the combination of the individual cabin systems or the combination of the individual cabins of the individual cabin systems can be used to carry out the transport process as quickly as possible or as well as possible.
- the individual cabin systems can be combined with each other via the transfer stops.
- the invention provides an effective combination of a shaft changing multi-cabin system with single and / or multi-cabin systems.
- the advantages of the individual cabin systems can also be optimally combined or maximized.
- a shaft changing multi-cabin system has the advantage of a high handling capacity (HC), i.e. a high transport capacity.
- HC high handling capacity
- this advantage can only be optimally exploited if the shaft-changing multi-cabin system has to make as few stops as possible. Since the invention makes it possible to carry out transport processes with as few transfers as possible and thus with as few intermediate stops as possible, these advantages of the multi-cabin system changing shafts can be optimally used.
- the invention is particularly suitable for elevator systems in buildings with a building height or a vertical length of up to 1000 m.
- a handling capacity for the transport of passengers can be optimized by means of the elevator system according to the invention.
- a cross-sectional area of the vertical transport system can be minimized.
- the space and space requirements of the elevator system according to the invention can be kept as low as possible in order to optimize the handling capacity.
- the transport processes can be optimized by the combination or networking of the individual cabin systems and the evaluation according to the invention as to which of the cabins of the individual cabin systems are used for a transport process.
- the transport processes can be carried out as quickly as possible and in a time-optimized manner, with a minimal time for a user to reach the destination floor.
- a waiting time on the starting floor for a car in the elevator system can be kept as short as possible.
- the transport process is carried out with a minimum number of stops in the individual cabins.
- the transport process can be carried out with a transfer or a transfer or a change of cabins.
- the necessary transfers are reduced to a minimum by the evaluation according to the invention.
- the elevator system thus has an objectively and / or subjectively optimized transport behavior.
- the networking of the individual cabin systems and the evaluation according to the invention are carried out, in particular, by a suitable networking control, which is carried out, for example, on a suitable control unit or a suitable control unit.
- a suitable networking control which is carried out, for example, on a suitable control unit or a suitable control unit.
- the elevator system according to the invention can also be operated without this networking or combination of the individual car systems, for example if they do Networking control fails.
- the individual cabin systems can also be operated independently of one another and not networked with one another.
- the evaluation can take into account the individual cabin systems themselves and not their combination or networking.
- the division of elevator shafts according to the invention into a first and a second shaft unit, as well as the use of single or multi-cabin systems on the one hand and shaft-changing multi-cabin systems on the other hand, can be regarded as a basic configuration which can be flexibly adapted depending on the height of a corresponding building. Accordingly, the basic configuration can also depend on the population of the corresponding building or traffic flow, i.e. the (average) number of transport processes.
- Multi-cabin systems in particular, have the advantage over double-decker cabin systems that they operate several cabins that can be flexibly moved in different directions.
- double-decker cabin systems mostly require double entry levels. Due to the combination of the cabin systems according to the invention, no such double entry levels are required. Such double entry levels usually also require escalators or escalators for an upper one of the double entry levels, which creates additional effort. Nevertheless, the use of double entry levels is also possible for the invention.
- the first and the second shaft unit are each divided into vertical intervals. This single vertical Intervals encompass or extend over a certain or appropriate number of floors.
- the two shaft units are divided analogously into the same vertical intervals.
- the vertical length of a building in which the elevator system according to the invention is installed can be divided into equal, equidistant vertical intervals.
- the individual vertical intervals can also each comprise a different, expedient number of floors.
- One or more of the single cabin systems can be provided in each of these vertical intervals of the first shaft unit.
- an elevator shaft is provided in the respective vertical interval for each single-cabin system.
- a car can be moved in this elevator shaft of the vertical interval.
- a common multi-cabin system can also be provided in several of the vertical intervals. These vertical intervals are in particular vertically adjacent intervals.
- an elevator shaft extends over these corresponding vertical intervals.
- the cabins of this multi-cabin system can be moved independently in this elevator shaft over the corresponding vertical intervals. In particular, one cabin of this multi-cabin system is moved within one of these vertical intervals. In particular, one cabin of this multi-cabin system thus runs in each of these vertical intervals.
- a multi-cabin system may be provided in a vertical interval or for a multi-cabin system to run in individual of the vertical intervals of the first shaft unit.
- These corresponding vertical intervals in particular each include an elevator shaft in which a plurality of cars of the respective multi-car system can be moved independently.
- At least one single-cabin system and / or at least part of a multi-cabin system is thus provided in each vertical interval of the first shaft unit.
- a first vertical interval can comprise a first elevator shaft in which a single-car system is present.
- this first vertical interval can comprise a second elevator shaft, which is not limited to this first vertical interval and also extends over a second vertical interval lying above it.
- a multi-car system for example, can be present in this second elevator shaft and thus in the first and second vertical intervals.
- the first shaft unit can thus comprise a large number of single and / or multi-cabin systems. Furthermore, the first shaft unit can thus comprise a plurality of elevator shafts. Individual elevator shafts can only extend within a vertical interval or over several vertically adjacent vertical intervals. An appropriate number of cabs thus travels within the individual elevator shafts of the first shaft unit. Each of these cabins only runs within the specific vertical intervals or between the floors of these specific vertical intervals in which the corresponding single-cabin system or multi-cabin system is provided.
- the elevator shafts of the individual vertical intervals of the first shaft unit do not in particular extend over the entire vertical length of the building, but only over the vertical length of the respective interval or the respective intervals.
- the individual elevator shafts of the vertical intervals are separated from one another in particular by physical physical barriers or delimited.
- Each elevator shaft of the vertical intervals has its own machine room for the respective single or multi-cabin system. In particular, machine room-less designs of the single or multi-cabin systems are also conceivable.
- elevator shafts can also be separated from adjacent, consecutive vertical intervals lying one above the other by no physical physical barrier and connected to one another.
- a shaft can extend over the entire vertical length of the building. Individual (consecutive) floors are expediently divided into the individual vertical intervals or combined to form these. This elevator shaft is thus divided into an appropriate number of vertical intervals and thus an appropriate number of smaller elevator shafts.
- a car in one of the elevator shafts of the first shaft unit is not able to move over the entire vertical length of the building.
- Each cabin can in particular only move within the corresponding vertical intervals in which the respective single or multi-cabin system is provided.
- the shaft-changing multi-cabin systems in the second shaft unit extend in particular over several of the vertical intervals, in particular over all vertical intervals. This means in particular that cabins of a multi-cabin system changing shafts can move to all floors.
- the cars of a multi-car system changing shafts can switch between the elevator shafts at an upper and / or at a lower end of the elevator shafts.
- the cars are changed between the elevator shafts in particular in at least one of the vertical intervals, furthermore in particular between two above one another arranged vertical intervals.
- Two vertical intervals arranged one above the other are to be understood as two vertical intervals that are adjacent in the vertical direction.
- transfer stops are floors at which vertical intervals adjacent to one another adjoin one another. In particular, these transfer stops are used for transport operations to higher floors. Transfer stops at which two vertical intervals arranged one above the other form, in particular, entry options for the cabin system of the respective upper of these two vertical intervals.
- the cabins of the at least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system can run over the entire vertical length of the second shaft unit.
- the cars of the at least one multi-car system changing shafts can be moved over the entire vertical length of the respective elevator shafts of the second shaft unit.
- the elevator shafts of the second shaft unit can extend over the entire vertical length of the building.
- the cabins of the single-cabin systems and the multi-cabin systems only operate within certain vertical intervals of the first shaft unit.
- each shaft-changing multi-cabin system can also only extend over a (in particular different, individual) part of the vertical length of the building or the elevator shaft and thus over certain vertical intervals.
- this multi-cabin system is a two-cabin system in which two cabins are moved independently of one another. In an upper one an upper cabin of the multi-cabin system is moved in these two vertical intervals, a lower cabin of the multi-cabin system is moved in a lower of these two vertical intervals.
- the floor to which these two vertical intervals adjoin serves in particular as a transfer stop or entry level for the upper cabin of the multi-cabin system.
- the bottom floor of the lower vertical interval serves in particular as a transfer stop or entry level for the lower cabin of the multi-cabin system.
- the vertical intervals of the elevator shafts can overlap. This means that certain floors are calculated at two different vertical intervals. If two vertical intervals overlap, the cabins of the respective two single or multi-cabin systems of these two overlapping vertical intervals in the elevator shaft can move to these overlapping floors. The particular floors in which two vertical intervals overlap can thus be approached both by the cabin of the single or multi-cabin system of the one overlapping vertical interval and by the cabin of the single or multi-cabin system of the other overlapping vertical interval. However, the cabins of the single-cabin systems or the multi-cabin systems only operate within the respective vertical intervals. However, the overlapping of vertical intervals can make it possible that certain floors can still be approached by several cabins.
- the overlapping floors thus form overlapping transfer stops at which passengers can enter both the cabin system of the upper vertical interval and the cabin system of the lower vertical interval.
- Such overlapping transfer stops are particularly suitable for two single-cabin systems.
- the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system of the second shaft unit are advantageously used as feeder cabins in the course of a first partial transportation process of the transportation process.
- the transport process can thus be divided into several partial transport processes, in particular into two partial transport processes.
- a comparatively large vertical distance or height or number of floors is covered.
- the feeders thus serve to cover a long distance.
- the cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are thus used as long-haul cabins.
- the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system are used as feeder cabins in transfer stops in the course of the first partial transportation process.
- the feeder cabins are thus moved in particular between the transfer stops.
- passengers are thus transported to transfer stops at which the passengers can change to another cabin system.
- These feeder cabins preferably run between individual vertical intervals in the course of the first partial transport operation of the transport operation.
- the cabins of the single-cabin systems and multi-cabin systems of the first shaft unit are advantageously used as short-distance cabins in the course of a second partial transportation process of the transportation process.
- these short-haul cabins preferably travel between floors within the respective vertical intervals of the corresponding single-cabin system or multi-cabin system.
- a comparatively small vertical distance or height or number of floors is covered.
- the cabins of the single-cabin system or multi-cabin system of the first shaft unit within of the individual vertical intervals are thus designed in particular as local elevator groups.
- the transport process can be optimized using this combination of feeder cabins and short-haul cabins.
- To use the shaft-changing multi-cabin system as feeder cabins (in particular in a transfer stop) for the first partial transport process and the single and multi-cabin system as short-haul cabins for the second partial transport process is a particularly preferred combination or networking of the individual cabin systems.
- passengers are transported using the feeder cabins, in particular in transfer stops, at which the passengers change to one of the short-haul cabins.
- This use of the individual cabins as feeder cabins and short-haul cabins or a corresponding number of permissible floors between which the individual feeder cabins and short-haul cabins move is taken into account in particular in the evaluation according to the invention.
- this first partial transport operation can first be carried out by means of a feeder cabin at the vertical interval in which the destination floor is located. In the corresponding transfer stop, you can change from the feeder cabin to a short-haul cabin. Using this short-distance cabin, the second partial transport operation can then be carried out within this vertical interval to the corresponding destination floor.
- transfer stops are therefore transfer options for the transport process.
- a change of cabins between individual partial transport processes takes place in these transfer stops.
- the transfer stops are in particular feeder stops.
- a change from a feeder cabin of the first partial transport to a short-distance cabin of the second partial transport takes place in these transfer stops.
- floors within individual vertical intervals can also be selected as transfer stops.
- the transfer stops can be chosen flexibly, even during the regular operation of the elevator system.
- the transfer stops are therefore not fixed and binding, but can be chosen flexibly, adapted to the current traffic flow or the current number of transport processes.
- At least two shaft-changing multi-cabin systems are operated in the second shaft system and cabins of at least two shaft-changing multi-cabin systems are used as feeder cabins, the individual transfer stops can all of them Feeder cabins can be divided. This avoids unnecessary stops in individual cabins.
- the transfer stops are preferably provided at vertical distances of 20 m to 100 m.
- the transfer stops can be arranged in such a way (in particular equidistant) vertical distances that are optimal in order to cope with the up-peak (large number of transport processes to higher floors) during peak times.
- the transfer stops are provided at vertical intervals such that an optimal dispatch algorithm can be carried out in the course of the evaluation according to the invention.
- the shaft units are preferably divided into two to five vertical intervals per 100 m building height.
- both shaft units are divided into the same vertical intervals.
- an optimal dispatch algorithm can be carried out in the course of the evaluation according to the invention. This ensures that traffic in the moving units in the shaft units is minimized.
- the elevator system is preferably operated without a destination selection control (DSC) or without making a call.
- DSC destination selection control
- the cabins of the multi-cabin system are (exclusively) used as feeder cabins, destination selection control can be saved.
- the individual vertical intervals can be realized in particular with a direction-sensitive collective control.
- the networking of the individual cabin systems thus ensures, in particular, that a cabin is always immediately provided in the transfer options. Alternatively, it is still possible to implement a destination selection control or a call delivery in the elevator system.
- the multi-cabin system changing shafts is operated without call control.
- the cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are in particular moved permanently between the transfer stops, regardless of call control.
- passengers can get into any of the cabins of the multi-cabin system, which is available on the starting floor, to begin their transport process.
