EP3048212A1 - Coating system with non-woven cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coating system comprising at least one curable component and at least one nonwoven, the nonwoven having channels and the relative open area of the nonwoven fabric caused by the channels being at least 2.5 mm 2 / cm 2. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a coating system in which a first liquid curable component is applied to a surface in a layered form and a nonwoven with channels and an area caused by the channels open area of at least 2.5 mm 2 / cm 2 on the liquid curable component for forming a second layer is applied so that the liquid curable component penetrates the pores and channels of the nonwoven.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a coating system with at least one curable component and a nonwoven, which is suitable for the coating of surfaces for protection against weather-related and mechanical stress.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

External surfaces such as balconies, terraces, loggias and roof terraces are constantly exposed to weather-related stresses such as moisture as well as mechanical loads due to the surface being flooded. To protect them from soiling, flaking and corrosion, these surfaces are often provided with coatings, in particular of plastic.

The plastic coatings should on the one hand seal against moisture and on the other hand be mechanically stable. To increase the mechanical stability of such a sealing or coating system, it is known to provide the coating with a fleece (Vliesarmierung).

Fleece reinforcement increases the mechanical strength of the applied layer. The preparation of such a coating system with Vliesarmierung is known in the art and, for example in the DE 20 2010 000 225 U1 described.

According to the teaching disclosed in this document, the surface to be coated is first prepared, that is, dust or other particles and larger unevenness in the surface are removed. Subsequently, a liquid plastic mass is applied to the surface in the form of a layer. On this liquid plastic layer then a fleece is placed so that it is at least partially saturated with the liquid plastic. Subsequently, a further plastic layer can be applied to the nonwoven.

In the production of such a coating system, in particular during the laying of the nonwoven several problems may occur. On the one hand, the fleece with the liquid plastic is possibly only insufficiently saturated. Furthermore, air bubbles can form under the nonwoven, which have to be removed by lateral squeezing, otherwise they reduce the quality, in particular the stability of the layer. The DE 20 2010 000 225 U1 proposes for this purpose a perforation of the fleece. However, the simple addition of perforation holes does not improve the impregnation of the mat. Finally, a position correction of the nonwoven fabric is difficult, since the nonwoven on the surface of the liquid plastic is difficult to move.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a coating system which overcomes at least one of the disadvantages mentioned.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by a coating system comprising at least one curable component and at least one fleece, wherein the fleece has channels and the relative open area of the fleece caused by the channels is greater than 2.5 mm ² / cm ² .

It has surprisingly been found that the permeability of the nonwoven fabric with the curable component is particularly good when the relative open area created by the channels is at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ² . At the same time, air bubbles which arise during laying of the fleece between the nonwoven and the curable component can quickly escape through these channels in the fleece. The good impregnability is surprising insofar as that a nonwoven fabric has a fibrous and thus porous structure and thus is permeable to air even without channels. In particular, by the the fleece added channels with a relative open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ^2, the air permeability in the dry test is not or only slightly increased compared to a design without channels (see Table 1). Despite virtually unchanged air permeability, the permeability of the nonwoven with curable component, in particular a liquid plastic, as well as the outflow of air bubbles from a relative open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ^{2 is} improved.

It was also surprisingly found that a nonwoven with channels and an open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ^{2 can} be processed better. This could be due to the fact that it can better slide on the surface of the liquid curable component. This makes it easier to position the fleece or the position of the fleece can be corrected with little effort.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a coating system wherein a first liquid curable component is applied to a sheet surface and a web having channels and an open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ² to the liquid curable component Forming a second layer is applied so that the liquid curable component penetrates the pores and channels of the web. By using a fabric having channels and a consequent open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ^2, the nonwoven fabric may be simply placed on the curable component and is completely saturated with application of little or no pressure in a short time. Finally, according to the invention, a surface covering is provided comprising a coating system according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

shows a sequence of photographs showing the nonwoven fabric 3 according to the invention on a liquid PMMA layer (polymethyl methacrylate). The photographs were taken after a) 5 s, b) 15 s, c) 30 s and d) 1 min. During the one-minute test, the nonwoven was not touched after being placed on the liquid plastic layer.

