EP3050442B1 - Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3050442B1
EP3050442B1 EP16150918.7A EP16150918A EP3050442B1 EP 3050442 B1 EP3050442 B1 EP 3050442B1 EP 16150918 A EP16150918 A EP 16150918A EP 3050442 B1 EP3050442 B1 EP 3050442B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additive
introduction
conveying
introduction material
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16150918.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3050442A1 (fr
Inventor
Felix LÜCKE
Andreas Feierabend
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority to PL16150918T priority Critical patent/PL3050442T3/pl
Publication of EP3050442A1 publication Critical patent/EP3050442A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3050442B1 publication Critical patent/EP3050442B1/fr
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212Applying additives to filter materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212Applying additives to filter materials
    • A24D3/022Applying additives to filter materials with liquid additives, e.g. application of plasticisers

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a device for producing filters for the tobacco processing industry with a filter material conveying device, the filter material conveying device having a Has guide section through which a filter material can be guided or guided.
  • an introduction material that absorbs the additive and is elongated and continuous is introduced into the filter material and soaked or wetted beforehand with an additive such as a flavor.
  • EP 2 178 403 B1 provides for this purpose a channel through which an additive is introduced and through which a solid carrier is pulled, namely with continuous immersion in the additive in order to allow the additive to be absorbed by the carrier.
  • EP 2 046 154 B1 provides for a non-flavor filament material to be introduced into a filter material during the manufacture of the filter rod and for a flavor agent to be supplied to it.
  • EP 2 123 180 A1 discloses a device for introducing additives into an already round shaped strand provided for the production of a smoking article with a guide section through which the strand can be guided in the transport direction and a feed device acting in the guide section for the downstream feeding of additives into the strand located in the guide section , wherein the feed device is designed such that it emits the additive or the additives in at least two beams directed at an angle to one another.
  • WO 2009/013082 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for making a rod for use in prep of a smoking article.
  • Filter material is conveyed from a filter material supply into a format device. Then a thread is inserted into the filter material.
  • the thread can take up a liquid additive. This takes place via a pump in the feed element for the thread.
  • WO 2007/085830 A2 shows a method of making a rod-shaped article for the tobacco processing industry.
  • a thread which is provided with an additive, is inserted into the rod-shaped article.
  • WO 2014/102926 A1 a machine and method for making filter rods is shown.
  • a filter rod into which a thread is inserted is conveyed in the machine.
  • the thread is impregnated with an additive.
  • EP 2 721 939 A1 a device for producing filters is shown, by means of which a thread is introduced into a conveyed filter rod by means of a first feed device. A flavoring substance is applied to the thread by means of a second feed device.
  • the application of the additive at an application speed that essentially corresponds to the conveying speed of the feed material allows the additive to penetrate better into the feed material, which enables better saturation of the feed material with the additive.
  • the application speed is preferably the speed or the speed component that occurs in the conveying direction of the material to be introduced is present. This is preferably between 90% to 130% of the conveying speed of the introducing material, in particular between 95% and 120% of the conveying speed of the introducing material, in particular preferably between 100% and 110% of the conveying speed of the introducing material.
  • the conveying speed of the introduction material preferably corresponds to the conveying speed of the filter material.
  • the application speed is preferably controlled or regulated as a function of the conveying speed of the introduction material. This enables efficient loading of the feed material with an additive at any conveying speed of the conveyed material.
  • a common conveying element By conveying in sections parallel according to the invention, a common conveying element can be realized which is very small, i.e. has a small cross-section.
  • the additive is preferably applied to the introduction material outside of the common conveying element. As a result, the entire additive reaches the introduction material and any additive that does not penetrate into the introduction material or adhere to it reaches the filter material which is arranged around the introduction material. In this way, an exact amount of an additive can be specified in the filter rod to be manufactured.
  • the additive is thus preferably applied when the introduction material is introduced into the filter material.
  • the additive is preferably conveyed completely separately to the introduction material in the common conveying element before it is applied to the introduction material.
  • the separate Funding provided at least up to the exit of the joint funding body.
