EP3085843A1 - Device and method for heat decoupling of concreted parts of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

In a thermal insulation element which at least partially consists of a pressure-transmitting material and has an upper and a lower support surface for vertical connection to the building parts to be made of concrete, it is provided that the heat-insulating element has at least one passage opening extending from the upper to the lower support surface , which is designed for performing a compacting device for fresh concrete.

Description

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation element for heat decoupling between building concrete parts to be created from concrete, preferably between a vertical part of the building, in particular a Sagittarius, and an overlying or underlying horizontal building part, in particular a floor slab or a floor slab.

In building construction, load-bearing parts of buildings are often made of reinforced concrete structures. For energy reasons, such building parts are usually provided with an externally mounted thermal insulation. In particular, the floor slab between basement, such as basement or underground car park, and ground floor is often equipped on the basement side with a heat insulation applied to the ceiling. This results in the difficulty that the load-bearing parts of the building, on which the building rests, such as columns and outer walls, in load-bearing manner with the overlying building parts, in particular the floor ceiling must be connected. This is usually achieved by connecting the floor slab monolithically to the supporting pillars and outer walls with continuous reinforcement. However, this creates thermal bridges, which can be eliminated only badly by a later externally mounted thermal insulation. In underground garages, for example, often the upper, facing the floor ceiling section of the load-bearing concrete columns are also covered with a thermal insulation. This is not only complex and visually unappealing, but also leads to unsatisfactory building physics results and also reduces the parking space available in the underground car park.

From the Scriptures DE 101 06 222 is a brick-shaped wall element for heat decoupling between wall parts and floor or ceiling parts described. The thermal insulation element has a pressure-resistant support structure with arranged in the interstices insulating elements. The support structure may for example consist of a lightweight concrete. Such a thermal insulation element is used for thermal insulation masonry exterior walls, for example, as it is used as a conventional brick as the first stone layer of the supporting outer wall above the basement ceiling.

From the Scriptures EP 2 405 065 is a pressure-transmitting and insulating connection element known, which is used for the vertical load-bearing connection of building sections to be created from concrete. It consists of an insulating body with one or more printing elements embedded therein. By the pressure elements transverse shear reinforcement elements extending for connection to the building concrete parts to be created extend substantially vertically beyond the top and bottom of the insulating body. The insulating body can be made of foam glass or expanded polystyrene rigid foam and the pressure elements made of concrete, fiber concrete or fiber plastic, for example.

When installing such a prefabricated connection element, the reinforcing elements must be potted when concreting the adjacent building parts. For this purpose, the connection element must be installed in a closed formwork for the underlying building part and it must be concreted from below against the existing, inaccessible and invisible underside of the connection element. In particular, in columns and exterior walls, which are supporting structural parts, a poor execution when creating the building parts, especially at the junction with the connection element later lead to serious structural problems on the building. In addition, a control and monitoring of the execution is hardly possible. In particular, a visual inspection before and during concreting because of the installation situation in the formwork is not given. On the finished part of a building examination is also hardly possible because the connection surface between the building part and connection element is not accessible.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a thermal insulation element, which allows reliable installation on a vertical load-bearing connection point between two building parts to be created from concrete.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the appended claims. In addition, the invention relates to a method for installing a corresponding heat-insulating element.

In a thermal insulation element according to the invention, which consists at least partially of a pressure-transmitting material and has an upper and a lower support surface for vertical connection to the building parts to be made of concrete, the object is achieved in that the thermal insulation element at least one from the top to the bottom Supporting surface extending through opening, which is designed for performing a compacting device. The passage opening thus serves as a dipping point for an internal vibrator. Preferably, the passage opening in the thermal insulation element is arranged approximately centrally.

The present invention is based on the finding that during installation and subsequent concreting against the underside of the thermal insulation element an inadequate and undefined compaction of the in-situ concrete below the thermal insulation element can occur, which also depends strongly on the composition of the used concrete in situ. According to the invention, two processes can lead to the underside of the thermal insulation element when setting the in-situ concrete that the load-bearing connection of the thermal insulation element to the underlying building part is deficient. On the one hand rising air bubbles, so-called compression pores, on the underside of the heat-insulating element lead to voids formation and thus provide a statically insufficient connection. An even more critical process is sedimentation in as-cast-in-situ concrete, in which heavier aggregates slowly sink and water or cement paste is separated on the concrete surface. After setting and drying of the concrete part can in this case large voids remain between the thermal insulation element and the underlying concrete part, which are not visible from the outside.