- the passenger then disembarks independently at the corresponding transfer stop and changes to one of the short-haul cabins to get to the destination floor.
- the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system or the cabins of each shaft-changing multi-cabin system are each synchronized.
- starts or departures and arrivals of the individual cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system are synchronized, that is to say coordinated with one another.
- the departures and arrivals at the individual transfer stops are synchronized. This avoids traffic jams and an optimal number of cabins in the multi-cabin system can be operated.
- the driving curves of the individual cabins can be individually adapted through the synchronization. Long waiting times and separate stops by waiting for other cabins are thus avoided or reduced.
- oppositely moving cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts can be taken into account and coordinated with one another.
- the journeys of oppositely moving cabins can be coordinated with one another, so that the oppositely moving cabins set in motion essentially simultaneously.
- a first downward moving cabin of the shaft changing Multi-cabin system can be seen as a "virtual" counterweight of a second upward-moving cabin of the multi-cabin system that changes shafts.
- Energy management of the elevator system can thus be further optimized.
- the downward movement of the first car can be used to generate energy which is used (instantaneously) for the upward movement of the second car.
- a connected load of the elevator system can thus be optimized.
- Information relating to the transport process is preferably output by means of a display device.
- Such information can in particular include departure times or arrival times of cabins which are used for the transport process.
- the information can include delay times by which, for example, the departure of a cabin is delayed.
- Such delay times can occur, for example, when cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are synchronized. It can be the case, for example, that passengers are still boarding one of the cabins, while another cabin, which serves as a virtual counterweight, is ready for departure.
- Such a display device represents in particular an information system for arrival and departure.
- Such display devices can be designed, for example, visually and / or acoustically.
- a display device is designed as a monitor, which is arranged in the individual cabins and / or outside the cabins.
- a display device can also be arranged at the individual transfer stops.
- the transport process is carried out in particular outside of defined peak times by means of a cabin of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system in the course of a direct journey.
- a cabin of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system in the course of a direct journey, only the corresponding cabin leads the transport process from the first floor to the destination floor.
- it is not necessary to operate several cabins unnecessarily (in particular a feeder cabin and a short-haul cabin).
- the energy required to operate the elevator system can thus be reduced outside of peak hours, for example.
- the number of cabins in the shaft-changing multi-cabin system can preferably be changed.
- the number can be changed or adapted depending on the number of transport processes or depending on the actual or expected traffic flow.
- Individual cabins can (temporarily) be removed from the multi-cabin system that changes shafts. These removed cabins can in particular be stored in a garage or in a storage room.
- it can be assessed whether and how many cabins are to be removed from the multi-cabin system changing shafts. This evaluation can be carried out in a particularly intelligent, self-learning and forward-looking manner.
- the control unit of the elevator system is able to calculate an optimal transport process, taking into account the respective cabins, on the basis of entered preselectable criteria and / or specifiable and / or recorded parameters using a suitable computing model.
- a control unit is expediently designed with a target control unit or target selection control that can be actuated by persons to be conveyed.
- criteria or parameters which cabin or cabins the transport process is carried out with: the destination floor of a passenger, the destination floors of several passengers, a current traffic density, an energy requirement and / or the availability of individual cabins.
- different traffic routes or options for carrying out the transport process can be calculated. These different traffic routes can take into account direct travel as well as combinations of cabins of the different cabin systems. The best possible or cheapest of these traffic routes is selected on the basis of the criteria or parameters mentioned.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention of a building is shown schematically and designated 100.
- the elevator system 100 has a first shaft unit 110 and a second shaft unit 120.
- the shaft units are divided into five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5.
- a certain number of floors is combined into one of the vertical intervals.
- all five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 have the same vertical height.
- all five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 continue to comprise the same number of floors.
- the vertical intervals can also each have a different appropriate number of floors or vertical height.
- each vertical interval therefore extends over a building height of 20 m.
- the building has 25 floors, for example.
- Each vertical interval thus extends over 5 floors.
- Floors on which two vertical intervals adjoin each other are provided as transfer stops or transfer options H1, H2, H3, H4.
- An entry point H0 is arranged in particular on a ground floor.
- the second shaft unit 120 has four elevator shafts 121, 122, 123, 124 as an example.
- a shaft changing multi-car system is implemented in these four elevator shafts 121, 122, 123, 124 of the second shaft unit 120.
- This shaft-changing multi-cabin system comprises in particular 20 cabins which can switch flexibly between the four shafts 121, 122, 123, 124 of the second shaft unit 120.
- the first shaft unit 110 has four elevator shafts purple, 112a, 113a and 114a within the first interval I1. Within the second and third Intervals I2 and I3, the first shaft unit 110 has a further four elevator shafts 111b, 112b, 113b and 114b. Within the fourth and fifth intervals I4 and I5, the first shaft unit 110 has a further four elevator shafts 111c, 112c, 113c and 114c. These elevator shafts of the different vertical intervals are separated from one another in particular by vertical physical barriers (eg concrete ceilings) and each have their own machine room.
- vertical physical barriers eg concrete ceilings
- each of the four shafts 111a, 112a, 113a, 114a of the first shaft unit 110 one cabin of a single-cabin system runs within the vertical interval I1. This means that a total of five cabins run between the boarding point H0 and the transfer option H1. These cabins are not shown in detail for reasons of clarity.
- the four shafts 111b, 112b, 113b, 114b of the vertical intervals I2 and I3 of the first shaft unit 110 each have two cabins of a respective multi-cabin system which can be moved independently of one another. These multi-cabin systems are each designed as two-cabin systems.
- a lower cabin of the respective multi-cabin system runs.
- An upper cabin of the respective multi-cabin system runs within the four shafts 111b, 112b, 113b, 114b of the third vertical interval I3.
- the transfer stop H1 serves in particular as an entry point for these lower cabins of the respective multi-cabin system.
- the transfer stop H2 serves in particular as an entry point for these upper cabins of the respective multi-cabin system.
- the transfer stop H3 or H4 serves analogously in particular as an entry point for the lower or upper cabin of the respective multi-cabin system.
- a first transport operation is to be carried out on the fourth floor S4.
- a second transport operation is to be carried out to the 10th floor S10, which is the second transfer stop H2.
- a third transport operation is to be carried out to the 17th floor S17.
- a fourth transport operation is to be carried out to the 22nd floor S22.
- the first transport operation to the fourth floor S4 is carried out as a direct run by means of the cabin of the single-cabin system in the purple elevator shaft of the first shaft unit 110.
- the second transport operation to the 10th floor S10 is carried out by means of a cabin of the multi-cabin system changing shafts in the elevator shaft 121 of the second shaft unit 120 as a direct run.
- the third transport operation to the 17th floor S17 is carried out in two partial transport operations.
- a first partial transport operation is carried out from the ground floor to the transfer stop H3.
- This first partial transport operation is carried out by means of a cabin of the multi-cabin system changing shafts in the elevator shaft 123 of the second shaft unit 120 as a feeder journey.
- a second partial transport operation is then carried out from the transfer stop H3 to the floor S17.
- This second partial transport operation is carried out with the lower car of the multi-car system in the elevator shaft 114c of the vertical interval I4.
- the fourth transport operation to the 22nd floor S22 is also carried out in two partial transport operations.
- a first partial transport operation from the ground floor to the transfer stop H4 is carried out.
- This first partial transport process is carried out by means of the car of the multi-car system changing shafts in the elevator shaft 121 of the second shaft unit 120 as a feeder journey.
- This cabin must make a stop at the transfer stop H2 in order to carry out the second transport process.
- the cabin then continues to the transfer stop H4.
- a second partial transport operation is then carried out from the transfer stop H4 to the floor S22.
- This second partial transport operation is carried out with the upper car of the multi-car system in the elevator shaft 113c of the vertical interval I5.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Aufzugsystems sowie ein entsprechendes Aufzugsystem.The present invention relates to a method for operating an elevator system and a corresponding elevator system.
Hochhäuser und Gebäude mit einer Vielzahl von Stockwerken benötigen komplexe Aufzugsysteme, um sämtliche Transportvorgänge möglichst effektiv zu bewältigen. Insbesondere kann es zu Stoßzeiten der Fall sein, dass eine Vielzahl von Benutzern von dem Erdgeschoss des Gebäudes in die unterschiedlichen Stockwerke des Gebäudes transportiert werden möchte. In weiteren Stoßzeiten soll beispielsweise eine Vielzahl von Benutzern von den unterschiedlichen Stockwerken in das Erdgeschoss transportiert werden.Skyscrapers and buildings with a large number of floors require complex elevator systems in order to handle all transport processes as effectively as possible. In particular, it can be the case at peak times that a large number of users want to be transported from the ground floor of the building to the different floors of the building. In other rush hours, for example, a large number of users should be transported from the different floors to the ground floor.
Dies erfordert logistisch optimierte Aufzugsysteme, welche derartige Belastungsspitzen in möglichst kurzer Zeit bewältigen. Dabei sollen einzelne Benutzer möglichst schnell in ihr Zielstockwerk transportiert werden, ohne lange Wartezeiten. Dabei soll zum einen möglichst schnell eine Kabine an einem Anfangsstockwerk, an welchem ein einzelner Benutzer das Aufzugsystem betreten möchte, zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Zum anderen soll die Kabine, in welche der Benutzer einsteigt, möglichst schnell das entsprechende Zielstockwerk erreichen, ohne unnötig viele Zwischenstopps einzulegen. Des Weiteren sollte ein Benutzer möglichst wenige Male die Kabine wechseln müssen, bis er das Zielstockwerk erreicht. Wenn ein Benutzer die Kabine wechseln muss, gilt für die nachfolgende Anschlusskabine ebenfalls die Vorgabe möglichst geringer Wartezeiten. Aufzugsysteme für derartige Zwecke sind bekannt. Single-Kabinensysteme bzw. Ein-Kabinensysteme weisen beispielsweise eine Kabine in einem Aufzugschacht auf. Doppeldecker-Kabinensysteme weisen zwei Kabinen in einem Aufzugschacht auf. Diese beiden Kabinen eines Doppeldecker-Kabinensystems sind zumeist fest miteinander verbunden und können zumeist nicht unabhängig voneinander bewegt werden. Mehrkabinensysteme weisen wenigstens zwei Kabinen in einem Aufzugschacht auf. Diese Kabinen eines Mehrkabinensystems können unabhängig voneinander bewegt werden. Derartige Mehrkabinensysteme mit zwei unabhängig voneinander in einem Aufzugschacht verfahrbaren Kabinen werden von der Anmelderin unter der Bezeichnung "TWIN" vertrieben.This requires logistically optimized elevator systems that can cope with such peak loads in the shortest possible time. Individual users should be transported to their destination floor as quickly as possible, without long waiting times. On the one hand, a cabin should be made available as quickly as possible on an initial floor, on which an individual user wants to enter the elevator system. On the other hand, the cabin in which the user gets in should reach the corresponding destination floor as quickly as possible, without having to make unnecessary stops. Furthermore, a user should have to change the cabin as few times as possible until he reaches the destination floor. If a user has to change the cabin, the following connection cabin is also subject to the shortest possible waiting times. Elevator systems for such purposes are known. Single-car systems or single-car systems have, for example, a car in an elevator shaft. Double-decker car systems have two cars in one elevator shaft. These two cabins of a double-decker cabin system are usually firmly connected to one another and mostly cannot be moved independently of one another. Multi-car systems have at least two cars in an elevator shaft. These cabins of a multi-cabin system can be moved independently of one another. Such multi-cabin systems with two cabins which can be moved independently of one another in an elevator shaft are marketed by the applicant under the name "TWIN".
Aus der
Jedes bekannte Aufzugsystem besitzt zumeist individuelle Vorteile, jedoch auch individuelle Nachteile. Für moderne Aufzuganlagen ist es dabei kaum effizient, nur ein einziges Kabinensystem zu nutzen. Bekannte Kabinensysteme sind kaum mehr in der Lage, den Anforderungen für die stetig wachsende Anzahl von Stockwerken von Hochhäusern und den damit verbundenen Zuwachs an Benutzern zu bewältigen. Erweiterungen derartiger bekannter Kabinensysteme bzw. deren Leistungsfähigkeit bedingen dabei einen erhöhten Flächen- und Raumbedarf und gehen mit erhöhten Betriebs-, Installations- und Wartungskosten sowie einem großen Bedarf an Ressourcen einher. Erweiterungen bekannter Kabinensysteme erweisen sich daher oftmals als nicht wirtschaftlich und können Anforderungen in der Gebäudeplanung nicht erfüllen.Each known elevator system mostly has individual advantages, but also individual disadvantages. For modern elevator systems, it is hardly efficient to use only a single car system. Known cabin systems are hardly able to cope with the requirements for the steadily growing number of storeys of high-rise buildings and the associated increase in users. Extensions of such known cabin systems and their performance require an increased space and space requirement and are associated with increased operating, installation and maintenance costs and one great need for resources. Extensions of known cabin systems therefore often prove to be not economical and cannot meet building planning requirements.