Fig. 2

Fig. 11 shows a sequence of photographs showing nonwoven fabric 2 according to the invention on a liquid PMMA layer. The photographs were taken after a) 5 sec., B) 15 sec., C) 30 sec. And d) 1 min. During the one-minute test, the nonwoven was not touched after being placed on the liquid plastic layer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, a "fleece" is understood to mean a structure of limited length fibers, filaments or cut yarns of any kind and of any origin that are joined together in any way. Excluded is the crossing or entanglement of yarns, as happens in weaving, knitting or knitting. A nonwoven with consolidated fibers is also referred to as a nonwoven fabric. The nonwovens according to the invention are flexible fabrics, that is, they are flexible, their main structural elements are fibers, in particular textile fibers, and they have a comparatively small thickness relative to their length and width.

According to the invention, "pores" of the nonwoven are understood to mean the interstices between the fibers of the nonwoven formed during production.

Under, "channels" or "holes" of the nonwoven fiber interstices are understood in the nonwoven, the tube-like from one surface of the nonwoven to the other rich, so connect openings on the opposite surfaces of the nonwoven together. The channels preferably have an approximately constant cross-section. The channels may allow direct passage of material from one surface of the web to the other.

"Breakthroughs" are understood according to the invention channels that connect the surfaces of the nonwoven by the shortest path with each other and were added in particular after production of the web.

According to the invention, the "maximum tensile force" is defined in accordance with DIN EN 29073-3. Thus, it is the force that is needed to test a 5 cm wide strip until it breaks.

According to the invention, the "maximum tensile strain" is defined in accordance with DIN EN 29073-3. Accordingly, it is the maximum elongation of the web that can be reached before the web breaks.

The "relative open area" refers to the channel area within a normalized area section of the nonwoven surface.

"Impregnation" in the sense of the invention means penetration of the liquid curable component into pores and channels of the nonwoven, so that after curing no air is trapped in the saturated area of the web. An impregnation at a certain percentage X indicates that it still contains (100 - X)% air in the fleece. From a percentage of over 99% saturation, the fleece is considered to be completely soaked.

According to the invention, the term "comprise", other than its literal meaning, also includes the terms "consist essentially of" and "consist of". Thus, items containing "specially-listed" items may include other items besides those items or contain no other items in the sense of "consist of".

It has been found that as the relative open area of the web increases, the permeability and removal of air bubbles increases significantly. From a relative open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ² , the effects mentioned can be detected.

The larger the relative open area, the less must be mechanically applied to the web after applying the nonwoven fabric. From a relative open area of 7 mm ² / cm ² , the permeability and the outflow of air bubbles occurring under the fleece are so good that the fleece can be laid without mechanical action. According to one embodiment of the invention, the relative open area of the nonwoven is at least 4.0 mm ² / cm ² , preferably at least 6.0 mm ² / cm ² , particularly preferably at least 7.0 mm ² / cm ² .

However, the open area of the web is preferably limited in the upward direction in that it must not lead to a deterioration of the mechanical properties of the web.

The relative open area of the perforated nonwoven fabric is thus preferably at most 15 mm ² / cm ² , more preferably at most 10 mm ² / cm ² , particularly preferably at most 8 mm ² / cm ² . Even above a relative open area of 8 mm ² / cm ² , it may lead to a deterioration of the mechanical properties of the web. As a result, the coating system as a whole also less resistant to mechanical stress than a coating system with a fleece without channels. Above a relative open area of 15 mm ² / cm ^2, the mechanical properties of the batt, such as the maximum tensile force deteriorates such that the fleece can still hardly cause a stabilization of the coating system as compared to a coating system without nonwoven.

According to one embodiment, the percentage decrease in the maximum tensile force of the mat caused by the channels is at most 40%, preferably at most 30%, preferably at most 20%.

A decrease in the maximum tensile force of 40% still ensures sufficient mechanical properties of the fleece. The decrease of the maximum tensile strength in the range of less than 20% is hardly reflected in the mechanical properties of the nonwoven. Such a nonwoven thus corresponds in its mechanical properties to an unperforated nonwoven, a nonwoven having a relative open area of approximately zero.

According to a further embodiment, the percentage decrease in the maximum tensile elongation of the nonwoven is at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, particularly preferably at most 15%.