To avoid this, a passage opening is provided in the thermal insulation element according to the invention, through which a compacting device such as the vibrating bottle of a concrete vibrator can be passed after the installation of the thermal insulation element to compact or recompress the underlying concrete located underneath. By this compression or densification of the described problems can be avoided and a reliable connection of the thermal insulation element to the underlying building part can be achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, the thermal insulation element is at least partially made of a pressure-transmitting and heat-insulating material. Preferably, this material may be a lightweight concrete. Made of lightweight concrete can be manufactured under factory conditions high pressure resistant mold elements with low specific thermal conductivity. Depending on the static requirement, such a lightweight concrete molded part can comprise, in addition to the passage opening according to the invention, further hollow chambers or enclosed insulating elements.

According to the applicable regulations, lightweight concrete is defined as a concrete with a dry bulk density of a maximum of 2000 kg / m ³ . The low density compared to normal concrete is achieved by appropriate manufacturing process and different lightweight concrete grains such as grains with grain porosity such as expanded clay. Lightweight concrete has, depending on the composition, a thermal conductivity between 0.2 and 1.6 W / (m · K).

Another advantage is that with the same strength class, the modulus of elasticity of lightweight concrete is only about 30 to 70% of the value of normal concrete. Therefore, the elastic deformations at the same stress (stress) on average 1.5 to 3 times as large. For this reason, a thermal insulation element made of lightweight concrete acts simultaneously as a stress-damping element and is able to compensate for smaller settlements and elastic deformations of the overlying building part and a more even distribution and force of eccentric bearing forces on or in the underlying building part, in particular a support, sure.

The significantly lower modulus of elasticity of the lightweight concrete used has a particularly favorable effect on load eccentricities and bearing misalignments, which result in increased edge pressure. The thermal insulation element acts as a kind of "centering element" due to its elastic properties. in the In contrast, compression under centric loading is of secondary importance.

The typical modulus of elasticity of normal concrete, as used for a column, is about E _cm ≈30,000 to 40,000 N / mm ² . The modulus of elasticity of the lightweight concrete preferred in the invention is on the other hand between about 9,000 and 22,000 N / mm ² , preferably 12,000 and 16,000 N / mm ² , most preferably about 14,000 N / mm ² .

Alternatively, the thermal insulation element may also consist of a heat-insulating but not pressure-transmitting insulating body, for example made of extruded polystyrene with one or more pressure bodies embedded therein. Such pressure body can be made of high-strength concrete, with a reduction in the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation element is achieved in this case by a correspondingly small footprint of the printing elements. Also in this case, it is essential that during installation of the thermal insulation element a re-compaction of the concreted under building part takes place by a corresponding shaking tool is introduced through the provided in the thermal insulation element passage opening in the underlying in-situ concrete of the adjacent freshly concreted building part.

Compared to a solid or manufactured in hollow block construction thermal insulation element made of lightweight concrete, the latter variant due to the much smaller surface area, however, has the disadvantage that even minor vulnerabilities in the connection to the underlying building part due to cavitation or sedimentation have significantly stronger impact on the static stability of the construction. In the worst case, it can lead to a local overload and thus a failure of individual pressure elements of the thermal insulation element. This risk is much lower due to the much larger contact surface with a thermal insulation element of a pressure-transmitting material such as lightweight concrete.

Another advantage of the present invention results when the lower bearing surface of the heat-insulating element has a surface with a three-dimensional profile. By suitable profiling of the surface, defects in the connection between the thermal insulation element and the underlying further reduce the newly concreted part of the building. Thus, for example, the surface may have elevations and depressions, as well as inclined surfaces, furrows, or the like, so that in the event of sedimentation, the settling surface water can run into noncritical regions or settle there, while in areas of the thermal insulation element that are critical for the static connection intimate connection to the fresh concrete of the underlying building part is created.