Es ist daher wünschenswert, Aufzugsysteme dahingehend zu verbessern, dass es den Anforderungen für die stetig wachsende Anzahl an Stockwerken von Gebäuden und Hochhäusern und den damit verbundenen höher werden Belastungen durch Benutzer bewältigen kann.It is therefore desirable to improve elevator systems in such a way that it can cope with the requirements for the steadily increasing number of floors of buildings and high-rise buildings and the associated higher loads for users.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Aufzugsystems sowie ein entsprechendes Aufzugsystem mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved by a method for operating an elevator system and a corresponding elevator system with the features of the independent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Aufzugsystem umfasst dabei eine erste und eine zweite Schachteinheit. In der ersten Schachteinheit ist wenigstens ein Single-Kabinensystem bzw. Ein-Kabinensystem und/oder wenigstens ein Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen. In der zweiten Schachteinheit ist wenigstens ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen.An elevator system according to the invention comprises a first and a second shaft unit. At least one single-cabin system or one-cabin system and / or at least one multi-cabin system is provided in the first shaft unit. At least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system is provided in the second shaft unit.
Die erste Schachteinheit kann somit eine Vielzahl von Single- und/oder Mehrkabinensystemen umfassen. Insbesondere ist dabei für jedes Single-Kabinensystem und für jedes Mehrkabinensystem ein eigener Aufzugschacht vorgesehen. Die erste Schachteinheit kann somit eine Vielzahl von Aufzugschächten umfassen. Innerhalb der einzelnen Aufzugschächte der ersten Schachteinheit verkehrt somit eine zweckmäßige Anzahl an Kabinen.The first shaft unit can thus comprise a large number of single and / or multi-cabin systems. In particular, a separate elevator shaft is provided for each single-cabin system and for each multi-cabin system. The first shaft unit can thus comprise a plurality of elevator shafts. An appropriate number of cabs thus travels within the individual elevator shafts of the first shaft unit.
In der zweiten Schachteinheit ist wenigstens ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen. Die zweite Schachteinheit umfasst insbesondere mindestens zwei Aufzugschächte. In diesen mindestens zwei Aufzugschächten verkehrt dabei wenigstens ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem. Ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem umfasst dabei insbesondere wenigstens zwei Kabinen in wenigstens zwei Aufzugschächten. Diese wenigstens zwei Kabinen können dabei zweckmäßig zwischen den wenigstens zwei Aufzugschächten wechseln. Die Kabinen eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems sind dabei nicht an einen Aufzugschacht fest gebunden, wie es bei Single-Kabinensystemen und Mehrkabinensystemen der Fall ist.At least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system is provided in the second shaft unit. The second shaft unit comprises in particular at least two elevator shafts. In these at least two elevator shafts, there is at least one multi-car system changing shafts. A shaft changing multi-car system comprises in particular at least two cars in at least two elevator shafts. These at least two cars can expediently switch between the at least two elevator shafts. The cabins of a multi-car system that changes shafts are not permanently bound to an elevator shaft, as is the case with single-car systems and multi-car systems.
Insbesondere können die Kabinen eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems an einem oberen und/oder an einem unteren Ende der Aufzugschächte zwischen den Aufzugschächten wechseln. Auch ein Wechseln der Kabinen zwischen den Aufzugschächten in anderen zweckmäßigen Stockwerken, beispielsweise im Bereich der Schachtmitte, ist denkbar. Umfasst das schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem mehr als zwei Aufzugschächte, können die einzelnen Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems insbesondere zwischen sämtlichen dieser Aufzugschächte wechseln. Ein derartiger Wechsel von Kabinen zwischen Aufzugschächten kann dabei beispielsweise nur zwischen benachbarten Aufzugschächten durchgeführt werden, oder insbesondere auch flexibel zwischen nicht benachbarten Aufzugschächten.In particular, the cars of a multi-car system changing shafts can switch between the elevator shafts at an upper and / or at a lower end of the elevator shafts. It is also conceivable to change the cars between the elevator shafts on other suitable floors, for example in the area of the center of the shaft. If the shaft-changing multi-car system comprises more than two elevator shafts, the individual cars of the shaft-changing multi-car system can in particular switch between all of these elevator shafts. Such a change of cabins between elevator shafts can, for example, only be carried out between adjacent elevator shafts, or in particular also flexibly between non-adjacent elevator shafts.
Erfindungsgemäß wird für den Fall, dass ein Transportvorgang, also eine Förderung eines Passagiers oder mehrerer Passagiere, von einem Anfangsstockwerk zu einem Zielstockwerk durchgeführt werden soll, entschieden, anhand welcher Kabine bzw. Kabinen der Transportvorgang durchgeführt werden soll. Dabei wird entscheiden, ob der Transportvorgang unter Verwendung von einer oder mehreren Kabinen des wenigstens einen Single-Kabinensystems, von einer oder mehreren Kabinen des wenigstens einen Mehrkabinensystems, von einer oder mehreren Kabinen des wenigstens einen schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems oder von einer Kombination aus diesen durchgeführt wirdAccording to the invention, in the event that a transport process, that is to say a conveyance of one or more passengers, is to be carried out from an initial floor to a destination floor, the decision is made as to which cabin or cabins the transport process is to be carried out. It will be decided whether the transport process is carried out using one or more cabins of the at least one single-cabin system, one or more cabins of the at least one multi-cabin system, one or more cabins of the at least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system or a combination of these
Insbesondere umfasst das erfindungsgemäße Aufzugsystem eine Steuereinheit, welche in der Lage ist, unter Verwendung eines geeigneten Rechenmodells einen optimalen Transportvorgang unter Berücksichtigung jeweiliger Kabinen zu berechnen. Eine derartige Steuereinheit ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einer von zu fördernden Personen betätigbaren Zielsteuereinheit bzw. Zielanwahlsteuerung ausgebildet.In particular, the elevator system according to the invention comprises a control unit, which is able to calculate an optimal transport process, taking into account the respective cabs, using a suitable computing model. Such a control unit is expediently designed with a target control unit or target selection control that can be actuated by persons to be conveyed.
Erfindungsgemäß wird somit bewertet, welche Kabinen der einzelnen Kabinensysteme der Aufzugsanlage für den Transportvorgang genutzt werden. Ein Wechseln der Kabinen zweier Kabinensysteme erfolgt dabei in zweckmäßigen Transferebenen bzw. Transferhaltestellen bzw. Umstiegshaltestellen. Insbesondere dienen diese Transferhaltestellen für Transportvorgänge in höhere Stockwerke. Die Transferhaltestellen bieten zusätzliche Freiheitsgrade für mögliche Kombination bzw. Kombinatorik der einzelnen Kabinen der unterschiedlichen Kabinensysteme für den Transportvorgang. Die Transferhaltestellen bilden somit eine Variable für die erfindungsgemäße Bewertung bzw. Entscheidung, welche Kabine(n) der unterschiedlichen Kabinensysteme für den Transportvorgang genutzt werden.According to the invention, it is thus assessed which cars of the individual car systems of the elevator system are used for the transport process. A Changing the cabins of two cabin systems takes place in appropriate transfer levels or transfer stops or transfer stops. In particular, these transfer stops are used for transport operations to higher floors. The transfer stops offer additional degrees of freedom for possible combination or combinatorics of the individual cabins of the different cabin systems for the transport process. The transfer stops thus form a variable for the evaluation or decision according to the invention as to which cabin (s) of the different cabin systems are used for the transportation process.
Für die Bewertung werden dabei sämtliche der Kabinensysteme der ersten und der zweiten Schachteinheit berücksichtigt. Die Bewertung wird nicht für die unterschiedlichen Kabinensysteme der ersten und zweiten Schachteinheit separat und unabhängig voneinander durchgeführt. Für die Bewertung wird das Aufzugsystem als Ganzes berücksichtigt. Insbesondere wird für die Bewertung somit eine Kombination sämtlicher Kabinensysteme der Aufzugsanlage berücksichtigt.All of the cabin systems of the first and second shaft units are taken into account for the evaluation. The evaluation is not carried out separately and independently of one another for the different cabin systems of the first and second shaft units. The elevator system as a whole is taken into account for the assessment. In particular, a combination of all of the elevator system's cabin systems is thus taken into account for the evaluation.
Das Aufzugsystem wird somit nicht als eine bloße Aneinanderreihung der einzelnen Kabinensysteme betrieben. Die einzelnen Kabinensysteme des Aufzugsystems werden somit nicht unabhängig voneinander betrieben. Erfindungsgemäß werden die einzelnen Kabinensysteme somit bestmöglich miteinander kombiniert. Die einzelnen Kabinensysteme werden somit miteinander vernetzt. Insbesondere werden dabei sämtliche Kabinen der einzelnen Kabinensysteme miteinander vernetzt. Um zu bewerten, welche Kabine bzw. welche Kabinen für den Transportvorgang genutzt werden, werden somit sämtliche Kabinen der einzelnen Kabinensysteme berücksichtigt. Insbesondere ermöglichen die Transferhaltestellen, an welchen Passagiere zwischen Kabinen einzelner Kabinensysteme wechseln können, eine derartige Vernetzung bzw. Kombination der einzelnen Kabinensysteme.The elevator system is therefore not operated as a mere series of individual car systems. The individual car systems of the elevator system are therefore not operated independently of one another. According to the invention, the individual cabin systems are thus combined with one another as best as possible. The individual cabin systems are thus networked with one another. In particular, all the cabins of the individual cabin systems are networked with one another. In order to evaluate which cabin or which cabins are used for the transport process, all cabins of the individual cabin systems are taken into account. In particular, the transfer stops enable passengers to be transferred between cabins individual cabin systems can change, such networking or combination of the individual cabin systems.
Erfindungsgemäß wird somit bewertet, mit welcher Kombination der einzelnen Kabinensysteme bzw. mit welcher Kombination der einzelnen Kabinen der einzelnen Kabinensysteme der Transportvorgang schnellstmöglich bzw. bestmöglich durchgeführt werden kann. Die einzelnen Kabinensysteme können dabei über die Transferhaltestellen miteinander kombiniert werden.According to the invention, the combination of the individual cabin systems or the combination of the individual cabins of the individual cabin systems can be used to carry out the transport process as quickly as possible or as well as possible. The individual cabin systems can be combined with each other via the transfer stops.
Durch die Erfindung werden die Vorteile der einzelnen Kabinensysteme ausgenutzt und deren Nachteile bzw. Schwächen können minimiert bzw. eliminiert werden. Die einzelnen Kabinensysteme separat an sich sind heutzutage kaum mehr in der Lage, die hohen Anforderungen in Gebäuden bzw. Hochhäusern mit einer Vielzahl von Stockwerken zu erfüllen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination bzw. Vernetzung von Single-Kabinensystemen, Mehrkabinensystemen und schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystemen wird dies jedoch ermöglicht.The advantages of the individual cabin systems are exploited by the invention and their disadvantages or weaknesses can be minimized or eliminated. Nowadays, the individual cabin systems as such are hardly able to meet the high requirements in buildings or high-rise buildings with a large number of floors. However, this is made possible by the combination or networking of single-cabin systems, multi-cabin systems and shaft-changing multi-cabin systems according to the invention.
Ein effektiver, wirkungsvoller Einsatz einzelner Kabinensysteme hängt stark von der Kombination bzw. Kombinatorik mit anderen Kabinensystemen ab. Die Erfindung stellt eine effektive Kombination eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems mit Single- und/oder Mehrkabinensystemen bereit. Dabei können auch die Vorteile der einzelnen Kabinensysteme optimiert kombiniert bzw. maximiert werden. Insbesondere besitzt ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem den Vorteil einer hohen Handling Capacity (HC), also einer hohen Transportkapazität. Dieser Vorteil kann jedoch insbesondere nur dann optimal ausgenutzt werden, wenn das schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem möglichst wenig Zwischenstopps einlegen muss. Da es durch die Erfindung ermöglicht wird, Transportvorgänge mit möglichst wenigen Transfers und somit mit möglichst wenigen Zwischenstopps durchzuführen, können diese Vorteile des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems optimal genutzt werden.An effective, effective use of individual cabin systems depends heavily on the combination or combinatorics with other cabin systems. The invention provides an effective combination of a shaft changing multi-cabin system with single and / or multi-cabin systems. The advantages of the individual cabin systems can also be optimally combined or maximized. In particular, a shaft changing multi-cabin system has the advantage of a high handling capacity (HC), i.e. a high transport capacity. However, this advantage can only be optimally exploited if the shaft-changing multi-cabin system has to make as few stops as possible. Since the invention makes it possible to carry out transport processes with as few transfers as possible and thus with as few intermediate stops as possible, these advantages of the multi-cabin system changing shafts can be optimally used.