The channels in the fleece can take any shape. That is, it may be round, square, rectangular, slot-shaped channel shapes. Inset: The channels can also have free forms, such as hexagon shapes. Preferred are narrow channels. The size of a channel is defined by its diameter, or equivalent diameter, which is a measure of the size of an irregularly shaped channel. Elongated or slit-shaped channels are described by the maximum extent in two dimensions, for example the length and width of a slot. The size of the channels depends, among other things, on how much the surface is to be loaded. It has been shown that smaller channels with the same relative open area lead to a greater mechanical strength of the nonwoven. That is, the decrease in maximum tensile strength or maximum tensile elongation over a non-perforated nonwoven remains smaller. Round or approximately round irregular or elliptical channels are preferred. According to one embodiment of the coating system according to the invention, the diameter (equivalent diameter) of the channels is in the range from 0.05 to 1.2 mm, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0, 45 mm.

To create the channels of the web, the web can be treated by various methods. Examples are water jet treatment, laser irradiation or punching, and hot spiking. Preference is given to methods which do not lead to any loss of material. In the case of these lossless methods, only the pores or meshes of the fleece are widened by the intervention and the fleece is compacted at other locations. An example of such a method is the water jet treatment.

According to one embodiment of the coating system, the fleece is regularly perforated, that is, it has channels at regular intervals. A regular perforation is called perforation. That is, the channels occur on a line at regular intervals and form so-called perforation rows. The rows of perforations are preferably parallel to each other and parallel to a side edge of the web. Several perforation rows can each have channels at the same height, so that a perforation grid is formed in the nonwoven surface. Alternatively, the channels of the first rows of perforations may occur offset from each other.

According to one embodiment, the channels are stochastically distributed over the surface of the web. It has been shown that a stochastic distribution of the fleece channels ensures greater mechanical stability with the same relative open area. The stochastic distribution counteracts, in particular, a mechanical destabilization of the nonwoven, which can occur in particular in the case of a through a relative open area of greater than 10 mm ² / cm ² .

The coating system may contain one or more nonwovens. Several nonwovens lead to a further increase in the stability of the layer. However, this inevitably increases the layer thickness. The coating system preferably contains a nonwoven. According to one embodiment, the thickness of the nonwoven is in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the web is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. Nonwovens with a thickness of less than 0.3 mm are very expensive to manufacture and usually do not lead to sufficient mechanical strength of the layer system. At a layer thickness of more than 2 mm, the generation of a sufficient impregnation with the liquid curable component is very expensive, under certain circumstances, sufficient saturation before curing can not be achieved. High nonwoven thicknesses also lead to an increased demand for material, in particular the curable component. On the other hand, the greater the thickness, the greater the mechanical stability of the fleece. The required open area is thus dependent on the fleece thickness to be used. A nonwoven thickness in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm is preferred for many applications, as it ensures sufficient mechanical stability and at the same time good impregnability.

The nonwoven used in the coating system according to the invention can be constructed from any possible type of fibers. Known fiber types are mineral fibers such as glass, asbestos, mineral wool, animal fibers such as silk and wool, vegetable fibers such as cotton and chemical fibers. In the case of chemical fibers, fibers are made of natural polymers such as cellulose and fibers of synthetic polymers. The latter are also referred to as plastic fibers according to the invention. Examples of chemical fibers of synthetic polymers are the polyamides PA 6.6 (Nylon®), PA 6.0 (Perlon®), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP) polyethylene (PE), polyimide (PI), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), aramid, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

According to one embodiment of the coating system, the nonwoven comprises plastic fibers selected from the group PA 6.6, PA 6.0, polyester, in particular PET and PBT, PVC, PP, PE PI, PAI, PPS, aramid, PAN, PTFE or combinations thereof. Preferably, nonwoven comprises fibers of a polyester and / or polypropylene. Nonwovens with fibers made of polyester or polypropylene, on the one hand, offer a strong mechanical bond and, in addition, good adhesion to polymerization resin products or liquid plastics. Nonwovens with polypropylene fibers have particularly good mechanical properties. In particular, polyester nonwovens have very good interactions with the polymerization resin products. Particular preference is given to nonwovens made from fibers of polyester and polypropylene. According to one embodiment, the ratio of polyester fibers to polypropylene fibers in the nonwoven, based on the weight of the fibers, is in the range from 70:10 to 95: 5, preferably in the range from 80:20 to 90:10.