Particularly preferred in this context is an embodiment in which the lower bearing surface has a funnel-shaped inclined or curved surface in the direction of the passage opening. This ensures that in the event of sedimentation, the settling surface water is displaced in the direction of the passage opening or forms only in this area, which does not contribute to the static of the construction anyway.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one or more rod-shaped reinforcing elements are also provided, which penetrate the heat-insulating element and extend substantially vertically beyond the upper and lower bearing surfaces. With such reinforcing elements, the thermal insulation element can be connected to the adjacent building parts and optionally connected to the reinforcement. Thus, a monolithic connection of the building parts is achieved, even if considered due to static requirements, the compound only as a concrete joint and the reinforcing elements thus fulfill a more constructive function without major importance for building statics.

Preferably, the reinforcing elements can be formed as reinforcing bars, which serve primarily for the transmission of tensile forces. Often reinforcing elements, which must traverse a thermal insulation, made of structural-physical reasons of stainless steel or stainless steel. In the context of the present invention, for reasons of better thermal insulation, the reinforcing elements can preferably be made of a fiber composite material, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic.

Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous if a reinforcing bracket is arranged in the interior of the pressure-transmitting material in the thermal insulation element. Such a reinforcing bar in the form of a self-contained reinforcing ring with, for example, circular or rounded polygonal base, which is arranged in a plane substantially parallel to the support surfaces, can further increase the compressive strength of the heat-insulating element by minimizing the transverse strain of the heat-insulating element under pressure.

A further advantageous aspect of the present invention results if at least one seal surrounding the vertical boundary surfaces of the heat-insulating element is provided, which ensures a tight installation of the heat-insulating element into a formwork for the underlying building part. On the one hand is prevented by such a seal that when inserting the thermal insulation element or concreting the underlying building part fresh concrete penetrate between formwork and thermal insulation element and can rise. On the other hand, such a seal prevents the ingress of air between the formwork and the thermal insulation element, after the compacting the vibrating tool is pulled out of the passage opening of the heat-insulating element and the heat-insulating element falls to the volume previously displaced by the vibrating tool within the formwork of the underlying building part.

In addition to the passage opening for the vibrating tool further Vergussöffnungen can be provided in the thermal insulation element, on the required case after hardening of the concrete additional potting compound, such as grout can be filled to fill any remaining voids between the underlying building part and the thermal insulation element. Preferably, the respective potting holes are closed by means of removable blind plugs, so that they can not be clogged with in situ concrete during installation of the thermal insulation element.

Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, it is preferred that a sealing plug is provided, with which the passage opening can be subsequently closed. In this case, it is further preferred that the sealing plug consists of a heat-insulating, but non-bearing material, such as extruded polystyrene. In addition, such a closure plug may be conically shaped, so that it can be sealingly inserted into the, preferably also conically downwardly tapered passage opening. Thus, it is ensured that after installation of the thermal insulation element no thermal bridge remains through the through hole, for example, due to entering the through hole in-situ concrete when concreting the overlying floor slab.

In addition, one or more indicators can be provided in the thermal insulation element, which indicate sufficient contact of the lower contact surface with the fresh concrete of the building part to be created below. Such indicators may be designed, for example, in the manner of a float. Thus, if the indicators are visible on the upper bearing surface of the thermal insulation element with sufficient contact is ensured that there is sufficient contact with the underlying concrete surface.

In order to make it possible to carry out a vibrating tool, for example the vibrator bottle of a concrete vibrator, the through-opening has an opening dimension which is large enough to allow the execution of shaking bottles customary in the field, in particular of at least 50 mm, preferably between 60 and 80 mm.

The invention further relates to a method for installing such a thermal insulation element between two bearing concrete parts to be created from concrete, preferably between a vertical part of the building, in particular a support, and an overlying horizontal or horizontal building part, in particular a floor slab or a floor slab. Here, a formwork for the lower part of the building is first created and concreted the lower part of the building by in-situ concrete is poured into the formwork and compacted. Then, in a second step, the thermal insulation element is inserted into the formwork for the lower part of the building. Here, if necessary, the downwardly projecting beyond the thermal insulation element reinforcing elements are pressed into the fresh in-situ concrete of the lower part of the building. According to the invention, in a subsequent step, the concrete is recompressed by means of a compacting device, which is guided through the passage opening in the thermal insulation element. Preferably, the Passage opening are then closed by means of a sealing plug. Thereafter, above the thermal insulation element in a conventional manner, the upper part of the building, for example a floor ceiling can be created.