  • the filter rod is preferably formed downstream of the application or during the application of the additive to the introduction material in the format device.
  • the filter rod is usually formed in such a way that the filter material is introduced into an inlet nozzle of a format device.
  • the feed material is preferably introduced centrally into the filter material, and where the feed material is introduced into the filter material, the additive is applied to the feed material.
  • a wrapping material strip is usually wrapped around the filter material, in particular in the format device, and a seam of the wrapping material strip is sealed with an adhesive.
  • a filter rod with a round cross-section is formed.
  • an oval-shaped filter rod can also be formed.
  • the amount of additive applied is preferably controlled.
  • a plurality of additive delivery lines are preferably provided in the common delivery element, a predeterminable number of additive delivery lines delivering additive as a function of the amount of additive to be applied.
  • 10 additive delivery lines can be provided and, depending on the amount of additive to be applied, more or fewer delivery lines for the additive to be delivered can be opened or closed.
  • the additive delivery lines are preferably arranged in such a way that opposing additive delivery lines are always open. In this way, the additive is always applied to the paving material from opposite sides.
  • some additive delivery lines have a different cross section than other additive delivery lines, the opposing additive delivery lines preferably having the same cross section.
  • the additive is preferably conveyed through at least one nozzle for application to the introduction material, in particular an additive jet is generated which is conveyed onto the introduction material at an angle of 10 ° to 60 °, in particular 20 ° to 50 °, to the introduction material.
  • an additive jet is generated which is conveyed onto the introduction material at an angle of 10 ° to 60 °, in particular 20 ° to 50 °, to the introduction material.
  • a device for producing filters for the tobacco processing industry with a filter material conveyor device, the filter material conveyor device having a guide section through which a filter material can be guided or guided, a common conveyor element introduced into the guide section for introducing an elongated and continuous one Feeding material and an additive is provided, the additive being or being applied to the feeding material downstream of the output of the conveying element, the device being further developed in that the common conveying element is designed to convey both the feeding material and the additive, the common conveying element is designed as a tube which has continuous conveying lines for the feed material and the additive.
  • the additive is applied to the feed material downstream of the output of the conveyor element can be applied or is applied, a very precise metering of the additive is possible.
  • An additive conveyor is preferably provided, by means of which the additive can be or is applied to the introduction material at an application speed which essentially corresponds to or is greater than the conveying speed of the introduction material.
  • the additive conveyor preferably has a control device or a regulating device in order to control or regulate the application speed.
  • the control device or the regulating device is supplied with a feed material conveying speed that results from the conveying speed of the filter material and essentially corresponds, for example, to the conveying speed of a format tape in the format device, in order to set a corresponding additive conveying speed via the control device or regulating device.
  • a sensor for measuring the speed of the additive is preferably provided.
  • the viscosity of the additive which is known from a temperature measurement and with knowledge of the additive itself or the behavior of the viscosity of the additive over temperature, the diameter of the delivery line and the pressure provided by the pump, the speed of the additive can be determined.
  • the additive conveyor can have a pump which brings additive from an additive supply into one or more conveying lines of the common conveying element and supplies it with a corresponding pressure so that the additive is sprayed out at the outlet of the common conveying element at a corresponding speed.
  • the common conveying element is designed to convey both the feed material and the additive.
  • the common conveying element is designed as a tube which has continuous conveying lines for the feed material and the additive.
  • the common conveying element for the feed material and the additive preferably has completely separate conveying channels, so that the feed material and the additive can be conveyed in the common conveying element, so that the additive can only be applied or is applied to the feed material at the exit of the common conveying element.
  • the pipe has, in particular, a central conveying line for the material to be introduced and, on the outside around this conveying line, corresponding additive conveying lines or conveying lines for the additive.
  • At least two delivery lines for the additive are preferably provided around a central delivery line.
  • the additive in particular several, preferably more than three, delivery lines are provided, in particular an even number of delivery lines being provided.
  • the feed lines for the additive can also be provided for various additives.
  • different sizes of the delivery line can be provided in order to be able to better adjust the dosage of the additive.