For the compounds of the fibers of the nonwoven to a nonwoven fabric, various methods are known in the art. These include mechanical processes such as needling or hydroentanglement, chemical processes such as the addition of binders or thermal processes, e.g. Softening in a suitable gas stream, between heated rolls or in a vapor stream. Preferably, the nonwoven is consolidated by needling to form a nonwoven fabric, i. it is a needled nonwoven.

The basis weight of the nonwoven depends on the thickness, the material and the porosity of the nonwoven. According to one embodiment of the coating system, the basis weight of the nonwoven is in the range of 90 g / m ² to 150 g / m ² . Preferably, the basis weight of the nonwoven is in the range of 100 g / m ² to 130 g / m ² . Particularly preferably, the weight per unit area of the nonwoven is in the range from 105 g / m ² to 120 g / m ² . A nonwoven with a layer thickness in the range of 105 g / m ² to 120 g / m ² has a balanced ratio between layer thickness, impregnability and material consumption of the liquid plastic. In particular, the basis weight of the nonwoven is about 110 g / m ² .

According to the invention, a curable component is understood as meaning a liquid which can harden by a polymerization reaction, in particular by addition of an initiator or hardener.

In one embodiment, the curable component is a curable reaction resin. Reaction resins in the context of the invention are liquid or liquefiable synthetic resins which cure by polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation to form duromers or elastomers. Preferred reaction resins are selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurea, vinyl ester, polyester, epoxy, polyacrylate or styrene-butadiene rubber or mixtures thereof.

The reaction resin may be present as a prepolymer. "Prepolymers" in the context of the invention are oligomeric or already polymeric compounds which are as precursors or intermediates for the synthesis of high molecular weight substances. In a preferred embodiment, the curable component comprises at least one polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA resin) or a polyurethane. Preferably, the curable component is cured by polyaddition or free-radical polymerization.

An inventive coating system will usually consist of at least two layers. A first layer which is disposed on the surface to be coated and consists essentially of the cured curable component. This is the material template or lower sealing layer. Arranged thereon is the nonwoven layer which consists of the nonwoven and the curable component located in the intermediate spaces of the nonwoven, that is to say the pores and channels. The underside of the nonwoven lies on the lower sealing layer. The underside refers to the surface of the fleece which, when placed, directly contacts the curable component of the lower sealing layer. The upper side of the fleece, on the other hand, is the surface which, after laying the fleece, is directed upwards and thus visible.

According to one embodiment, the nonwoven during curing to at least 95%, preferably at least 99% particularly preferably 100% soaked with the curable component. According to another embodiment, only a small amount of air in the form of air bubbles is trapped between the nonwoven layer and the underlying curable component layer. That is, less than 0.3% of the area of the underside of the web is covered by air bubbles. It is preferred that less than 0.1% of the area, more preferably less than 0.05% of the area and in particular no air pockets (0%).

On the upper side of the nonwoven, a further layer of a curable component is preferably arranged. This is the so-called cover layer or upper sealing layer.

The method for producing the coating system essentially comprises the steps of applying a first liquid curable component to a surface to be coated, so that the curable component forms a first layer on the surface, as well as applying a fleece with channels and a resulting relative open surface area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ² on the liquid curable component. The fleece is placed on the curable component with the underside. In this case, the fleece is applied so that it forms a second layer, wherein the liquid curable component penetrates the pores and channels of the fleece on the underside.

Any air bubbles created during application can be removed by exerting pressure on the fleece. For example, it is possible to roll over the nonwoven with a roll or roller. Due to the ease of air bubble leakage and the high level of infiltration of the web, the web can be applied to the curable component with little or no pressure and yet be completely saturated, including the removal of airborne bubble under the web before the curable component is cured ,

The inventive method may include as an optional step, a position correction of the web after placing on the curable component. For this purpose, the fleece is moved after hanging up, for example, by pulling by hand, with the fleece over the surface of the curable component slides. Due to the relative open area of the web, only a small force is necessary for the displacement of the web.

Optionally, the surface to be coated with the coating system may be pretreated prior to application of the curable component. For example, the surface can be cleaned and / or smoothed. Such cleaning involves removal of dust or particles or other contaminants. A smoothing of the surface includes, for example, the grinding of bulges. In addition, mineral subsoil surfaces can be pretreated by grinding, milling or shot peening. For example, metallic surfaces are coated and / or abraded with grease. It is also possible first to apply a primer layer onto which the curable component is then applied.

