EP3066959A1 - Drawer, piece of furniture with drawer and method for opening a drawer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drawer (1), a piece of furniture (7) and a method for opening a drawer (1). With the drawer according to the invention (1), the quality of life of older people in dealing with furniture (7) is significantly improved. In this case, the drawer (1) can be easily moved into a position in which the user can ergonomically examine their contents and, if necessary, remove or insert them. Bending and / or heavy lifting in unfavorable postures are effectively avoided.

Description

The present invention relates to a drawer according to the preamble of claim 1, a piece of furniture according to the preamble of claim 10 and a method for opening a drawer according to the preamble of claim 12.

Drawers are usually parts of furniture that can be closed or closed. This can be stored in drawers items that are to be withdrawn from direct access or sight, which is also usually a protection against light and pollution is connected.

Such drawers can be arranged in all vertical heights, which ultimately depends only on the shape and dimensions of the corresponding piece of furniture. In addition to ordinary cabinets, which may also be present as cabinet walls, such pieces of furniture also include shelves, sideboards, chests of drawers and the like, both standing and hanging pieces of furniture being possible.

A disadvantage of such known drawers is that they can only be viewed if they are arranged at most approximately to chest height of the operator. In addition, climbing on ladders or the like is required. In addition, it is disadvantageous that very deeply arranged drawers make a strong bending necessary. Both are difficult or impossible for the elderly, especially for the elderly, so that the quality of life of these people in dealing with their furniture is severely limited.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages. In particular, a drawer is to be provided which improves the quality of life of older people in dealing with them.

This object is achieved by the drawer according to the invention according to claim 1, the piece of furniture according to the invention according to claim 10 and the inventive A method for opening a drawer according to claim 12. Advantageous developments are specified in the description and the dependent subclaims.

The inventor has recognized that this object can be achieved particularly simply by using a lifting device which displaces the drawer in the vertical direction. This displacement may be both lifting and lowering relative to the position in which the drawer is in the unopened state. As a result, the drawer can be easily moved to a position in which the user can ergonomically examine their contents and if necessary remove or insert them. "In the vertical direction" means not only in this direction, but also opposite to this direction, that is basically parallel to the vertical.

The drawer according to the invention thus has a drawer body and a guide and is characterized in that the drawer has a lifting device which is adapted to displace the drawer body in a fully extended state in the vertical direction. The guide is provided for pulling out and pushing the drawer in a piece of furniture.

A "drawer body" is preferably one which has at least one bottom surface, wherein preferably also a front side surface and in particular opposite lateral side surfaces and a rear side surface are provided.

In an advantageous development, the drawer has a pull-out device. Then, the undressing can be facilitated, which will make noticeable especially in hard to reach or drawers with great weight.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the drawer is motorized, in particular with a linear motor with reversible direction of rotation, and trained preferably has one or more limit switches. As a result, the manual effort to operate the drawer can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, it is very advantageous if the lifting device has a scissors drive and / or if the lifting device has a spindle drive. By means of the scissor drive, a lifting device can be provided in a structurally particularly simple manner, wherein even very heavy and large drawers can be displaced over large vertical distances and can also be securely held. The spindle drive has the advantage that it is very easy to implement and there is always a self-locking, so that the drawer can be securely held in any vertical position.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the extension device and the lifting device are coupled to the effect that the vertical displacement of the drawer body takes place only when the drawer body is fully extended. As a result, a forced movement is realized, the operation of which is very easy for the elderly, since a single turn is sufficient to achieve both the undressing and vertical displacement as well as the vertical displacement and retraction.

In this context or alternatively, it is advantageous if a drive means of the drawer is drivingly coupled in a first drawer state with the drive of the extension device and in a second drawer state with the drive of the lifting device. Then the drawer drive is particularly simple. In this case, a single drive is sufficient to drive both the extension device and the lifting device.