  • the delivery lines for the additive or additives are preferably arranged symmetrically around the central delivery line.
  • nozzles are provided that are oriented at a predeterminable angle to the material to be introduced. This is used to specifically apply additive to the material to be introduced.
  • the nozzles are aligned in such a way that the additive jet, which is directed at the feed material, hits the feed material at the predeterminable angle.
  • the predeterminable angle is preferably an angle between 20 ° and 50 °.
  • the number of feed lines carrying the additive can preferably be switched on or off.
  • the additive feeder can be designed in such a way that, in the case of different additives, the pump or pumping device is assigned to the respective feed lines for additives at the same time from different additive stocks.
  • the filter material is preferably a filter tow.
  • the additive is preferably a flavor.
  • the introduction material is preferably a yarn or a thread.
  • the invention is characterized in that the material to be introduced and the additive are transported separately in a multi-nozzle tube or tube.
  • This newly designed tube which can also be referred to as a common conveying element, is used instead of a commonly used insert tube.
  • the material to be introduced is guided in a central bore in the pipe.
  • the additive is passed through several small channels or additive delivery lines distributed over the circumference.
  • the additive is applied in at least two opposing additive delivery lines.
  • the more additive on the feed material is to be applied the more channels are added. For example, two, four, six, eight, ten or twelve channels can be switched on.
  • the additive is fed into the channels outside a format device of a filter rod machine.
  • the additive is applied to the injection material at the outlet or after it exits the pipe.
  • the invention has the advantage that the additive is applied to the introduction material with high pressure, which leads to an improved absorption of the additive by the introduction material.
  • the greatest possible accuracy of the amount of additive applied is achieved, since the supply and application of the additive is specifically provided at the last possible point in time during strand formation.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically part of a format device 7 of a rod machine in the tobacco processing industry.
  • a filter material 5 for example a filter tow material, is introduced into the format device 7 through a funnel device 6 after appropriate preparation in the direction of movement B.
  • the format device 7 has a first format upper part 7a, which comprises the funnel device 6, and a second format upper part 7b, which comprises an inlet finger 8, for example.
  • the inlet finger 8 presses the introduced filter material 5 onto a format tape, not shown, which is guided in the direction of movement B through the format device 7.
  • a wrapping material strip is usually arranged on the format tape, which is wrapped around a usually round-shaped filter material 5 in the format device 7, with an adhesive seam at the end of the wrapping material strip being provided with adhesive and the wrapping material strip being closed in this way.
  • a suture plate is then attached to it To accelerate the setting of the adhesive, for example glue, by heating or cooling. Finally, the filter material strip produced in this way is cut to length into filter rods that can be specified accordingly.
  • a thread 1 is guided over a common conveying element 2, for example a tube which is guided through the filter material 5 and the outlet 10 of which is arranged centrally in the filter material 5, which is provided with an additive 19.
  • the additive 19, for example a flavor is fed from an additive store 12 via a line 14 to a pump 11 and introduced into the common conveying element 2 via a line 14 from the pump 11.
  • the thread 1 and the additive 19 are guided separately, specifically in parallel up to the output 10 of the common conveying element 2.
  • the common conveying element 2 is explained in more detail in the following figures.
  • a control device 13 is also provided, which controls the pump 11 via an electrical line 15, for example.
  • the control device 13 can preferably also control valves which control the inflow of additives 19 in additive lines in the common conveying element 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a schematic representation, namely in a partial sectional view, the common conveying element 2.
  • a central bore or a feed material channel 16 is shown in which the feed material 1, for example a thread, is conveyed in the direction of movement B.
  • additive conveying lines 17 are provided in which an additive 19 is conveyed, specifically also in the direction of movement B.
  • At the exit of the additive channels or Conveying lines 17 each show a nozzle 18 which is oriented in such a way that it applies the additive 19 to the thread 1 in an additive jet 20 at an angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ is 27 °.
  • the application angle ⁇ is larger, ie the nozzles 18 are aligned so that a different application angle ⁇ is created.
  • the angle here is 47 °, for example.