Furthermore, for the complete embedding of the nonwoven fabric, a second layer of a liquid curable component can be applied to the nonwoven layer. This second layer of a liquid curable component forms the cover layer. For this purpose, a second liquid curable component in layer form is applied to the top of the nonwoven. The second liquid curable component should be compatible with and bind with the first liquid curable component. Particularly preferably, the second curable component is identical to the first curable component. The impregnation of the nonwoven then takes place from the underside of the nonwoven through the template to curable component and from the top of the nonwoven through the cover layer.

The above statements as well as the following description of exemplary embodiments do not represent a waiver of certain embodiments or features.

EXAMPLES example 1

Three different webs were produced and tested for their mechanical properties and air permeability.

The non-woven fabric 1 according to the invention is a needle-punched nonwoven fabric made of polyester and polypropylene fibers.

Starting material for the non-woven fabric 2 according to the invention is non-woven fabric 1. In this non-woven fabric was punched with a punch rows of holes with round channels. The perforation channels have a diameter of 0.8 mm. The relative open area of the nonwoven is 1.95 mm ² / cm ² .

The nonwoven fabric 3 according to the invention is also based on the nonwoven fabric 1. In this case, the nonwoven fabric was perforated by means of water jets. The diameter of the channels created with the water jet was in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, the open area at 7.35 mm ² / cm ² .

1. a) Die Dicke (Einheit [mm]) des Vlieses wurde mit einem Handttaster Käfer JD200 mit einem Druck von p = 1,1 kPa und einer Fläche von A = 19,2 cm² bestimmt.
2. b) Das Flächengewicht (Einheit [g/m²]) wurde mit dem Verfahren gemäß DIN EN 29073 -1 bestimmt. Dazu wurde eine Fläche von 100 cm² rund ausgestanzt.
3. c) Die Höchstzugkraft (Einheit [N/5cm]) wurde mit dem Verfahren nach der Vorschrift DIN EN 29073 - 3 bei einer Einspannlänge von 200 mm, einer Prüfgeschwindigkeit von 200 mm/min und einer Vorkraft von 1,0 N bestimmt.
4. d) Die Höchstzugdehnung (Einheit [%]) wurde mit dem Verfahren nach der Vorschrift DIN EN 29073 - 3 bei einer Einspannlänge von 200 mm, einer Prüfgeschwindigkeit von 200 mm/min und einer Vorkraft von 1,0 N bestimmt.
5. e) Die Luftdurchlässigkeit (Einheit [l/m² s]) wurde mit dem Verfahren nach der Vorschrift DIN EN 9237 (20cm²;-200Pa) bestimmt.

The nonwovens were subjected to various tests:

1. a) The thickness (unit [mm]) of the web was determined with a Beetle JD200 with a pressure of p = 1.1 kPa and an area of A = 19.2 cm ² .
2. b) The basis weight (unit [g / m ² ]) was determined by the method according to DIN EN 29073-1. For this purpose, an area of 100 cm ^{2 was} punched out around.
3. c) The maximum tensile force (unit [N / 5cm]) was determined by the method according to the regulation DIN EN 29073 - 3 with a clamping length of 200 mm, a test speed of 200 mm / min and a pre - load of 1.0 N.
4. d) The maximum tensile strength (unit [%]) was determined by the method according to DIN EN 29073 - 3 with a clamping length of 200 mm, a test speed of 200 mm / min and a pre - load of 1.0 N.
5. e) The air permeability (unit [l / m ² s]) was determined by the method according to the standard DIN EN 9237 (20 cm ² ; -200 Pa).

The results of these tests are summarized in Table 1: <b> Table 1: </ b> Test Results Fleece 1 Fleece 2 Fleece 3 Thickness [mm] 0.7 0.7 0.7 Basis weight [g / cm ² ] 110 110 110 Maximum tensile force [N / 5cm] along 160 130 130 crosswise 250 150 130 Maximum elongation [%] along 65 50 50 crosswise 85 85 85 Air permeability [l / m ² xs] 1350 1250-1500 1250-1500

EXAMPLE 2

From the webs 2 and 3 of Example 1 sections were cut out with a dimension of 25 cm by 10 cm.