By re-densifying the still fresh in-situ concrete of the lower part of the building after insertion of the thermal insulation element ensures that there is intimate contact with its lower contact surface and cavities are avoided due to cavitation and sedimentation between the thermal insulation element and the underlying building part.

In an alternative installation method, the thermal insulation element can also be installed before filling the formwork with in-situ concrete. In this case, the passage opening can initially be used as a filling opening for the in-situ concrete. Subsequently, a compression of the filled concrete is carried out by the vibrating tool is introduced into the fresh in-situ concrete through the passage opening.

Fig. 1

eine isometrische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmelements aus einem druckkraftübertragenden Werkstoff, insbesondere Leichtbeton

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das Wärmedämmelement aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen vertikalen Schnitt durch das Wärmedämmelement entlang der Schnittlinie C-C aus Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine Weiterbildung des Wärmedämmelements aus Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 5

einen Querschnitt einer Stütze eines Gebäudes, die mit einem Wärmedämmelement ausgestattet ist,

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt durch die Stütze aus Figur 5 und der darüber und darunter befindlichen Gebäudeteile entlang der Schnittlinie B-B,

Fig. 7

die Armierung der Stütze aus Figur 6 mit dem Wärmedämmelement vor dem Betonieren der Stütze,

Fig. 8

die mit einer Schalung versehene Stütze nach dem Verfüllen mit Beton,

Fig. 9

ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt aus Figur 8,

Fig. 10

ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel mit im Fußbereich einer Stütze angeordnetem Wärmedämmelement und.

Fig. 11

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Wärmedämmelements aus einem nichttragenden Dämmmaterial mit eingesetzten Einzeldruckkörpern.

Further features, advantages and features of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the figures and embodiments. Showing:

Fig. 1

an isometric view of a thermal insulation element according to the invention of a pressure-transmitting material, in particular lightweight concrete

Fig. 2

a plan view of the thermal insulation element Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a vertical section through the thermal insulation element along the section line CC Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

a development of the thermal insulation element Fig. 1 in a side view,

Fig. 5

a cross section of a support of a building, which is equipped with a thermal insulation element,

Fig. 6

a cut through the support FIG. 5 and the building parts above and below it along the section line BB,

Fig. 7

the armouring of the support FIG. 6 with the thermal insulation element before concreting the support,

Fig. 8

the support provided with a formwork after filling with concrete,

Fig. 9

an enlarged section FIG. 8 .

Fig. 10

an alternative embodiment with arranged in the foot region of a support thermal insulation element and.

Fig. 11

a second embodiment of a heat-insulating element of a non-load-bearing insulating material with individual pressure bodies used.

That in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown thermal insulation element 1 is used for monolithic connection and load-bearing connection of a concrete pillar in the basement of a building to the overlying basement ceiling. It has a cuboid basic element 1 with a top side 2 and a bottom side 3, which serves in each case as bearing surfaces for the basement ceiling or the closure of the support supporting it. In the middle of the cuboid heat-insulating element 1 there is a central through-opening 4, which extends from the upper side 2 to the underside 3 of the heat-insulating element 1. The reinforcing element projects through four reinforcing rods 5. The underside 3 of the heat-insulating element 1 has a three-dimensional profiling in the form of a funnel-shaped recess 6 extending in the direction of the through-opening 4. In the interior of the heat-insulating element 1, a reinforcement arranged at right angles thereto, for example a reinforcing bar 7, is embedded, which surrounds the reinforcing bars 5 and gives the heat-insulating element additional stability.

The thermal insulation element 1 consists of a lightweight concrete, which on the one hand has a high pressure stability, on the other hand, a good thermal insulation property. Compared to concrete with a thermal conductivity of about 1.6 W / (m · K) When using a suitable lightweight concrete material, the thermal conductivity is in the range of about 0.5 W / (m · K), which corresponds to an improvement of about 70%. The lightweight concrete used consists essentially of expanded clay, fine sands, preferably light sand, flow agents and stabilizers that prevent segregation by floating the grain and improve the processability.

The compressive strength of the thermal insulation element is sufficiently high to enable the statically planned utilization of the underlying in situ concrete support, for example in accordance with compressive strength class C25 / 30. Preferably, however, the compressive strength of the thermal insulation element even corresponds to at least 1.5 times the statically required value. This ensures that, even in the event of possible faulty surfaces on the connecting surface between the thermal insulation element and support safety reserves are available, so that the thermal insulation element remains statically stable even at points higher load.