  • the place of application which is shown by the dotted line, is provided in the direction of movement B or in the conveying direction of the thread 1 downstream of the outlet 10 of the common conveying element 2.
  • the additive 19 and the thread 1 are conveyed separately in the common conveying element.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a sectional view along section AA from FIG Fig. 3 . It can be seen here that the feed material channel 16 is arranged centrally in the common conveying element 2 and the additive channels 17 are arranged symmetrically around it. Eight additive channels 17 are shown. Fewer or more additive channels 17 can also be provided. Depending on the amount required, more or fewer additive channels 17 are to be used. These can be switched on or off, for example, by valves. Preferably, opposite additive channels 17 are always used in order to apply additive 19 to the thread 1.
  • the cross-section of the additive channels 17 can be of the same size or also partially different. It can be provided, for example, to provide two additive channels 17 with a diameter of 0.11 mm and the further additive channels 17 with a cross section of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, in particular 0.35 mm.
  • the distance between the additive channels 17 and the outer circumference of the common conveyor element 2 is preferably one millimeter.
  • the distance from the feed material channel 16 is preferably also one millimeter.
  • the feed material channel 16 preferably has a diameter of three times the thread diameter, for example the thread diameter is between 0.5 and 2 mm or preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mm. With a thread diameter of 1.2 mm, this would result in a diameter of the feed material channel 16 of 3.6 mm.
  • the larger feed material channel diameter compared to the diameter of the thread results from the fact that the thread can possibly become knotted and this should then not lead to a standstill of the machines.

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  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - le fait de transporter en continu un matériau pour filtre (5) depuis une réserve de matériau pour filtre dans un dispositif de formatage (7) pour former un cordon de filtre continu,
    - le fait d'introduire un matériau d'introduction (1) allongé et continu, en particulier un fil, contenant un additif liquide (19) dans le matériau pour filtre (5) tout en transportant le matériau pour filtre (5),
    - le fait d'appliquer l'additif (19) au matériau d'introduction (1) lors de l'introduction du matériau d'introduction (1) dans le matériau pour filtre (5),
    - l'additif (19) étant transporté séparément, au moins partiellement, vers le matériau d'introduction (1) dans un organe de transport commun (2) avant d'être appliqué sur le matériau d'introduction (1), et l'additif (19) étant appliqué sur le matériau d'introduction (1) à une vitesse d'application qui est sensiblement égale ou supérieure à la vitesse de transport du matériau d'introduction (1), un transport parallèle étant prévu au moins partiellement pendant le transport séparé de l'additif (19) et du matériau d'introduction (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'application est contrôlée ou régulée en fonction de la vitesse de transport du matériau d'introduction (1).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'application de l'additif (19) sur le matériau d'introduction (1) se fait à l'extérieur de l'organe de transport commun (2).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le cordon de filtre est formé en aval de l'application ou pendant l'application de l'additif (19) sur le matériau d'introduction (1) dans le dispositif de formatage (7).
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la quantité appliquée de l'additif (19) est contrôlée.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que pour contrôler la quantité appliquée de l'additif (19), une pluralité de conduites (17) de distribution d'additif sont prévues dans l'organe de distribution commun (2), un nombre prédéterminable de conduites (17) de distribution d'additif distribuant l'additif (19) en fonction de la quantité d'additif (19) à appliquer.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'additif (19) est transporté à travers au moins une buse (18) pour être appliqué sur le matériau d'introduction (1), un jet d'additif (20) étant en particulier produit qui est transporté selon un angle de 10° à 60°, en particulier de 20° à 50°, sur le matériau d'introduction (1).
