DE102005048147B3 - Wall element formed as a hollow concrete finished part for a building element for erecting the first storey of a building comprises an inner wall, an outer wall and vertical channels extending from the upper side to the lower side - Google Patents

Abstract

Wall element formed as a hollow concrete finished part comprises an inner wall (4), an outer wall (5) and vertical channels extending from the upper side to the lower side through the entire wall element. The channels have a cross-section which tapers toward the wall foot. An independent claim is also included for a building element kit for erecting the first storey of a building. Preferred Features: The cross-section of the channels taper downward. The channel have a square cross-section. Several channels are arranged parallel to each other with narrow bars (11) running between the inner and outer walls between neighboring channels.

Description

The The invention relates to a wall element, as a hollow precast concrete part is formed, and a set of components for creating walls of a building, the should be storm-proof.

Factory made Prefabricated concrete elements have been used for more than half a century, to create a shell quickly and inexpensively. Against full walls have hollow executed Walls Advantage that they are easier to store and because of their lower weight can be transported to the construction site. Hollow wall elements have an inner wall, a parallel and spaced outer wall and one or more cavities between inner wall and outer wall on. The thus relatively lightweight hollow wall element can on site directly from the truck by means of a mobile crane on a prepared foundation be put on. The cavities will be afterwards completely or partially filled with in-situ concrete. This results in the end Walls, their static load capacity of a concrete wall concreted on site not inferior.

The known hollow wall elements are usually as double-shell double wall executed. From WO 91/028 58 A1, for example, a cavity wall is known, which consists of plates, the plates by spacers be kept apart from each other.

The DE 43 31 698 C2 describes a designed as a prefabricated component cavity wall with a first wall part made of concrete and a plate as a second wall part and with a lattice girder, by which the first wall part is rigidly connected to the plate to form a cavity. The lattice girder has a Obergurtstab and a Untergurtstab, wherein the Obergurtstab is wrapped with concrete cover from the concrete of the first wall part.

From the DE 30 03 162 A1 is known a cavity wall, the spacer elements are formed like a ladder. Between posts, which form the spars of the spacer ladder, transverse or diagonal rungs are provided, which define the distance.

By WO 97/04195 A1 is designed as a hollow precast concrete part Wall element with an inner wall, an outer wall and a number of vertical channels known from the top to the bottom by the extend entire wall element therethrough.

When Foundation for prefabricated buildings are often flat rectangular hollow stones, have the bottom and top open cavities. The dimensions These hollow stones are standardized. A number of such standard hollow stones are put together to a foundation. On this foundation then the prefabricated wall elements are set up. To this Way lets made of prefabricated precast concrete parts quickly and inexpensively Shell of a building with one or more floors.

In Areas caused by hurricanes like hurricanes or tornadoes There are special rules that require a massive construction at least for the first floor of a building prescribe. Should these regulations even when using prefabricated Cavity wall elements are met, so it requires a special rebar connection to the foundation, so that not only the vertical loads of the roof or overlying Projectiles, but also horizontal stresses due to earth pressure and Wind be initiated by the wall element in the stable foundation can.

outgoing from WO 97/04195 A1 it is the object of the present invention to to create a wall element designed as a hollow prefabricated concrete part, its wall foot on easy and safe way to the foundation or other elements can be connected so that tensile forces are transmitted. It should be further a set of components of precast concrete parts are provided, with its help, at least the first floor of a building storm-proof accomplished can be.

Is solved the task by a wall element with the features of the first claim and with a component set according to claim 11.

The wall element according to the invention has, between inner wall and outer wall, a number of vertical channels which extend from the upper side to the lower side through the entire wall element and have a cross-section narrowing towards the wall foot. After placing the wall element on the foundation, in-situ concrete or grout can be poured from above into one or more of the vertical channels. Since the channels pass through the entire wall element, the filled concrete passes through the respective channel into the area of the wall foot and can slide down further from there until it reaches the foundation or penetrates into prepared openings of the foundation. If the foundation consists of the mentioned hollow stones, the filled concrete can pass through the channels into these cavities incorporated. Conversely, a reinforcement projecting upwards from the surface of the foundation, for example of steel wires, can penetrate from below into the channels of the wall element and join together with the concrete filled into the channels to form a high-strength reinforced concrete anchor.