A concrete surface was first cleaned and larger bumps were sanded off. In the following step liquid PMMA was applied with a roller on two partial surfaces of the concrete surface of 10 cm by 20 cm. The thickness of the PMMA layers was about 1.5 mm each.

In each case fleece 2 and nonwoven 3 was placed on these liquid plastic layers. Care was taken to ensure that the fleeces lay as smooth as possible and level. Then the impregnation of the web with PMMA was observed.

The FIG. 1 shows the web 3 of the invention at four different times, after a) 5 s, b) 15 s, c) 30 s and d) 1 min. In Fig. 1 a) the fleece structured by the channels is still white in many areas or light gray / white in other areas already darker gray. White areas indicate a lack of saturation and the darker an area of the fleece in the photo, the more saturated it is. After 15 s, ( Fig. 1c ), the fleece in the middle part only a few light gray spots. Only in the corners are consistently white, ie not soaked areas to recognize. After 30 seconds more than 90% of the web is soaked. Only at the corners top right and bottom left white areas are visible. After 1 min (see Fig. 1 d) The non-saturated area at the corners has become a little smaller. More than 95% of the fleece is completely soaked.

The FIG. 2 shows non-woven fabric 2 according to the invention at four different times, after a) 5 s, b) 15 s, c) 30 s and d) 1 min. After 5 seconds most of the fleece 2 is still white, some areas light gray. Dark spots are only visible directly in the holes. After 15 s (see Fig. 2 b) are indeed more dark gray, ie completely saturated areas to recognize. The majority of the fleece, however, is only slightly light gray which stands for a low degree of infiltration. Large areas at the top are still completely white. The degree of saturation is about 50% at the bottom. The picture after 30 s (see Fig. 2c) differs only slightly from that after 15 s. The degree of saturation is about 55% at the bottom. By the end of the experiment, only about 75% saturation is achieved at the bottom (see Fig. 2 d) ,

Claims (19)

A coating system comprising at least one curable component and at least one nonwoven, the nonwoven having channels and the relative open area of the web due to the channels being at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ² . 2. Coating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative open area of the web at least 4.0 mm ² / cm ^2, preferably at least 6.0 mm ² / cm ² and particularly preferably at least 7.0 mm ² / cm. 3. Coating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative open area of the nonwoven fabric is at most 15 mm ² / cm ² , preferably at most 10 mm ² / cm ² and particularly preferably at most 8 mm ² / cm. 4. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the channels in the range of 0.05 to 1.2 mm, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.45 mm. 5. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the fleece in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. 5. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the fibers of the nonwoven, plastic fibers, in particular of a material selected from polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate and polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyphenylene sulfide, aramid, polyacrylonitrile, Polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane or combinations thereof. 6. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fleece is a needle-punched nonwoven fabric. 7. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basis weight of the nonwoven in the range of 70 g / m ² to 150 g / m ² , preferably in the range of 90 g / m ² to 130 g / m ² , in the range from 100 g / m ² to 120 g / m ² . 8. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels of the fleece were produced by a method selected from water jet treatment, laser irradiation, punching and hot-spiking. 9. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is no loss of material when creating the channels. 10. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels of the web have a stochastic distribution. 11. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curable component contains a polymer and cured by polymerization of the polymer. 12. Coating system according to claim 11, characterized in that the polymer cures by radical polymerization or polyaddition. The coating system of claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate resin, rubber, a polyurethane resin, a polyester or epoxide, polyurea, vinyl ester, polyacrylate, and combinations thereof. 14. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curable component soaks through the channels and pores of the fleece. 15. Coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curable component forms a first layer and the nonwoven impregnated with the curable component forms a second layer, wherein the second layer is disposed on the first layer. 16. A method for producing a coating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first liquid curable component is applied to a surface in a layer form and a nonwoven with channels and through the channels-related open area of at least 2.5 mm ² / cm ^{2 is} applied to the liquid curable component to form a second layer such that the liquid curable component soaks through the pores and channels of the web. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, applied to the nonwoven a second liquid curable component in layer form, wherein the second curable component is preferably identical to the first curable component. 18. A surface covering comprising a coating system according to one of claims 1 to 15.

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