Die Erfindung eignet sich dabei insbesondere für Aufzugsysteme in Gebäuden mit einer Gebäudehöhe bzw. einer vertikalen Länge von bis zu 1000 m. Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Aufzugsystems kann eine Handling Capacity für den Transport von Passagieren optimiert werden. Des Weiteren kann dabei eine Querschnittsfläche des vertikalen Transportsystems minimiert werden. Flächen- und Raumbedarf des erfindungsgemäßen Aufzugsystems kann dabei möglichst gering gehalten werden, um die Handling Capacity zu optimieren.The invention is particularly suitable for elevator systems in buildings with a building height or a vertical length of up to 1000 m. A handling capacity for the transport of passengers can be optimized by means of the elevator system according to the invention. Furthermore, a cross-sectional area of the vertical transport system can be minimized. The space and space requirements of the elevator system according to the invention can be kept as low as possible in order to optimize the handling capacity.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination bzw. Vernetzung der einzelnen Kabinensysteme und die erfindungsgemäße Bewertung, welche der Kabinen der einzelnen Kabinensysteme für einen Transportvorgang genutzt werden, können die Transportvorgänge optimiert werden. Insbesondere können die Transportvorgänge dabei möglichst schnell und zeitoptimiert durchgeführt werden, mit einer für einen Benutzer minimalen Zeit bis zum Erreichen des Zielstockwerks. Weiterhin ergeben sich dabei geringe Wartezeiten. Insbesondere eine Wartezeit an dem Anfangsstockwerk auf eine Kabine des Aufzugsystems kann dabei kleinstmöglich gehalten werden. Weiterhin wird der Transportvorgang mit einer minimalen Anzahl an Zwischenstopps der einzelnen Kabinen durchgeführt. Insbesondere kann der Transportvorgang mit einem Transfer bzw. einem Umsteigen bzw. einem Wechseln von Kabinen durchgeführt werden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Bewertung werden diese notwendigen Transfers jedoch auf ein Minimum reduziert. Das Aufzugsystem weist somit ein objektiv und/oder subjektiv optimiertes Transportverhalten auf.The transport processes can be optimized by the combination or networking of the individual cabin systems and the evaluation according to the invention as to which of the cabins of the individual cabin systems are used for a transport process. In particular, the transport processes can be carried out as quickly as possible and in a time-optimized manner, with a minimal time for a user to reach the destination floor. There are also short waiting times. In particular, a waiting time on the starting floor for a car in the elevator system can be kept as short as possible. Furthermore, the transport process is carried out with a minimum number of stops in the individual cabins. In particular, the transport process can be carried out with a transfer or a transfer or a change of cabins. However, the necessary transfers are reduced to a minimum by the evaluation according to the invention. The elevator system thus has an objectively and / or subjectively optimized transport behavior.
Die Vernetzung der einzelnen Kabinensysteme bzw. die erfindungsgemäße Bewertung werden insbesondere durch eine zweckmäßige Vernetzungssteuerung, die beispielsweise auf einem zweckmäßigen Steuergerät bzw. einer zweckmäßigen Steuereinheit ausgeführt wird, durchgeführt. Das erfindungsgemäße Aufzugsystem kann jedoch auch ohne diese Vernetzung bzw. Kombination der einzelnen Kabinensysteme betrieben werden, beispielsweise falls diese Vernetzungssteuerung ausfällt. Dabei können die einzelnen Kabinensysteme auch unabhängig voneinander und nicht miteinander vernetzt betrieben werden. Die Bewertung kann dabei die einzelnen Kabinensysteme an sich und nicht deren Kombination bzw. Vernetzung berücksichtigen.The networking of the individual cabin systems and the evaluation according to the invention are carried out, in particular, by a suitable networking control, which is carried out, for example, on a suitable control unit or a suitable control unit. However, the elevator system according to the invention can also be operated without this networking or combination of the individual car systems, for example if they do Networking control fails. The individual cabin systems can also be operated independently of one another and not networked with one another. The evaluation can take into account the individual cabin systems themselves and not their combination or networking.
Während Stoßzeiten kann es insbesondere zu sogenannten up-peaks (große Anzahl von Transportvorgängen in höhere Stockwerke) kommen. Weiterhin kann es in Stoßzeiten zu dem sogenannten Lunch-Verkehr kommen. Dabei kommt es zu einer großen Anzahl an Transportvorgängen in beide Richtungen, also sowohl in niedrigere Stockwerke, als auch in höhere Stockwerke. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination bzw. Vernetzung der Kabinensysteme und die entsprechende Bewertung können diese Stoßzeiten optimal bewältigt werden.During peak times, so-called up-peaks (large number of transport processes to higher floors) can occur. So-called lunch traffic can also occur at peak times. This leads to a large number of transport processes in both directions, i.e. both to lower floors and to higher floors. The combination or networking of the cabin systems according to the invention and the corresponding evaluation allow these peak times to be managed optimally.
Im Zuge der Bewertung wird insbesondere berücksichtigt, dass möglichst wenige Kabinen in einem Transportvorgang involviert sind und dass der Transportvorgang möglichst schnell durchgeführt wird. Dies hat nicht nur Vorteile für einen Benutzer, welcher im Zuge des Transportvorgangs in ein Stockwerk transportiert werden möchte. Auch eine Energiebilanz des Aufzugsystems kann damit optimiert werden. Möglichst wenige Kabinen im Zuge eines Transportvorgangs zu bewegen reduziert die benötigte Energie, um das Aufzugsystem zu betreiben. Energiebedarf und Energieangebot können somit optimal ausbalanciert werden und eine optimale Energiebilanz kann erreicht werden.In the course of the evaluation, particular attention is paid to the fact that as few cabins as possible are involved in a transport process and that the transport process is carried out as quickly as possible. This not only has advantages for a user who wants to be transported to a floor in the course of the transport process. An energy balance of the elevator system can also be optimized. Moving as few cabins as possible in the course of a transport process reduces the energy required to operate the elevator system. Energy requirements and energy supply can thus be optimally balanced and an optimal energy balance can be achieved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufteilung von Aufzugschächten in eine erste und eine zweite Schachteinheit, sowie die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensystemen einerseits und schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystemen andererseits, kann als eine Grundkonfiguration angesehen werden, welche flexibel je nach Höhe eines entsprechenden Gebäudes angepasst werden kann. Entsprechend kann die Grundkonfiguration auch je nach Population des entsprechenden Gebäudes bzw. des Verkehrsflusses, also der (durchschnittlichen) Anzahl an Transportvorgängen, angepasst werden.The division of elevator shafts according to the invention into a first and a second shaft unit, as well as the use of single or multi-cabin systems on the one hand and shaft-changing multi-cabin systems on the other hand, can be regarded as a basic configuration which can be flexibly adapted depending on the height of a corresponding building. Accordingly, the basic configuration can also depend on the population of the corresponding building or traffic flow, i.e. the (average) number of transport processes.
Gemäß herkömmlichen Aufzugsystemen werden oftmals Doppeldecker-Kabinensystems mit jeweils zwei fest miteinander verbunden Kabinen genutzt. Diese weisen jedoch erhebliche Nachteile auf. Im Gegensatz dazu ergeben sich durch die Nutzung von Kabinen eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems erhebliche Vorteile. Während Kabinen eines Doppeldecker-Kabinensystems eine vergleichsweise große Masse aufweisen und nicht flexibel und unabhängig voneinander bewegt werden können, können die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems einzeln, individuell und unabhängig voneinander bewegt werden. Durch die Möglichkeit, flexibel zwischen Aufzugschächten zu wechseln, ergibt sich für die Bewertung ein weiterer Freiheitsgrad.According to conventional elevator systems, double-decker cabin systems with two cabins that are permanently connected to each other are often used. However, these have considerable disadvantages. In contrast, the use of cabins in a multi-cabin system that changes shafts has considerable advantages. While cabins of a double-decker cabin system have a comparatively large mass and cannot be moved flexibly and independently of one another, the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system can be moved individually, individually and independently of one another. The ability to switch flexibly between elevator shafts results in a further degree of freedom for the evaluation.
Auch durch die Nutzung von Single- und Mehrkabinensystemen ergeben sich erhebliche Vorteile gegenüber Doppeldecker-Kabinensystemen. Insbesondere Mehrkabinensysteme weisen gegenüber Doppeldecker-Kabinensystemen dabei den Vorteil auf, dass sie mehrere Kabinen betreiben, die flexibel in unterschiedliche Richtungen bewegt werden können.The use of single and multi-cabin systems also offers considerable advantages over double-decker cabin systems. Multi-cabin systems, in particular, have the advantage over double-decker cabin systems that they operate several cabins that can be flexibly moved in different directions.
Darüber hinaus benötigen Doppeldecker-Kabinensysteme zumeist Doppeleinstiegsebenen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination der Kabinensysteme werden keine derartigen Doppeleinstiegsebenen benötigt. Derartige Doppeleinstiegsebenen benötigen zumeist auch Fahrtreppen bzw. Rolltreppen für eine obere der Doppeleinstiegsebenen, wodurch weiterer Aufwand entsteht. Dennoch ist die Nutzung von Doppeleinstiegsebenen auch für die Erfindung möglich.In addition, double-decker cabin systems mostly require double entry levels. Due to the combination of the cabin systems according to the invention, no such double entry levels are required. Such double entry levels usually also require escalators or escalators for an upper one of the double entry levels, which creates additional effort. Nevertheless, the use of double entry levels is also possible for the invention.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die erste und die zweite Schachteinheit jeweils in vertikale Intervalle eingeteilt. Diese einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle umfassen bzw. erstrecken sich dabei jeweils über eine bestimmte bzw. zweckmäßige Anzahl an Stockwerken.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first and the second shaft unit are each divided into vertical intervals. This single vertical Intervals encompass or extend over a certain or appropriate number of floors.
Insbesondere sind die beiden Schachteinheiten analog in dieselben vertikalen Intervalle unterteilt. Insbesondere kann dabei die vertikale Länge eines Gebäudes, in welchem das erfindungsgemäße Aufzugsystem installiert ist, in jeweils gleiche, äquidistante vertikale Intervalle unterteilt sein. Weiter insbesondere können die einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle auch jeweils eine unterschiedliche, zweckmäßige Anzahl an Stockwerken umfassen.In particular, the two shaft units are divided analogously into the same vertical intervals. In particular, the vertical length of a building in which the elevator system according to the invention is installed can be divided into equal, equidistant vertical intervals. In particular, the individual vertical intervals can also each comprise a different, expedient number of floors.
In einzelnen dieser vertikalen Intervalle der ersten Schachteinheit kann dabei jeweils eines oder mehrere der Single-Kabinensysteme vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere ist dabei für jedes Single-Kabinensystem ein Aufzugschacht in dem jeweiligen vertikalen Intervall vorgesehen. In einem derartigen Single-Kabinensystem ist eine Kabine in diesem Aufzugschacht des vertikalen Intervalls verfahrbar.One or more of the single cabin systems can be provided in each of these vertical intervals of the first shaft unit. In particular, an elevator shaft is provided in the respective vertical interval for each single-cabin system. In such a single-car system, a car can be moved in this elevator shaft of the vertical interval.
Weiterhin kann auch in mehreren der vertikalen Intervalle ein gemeinsames Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen sein. Diese vertikalen Intervalle sind dabei insbesondere vertikal benachbarte Intervalle. Insbesondere erstreckt sich dabei ein Aufzugschacht über diese entsprechenden vertikalen Intervalle. Die Kabinen dieses Mehrkabinensystems sind dabei in diesem Aufzugschacht über die entsprechenden vertikalen Intervalle unabhängig verfahrbar. Insbesondere wird dabei jeweils eine Kabine dieses Mehrkabinensystems innerhalb eines dieser vertikalen Intervalle verfahren. Insbesondere verkehrt somit in jeder dieser vertikalen Intervalle jeweils eine Kabine dieses Mehrkabinensystems.Furthermore, a common multi-cabin system can also be provided in several of the vertical intervals. These vertical intervals are in particular vertically adjacent intervals. In particular, an elevator shaft extends over these corresponding vertical intervals. The cabins of this multi-cabin system can be moved independently in this elevator shaft over the corresponding vertical intervals. In particular, one cabin of this multi-cabin system is moved within one of these vertical intervals. In particular, one cabin of this multi-cabin system thus runs in each of these vertical intervals.
Es ist auch denkbar, dass ein Mehrkabinensystem in einem vertikalen Intervall vorgesehen ist bzw. dass in einzelnen der vertikalen Intervalle der ersten Schachteinheit jeweils ein Mehrkabinensystem verkehrt. Diese entsprechenden vertikalen Intervalle umfassen insbesondere jeweils einen Aufzugschacht, in dem mehrere Kabinen des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems unabhängig verfahrbar sind.It is also conceivable for a multi-cabin system to be provided in a vertical interval or for a multi-cabin system to run in individual of the vertical intervals of the first shaft unit. These corresponding vertical intervals in particular each include an elevator shaft in which a plurality of cars of the respective multi-car system can be moved independently.