Essential is that the vertical channels in the wall element a narrowing towards the wall foot cross-section exhibit. Preferably tapers the cross section of the channels downwards. The in the channels filled Concrete forms thereby after setting or solidifying a wedge, which firmly connects the wall element with the foundation. A take off the wall element from the foundation is thus no longer possible. Much more can also be high tensile forces, as they occur for example in a hurricane over the conical walls of the channels and insert the concrete wedge into the foundation. The inventively designed Wall element features over it a safe and highly resilient connection to the foundation.

The proposed wall element leaves use in the same way also for the creation of walls of higher storeys, the wall foot then with the ceiling of the underlying floor or directly with others Wall elements is connected.

The channels can be filled with the grouting concrete only as high as it is for a secure reinforcement connection is necessary. The upper part of a partially filled with in-situ concrete Channel leaves thereby for other purposes, such as for installation use of pipes, pipes or thermal insulation without sacrificing in terms of resilience by earth pressure and wind in comparison would have to be made to a full wall.

The channels of the wall element according to the invention can expediently have rectangular cross-section. For example, with a wall thickness 30 cm have the channels a thickness of 20 cm and a width of 40 cm. But they are just as well also channels with square cross section or even round channels possible. Latter would be then bottom conical.

Advantageous are several channels arranged parallel next to each other, being between two adjacent ones channels narrow webs run between the inner wall and outer wall. The interior walls of the channels are preferably smooth, so that the filled from above concrete or grout preferably can slide down unhindered.

The for one good rebar connection necessary constriction or rejuvenation of the Cross section of the channels let yourself thereby achieve that the inner walls of the channels form an acute angle. It is not necessary that the channel walls over the entire height of the wall element aslant to each other; Rather, it is sufficient if the inner walls of the channels in the area of the wall foot make an acute angle. Few degrees below 90 ° range off to the desired one Keying the filling concrete between the conical walls of the channels to effect. An angle between 80 ° and 85 ° is preferred. The required Cross-sectional narrowing can also be done by a suit of for example 1 mm per meter above the entire length the channel can be realized.

in the Principle is enough it, if the channels through extend through the entire wall element, ie from the top reach to the bottom. The filling of fresh concrete in one or more of the channels is relieved, however, if the respective channel at his having a filling opening at the upper end. This filling hole can for example, beveled inside Have edges or be designed as a small funnel. Corresponding can at the lower end of the channel formed a passage opening to the foundation which makes it easier for the concrete arrived below to come to terms with it to join the foundation or into the cavities of the foundation forming To transfer hollow stones.

For one secure reinforcement connection of the wall element to the foundation it's important that in the channels filled Concrete safely flowed to the very bottom. To control this, it is appropriate to the outer wall at the bottom small inspection openings provide a view into the interior of the underlying Allow channels.

The Wall element according to the invention is preferably one piece Poured concrete. In the field of thin, but solidly trained inside and outside wall as well as in the webs between the channels can be wires or mats made of reinforcing iron as reinforcement to bring in the load capacity of the wall element in particular to train and bend to increase.

Particularly suitable for the production of the wall element is self-compacting concrete (SVB) - English: Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). SVB or SCC has optimum fresh concrete properties especially for the production of thin-walled molded parts, which can be adjusted by different concrete raw materials and compositions. SVB / SCC has the ability to flow independently without getting lost. A suitable SVB / SCC consists for example of cement, hard coal fly ash as additive, superplasticizer and Water. A more detailed description can be found in the article by Grube, H. and Rickert, J: "Self-compacting concrete - another development step of the 5-substance system concrete" in the journal "beton" 49 (1999), No. 4, pages 239- 244th

Especially advantageous is the use according to the invention formed wall elements along with a foundation that consists of a number of standardized cuboid hollow stones with rectangular openings consists. In this case, the vertical channels are arranged in the wall element and dimensioned that the channels with the cavities open at the top the hollow stones are aligned. The cavities of the hollow stones then form as it were the extension the channels, so that filled from the top and through the channels after the concrete has solidified, it forms solid wedges after solidification firmly connect the wall element with the hollow stones of the foundation.