In this context, an expedient embodiment is that the drive means of the drawer has a gear, the drive of the extension device has a rack and the drive of the lifting device has a gear, wherein the gear of the lifting device preferably in direct continuation the rack of the extension device is arranged so that the gear of the drive means meshes in the first drawer state with the rack of the extension device and in the second drawer state with the gear of the lifting device. Preferably, the rack is designed so that the gear of the lifting device engages under this partially, whereby a nearly fluid transition between this gear and the rack is made, which allows continuous movement of the drawer also at the transition between lifting and Ausziehbewegung.

In order to enable a sliding movement of the drawer at the transition between lifting movement and pull-out movement, it can preferably be provided that a locking means is provided for locking the pull-out device, which preferably locks the pull-out device until the lifting device is fully retracted, wherein the locking means is in particular magnetic is trained.

It is particularly advantageous if the drawer is semiautomatic or fully automatic. Moreover, it is very advantageous if the drawer is designed to be operated by means of a remote control or a sensor. Such sensors may be, for example, pressure sensors or motion detectors.

Self-contained protection is claimed for the piece of furniture according to the invention, with at least one drawer, which is designed as the drawer according to the invention.

The piece of furniture is particularly preferably a cabinet, a dresser, a table, a roll container, an office container, a secretary, a sideboard, a counter, a vertigo or a display case. Dishwashers and the like. Machines are preferably not furniture in the sense of the present invention.

Furthermore, independent protection is claimed for the inventive method for opening a drawer, which is characterized in that the drawer body fully extended and then moved by means of a lifting device in the vertical direction.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that a single drive for the extract and the vertical displacement is used.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that a positive coupling between the extract and the lifting device is used, so that the lifting device can only be operated in the fully extended state of the drawer and the extract can be operated only when no vertical displacement.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the drawer according to the invention is used.

Fig. 1a bis 1c

die erfindungsgemäße Schublade in drei Betriebszuständen,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht von oben auf den Antrieb der Schublade nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Detailansicht im dritten Betriebszustand nach Fig. 1c und

Fig. 4

eine Detailansicht auf Elemente der Schublade nach Fig. 1.

The characteristics and further advantages of the invention will become apparent in the context of the following description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the figures. Here are purely schematic:

Fig. 1a to 1c

the drawer according to the invention in three operating states,

Fig. 2

a perspective view from above of the drive of the drawer after Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a detailed view in the third operating state after Fig. 1c and

Fig. 4

a detail view of drawer items Fig. 1 ,

In the Fig. 1a to 1c three different operating states of a preferred embodiment of the drawer 1 according to the invention are shown purely schematically. In Fig. 2 is a perspective view from above of the drive 3 of the drawer after Fig. 1 shown, wherein for better clarity of the drive, the actual drawer body 5 is not shown. In Fig. 3 is the third operating state after Fig. 1c in a concrete technical implementation exemplified in detail and in Fig. 4 shows a further detailed view of the concrete technical implementation, wherein the drawer in an intermediate state between the operating conditions one after Fig. 1a and two after Fig. 1b located. It is in the Figures 3 and 4 For the sake of simplicity, only one side of the drive 3 is shown.

It can be seen that the drawer according to the invention 1, which is part of a piece of furniture 7, not shown, for example in the form of a shelf, the actual, consisting of wood drawer body 5 includes a guide 9 and the drive 3. The drawer body 5 has a bottom surface in the usual way, and these laterally surrounding, vertically upstanding side surfaces (front side surface, this opposite, rear side surface and two opposing lateral side surfaces) (in FIG Fig. 1 not shown in detail).

The guide 9 in this case comprises a guide rail 11 which is fixed to side walls 13 of a drawer receptacle (not shown) of the piece of furniture 7, and a slide rail 15 with rollers (not shown) or the like. Other guide means 15 which is connected to the drawer body 5.