In jedem vertikalen Intervall der ersten Schachteinheit ist somit jeweils wenigstens ein Single-Kabinensystem und/oder wenigstens ein Teil eines Mehrkabinensystems vorgesehen. In einem vertikalen Intervall können auch mehrere Kabinensysteme vorgesehen sein. Beispielsweise kann ein erstes vertikales Intervall einen ersten Aufzugschacht umfassen, in dem ein Single-Kabinensystem vorhanden ist. Weiterhin kann dieses erste vertikale Intervall einen zweiten Aufzugschacht umfassen, der nicht auf dieses erste vertikale Intervall beschränkt ist und sich auch über ein darüber liegendes zweites vertikales Intervall erstreckt. In diesem zweiten Aufzugschacht und somit in dem ersten und zweiten vertikalen Intervall kann beispielsweise ein Mehrkabinensystem vorhanden sein.At least one single-cabin system and / or at least part of a multi-cabin system is thus provided in each vertical interval of the first shaft unit. Several cabin systems can also be provided in a vertical interval. For example, a first vertical interval can comprise a first elevator shaft in which a single-car system is present. Furthermore, this first vertical interval can comprise a second elevator shaft, which is not limited to this first vertical interval and also extends over a second vertical interval lying above it. A multi-car system, for example, can be present in this second elevator shaft and thus in the first and second vertical intervals.
Die erste Schachteinheit kann somit eine Vielzahl von Single- und/oder Mehrkabinensystemen umfassen. Weiterhin kann die erste Schachteinheit somit eine Vielzahl von Aufzugschächten umfassen. Einzelne Aufzugschächte können sich dabei nur innerhalb eines vertikalen Intervalls erstrecken oder auch über mehrere vertikal benachbarte vertikale Intervalle. Innerhalb der einzelnen Aufzugschächte der ersten Schachteinheit verkehrt somit eine zweckmäßige Anzahl an Kabinen. Jede dieser Kabinen verkehrt dabei nur innerhalb der bestimmten vertikalen Intervalle bzw. zwischen den Stockwerken dieser bestimmten vertikalen Intervalle, in denen das entsprechende Single-Kabinensystem bzw. Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen ist.The first shaft unit can thus comprise a large number of single and / or multi-cabin systems. Furthermore, the first shaft unit can thus comprise a plurality of elevator shafts. Individual elevator shafts can only extend within a vertical interval or over several vertically adjacent vertical intervals. An appropriate number of cabs thus travels within the individual elevator shafts of the first shaft unit. Each of these cabins only runs within the specific vertical intervals or between the floors of these specific vertical intervals in which the corresponding single-cabin system or multi-cabin system is provided.
Die Aufzugschächte der einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle der ersten Schachteinheit erstrecken sich dabei insbesondere nicht über die komplette vertikale Länge des Gebäudes, sondern nur über die vertikale Länge des jeweiligen Intervalls bzw. der jeweiligen Intervalle. Die einzelnen Aufzugschächte der vertikalen Intervalle sind dabei insbesondere durch materielle physische Barrieren voneinander getrennt bzw. abgegrenzt. Jeder Aufzugschacht der vertikalen Intervalle verfügt insbesondere über einen eigenen Maschinenraum für das jeweilige Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensystem. Weiter insbesondere sind auch maschinenraumlose Ausführungen der Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensysteme denkbar.The elevator shafts of the individual vertical intervals of the first shaft unit do not in particular extend over the entire vertical length of the building, but only over the vertical length of the respective interval or the respective intervals. The individual elevator shafts of the vertical intervals are separated from one another in particular by physical physical barriers or delimited. Each elevator shaft of the vertical intervals has its own machine room for the respective single or multi-cabin system. In particular, machine room-less designs of the single or multi-cabin systems are also conceivable.
Alternativ können jedoch auch Aufzugschächte von benachbarten, konsekutiven übereinander gelegenen vertikalen Intervallen durch keine materielle physische Barriere getrennt sein und miteinander verbunden sein. Beispielsweise kann sich auch ein Schacht übe die komplette vertikale Länge des Gebäudes erstrecken. Einzelne (konsekutive) Stockwerke werden dabei zweckmäßig in die einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle eingeteilt bzw. zu diesen zusammengefasst. Dieser Aufzugschacht ist somit in eine zweckmäßige Anzahl an vertikalen Intervallen und somit in eine zweckmäßige Anzahl kleinerer Aufzugschächte eingeteilt.As an alternative, however, elevator shafts can also be separated from adjacent, consecutive vertical intervals lying one above the other by no physical physical barrier and connected to one another. For example, a shaft can extend over the entire vertical length of the building. Individual (consecutive) floors are expediently divided into the individual vertical intervals or combined to form these. This elevator shaft is thus divided into an appropriate number of vertical intervals and thus an appropriate number of smaller elevator shafts.
Einer Kabine in einem der Aufzugschächte der ersten Schachteinheit ist dabei insbesondere nicht möglich, sich über die komplette vertikale Länge des Gebäudes zu bewegen. Eine jede Kabine kann sich insbesondere nur innerhalb der entsprechenden vertikalen Intervalle bewegen, in welchen das jeweilige Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensystem vorgesehen ist.In particular, a car in one of the elevator shafts of the first shaft unit is not able to move over the entire vertical length of the building. Each cabin can in particular only move within the corresponding vertical intervals in which the respective single or multi-cabin system is provided.
Das bzw. die schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensysteme in der zweiten Schachteinheit erstrecken sich insbesondere über mehrere der vertikalen Intervalle, insbesondere über sämtliche vertikalen Intervalle. Dies bedeutet insbesondere, dass Kabinen eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems sämtliche Stockwerke anfahren können.The shaft-changing multi-cabin systems in the second shaft unit extend in particular over several of the vertical intervals, in particular over all vertical intervals. This means in particular that cabins of a multi-cabin system changing shafts can move to all floors.
Insbesondere können die Kabinen eines schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems an einem oberen und/oder an einem unteren Ende der Aufzugschächte zwischen den Aufzugschächten wechseln. Ein Wechseln der Kabinen zwischen den Aufzugschächten erfolgt insbesondere in wenigstens einem der vertikalen Intervalle, weiter insbesondere zwischen zwei übereinander angeordneten vertikalen Intervallen. Unter zwei übereinander angeordneten vertikalen Intervallen sind dabei zwei in vertikaler Richtung benachbarte vertikale Intervalle zu verstehen.In particular, the cars of a multi-car system changing shafts can switch between the elevator shafts at an upper and / or at a lower end of the elevator shafts. The cars are changed between the elevator shafts in particular in at least one of the vertical intervals, furthermore in particular between two above one another arranged vertical intervals. Two vertical intervals arranged one above the other are to be understood as two vertical intervals that are adjacent in the vertical direction.
Ein Wechseln der Kabinen zweier Kabinensysteme erfolgt in den Transferhaltestellen. Insbesondere sind Transferhaltestellen Stockwerke, an welchen übereinander benachbarte vertikale Intervalle aneinander grenzen. Insbesondere dienen diese Transferhaltestellen für Transportvorgänge in höhere Stockwerke. Transferhaltestellen, an welchen zwei übereinander angeordnete vertikale Intervalle grenzen, bilden somit insbesondere Einstiegsmöglichkeiten für das Kabinensystem des jeweiligen oberen dieser beiden vertikalen Intervalle.The cabins of two cabin systems are changed at the transfer stops. In particular, transfer stops are floors at which vertical intervals adjacent to one another adjoin one another. In particular, these transfer stops are used for transport operations to higher floors. Transfer stops at which two vertical intervals arranged one above the other form, in particular, entry options for the cabin system of the respective upper of these two vertical intervals.
Vorteilhafterweise können die Kabinen des wenigstens einen schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems über die komplette vertikale Länge der zweiten Schachteinheit verkehren. Insbesondere sind die Kabinen des wenigstens einen schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems über die komplette vertikale Länge der jeweiligen Aufzugschächte der zweiten Schachteinheit verfahrbar. Insbesondere können sich die Aufzugschächte der zweiten Schachteinheit dabei über die komplette vertikale Länge des Gebäudes erstrecken. Wie erläutert verkehren die Kabinen der Single-Kabinensysteme und der Mehrkabinensysteme insbesondere nur innerhalb bestimmter vertikaler Intervalle der ersten Schachteinheit. Bei mehreren schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystemen kann sich auch jedes schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem nur über einen (insbesondere unterschiedlichen, individuellen) Teil der vertikalen Länge des Gebäudes bzw. des Aufzugschachts und somit über bestimmte vertikale Intervalle erstrecken.Advantageously, the cabins of the at least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system can run over the entire vertical length of the second shaft unit. In particular, the cars of the at least one multi-car system changing shafts can be moved over the entire vertical length of the respective elevator shafts of the second shaft unit. In particular, the elevator shafts of the second shaft unit can extend over the entire vertical length of the building. As explained, the cabins of the single-cabin systems and the multi-cabin systems only operate within certain vertical intervals of the first shaft unit. In the case of a plurality of shaft-changing multi-cabin systems, each shaft-changing multi-cabin system can also only extend over a (in particular different, individual) part of the vertical length of the building or the elevator shaft and thus over certain vertical intervals.
Vorzugsweise bilden wenigstens zwei übereinander angeordnete (also zwei in vertikaler Richtung benachbarte) vertikale Intervalle ein Mehrkabinensystem. Ein gemeinsamer Aufzugschacht erstreckt sich dabei über diese beiden vertikalen Intervalle. Insbesondere ist dieses Mehrkabinensystem ein Zweikabinensystem, in dem zwei Kabinen unabhängig voneinander verfahren werden. In einem oberen dieser beiden vertikalen Intervalle wird dabei eine obere Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems verfahren, in einem unteren dieser beiden vertikalen Intervalle wird eine untere Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems verfahren.Preferably, at least two vertical intervals arranged one above the other (ie two adjacent in the vertical direction) form a multi-cabin system. A common elevator shaft extends over these two vertical intervals. In particular, this multi-cabin system is a two-cabin system in which two cabins are moved independently of one another. In an upper one an upper cabin of the multi-cabin system is moved in these two vertical intervals, a lower cabin of the multi-cabin system is moved in a lower of these two vertical intervals.
Das Stockwerk, an welches diese beiden vertikalen Intervalle angrenzen, dient dabei insbesondere als Transferhaltestelle bzw. Einstiegsebene für die obere Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems. Das unterste Stockwerk des unteren vertikalen Intervalls dient insbesondere als Transferhaltestelle bzw. Einstiegsebene für die untere Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems.The floor to which these two vertical intervals adjoin serves in particular as a transfer stop or entry level for the upper cabin of the multi-cabin system. The bottom floor of the lower vertical interval serves in particular as a transfer stop or entry level for the lower cabin of the multi-cabin system.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können sich die vertikalen Intervalle der Aufzugschächte überlappen. Darunter ist zu verstehen, dass bestimmte Stockwerke zu zwei unterschiedlichen vertikalen Intervallen gerechnet werden. Überlappen sich zwei vertikale Intervalle, können somit die Kabinen der jeweiligen beiden Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensysteme dieser zwei überlappenden vertikalen Intervalle in dem Aufzugschacht diese überlappenden Stockwerke anfahren. Die bestimmten Stockwerke, in welchen sich zwei vertikale Intervalle überlappen, können somit sowohl von der Kabine des Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensystems des einen überlappenden vertikalen Intervalls, als auch von der Kabine des Single- bzw. Mehrkabinensystems des anderen überlappenden vertikalen Intervalls angefahren werden. Die Kabinen der Single-Kabinensysteme bzw. der Mehrkabinensysteme verkehren dennoch nur innerhalb der jeweiligen vertikalen Intervalle. Durch die Überlappung von vertikalen Intervallen kann jedoch ermöglicht werden, dass bestimmte Stockwerke trotzdem von mehreren Kabinen angefahren werden können. Die überlappenden Stockwerke bilden somit überlappende Transferhaltestellen, an welchen Passagiere sowohl in das Kabinensystem des oberen vertikalen Intervalls, als auch in das Kabinensystem des unteren vertikalen Intervalls einsteigen können. Insbesondere bieten sich derartige überlappende Transferhaltestellen für zwei Single-Kabinensysteme an. Vorteilhafterweise werden die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems der zweiten Schachteinheit im Zuge eines ersten Teiltransportvorgangs des Transportvorgangs als Zubringerkabinen verwendet. Der Transportvorgang kann somit in mehrere Teiltransportvorgänge unterteilt werden, insbesondere in zwei Teiltransportvorgänge. Im Zuge dieses ersten Teiltransportvorgangs wird somit eine vergleichsweise große vertikale Distanz bzw. Höhe bzw. Anzahl an Stockwerken zurückgelegt. Die Zubringer dienen somit dazu, eine Langstrecke zurückzulegen. Die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems werden somit als Langstreckenkabinen verwendet. Somit kann gewährleistet werden, dass die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems möglichst wenig Zwischenstopps einlegen müssen. Insbesondere werden die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems im Zuge des ersten Teiltransportvorgangs als Zubringerkabinen in Transferhaltestellen verwendet. Die Zubringerkabinen werden somit insbesondere zwischen den Transferhaltestellen verfahren. Mittels der Zubringerkabine werden Passagiere somit in Transferhaltestellen transportiert, an welchen die Passagiere in ein weiteres Kabinensystem umsteigen können. Bevorzugt verkehren diese Zubringerkabinen im Zuge des ersten Teiltransportvorgangs des Transportvorgangs zwischen einzelnen vertikalen Intervallen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vertical intervals of the elevator shafts can overlap. This means that certain floors are calculated at two different vertical intervals. If two vertical intervals overlap, the cabins of the respective two single or multi-cabin systems of these two overlapping vertical intervals in the elevator shaft can move to these overlapping floors. The particular floors in which two vertical intervals overlap can thus be approached both by the cabin of the single or multi-cabin system of the one overlapping vertical interval and by the cabin of the single or multi-cabin system of the other overlapping vertical interval. However, the cabins of the single-cabin systems or the multi-cabin systems only operate within the respective vertical intervals. However, the overlapping of vertical intervals can make it possible that certain floors can still be approached by several cabins. The overlapping floors thus form overlapping transfer stops at which passengers can enter both the cabin system of the upper vertical interval and the cabin system of the lower vertical interval. Such overlapping transfer stops are particularly suitable for two single-cabin systems. The cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system of the second shaft unit are advantageously used as feeder cabins in the course of a first partial transportation process of the transportation process. The transport process can thus be divided into several partial transport processes, in particular into two partial transport processes. In the course of this first partial transport process, a comparatively large vertical distance or height or number of floors is covered. The feeders thus serve to cover a long distance. The cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are thus used as long-haul cabins. This ensures that the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system have to make as few stops as possible. In particular, the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system are used as feeder cabins in transfer stops in the course of the first partial transportation process. The feeder cabins are thus moved in particular between the transfer stops. By means of the feeder cabin, passengers are thus transported to transfer stops at which the passengers can change to another cabin system. These feeder cabins preferably run between individual vertical intervals in the course of the first partial transport operation of the transport operation.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die Kabinen der Single-Kabinensysteme und Mehrkabinensysteme der ersten Schachteinheit im Zuge eines zweiten Teiltransportvorgangs des Transportvorgangs als Kurzstreckenkabinen verwendet. Dabei verkehren diese Kurzstreckenkabinen im Zuge des zweiten Teiltransportvorgangs des Transportvorgangs bevorzugt zwischen Stockwerken innerhalb der jeweiligen vertikalen Intervalle des entsprechenden Single-Kabinensystems bzw. Mehrkabinensystems. Im Zuge dieses zweiten Teiltransportvorgangs wird somit eine vergleichsweise kleine vertikale Distanz bzw. Höhe bzw. Anzahl an Stockwerken zurückgelegt. Die Kabinen der Single-Kabinensystems bzw. Mehrkabinensystems der ersten Schachteinheit innerhalb der einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle sind somit insbesondere als lokale Aufzugsgruppen ausgebildet.The cabins of the single-cabin systems and multi-cabin systems of the first shaft unit are advantageously used as short-distance cabins in the course of a second partial transportation process of the transportation process. In the course of the second partial transport process of the transport process, these short-haul cabins preferably travel between floors within the respective vertical intervals of the corresponding single-cabin system or multi-cabin system. In the course of this second partial transport process, a comparatively small vertical distance or height or number of floors is covered. The cabins of the single-cabin system or multi-cabin system of the first shaft unit within of the individual vertical intervals are thus designed in particular as local elevator groups.