One embodiment The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 two wall elements arranged on the corner on a foundation, in a partially cutaway perspective view;

2 a section from 1 , on an enlarged scale.

In the 1 To see corner of the shell of a ground floor is composed of precast concrete parts. A number of juxtaposed hollow stones 1 forms the foundation on which a long wall element 2 and a short wall element 3 are set up. The two wall elements 1 and 2 form a corner of the building.

The long wall element 2 has a flat inner wall 4 and a parallel, also flat outer wall 5 , Recesses for a door 6 and a window 7 are incorporated immediately. Between inner wall 4 and outer wall 5 go through narrow channels 8th the wall element 2 from top to bottom. In the area of the corner are six channels 8th arranged parallel next to each other, between door 6 and windows 7 are three more channels 8th trained and left of the door 6 again two channels 8th , All channels 8th have rectangular cross-section. Every channel 8th has at its upper end a filling opening 9 and at its lower end a passage opening 10 on. Two adjacent channels each 8th are through a thin bridge 11 separated from each other. The wall element 2 together with the channels 8th was poured in one piece from self-compacting concrete (SVB / SCC), transported from the factory to the construction site and placed there on the foundation by means of a mobile crane.

From the hollow stones 1 of the foundation project round bars 12 made of steel vertically upwards through the openings 10 in the adjoining channels 8th into it. From the top was grout through the filling openings 9 into the channels 8th filled and flowed down and there to a wedge of filled concrete 13 stiffens.

Small rectangular inspection openings 14 at the lower edge of the outer wall 5 provide a glimpse into the underlying channel 8th and thus control, whether this channel 8th empty or with filled concrete 13 is poured out. Before concreting give these control openings 14 a revision of the connection reinforcement.

2 clearly shows that in the region of the wall foot, the respective opposite inner walls of a channel 8th to form an acute angle of about 83 ° obliquely to each other. The resulting taper of the cross section of the channel 8th downwards causes a wedging of the filling concrete 13 opposite the sloping walls of the canal 8th , At the same time, the filled concrete encloses 13 the round rod 12 the connection reinforcement of the foundation.

1

Hohlstein

2

long wall element

3

short wall element

4

inner wall

5

outer wall

6

door

7

window

8th

channels

9

fill opening

10

Through opening

11

Stege

12

round bar

13

filling concrete

14

inspection hole

Claims (11)

Wall element, which is designed as a hollow precast concrete part, with an inner wall ( 4 ), an outer wall ( 5 ) and a number of vertical channels ( 8th ), which extends from the top to the bottom through the entire wall element ( 2 . 3 ) and have a narrowing towards Wandfuß towards cross-section. Wall element according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross section of the channels ( 8th ) tapers downwards. Wall element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channels ( 8th ) have rectangular cross-section. Wall element according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of channels ( 8th ) are arranged parallel next to one another, wherein between two adjacent channels ( 8th ) narrow bridges ( 11 ) between inner wall ( 4 ) and outer wall ( 5 ). Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner walls of the channels ( 8th ) are smooth. Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner walls of the channels ( 8th ) form an acute angle, at least in the region of the wall foot, in particular an angle between 80 ° and 85 °. Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the channels ( 8th ) at its upper end a filling opening ( 9 ) for in-situ concrete and at its lower end a passage opening ( 10 ) to the foundation. Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at the lower edge of the outer wall ( 5 ) Inspection openings ( 14 ), which have a view into the underlying channel ( 8th ). Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized that in one piece cast in concrete. Wall element according to claim 9, characterized in that that it is made of self-compacting concrete (SVB / SCC). Set of components for the construction of the first floor of a building, comprising - a number of parallelepipedic hollow blocks ( 1 ) which form the foundation next to each other; - Wall elements ( 2 . 3 ) according to claim 1, whose vertical channels ( 8th ) with the upwardly open cavities of the hollow stones ( 1 ) are aligned; - flowable filling concrete ( 13 ), in the channels ( 8th ) into a wedge.