  8. Dispositif pour la fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac, avec un dispositif (7) de transport de matériau pour filtre, le dispositif (7) de transport de matériau pour filtre présentant une section de guidage à travers laquelle un matériau pour filtre (5) est apte à être guidé ou est guidé, un organe de transport commun (2) placé dans la section de guidage étant prévu pour l'introduction d'un matériau d'introduction (1) allongé et continu et d'un additif (19), l'additif (19) étant apte à être appliqué ou étant appliqué sur le matériau d'introduction (1) en aval de la sortie (10) de l'organe de transport (2), caractérisé en ce que l'organe de transport commun (2) est conçu pour transporter à la fois le matériau d'introduction (1) et l'additif (19), l'organe de transport commun (2) étant conçu sous la forme d'un tube comportant des conduites de transport continues (16, 17) pour le matériau d'introduction (1) et l'additif (19).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un convoyeur d'additif (11), au moyen duquel l'additif (19) est apte à être appliqué ou est appliqué sur le matériau d'introduction (1) à une vitesse d'application qui est sensiblement égale ou supérieure à la vitesse de transport du matériau d'introduction (1).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux conduites de distribution (17) pour l'additif (19) sont prévues autour d'une conduite de distribution (16) centrale.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de conduites de distribution (17) sont prévues pour l'additif (19), en particulier il est prévu un nombre pair de conduites de distribution (17).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que des buses (18) orientées selon un angle (α) prédéterminé par rapport au matériau d'introduction (1) sont prévues sur le côté sortie des conduites de distribution (17) pour l'additif (19).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de conduites de distribution (17) transportant l'additif (19) est conçu de manière à pouvoir être mis en circuit ou hors circuit.
EP16150918.7A 2015-02-02 2016-01-12 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac Active EP3050442B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16150918T PL3050442T3 (pl) 2015-02-02 2016-01-12 Sposób i urządzenie do wytwarzania filtrów dla przemysłu przetwórstwa tytoniu

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015201781.8A DE102015201781A1 (de) 2015-02-02 2015-02-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Filtern der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3050442A1 EP3050442A1 (fr) 2016-08-03
EP3050442B1 true EP3050442B1 (fr) 2021-04-28

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EP16150918.7A Active EP3050442B1 (fr) 2015-02-02 2016-01-12 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de filtres de l'industrie de traitement du tabac

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EP (1) EP3050442B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016140358A (fr)
CN (1) CN105831805B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015201781A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3050442T3 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007085830A2 (fr) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Procede
EP2721939A1 (fr) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-23 HAUNI Maschinenbau AG Dispositif de fabrication de filtres avec un arôme pour les produits de l'industrie de traitement du tabac
WO2014102926A1 (fr) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-03 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Machine de fabrication de bâtonnets-filtres et procédé de fabrication de bâtonnets-filtres

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4549875A (en) * 1983-06-02 1985-10-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
US7740019B2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2010-06-22 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Inc. Equipment and associated method for insertion of material into cigarette filters
GB0714530D0 (en) * 2007-07-25 2007-09-05 British American Tobacco Co New apparatus and method
EP2110031A1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-21 Philip Morris Products S.A. Appareil de fabrication de filtres
DE102008024553A1 (de) * 2008-05-21 2009-12-03 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Additiven in einen zur Herstellung eines Rauchartikels vorgesehenen und bereits rundgeformten Strang
GB0905210D0 (en) * 2009-03-26 2009-05-13 British American Tobacco Co Rod for a smoking article and method and apparatus for manufacture
CN202857823U (zh) * 2012-10-10 2013-04-10 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 卷烟滤棒干湿分离加香装置
EP2721938A1 (fr) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-23 HAUNI Maschinenbau AG Dispositif de fabrication de filtres avec un arôme pour les produits de l'industrie de traitement du tabac
DE102013202182A1 (de) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Filtern mit einem Additiv für Produkte der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007085830A2 (fr) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Procede
EP2721939A1 (fr) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-23 HAUNI Maschinenbau AG Dispositif de fabrication de filtres avec un arôme pour les produits de l'industrie de traitement du tabac
WO2014102926A1 (fr) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-03 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Machine de fabrication de bâtonnets-filtres et procédé de fabrication de bâtonnets-filtres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3050442T3 (pl) 2021-11-08
CN105831805B (zh) 2020-09-15
JP2016140358A (ja) 2016-08-08
CN105831805A (zh) 2016-08-10
DE102015201781A1 (de) 2016-08-04
EP3050442A1 (fr) 2016-08-03

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