Mittels dieser Kombination von Zubringerkabinen und Kurzstreckenkabinen kann der Transportvorgang optimiert werden. Das schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem als Zubringerkabinen (insbesondere in eine Transferhaltestelle) für den ersten Teiltransportvorgang und die Single- und Mehrkabinensystem als Kurzstreckenkabinen für den zweiten Teiltransportvorgang zu verwenden, ist somit eine besonders bevorzugte Kombination bzw. Vernetzung der einzelnen Kabinensysteme. Im Zuge des ersten Teiltransportvorgangs werden Passagiere mittels der Zubringerkabinen somit insbesondere in Transferhaltestellen transportiert, an welchen die Passagiere in eine der Kurzstreckenkabinen umsteigen. Diese Verwendung der einzelnen Kabinen als Zubringerkabinen und Kurzstreckenkabinen bzw. eine entsprechende Anzahl an zulässigen Stockwerken, zwischen welchen sich die einzelnen Zubringerkabinen und Kurzstreckenkabinen verkehren, wird dabei insbesondere in der erfindungsgemäßen Bewertung berücksichtigt.The transport process can be optimized using this combination of feeder cabins and short-haul cabins. To use the shaft-changing multi-cabin system as feeder cabins (in particular in a transfer stop) for the first partial transport process and the single and multi-cabin system as short-haul cabins for the second partial transport process is a particularly preferred combination or networking of the individual cabin systems. In the course of the first partial transport operation, passengers are transported using the feeder cabins, in particular in transfer stops, at which the passengers change to one of the short-haul cabins. This use of the individual cabins as feeder cabins and short-haul cabins or a corresponding number of permissible floors between which the individual feeder cabins and short-haul cabins move is taken into account in particular in the evaluation according to the invention.
Beispielsweise, wenn ein Transportvorgang von dem Erdgeschoss bzw. von einem untersten Stockwerk in ein höher gelegenes Zielstockwerk durchgeführt werden soll, kann zunächst mittels einer Zubringerkabine dieser erste Teiltransportvorgang zu dem vertikalen Intervall durchgeführt werden, in welchem das Zielstockwerk liegt. In der entsprechenden Transferhaltestelle kann von der Zubringerkabine in eine Kurzstreckenkabine umgestiegen werden. Mittels dieser Kurzstreckenkabine kann anschließend der zweite Teiltransportvorgang innerhalb dieses vertikalen Intervalls zu dem entsprechenden Zielstockwerk durchgeführt werden.For example, if a transport operation is to be carried out from the ground floor or from a bottom storey to a higher destination floor, this first partial transport operation can first be carried out by means of a feeder cabin at the vertical interval in which the destination floor is located. In the corresponding transfer stop, you can change from the feeder cabin to a short-haul cabin. Using this short-distance cabin, the second partial transport operation can then be carried out within this vertical interval to the corresponding destination floor.
Bevorzugt werden Stockwerke, an welchen vertikale Intervalle aneinander grenzen, als Transferhaltestellen bzw. Umsteigemöglichkeiten zwischen Kabinen eines der Single-Kabinensystem, der Mehrkabinensysteme und/oder der schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensysteme verwendet. Im Zuge des Transportvorgangs kann somit in diesen entsprechenden Stockwerken zwischen Single-Kabinensystem, Mehrkabinensystem und/oder schachtwechselndem Mehrkabinensystem gewechselt werden. Insbesondere, wenn die beiden Schachteinheiten analog in dieselben vertikalen Intervalle unterteilt sind, bilden diese Stockwerke, welche an zwei vertikale Intervalle angrenzen, flexible Transferhaltestellen zwischen den unterschiedlichen angrenzenden Kabinensystemen.Floors at which vertical intervals adjoin one another are preferred as transfer stops or transfer options between cabins of one of the single-cabin systems, the multiple-cabin systems and / or the shaft-changing multi-cabin systems used. In the course of the transport process, it is thus possible to switch between single-cabin system, multiple-cabin system and / or shaft-changing multiple-cabin system on these corresponding floors. In particular, if the two shaft units are divided analogously into the same vertical intervals, these floors, which adjoin two vertical intervals, form flexible transfer stops between the different adjacent cabin systems.
Diese Transferhaltestellen sind somit Transfermöglichkeiten für den Transportvorgang. Insbesondere findet in diesen Transferhaltestellen ein Wechsel von Kabinen zwischen einzelnen Teiltransportvorgängen statt. Die Transferhaltestellen sind dabei insbesondere Zubringerhaltestellen. Weiter insbesondere findet in diesen Transferhaltestellen ein Wechsel von einer Zubringerkabine des ersten Teiltransports in eine Kurzstreckenkabine des zweiten Teiltransports statt.These transfer stops are therefore transfer options for the transport process. In particular, a change of cabins between individual partial transport processes takes place in these transfer stops. The transfer stops are in particular feeder stops. In particular, a change from a feeder cabin of the first partial transport to a short-distance cabin of the second partial transport takes place in these transfer stops.
Als Transferhaltestellen können jedoch auch Stockwerke innerhalb einzelner vertikaler Intervalle gewählt werden. Insbesondere können die Transferhaltestellen flexibel gewählt werden, auch während des regulären Betriebs des Aufzugsystems. Die Transferhaltestellen sind somit nicht fest und verbindlich vorgegeben, sondern können flexibel gewählt werden, angepasst an den aktuellen Verkehrsfluss bzw. die aktuelle Anzahl an Transportvorgängen. Insbesondere kann im Zuge der erfindungsgemäßen Bewertung gewählt werden, welche Stockwerke als Transferhaltestellen genutzt werden.However, floors within individual vertical intervals can also be selected as transfer stops. In particular, the transfer stops can be chosen flexibly, even during the regular operation of the elevator system. The transfer stops are therefore not fixed and binding, but can be chosen flexibly, adapted to the current traffic flow or the current number of transport processes. In particular, in the course of the assessment according to the invention, it is possible to choose which floors are used as transfer stops.
Wenn in dem zweiten Schachtsystem wenigstens zwei schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensysteme betrieben werden und dabei Kabinen von wenigstens zwei schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystemen als Zubringerkabinen genutzt werden, können die einzelnen Transferhaltestellen unter diesen sämtlichen Zubringerkabinen aufgeteilt werden. Somit werden unnötige Stopps einzelner Kabinen vermieden.If at least two shaft-changing multi-cabin systems are operated in the second shaft system and cabins of at least two shaft-changing multi-cabin systems are used as feeder cabins, the individual transfer stops can all of them Feeder cabins can be divided. This avoids unnecessary stops in individual cabins.
Vorzugsweise sind die Transferhaltestellen jeweils in vertikalen Abständen von 20 m bis 100 m vorgesehen. Die Transferhaltestellen können dabei insbesondere derart in (insbesondere äquidistanten) vertikalen Abständen angeordnet werden, welche optimal sind, um in Stoßzeiten den up-peak (große Anzahl von Transportvorgängen in höhere Stockwerke) zu bewältigen. Insbesondere werden die Transferhaltestellen derart in vertikalen Abständen vorgesehen, dass ein optimaler Dispatch-Algorithmus im Zuge der erfindungsgemäßen Bewertung durchgeführt werden kann.The transfer stops are preferably provided at vertical distances of 20 m to 100 m. The transfer stops can be arranged in such a way (in particular equidistant) vertical distances that are optimal in order to cope with the up-peak (large number of transport processes to higher floors) during peak times. In particular, the transfer stops are provided at vertical intervals such that an optimal dispatch algorithm can be carried out in the course of the evaluation according to the invention.
Bevorzugt werden die Schachteinheiten in zwei bis fünf vertikale Intervalle pro 100 m Gebäudehöhe eingeteilt Insbesondere werden dabei beide Schachteinheiten in dieseleben vertikalen Intervalle eingeteilt. Durch diese Einteilung in zwei bis fünf vertikale Intervalle pro 100 m Gebäudehöhe kann im Zuge der erfindungsgemäßen Bewertung insbesondere ein optimaler Dispatch Algorithmus durchgeführt werden. Somit wird ein behinderungsminimierter Verkehr der sich bewegenden Kabinen in den Schachteinheiten gewährleistet.The shaft units are preferably divided into two to five vertical intervals per 100 m building height. In particular, both shaft units are divided into the same vertical intervals. Through this division into two to five vertical intervals per 100 m building height, an optimal dispatch algorithm can be carried out in the course of the evaluation according to the invention. This ensures that traffic in the moving units in the shaft units is minimized.
Vorzugsweise wird das Aufzugsystem ohne eine Zielauswahlsteuerung (DSC) bzw. ohne eine Rufabgabe betrieben. Insbesondere falls die Kabinen des Mehrkabinensystems (ausschließlich) als Zubringerkabinen verwendet werden, kann eine Zielauswahlsteuerung eingespart werden. Dabei können die einzelnen vertikalen Intervalle insbesondere mit einer richtungsempfindlichen Sammelsteuerung realisiert werden. Durch die Vernetzung der einzelnen Kabinensysteme wird somit insbesondere gewährleistet, dass in den Umsteigemöglichkeiten immer sofort eine Kabine bereitgestellt wird. Alternativ ist es dennoch möglich eine Zielauswahlsteuerung bzw. eine Rufabgabe in das Aufzugsystem zu implementieren.The elevator system is preferably operated without a destination selection control (DSC) or without making a call. In particular if the cabins of the multi-cabin system are (exclusively) used as feeder cabins, destination selection control can be saved. The individual vertical intervals can be realized in particular with a direction-sensitive collective control. The networking of the individual cabin systems thus ensures, in particular, that a cabin is always immediately provided in the transfer options. Alternatively, it is still possible to implement a destination selection control or a call delivery in the elevator system.