The reinforcing bars 5, which traverse the main body of the thermal insulation element 1 in the vertical direction, serve primarily as tension rods for transmitting any tensile forces that may occur. The reinforcing rods 5 can be embedded in the lightweight concrete material of the cuboid base body 1 in the manufacture of the heat-insulating element. Alternatively, it is possible for easier production of the thermal insulation element to install in the production of sleeves as a kind of lost circuit through which the reinforcing rods 5 are inserted therethrough after curing of the lightweight concrete element 1.

The reinforcing bars 5 themselves are in the embodiment of a fiber composite material such as the proven reinforcing rod ComBAR® Schöck, which consists of oriented in the direction of force glass fibers and a resin matrix. Such a glass fiber reinforcing rod has an extremely low thermal conductivity, which is up to 100 times lower than with reinforcing steel, and is thus ideally suited for use in the thermal insulation element. Alternatively, however, rebars of conventional type made of stainless steel or structural steel can be used.

Especially when using reinforcing bars made of a fiber composite material described use of sleeves as lost formwork for subsequent insertion of the reinforcing bars is advantageous. Reinforcing bars made of fiber composite materials can transmit very high tensile forces, but in contrast to that, significantly lower pressure forces can lead to the destruction of the reinforcing bars. Through the use of sleeves, a positive embedding of the reinforcing bars in the surrounding concrete, which is normally intended and almost indispensable for concrete reinforcements, is avoided. If there is now a compressive force load, for example, subsidence in the building, so the reinforcing rods can deform elastically in their sleeves until the pressure forces are completely removed by the pressure-stable insulating body 1, so that a harmful compressive load on the reinforcing bars is avoided.

The reinforcement in the thermal insulation element is designed only as tensile reinforcement, since the connection between the support and the floor above it can be statically considered anyway as articulated connection. Thus, through the use of the sleeves for connection-free implementation of fiber composite reinforcement a static, stable and permanent connection or monolithic connection between support and floor ceiling is achieved with continuous reinforcement the static requirements.

The use of sleeves as lost formwork for the subsequent installation of reinforcing bars also has considerable advantages in the production. When manufactured under factory conditions, it is easier to insert sleeves into a formwork for the thermal insulation element than reinforcing bars which are to penetrate the thermal insulation element on both sides and which must be sealed against the formwork. The storage is simplified considerably when prefabricated thermal insulation elements are designed without bulky reinforcing bars and the latter are inserted only at the construction site during installation of the thermal insulation element in the sleeves of the thermal insulation element.

The dimensions of the reinforcing bars 5, without the invention being limited thereto, in the exemplary embodiment 16 mm in diameter at a length of 930 mm. The arrangement of the reinforcing bars 5 relative to the Base of the body 1 is slightly outside the main diagonal selected. The reason for this is that with a support in which the reinforcing bars 5 of the thermal insulation element 1 are installed, the reinforcement of the support is already in the corners.

The reinforcing bracket 7 is made of a stainless steel bent into a ring, which is welded at the joint. The reinforcing bracket 7 has a diameter of about 200 mm with a material thickness of 8 mm or 10 mm.

The main body of the heat-insulating element 1 has an edge length of 250 × 250 mm in the exemplary embodiment. The height is 100 mm and thus corresponds to the usual strength of a subsequently applied thermal barrier coating. The passage opening runs, as especially in Fig. 3 can be seen, slightly conical in that the passage opening 4 tapers from an upper dimension of 70 mm to a lower dimension of 65 mm. The passage opening can be closed by means of a corresponding likewise slightly conical plug (not shown).

Fig. 4 shows the heat-insulating element in a side view, wherein on the main body 1 additionally circumferential seals 8 are mounted. The seals 8 may for example be designed as rubber lips or conventional sealing bands. They serve to seal the body of the thermal insulation element 1 edge-sealing against a formwork for the support to be created underneath to prevent rising of concrete or air ingress.

Fig. 5 shows the installation situation of the thermal insulation element with respect to a support 23. The cross section shown extends below the body of the heat-insulating element 1. The made of in-situ concrete support 23 has a reinforcement with four arranged in the corners of the support 23 vertical reinforcing bars 25 and a plurality of horizontally the reinforcing bars 25 extending approximately square executed reinforcing bracket 26. The reinforcing bars 5 of the thermal insulation element are each slightly offset next to one of the reinforcing bars 25 of the support 23. Die in Fig. 5 drawn Section line BB corresponds to the cut of the in Fig. 7 shown longitudinal section through the column reinforcement.