On the guide means 15, a rack 17, a spindle 19 rotatable between two bearings 18a, 18b, and a scissor drive 21 are arranged, wherein a first leg 23 of the scissors drive 21 is rotatably fixed to the guide means 15 and the second leg 25 with a screw guide 27th is arranged displaceable relative to the spindle 19. The guide rail 11, the guide means 15 and the rack 17 form the extension device 28th

The spindle 19 has a first bevel gear 29, which meshes with a second bevel gear 31, wherein the second bevel gear 31 is fixed on a rotatable first shaft 33 which is aligned perpendicular to the spindle 19, and wherein on the first shaft 33, a first gear 35 is fixed.

On the other side of the first shaft 33, a second bevel gear 31a is likewise arranged, which meshes with a first bevel gear 29a, the spindle 19a being driven via the first bevel gear 29a.

The first gear 35 and the rack 17 have the same toothing. In addition, the rack in the region of the transition 37 to the first gear 35 is designed to be correspondingly flat, so that the first gear 35, the rack 17 can engage under, so that the transition 37 is seamless, i. there is no interruption of the teeth. The upper toothing 39 of the first gear 35 is in a plane with the teeth 41 of the rack 17th

The drive 3 of the drawer 1 has a motor 43 in the form of a linear motor with reversible direction of rotation, which is fixedly connected to the piece of furniture 7, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 can be removed. The motor 43 is connected to a second gear 47 via a second shaft 45. Depending on the operating state of the drawer, this second gearwheel 47 can mesh with the teeth 41 of the toothed rack 17 or the teeth 39 of the first gearwheel 35, wherein a combing with two toothings 39, 41 can also take place in the transition 37.

The scissor drive 21 is rotatably connected to the drawer body 5 with a first scissor member 49 associated with the second leg 25, and a second scissor member 51 associated with the first leg 23 of the scissor drive 21 slides in a corresponding guide (not shown) of the drawer body 5 guided. As a result, depending on the position of the second leg 25, the drawer body 5 can be raised or lowered in the vertical direction V relative to the spindle 19, wherein the drawer body 5 remains horizontally aligned and does not tilt. The scissor drive 21 and the spindle 19 form the lifting device 52.

On the guide means 15, a magnet 55 is arranged on a cantilever 53, which magnet corresponds to a magnet (not shown) arranged on the motor mount 57, that is, these magnets 55 magnetically attract as they approach, providing a locking means 58.

Furthermore, limit switches 65 (or not shown) are provided which shut off the motor 43 when a) the front end 59 of the rack 17 has minimally approached the motor 43 or the first leg 23 is at a predetermined tilt angle, the drawer body 5 so maximum is raised.

Finally, a remote control (not shown) for controlling the motor 43 is provided, by means of which the motor can be operated in the two opposite directions of rotation. Alternatively, a sensor detection could be provided, which starts or stops the motor 43 when approaching or touching the corresponding sensor. It may also be such a programming that a single touch or approach starts the engine 43 in a particular direction of rotation or stops, while a two-time touch or approach starts the motor 43 in the opposite direction.

When the drawer 1 is behind a vertically or horizontally articulated door (not shown), it can also be provided that opening the door gives an activation signal for the drawer 1. In this case, the activation signal can be delivered by the complete opening of the door or by the opening process, then if necessary, a time delay is provided to operate the drawer 1 only when the door is fully open. If the door is hinged vertically, then the extension device 28 may need to be dimensioned so that the drawer body 5 extends beyond the open door.

It will be appreciated that motor 43 drives not only the lift 52, but also the opposing lift 52a. An additional extension device on the other side with a further rack, however, is not required because for the extraction, the extension device 28 with the pay bar 17th sufficient and is displaced horizontally by the guide 9 of the entire drawer body 5.

In addition, it can be seen that the holder 57 for the motor 43 is C-shaped with the opening in the direction of the drawer interior, whereby it virtually floats in the direction of the drawer interior. This ensures that the motor 43 can drive over the shaft 33 without the holder 60 engaging the shaft 33.