Insbesondere wird das schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem ohne eine Rufsteuerung betrieben. Die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems werden dabei insbesondere permanent zwischen den Transferhaltestellen verfahren, unabhängig von einer Rufsteuerung. Passagiere können in diesem Fall in eine beliebige der Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems einsteigen, welche an dem Anfangsstockwerk zur Verfügung steht, um ihren Transportvorgang zu beginnen. Der Passagier steigt dann selbstständig an der entsprechenden Transferhaltestelle aus und wechselt in eine der Kurzstreckenkabinen, um zu dem Zielstockwerk zu gelangen. Alternativ ist es dennoch möglich, das schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem mit einer Rufsteuerung zu betrieben.In particular, the multi-cabin system changing shafts is operated without call control. The cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are in particular moved permanently between the transfer stops, regardless of call control. In this case, passengers can get into any of the cabins of the multi-cabin system, which is available on the starting floor, to begin their transport process. The passenger then disembarks independently at the corresponding transfer stop and changes to one of the short-haul cabins to get to the destination floor. Alternatively, it is still possible to operate the multi-cabin system with a call control.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden die Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems bzw. die Kabinen eines jeden schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems jeweils synchronisiert. Dabei werden insbesondere Starts bzw. Abfahrten und Ankünfte der einzelnen Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems synchronisiert, also aufeinander abgestimmt. Insbesondere werden die Abfahrten und Ankünfte an den einzelnen Transferhaltestellen synchronisiert. Somit werden Staus vermieden und es kann eine optimalen Anzahl an Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems betrieben werden. Insbesondere können durch die Synchronisation Fahrkurven der einzelnen Kabinen individuell angepasst werden. Somit werden lange Standzeiten und gesonderte Stopps durch Warten auf andere Kabinen vermieden bzw. reduziert.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system or the cabins of each shaft-changing multi-cabin system are each synchronized. In particular, starts or departures and arrivals of the individual cabins of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system are synchronized, that is to say coordinated with one another. In particular, the departures and arrivals at the individual transfer stops are synchronized. This avoids traffic jams and an optimal number of cabins in the multi-cabin system can be operated. In particular, the driving curves of the individual cabins can be individually adapted through the synchronization. Long waiting times and separate stops by waiting for other cabins are thus avoided or reduced.
Im Zuge der Synchronisation können dabei insbesondere gegenläufig fahrende Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems berücksichtigt und aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Insbesondere können dabei die Fahrten gegenläufig fahrender Kabinen aufeinander abgestimmt werden, so dass sich die gegenläufige bewegenden Kabinen im Wesentlichen gleichzeitig in Bewegung setzen. Eine erste sich abwärts bewegende Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems kann dabei als ein "virtuelles" Gegengewicht einer zweiten sich aufwärts bewegenden Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems angesehen werden. Somit kann ein Energiemanagement des Aufzugsystems weiter optimiert werden. Durch die Abwärtsbewegung der ersten Kabine kann Energie gewonnen werden, welche (instantan) für die Aufwärtsbewegung der zweiten Kabine genutzt wird. Somit kann insbesondere ein Anschlusswert des Aufzugsystems optimiert werden.In the course of the synchronization, in particular oppositely moving cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts can be taken into account and coordinated with one another. In particular, the journeys of oppositely moving cabins can be coordinated with one another, so that the oppositely moving cabins set in motion essentially simultaneously. A first downward moving cabin of the shaft changing Multi-cabin system can be seen as a "virtual" counterweight of a second upward-moving cabin of the multi-cabin system that changes shafts. Energy management of the elevator system can thus be further optimized. The downward movement of the first car can be used to generate energy which is used (instantaneously) for the upward movement of the second car. In particular, a connected load of the elevator system can thus be optimized.
Bevorzugt werden mittels einer Anzeigevorrichtung den Transportvorgang betreffende Informationen ausgegeben. Derartige Informationen können insbesondere Abfahrtszeiten bzw. Ankunftszeiten von Kabinen beinhalten, welche für den Transportvorgang genutzt werden. Insbesondere können die Informationen Verzögerungszeiten enthalten, um welche sich beispielsweise die Abfahrt einer Kabine verzögert. Derartige Verzögerungszeiten können beispielsweise auftreten, wenn Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems synchronisiert werden. Dabei kann es beispielsweise der Fall sein, dass in eine der Kabinen noch Passagiere einsteigen, während eine andere Kabine, welche als virtuelles Gegengewicht dient, bereit zum Abfahren ist. Eine derartige Anzeigevorrichtung stellt insbesondere ein Informationssystem zu Ankunft und Abfahrt dar.Information relating to the transport process is preferably output by means of a display device. Such information can in particular include departure times or arrival times of cabins which are used for the transport process. In particular, the information can include delay times by which, for example, the departure of a cabin is delayed. Such delay times can occur, for example, when cabins of the multi-cabin system changing shafts are synchronized. It can be the case, for example, that passengers are still boarding one of the cabins, while another cabin, which serves as a virtual counterweight, is ready for departure. Such a display device represents in particular an information system for arrival and departure.
Derartige Anzeigevorrichtungen können beispielsweise visuell und/oder akustisch ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere ist eine derartige Anzeigevorrichtung als ein Monitor ausgebildet, welcher in den einzelnen Kabinen und/oder außerhalb der Kabinen angeordnet ist. Beispielsweise kann eine derartige Anzeigevorrichtung auch an den einzelnen Transferhaltestellen angeordnet sein.Such display devices can be designed, for example, visually and / or acoustically. In particular, such a display device is designed as a monitor, which is arranged in the individual cabins and / or outside the cabins. For example, such a display device can also be arranged at the individual transfer stops.
Vorteilhafterweise wird der Transportvorgang insbesondere außerhalb von definierbaren Stoßzeiten mittels einer Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems im Zuge einer Direktfahrt durchgeführt. Im Zuge einer Direktfahrt führt ausschließlich die entsprechende Kabine den Transportvorgang vom Anfangsstockwerk zum Zielstockwerk durch. Somit müssen insbesondere außerhalb der Stoßzeiten, wenn kein großer Verkehrsfluss herrscht, nicht unnötigerweise mehrere Kabinen (insbesondere eine Zubringerkabine und eine Kurzstreckenkabine) betrieben werden. Die zum Betreiben der Aufzuganlange benötigte Energie kann außerhalb der Stoßzeiten somit z.B. reduziert werden.Advantageously, the transport process is carried out in particular outside of defined peak times by means of a cabin of the shaft-changing multi-cabin system in the course of a direct journey. In the course of a direct journey, only the corresponding cabin leads the transport process from the first floor to the destination floor. Thus, especially outside the peak times when there is no large flow of traffic, it is not necessary to operate several cabins unnecessarily (in particular a feeder cabin and a short-haul cabin). The energy required to operate the elevator system can thus be reduced outside of peak hours, for example.
Bevorzugt kann die Anzahl der Kabinen des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems verändert werden. Insbesondere kann die Anzahl in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der Transportvorgänge bzw. in Abhängigkeit von dem tatsächlichen oder erwarteten Verkehrsfluss verändert bzw. angepasst werden. Dabei können einzelne Kabinen (zeitweise) aus dem schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystem entfernt werden. Diese entfernten Kabinen können insbesondere in einer Garage oder in einem Lagerraum gelagert werden. Insbesondere kann im Zuge der erfindungsgemäßen Bewertung bewertet werden, ob und wie viele Kabinen aus dem schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystem entfernt werden sollen. Diese Bewertung kann dabei insbesondere intelligent, selbstlernend und vorrausschauend durchgeführt werden.The number of cabins in the shaft-changing multi-cabin system can preferably be changed. In particular, the number can be changed or adapted depending on the number of transport processes or depending on the actual or expected traffic flow. Individual cabins can (temporarily) be removed from the multi-cabin system that changes shafts. These removed cabins can in particular be stored in a garage or in a storage room. In particular, in the course of the evaluation according to the invention, it can be assessed whether and how many cabins are to be removed from the multi-cabin system changing shafts. This evaluation can be carried out in a particularly intelligent, self-learning and forward-looking manner.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird unter Berücksichtigung vorwählbarer Kriterien und/oder vorgebbarer und/oder aktuell oder in einem vorgebbaren Zeitfenster erfasster Parameter entschieden, anhand welcher Kabine bzw. Kabinen der Transportvorgang durchgeführt werden soll. Insbesondere ist die Steuereinheit des Aufzugsystems in der Lage, auf der Grundlage eingegebener vorwählbarer Kriterien und/oder vorgebbarer und/oder erfasster Parameter unter Verwendung eines geeigneten Rechenmodells einen optimalen Transportvorgang unter Berücksichtigung jeweiliger Kabinen zu berechnen. Eine derartige Steuereinheit ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einer von zu fördernden Personen betätigbaren Zielsteuereinheit bzw. Zielanwahlsteuerung ausgebildet.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, taking into account preselectable criteria and / or predeterminable and / or parameters currently or in a predefinable time window, a decision is made as to which cabin or cabins the transport operation is to be carried out. In particular, the control unit of the elevator system is able to calculate an optimal transport process, taking into account the respective cabins, on the basis of entered preselectable criteria and / or specifiable and / or recorded parameters using a suitable computing model. Such a control unit is expediently designed with a target control unit or target selection control that can be actuated by persons to be conveyed.
Bevorzugt wird unter Berücksichtigung folgender Kriterien bzw. Parameter entschieden, mit welcher Kabine bzw. mit welchen Kabinen der Transportvorgang durchgeführt wird: das Zielstockwerk eines Passagiers, die Zielstockwerke mehrerer Passagiere, eine aktuelle Verkehrsdichte, ein Energiebedarf und/oder eine Verfügbarkeit einzelner Kabinen. Anhand dieser Kriterien bzw. Parameter können insbesondere unterschiedliche Verkehrsrouten bzw. Möglichkeiten, den Transportvorgang durchzuführen, berechnet werden. Diese unterschiedlichen Verkehrsrouten können sowohl Direktfahrten berücksichtigen als auch Kombinationen von Kabinen der unterschiedlichen Kabinensysteme. Anhand der genannten Kriterien bzw. Parameter wird die bestmögliche bzw. günstigste dieser Verkehrsrouten ausgewählt.It is preferably decided, taking into account the following criteria or parameters, which cabin or cabins the transport process is carried out with: the destination floor of a passenger, the destination floors of several passengers, a current traffic density, an energy requirement and / or the availability of individual cabins. On the basis of these criteria or parameters, in particular, different traffic routes or options for carrying out the transport process can be calculated. These different traffic routes can take into account direct travel as well as combinations of cabins of the different cabin systems. The best possible or cheapest of these traffic routes is selected on the basis of the criteria or parameters mentioned.
Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung.Further advantages and refinements of the invention result from the description and the accompanying drawing.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the combination indicated in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben.The invention is shown schematically in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment and is described in detail below with reference to the drawing.
- Figur 1Figure 1
- zeigt schematisch eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aufzugsystems, das dazu eingerichtet ist, eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens durchzuführen.schematically shows a preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention, which is set up to carry out a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention.
In
Die Schachteinheiten sind in fünf vertikale Intervalle I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 unterteilt. Eine bestimmte Anzahl an Stockwerken ist dabei jeweils zu einem der vertikalen Intervalle zusammengefasst. Alle fünf vertikalen Intervalle I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 besitzen in diesem Beispiel dieselbe vertikale Höhe. Alle fünf vertikalen Intervalle I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 umfassen in diesem Beispiel weiterhin dieselbe Anzahl an Stockwerken. Die vertikalen Intervalle können jeweils auch eine unterschiedliche zweckmäßige Anzahl an Stockwerken bzw. an vertikaler Höhe aufweisen.The shaft units are divided into five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5. A certain number of floors is combined into one of the vertical intervals. In this example, all five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 have the same vertical height. In this example, all five vertical intervals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 continue to comprise the same number of floors. The vertical intervals can also each have a different appropriate number of floors or vertical height.