In FIG. 6 First, a longitudinal section through the support 23 and the connected building parts is shown. The support 23 is placed on a base plate 21 and carries a projecting ceiling 22 arranged above it. This may, for example, be the basement or basement ceiling of a building. Base plate 21, support 23 and floor slab 22 are statically connected. Between the support 23 and the floor slab 22, the pressure-transmitting heat-insulating element 1 is arranged, the reinforcing bars 5 are shed monolithic both in the support 23 and in the overlying floor slab 22. On the underside of the floor slab 22, a thermal barrier coating 24 is applied, the thickness of which substantially corresponds at least to the height of the main body of the thermal insulation element 1. The thermal barrier coating 24 is applied from a highly insulating material, such as mineral insulation panels or wood wool multi-layer panels.

In Fig. 7 the reinforcement of the support 23 is shown together with the thermal insulation element 1 in a longitudinal section. The cutting guide corresponds to the section line BB Fig. 5 , The reinforcement of the support 23 consists of four arranged in the corners of the support vertical reinforcing bars 25, which may be made of structural steel with a rod diameter of 28 mm at a length of 2000 mm, and a plurality of horizontally around the reinforcing bars 25 encircling reinforcing bar with in about square floor plan. Above the column reinforcement is the thermal insulation element 1, the reinforcing rods 5 projecting downwards into the column reinforcement.

The reinforcement content of the support 23 is about 3-4%. At a typical thermal conductivity of the structural steel of about 50 W / (m · K), it contributes about 1.6% of the total weight of 1.6 W / (m · K) to the overall thermal conductivity of the column. By using the combination of lightweight concrete and a fiberglass reinforcement in the area of the thermal insulation element 1, the heat transfer between support 23 and floor slab 22 can thus be reduced by about 90% compared to a direct monolithic connection.

To create the prop 23, as in FIG. 8 shown in the upper half, around the column reinforcement 25, 26 installed a formwork 27 and filled with in-situ concrete. This is compacted in a conventional manner with an internal vibrator. Subsequently, the thermal insulation element 1 is inserted from above into the formwork 27 and pressed its reinforcing bars 5 in the still liquid in-situ concrete. The base body 1 is pressed against the fresh in-situ concrete until the liquid concrete rises slightly in the passage opening 4, so that it is ensured that there is no longer any air gap between the concrete of the support 23 and the thermal insulation element 1. Subsequently, the vibrating bottle of a concrete vibrator is passed through the passage opening 4 in the fresh in-situ concrete underneath in order to recompress it again. When inserting the vibrating bottle, the heat-insulating element can be slightly lifted by the volume of the concrete displaced by the vibrating bottle. When pulling out of the vibrator therefore care is taken that the thermal insulation element 1 drops again by this volume by the heat insulating element 1 is pressed down accordingly when pulling out of the vibrator. The circumferential seal 8 in this case prevents air between formwork 27 and thermal insulation element 1 can penetrate or the thermal insulation element 1 in the formwork 27 can tilt. In FIG. 9 is the detail referred to as D detail around one of the seals 8 again drawn out enlarged.

The recompression of the still liquid fresh concrete through the passage opening of the heat-insulating element 1 therethrough leads to an intimate connection of the heat-insulating element 1 with the underlying in-situ concrete. In particular, hollow spots are prevented due to voids or sedimentation in the fresh concrete between the thermal insulation element 1 and the support. This is mainly due to the conical profiling on the underside of the body 1, due to the ascending air bubbles or cement water segregated on the surface collect mainly in the central region of the passage opening 4.

After concreting the support and recompressing through the passage opening 4, any remaining concrete in the passage opening 4 concrete residue are removed. Subsequently, the passage opening 4 by means a conical plug (not shown) closed. The closure plug can be made of an insulating material such as polystyrene or similar. exist and serves to prevent the ingress of in-situ concrete in the through hole 4, when subsequently the floor slab 22 is created. In this way, any thermal bridges due to a concrete filling in the through hole 4 are avoided. Subsequently, the overlying floor slab 22 is created above the heat-insulating element 1 in a conventional manner.