The operation of the drawer 1 is now the following.

In the closed state of the drawer 1, the drawer body 5 is completely within the piece of furniture 7 (see. Fig. 1a ), wherein the second gear 47 is in the region of the front end 59 of the rack 17 and meshes with the toothing 41 of the rack 17. The second leg 25 of the scissors drive 21 is located adjacent to a stopper element 61 (see. Fig. 2 and 3 ).

When starting the motor 43, the second gear 47 rotates counterclockwise (see. Fig. 2 ), whereby the rack 17 is transported to the right and while the guide means 15 are pulled out of the guide rails 11. As soon as the second gear 47 meshes with the teeth 39 of the first gear 35, the extension of the drawer body 5 is completed (see. Fig. 1b ), wherein the two magnets 55 attract each other, and the second gear 47 drives the first gear 35 at. As a result, this moves the first shaft 33 with the second bevel gear 31 arranged thereon, which in turn drives the first bevel gear 29 and thus the spindle 19.

By the rotating spindle 19, the second leg 25 of the scissors drive 21 is displaced in the direction of the front end 59 of the rack 17. As a result, the two Scherengelenkspunkte 63a, 63b approach and the drawer body 5 is raised by pivoting the first scissor member 49 and sliding of the second scissor member 51 in the vertical direction V. After the first leg 23 maximum pivoted and has triggered the corresponding limit switch 65, the motor 43 is automatically switched off (see. Fig. 1c ).

For lowering the drawer body 5, the motor 43 is started in the opposite direction of rotation, whereby the second gear 47 in a clockwise direction (see. Fig. 2 ) turns. Since the two magnets 55 attract each other and thus arrest the pull-out device 28, the transition 37 is not overcome by the second gear 47. Instead, the second gear 47 rotates the first gear 35 until the second leg 25 bears against the stopper element 61. It is thus only the lifting device 52 is lowered (see. Fig. 1b ), but not the puller 28 moves.

After abutment of the second leg 25 on the stopper member 61, the second gear 47, the first gear 35 is no longer rotate, so that the attraction of the locking means 58 is overcome, so that the second gear 47 can mesh with the teeth 41 of the rack 17, whereby the Rack 17 is transported to the left (see. Fig. 2 ). This transport is carried out until the front end 57 of the rack 17 has minimally approached the motor 43 and the final limit switch (not shown) is activated.

It will be appreciated that the solution according to the invention always separates the lifting and the pulling-out movement, whereby the transition between the two movements is instantaneous. In addition, there is the advantage that the lifting movement can be interrupted at any time, since the drawer body is held securely due to the self-locking of the screw guide 27 on the spindle 19 even with large loads. Such an interruption can be done by manual operation or automatically. Such an automatic interruption can be designed, for example, in accordance with the automatic stop of a motor vehicle window closing device, such that when the resistance is too great, the drive 3 or motor 43 is switched off.

In the above embodiment, although a drawer 1 has been described, the drawer body 5 can be raised relative to the in Fig. 1 illustrated in the piece of furniture 7 retracted normal position is formed, but also drawers can be easily provided, which are designed to be lower than this position. Then the lifting device 52 would not be arranged below the drawer body, but for example above the drawer body 5. In principle, a lateral arrangement of the lifting device 52 on the drawer body 5 would be possible.

Also, the motor 43 does not have to be aligned with its axis of rotation perpendicular to the spindle 19, but to save space and a parallel arrangement is possible.

Unless otherwise indicated, all features of the present invention may be freely combined with each other. The features described in the description of the figures can, unless stated otherwise, be freely combined with the other features as features of the invention. A restriction of individual features of the embodiment to the combination with other features of the embodiment is expressly not provided. In addition, representational characteristics can also be reworded as process features and procedural features reworded as representational features. Such a reformulation is thus disclosed automatically.