Das Gebäude, in welchem das Aufzugsystem 100 installiert ist, soll eine rein beispielhafte Gebäudehöhe von 100 m aufweisen. Jedes vertikale Intervall erstreckt sich in diesem Beispiel daher über 20 m Gebäudehöhe. Das Gebäude umfasst beispielhaft 25 Stockwerke. Jedes vertikale Intervall erstreckt sich somit über 5 Stockwerke. Stockwerke, an welchen jeweils zwei vertikale Intervalle aneinander grenzen, sind als Transferhaltestellen bzw. Umsteigemöglichkeiten H1, H2, H3, H4 vorgesehen. Eine Einstiegstelle H0 ist dabei insbesondere in einem Erdgeschoss angeordnet.The building in which the
Die zweite Schachteinheit 120 weist hier beispielhaft vier Aufzugschächte121, 122, 123, 124 auf. In diesen vier Aufzugschächten 121, 122, 123, 124 der zweiten Schachteinheit 120 ist ein schachtwechselndes Mehrkabinensystem implementiert. Dieses schachtwechselnde Mehrkabinensystem umfasst insbesondere 20 Kabinen, welche flexibel zwischen den vier Schächten 121, 122, 123, 124 der zweiten Schachteinheit 120 wechseln können.The
Die erste Schachteinheit 110 weist innerhalb des ersten Intervalls I1 vier Aufzugschächte lila, 112a, 113a und 114a auf. Innerhalb des zweiten und dritten Intervalls I2 und I3 weist die erste Schachteinheit 110 weitere vier Aufzugschächte 111b, 112b, 113b und 114b auf. Innerhalb des vierten und fünften Intervalls I4 und I5 weist die erste Schachteinheit 110 weitere vier Aufzugschächte 111c, 112c, 113c und 114c auf. Diese Aufzugschächte der unterschiedlichen vertikalen Intervalle sind insbesondere über vertikale physische Barrieren (z.B. Betondecken) voneinander getrennt und besitzen jeweils insbesondere einen eigenen Maschineneraum.The
In den vier Schächten 111a, 112a, 113a, 114a der ersten Schachteinheit 110 verkehrt innerhalb des vertikalen Intervalls I1 jeweils eine Kabine eines Single-Kabinensystems. Somit verkehren insgesamt fünf Kabinen zwischen der Einstiegstelle H0 und der Umsteigemöglichkeit H1. Diese Kabinen sind aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht im Einzelnen dargestellt.In each of the four
In den vier Schächten 111b, 112b, 113b, 114b der vertikalen Intervalle I2 und I3 der ersten Schachteinheit 110 verkehren jeweils zwei unabhängig voneinander verfahrbare Kabinen eines jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems. Diese Mehrkabinensysteme sind dabei jeweils als Zweikabinensysteme ausgestaltet. Innerhalb der vier Schächte 111b, 112b, 113b, 114b des zweiten vertikalen Intervalls I2 verkehrt dabei jeweils eine untere Kabine des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems. Innerhalb der vier Schächte 111b, 112b, 113b, 114b des dritten vertikalen Intervalls I3 verkehrt dabei jeweils eine obere Kabine des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems.The four
Die Transferhaltestelle H1 dient dabei insbesondere als Einstiegsmöglichkeit für diese unteren Kabinen des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems. Die Transferhaltestelle H2 dient insbesondere als Einstiegsmöglichkeit für diese oberen Kabinen des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems.The transfer stop H1 serves in particular as an entry point for these lower cabins of the respective multi-cabin system. The transfer stop H2 serves in particular as an entry point for these upper cabins of the respective multi-cabin system.
Auf analoge Weise verkehren in den vier Schächten 111c, 112c, 113c, 114c der vertikalen Intervalle I4 bzw. I5 der ersten Schachteinheit 110 jeweils eine untere bzw. eine obere Kabinen eines jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems.Similarly, in the four
Die Transferhaltestelle H3 bzw. H4 dient analog insbesondere als Einstiegsmöglichkeit für die untere bzw. obere Kabine des jeweiligen Mehrkabinensystems.The transfer stop H3 or H4 serves analogously in particular as an entry point for the lower or upper cabin of the respective multi-cabin system.
Soll ein Transportvorgang durchgeführt werden, wird bewertet, welche der einzelnen Kabinen des Single-Kabinensystems, der Mehrkabinensysteme und des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems für diesen Transportvorgang genutzt werden.If a transport process is to be carried out, an evaluation is made as to which of the individual cabins of the single-cabin system, the multiple-cabin systems and the shaft-changing multiple-cabin system are used for this transport process.
Im Folgenden wird ein Beispiel beschrieben, in dem vier Transportvorgänge vom Erdgeschoss H0 in vier unterschiedliche Zielstockwerke durchgeführt werden sollen. Ein erster Transportvorgang soll in das vierte Stockwerk S4 durchgeführt werden. Ein zweiter Transportvorgang soll in das 10. Stockwerk S10 durchgeführt werden, welches die zweite Transferhaltestelle H2 darstellt. Ein dritter Transportvorgang soll in das 17. Stockwerk S17 durchgeführt werden. Ein vierter Transportvorgang soll in das 22. Stockwerk S22 durchgeführt werden.An example is described below in which four transport operations from the ground floor H0 to four different target floors are to be carried out. A first transport operation is to be carried out on the fourth floor S4. A second transport operation is to be carried out to the 10th floor S10, which is the second transfer stop H2. A third transport operation is to be carried out to the 17th floor S17. A fourth transport operation is to be carried out to the 22nd floor S22.
Unter Berücksichtigung dieser vier unterschiedlichen Zielstockwerke, der Verfügbarkeit einzelner Kabinen, der aktuellen Verkehrsdichte sowie dem benötigten Energiebedarf wird entschieden, welche Kabinen für die einzelnen Transportvorgänge genutzt werden.Taking into account these four different destination floors, the availability of individual cabins, the current traffic density and the required energy, it is decided which cabins are used for the individual transport processes.
Dabei wird der erste Transportvorgang in das vierte Stockwerk S4 mittels der Kabine des Single-Kabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht lila der ersten Schachteinheit 110 als Direktfahrt durchgeführt.The first transport operation to the fourth floor S4 is carried out as a direct run by means of the cabin of the single-cabin system in the purple elevator shaft of the
Der zweite Transportvorgang in das 10. Stockwerk S10 wird mittels einer Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht 121 der zweiten Schachteinheit 120 als Direktfahrt durchgeführt.The second transport operation to the 10th floor S10 is carried out by means of a cabin of the multi-cabin system changing shafts in the
Der dritte Transportvorgang in das 17. Stockwerk S17 wird in zwei Teiltransportvorgängen durchgeführt. Dabei wird zunächst ein erster Teiltransportvorgangs von dem Erdgeschoss in die Transferhaltestelle H3 durchgeführt. Dieser erste Teiltransportvorgang wird mittels einer Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht 123 der zweiten Schachteinheit 120 als Zubringerfahrt durchgeführt. Anschließend wird ein zweiter Teiltransportvorgang von der Transferhaltestelle H3in das Stockwerk S17 durchgeführt. Dieser zweite Teiltransportvorgang wird mit der unteren Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht 114c des vertikalen Intervalls I4 durchgeführt.The third transport operation to the 17th floor S17 is carried out in two partial transport operations. First, a first partial transport operation is carried out from the ground floor to the transfer stop H3. This first partial transport operation is carried out by means of a cabin of the multi-cabin system changing shafts in the
Der vierte Transportvorgang in das 22. Stockwerk S22 wird ebenfalls in zwei Teiltransportvorgängen durchgeführt. Dabei wird zunächst ein erster Teiltransportvorgang von dem Erdgeschoss in die Transferhaltestelle H4 durchgeführt. Dieser erste Teiltransportvorgang wird mittels der Kabine des schachtwechselnden Mehrkabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht 121 der zweiten Schachteinheit 120 als Zubringerfahrt durchgeführt. Diese Kabine mussdabei in der Transferhaltestelle H2 einen Zwischenstopp einlegen, um den zweiten Transportvorgangs durchzuführen. Anschließend fährt die Kabine weiter in die Transferhaltestelle H4. Anschließend wird ein zweiter Teiltransportvorgang von der Transferhaltestelle H4in das Stockwerk S22 durchgeführt. Dieser zweite Teiltransportvorgang wird mit der oberen Kabine des Mehrkabinensystems in dem Aufzugschacht 113c des vertikalen Intervalls I5 durchgeführt.The fourth transport operation to the 22nd floor S22 is also carried out in two partial transport operations. First, a first partial transport operation from the ground floor to the transfer stop H4 is carried out. This first partial transport process is carried out by means of the car of the multi-car system changing shafts in the
- 100100
- AufzugsystemElevator system
- 110110
- erste Schachteinheitfirst shaft unit
- 111a, b, c111a, b, c
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 112a, b, c112a, b, c
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 113a, b, c113a, b, c
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 114a, b, c114a, b, c
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 120120
- zweite Schachteinheitsecond shaft unit
- 121121
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 122122
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 123123
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- 124124
- AufzugschachtElevator shaft
- I1I1
- vertikales Intervallvertical interval
- I2I2
- vertikales Intervallvertical interval
- I3I3
- vertikales Intervallvertical interval
- I4I4
- vertikales Intervallvertical interval
- I5I5
- vertikales Intervallvertical interval
- H0H0
- EinstiegsstelleEntry point
- H1H1
- TransferhaltestelleTransfer stop
- H2H2
- TransferhaltestelleTransfer stop
- H3H3
- TransferhaltestelleTransfer stop
- H4H4
- TransferhaltestelleTransfer stop
- S4S4
- viertes Stockwerk, Zielstockwerkfourth floor, target floor
- S10S10
- 10. Stockwerk, Zielstockwerk10th floor, target floor
- S17S17
- 17. Stockwerk, Zielstockwerk17th floor, target floor
- S22S22
- 22. Stockwerk, Zielstockwerk22nd floor, target floor
Claims (15)
- Method for operating a lift system (100) having a first shaft unit (110) and a second shaft unit (120) which each include a number of lift shafts (111a, 111b, 111c, 112a, 112b, 112c, 113a, 113b, 113c, 114a, 114b, 114c; 121, 122, 123, 124),- wherein at least one single-car or one-car system and/or at least one multi-car system is/are provided in the first shaft unit (110),- wherein at least one shaft-changing multi-car system is provided in the second shaft unit (120), which system comprises at least two cars in one shaft which can be moved independently of one another, and- wherein, when a transporting operation is to be carried out from an initial storey to a destination storey, a decision is made by a control unit of the lift system (100) as to whether the transporting operation is carried out by using one or several cars of the at least one single-car system, one or several cars of the at least one multi-car system, one or several cars of the at least one shaft-changing multi-car system or a combination of the same.
- Method according to Claim 1, wherein- the first and the second shaft unit (110, 120) are each divided into vertical intervals (I1, 12, 13, 14, 15), wherein the individual vertical intervals (I1, 12, 13, 14, 15) each include a number of storeys,- wherein one or several of the single-car systems are provided in individual vertical intervals of the vertical intervals (I1) of the first shaft unit (110) and/or wherein one or several of the multi-car systems are provided in several of the vertical intervals (12, 13; 14, 15).
- Method according to Claim 2, wherein a multi-car system is provided in at least two vertical intervals of the first shaft unit (110) which are arranged one above the other, wherein an upper car of said multi-car system is moved in an upper vertical interval of said two vertical intervals which are arranged one above the other and wherein a lower car of said multi-car system is moved in a lower vertical interval of said two vertical intervals which are arranged one above the other.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cars of the shaft-changing multi-car system of the second shaft unit (120) are used as feeder cars in the course of a first part-transporting operation of the transporting operation.
- Method according to Claim 4, wherein said feeder cars are moved between individual vertical intervals in the course of the first part-transporting operation of the transportation operation.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cars of the single-car systems and multi-car systems of the first shaft unit (110) are used as short distance cars in the course of a second part-transporting operation of the transporting operation.
- Method according to Claim 6, wherein said short distance cars are moved between storeys inside the respective vertical intervals of the corresponding single-car system or multi-car system in the course of the second part-transporting operation of the transporting operation.
- Method according to one of Claims 2 to 7, wherein storeys, at which vertical intervals (I1, 12, 13, 14, 15) adjoin one another, are used as transfer stops between cars of one of the single-car systems, the multi-car systems and/or the shaft-changing multi-car systems.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lift system is operated with or without destination selection control, wherein in particular the shaft-changing multi-car system is operated with or without call control.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein information relating to the transporting operation is output by means of a display device.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein outside definable times, in particular peak times, the transporting operation is carried out in the course of a direct journey by means of a car of the shaft-changing multi-car system.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the number of cars of the shaft-changing multi-car system can be modified, in particular in dependence on the number of anticipated or actual transporting operations.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in consideration of pre-selectable criteria and/or predefinable and/or detected parameters, the decision is made as to whether the transporting operation is carried out by using one or several cars of the at least one single-car system, one or several cars of the at least one multi-car system, one or several cars of the at least one shaft-changing multi-car system or a combination of the same.
- Method according to Claim 13, wherein a decision as to with which car or with which cars the transporting operation is carried out is made in consideration of the following criteria or parameters: the destination storey of a passenger, the destination storeys of multiple passengers, a current traffic density, an energy demand and/or an availability of individual cars.
- Lift system (100) having a first shaft unit (110) and a second shaft unit (120) which each include a number of lift shafts (111a, 111b, 111c, 112a, 112b, 112c, 113a, 113b, 113c, 114a, 114b, 114c; 121, 122, 123, 124),- wherein at least one single-car system and/or at least one multi-car system is/are provided in the first shaft unit (110),- wherein at least one shaft-changing multi-car system is provided in the second shaft unit (120), which system comprises at least two cars in one shaft which can be moved independently of one another,characterized in that,
the lift system (100) is set up for the purpose of being operated by means of a method according to one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102014201804.8A DE102014201804A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2014-01-31 | Method for operating an elevator system |
PCT/EP2015/000167 WO2015113764A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Method for operating a lift system |
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EP3099616A1 EP3099616A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
EP3099616B1 true EP3099616B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
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EP15704956.0A Active EP3099616B1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Method for operating a lift system |
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US (1) | US10106372B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3099616B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6663352B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102154891B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105939949B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016017526B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2936819C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014201804A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015113764A1 (en) |
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JP2017504542A (en) | 2017-02-09 |
KR102154891B1 (en) | 2020-09-11 |
WO2015113764A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
BR112016017526B1 (en) | 2022-03-15 |
BR112016017526A2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
CA2936819C (en) | 2019-03-26 |
CA2936819A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
CN105939949A (en) | 2016-09-14 |
CN105939949B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
US10106372B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
KR20160114702A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
DE102014201804A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
EP3099616A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
JP6663352B2 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
US20170001829A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
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