In addition to the compression or recompression, the passage opening 4 can also be used as a filling opening for filling the formwork for the support 23 with in-situ concrete. In this case, the thermal insulation element is inserted into the still empty formwork of the support 23 and optionally the reinforcing bars 5 connected to the column reinforcement. Subsequently, fresh concrete is filled through the passage opening 4 of the heat-insulating element in the formwork and then compressed by a through-opening 4 a vibrator bottle of an internal vibrator is introduced. Here too, therefore, a compression of the fresh concrete against the underside of the thermal insulation element takes place from above through the passage opening 4. Alternatively, the support 23 can also be made of self-compacting concrete, or the support can be compacted by an external vibrator. In the latter two cases, the passage opening 4 thus serves only as a filling opening.

In addition to installation in the upper region of a support, installation in the foot region of a support is also conceivable. Such an arrangement is in an alternative embodiment in FIG. 10 shown. The support 23 is arranged here between the bottom plate 21 and the upper floor ceiling 22. In the foot region of the support 23, an inventive thermal insulation element 1 is installed, projecting the reinforcing rods 5 of the bottom plate 21 into the upper region of the support 1 and there are connected to the reinforcement 25 of the support 1. A thermal barrier coating 24 'of insulation boards of known type is mounted in this case on the top of the bottom plate 21.

The preparation can take place in such a way that the thermal insulation element 1 is connected before concreting the bottom plate 21 with its reinforcement 21 '. The bottom plate 21 is then cast from cast-in-place concrete, so that the concrete of rises down against the thermal insulation element 1. In order to obtain a good and space-free connection here, the in-situ concrete in turn can be compacted through the central passage opening 4 with a vibrating tool. After curing, the reinforcement 25 of the support is created and connected to the reinforcing bars 5 of the thermal insulation element. Around the thermal insulation element 1 around the formwork 27 is then constructed for the support 23 and then poured the support 23 in a conventional manner from in-situ concrete and compacted.

In Fig. 11 a further embodiment of a heat-insulating element is shown. Unlike in the previous embodiment, the base body 10 of the thermal insulation element shown here is not made of lightweight concrete but of a non-compressive heat insulating material such as foam glass or polystyrene foam. A total of four individual pressure bodies 11a to 11d, which are inserted into the insulation body 10, serve for the pressure force transmission.

The individual printing elements 11a to 11d are made of a high-strength concrete in order to be able to remove the ballast through the overlying building part 22. Reinforcing bars 15 are cast into the individual pressure elements 11a to 11d and protrude in the vertical direction over the top 12 and the bottom 13 of the heat-insulating element 15 addition. In approximately the middle as in the previous embodiment, a through hole 14 is provided, which serves as a filling and / or compression opening.

The installation of the thermal insulation element 10 takes place as in the previous embodiment. The heat-insulating property is achieved in this embodiment mainly by the areal reduction of thermal bridges to the few individual pressure elements 11a to 11d. The present invention is not limited to the form and number of individual printing elements shown in the embodiment. Rather, the provided within the insulating body 10 portion of pressure-transmitting material can be performed in a variety of other geometries, such as in the form of a pressure-transmitting cylindrical ring. The reinforcing rods 15 need not necessarily be guided by the arranged in the insulating body 10 pressure-transmitting areas 11 a to 11 d, but can also be plugged separately thereof by the non-compressive force transmitting areas of the thermal insulation element 10.

The thermal insulation element itself may be adapted in its dimensions to the underlying and / or overlying component. In particular, thermal insulation elements can be adapted to the typical cross sections of supports with a round, square or rectangular layout. Typical dimensions of round columns are diameters of 24 and 30 cm, and of rectangular bases 25 x 25 cm and 30 x 30 cm. Thermal insulation elements with such a geometry can also be combined as desired to larger columns or support walls.

The heat insulation elements described herein are particularly suitable for use with pendulum supports and wall supports with low clamping moments. In addition, the use of supporting outer walls is possible by the heat insulation elements are installed at a suitable distance from each other and any remaining gaps between the individual thermal insulation elements are filled with non-supporting insulation material.

The geometric design of the profiled underside of the thermal insulation element can be realized in many other ways besides the conical shape shown here, for example in a stepped shape, a radial toothing, an annular bead and much more.