From the above description it has become clear that a drawer 1 is provided which significantly improves the quality of life, especially of older people, when dealing with it. In this case, the drawer 1 can be very easily moved to a position in which the user can take their contents ergonomically in inspection and possibly remove or insert. Bending and / or heavy lifting in unfavorable postures are effectively avoided.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

drawer

3

drive

5

drawer body

7

furniture

9

guide

11

guide rail

13

Side walls of a drawer receptacle of the piece of furniture 7

15

Guide, slide with rollers

17

rack

18a, 18b

camp

19

spindle

21

Scherenanrieb

23

first leg of the scissors drive 21

25

second leg of the scissor drive 21

27

screw guide

28

extracting device

29

first bevel gear

31

second bevel gear

33

first wave

35

first gear

37

Transition between the first gear 35 and rack 17

39

Upper toothing of the first gear 35th

41

Toothing of the rack 17.

43

engine

45

second wave

47

second gear

49

first scissor link

51

second scissor link

52

lifting device

53

boom

55

magnet

57

engine mount

58

locking

59

front end of the rack 17

61

stopper member

63a, 63b

Scissors pivot points

65

Limit switches

V

vertical direction

Claims (15)

Drawer (1) with a drawer body (5) and with a guide (9), characterized in that the drawer (1) has a lifting device (52) adapted to move the drawer body (5) in a fully extended state to vertical To shift direction (V). Drawer (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drawer (1) has a pull-out device (28). Drawer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drawer (1) motorized, in particular with a linear motor (43) with reversible direction of rotation, is formed and preferably one or more limit switches (65). Drawer (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (52) has a scissors drive (21) and / or that the lifting device (52) has a spindle drive (19). Drawer (1) according to one of the preceding claims in conjunction with claim 2, characterized in that the extension device (28) and the lifting device (52) are coupled to the effect that the vertical displacement of the drawer body (5) takes place only when the drawer body ( 5) is fully extended. Drawer (1) according to one of the preceding claims in conjunction with claim 2, characterized in that a drive means (47) of the drawer (1) in a first drawer state with the drive (17) of the extension device (28) and in a second drawer state with the drive (35) of the lifting device (52) is drivingly coupled. Drawer (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive means of the drawer (1) has a gear (47), the drive of the pull-out device (28) comprises a rack (19) and the drive of the lifting device (52) comprises a gear ( 35), wherein the gear (35) of the lifting device (52) is preferably arranged in direct continuation of the rack (19) of the pullout device (28) so that the gear (47) of the drive means in the first drawer state with the rack (19 ) of the extension device (28) and in the second drawer state with the gear (35) of the lifting device (52) meshes. Drawer (1) according to one of the preceding claims in conjunction with claim 2, characterized in that a locking means (58) is provided for locking the pull-out device (28) which preferably locks the pull-out device (28) until the lifting device (52 ) is completely retracted, wherein the locking means (58) is in particular formed magnetically (55). Drawer (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drawer (1) is semiautomatic or fully automatic and / or that the drawer (1) is designed to be operated by means of a remote control or a sensor. Piece of furniture (7) with at least one drawer (1), characterized in that the drawer (1) is designed according to one of the preceding claims. Piece of furniture according to claim 10, characterized in that it is a cabinet (7), a chest of drawers, a table, a roll container, an office container, a secretary, a sideboard, a counter, a Vertiko or a showcase. A method for opening a drawer (1) with a drawer body (5) and a guide (9), characterized in that the drawer body (5) is fully extended and then by means of a lifting device (52) in the vertical direction (V) is displaced. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that a single drive (3, 43) for the extract (28) and the vertical displacement (52) of the drawer (1) is used. A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a forced coupling between the extract (28) and the lifting device (52) is used, so that the lifting device (52) can be actuated only in the fully extended state of the drawer (1) and the Excerpt (28) can only be operated with no vertical displacement of the drawer (1). Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a drawer (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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