In addition to optimizing the geometry of the underside of the heat-insulating element, smaller or smaller openings may also be provided for subsequent encapsulation of possibly remaining cavities between the thermal-insulating element and the concrete surface located thereunder. Such openings can be closed by means of blind plugs and opened as needed to subsequently fill any remaining cavity by means of a potting compound such as a grout or a synthetic resin composition and thus produce a secure static connection, even if in an individual case a faulty design in the preparation of the support or the installation of the thermal insulation element had led to a poor connection. In addition, indicators may be provided on the thermal insulation element, which can be pushed up in the manner of a float and indicate here, that the heat-insulating element has contact with the underlying in-situ concrete on its underside.

When installing the thermal insulation element in the already compacted, fresh concrete of the underlying support, the subsequent recompression and when pulling out of the compaction tool from the passage opening of the thermal element, it may optionally be advantageous if a defined pressure force is exerted on the thermal insulation element.

In addition to reinforcing bars, in the context of the present invention, other rod-shaped reinforcing means for connecting the heat-insulating element to the above and below building parts can be used, for example threaded rods, dowels or the like, as explained above, the connection between a support and a floor above it static as articulated connection can be considered and the reinforcement therefore preferably has to fulfill a constructive function at this point.

Claims (15)

Thermal insulation element for heat dissipation between bearing concrete parts (23, 22) to be created from concrete, preferably between a vertical building part, in particular a support (23), and a horizontal building part above or below, in particular a floor slab (22) or a floor slab (21 ), wherein the thermal insulation element (1) at least partially consists of a pressure-transmitting material and an upper and a lower support surface (2, 3) for vertical connection to the building parts (23, 22),
characterized in that
the heat-insulating element (1) has at least one passage opening (4) extending from the upper to the lower support surface (2, 3), which passage opening is designed to carry out a compacting device for fresh concrete. Thermal insulation element according to claim 1, which consists at least partially of a pressure-transmitting and heat-insulating material. Thermal insulation element according to claim 2, which consists at least partially of a lightweight concrete. Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower support surface (3) has a three-dimensionally profiled surface. Thermal insulation element according to claim 4, wherein the lower support surface (3) has a funnel-shaped in the direction of the passage opening (4) inclined or curved surface. Heat-insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, which one or more of the heat-insulating element (1) and penetrating having substantially vertically beyond the upper and lower support surface (2, 3) extending rod-shaped reinforcing elements (5). Thermal insulation element according to claim 6, wherein the rod-shaped reinforcing elements (5) are designed as reinforcing rods, which preferably consist of a fiber composite material. Thermal insulation element according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the rod-shaped reinforcing elements (5) are inserted in sleeves which are embedded in the pressure-transmitting material. Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims with a reinforcing bracket (7) arranged in the interior of the pressure-transmitting material. Heat-insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, which has at least one around the vertical boundary surfaces circumferential seal (8) for sealing installation of the heat-insulating element (1) in a formwork (27) for the underlying building part (23). Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, which additionally has one or more compared with the passage opening (4) smaller Vergussöffnungen, which are preferably closed by means of removable blind plugs. Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, with a preferably conical sealing plug for subsequent closure of the passage opening (4), wherein the closure plug is preferably made of a thermally insulating material. Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more indicators for indicating sufficient contact of the lower bearing surface (3) with unbound concrete of the building part (23) to be created underneath. Thermal insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the passage opening (4) has an opening dimension of at least 50 mm, preferably between 60 and 80 mm. Method for installing a thermal insulation element (1) for heat insulation between load-bearing building parts (23, 22, 21) to be constructed from concrete, preferably between a vertical part of the building, in particular a support (23), and a horizontal part of the building lying above or below, in particular one Floor slab (22) or a bottom plate (21), wherein the heat-insulating element (1) at least partially consists of a pressure-transmitting material and an upper and a lower support surface (2, 3) for vertical connection to the building parts (23, 22, 21) , and wherein the thermal insulation element (1) has at least one passage opening (4) extending from the upper to the lower bearing surface,
comprising the following steps: - pouring concrete into a formwork for the lower part of the building (23) and compacting the concrete, Inserting the thermal insulation element (1) into the formwork for the lower part of the building (23), - Compressing the concrete by means of a compacting device for fresh concrete, which is passed through the passage opening (4), and preferably - anschießendes closing the passage opening (4) by means of a sealing plug.

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