EP3011185B1 - Zentrifugalrotor - Google Patents

Zentrifugalrotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3011185B1
EP3011185B1 EP14737288.2A EP14737288A EP3011185B1 EP 3011185 B1 EP3011185 B1 EP 3011185B1 EP 14737288 A EP14737288 A EP 14737288A EP 3011185 B1 EP3011185 B1 EP 3011185B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
centrifugal
centrifugal rotor
longitudinal axis
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14737288.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3011185A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane Sgambati
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cryostar SAS
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Cryostar SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3011185A1 publication Critical patent/EP3011185A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/24—Vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F04D29/2272—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for influencing flow or boundary layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30—Vanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a centrifugal wheel.
  • the technical field of the present invention is that of the compression of fluids, liquids or gases.
  • the invention therefore relates to both pumps and compressors which respectively bring a liquid or a gas, from a given pressure to a higher pressure.
  • a centrifugal wheel is a wheel having an axis of rotation. It is intended to compress a fluid which flows in a direction parallel to its axis of rotation, the compressed fluid leaving the wheel in a radial direction towards the outside.
  • one solution consists in orienting the fluid at the wheel outlet in order to modify the direction of flow.
  • the element used for this purpose is a fixed part called an axial diffuser and which comprises at least one duct for directing the compressed fluid.
  • the downstream end of the conduit that is to say the end opposite the centrifugal wheel, is oriented axially according to the orientation that one wishes to give to the orientation of the compressed fluid.
  • the aim of the axial diffuser is then to cause the fluid exiting the centrifugal wheel to take a bend of approximately 90 ° in order to orient it axially.
  • the document FR-2 874 241 discloses a high efficiency centrifugal impeller using truncated blades with a radial diffuser.
  • the wake of the blade closes in the diffuser and in cooperation with the other wakes of the adjacent blades creates a layered flow that relaxes gradually in the diffuser.
  • This document therefore contains a wheel incorporating a diffuser.
  • the very thick blades are located in the lower part of the wheel.
  • the document US-1,447,916 illustrates another embodiment of a wheel incorporating a diffuser.
  • the latter may be in one piece with the part of the wheel comprising blades or else be a separate part secured to the part of the wheel comprising blades. It should be noted in all the figures that the illustrated blades extend only over a part of the device (corresponding to the centrifugal wheel) and not as far as the peripheral outlet of the device and that the part corresponding to the centrifugal wheel has a perfectly radial outlet upstream of the diffuser.
  • a technical problem encountered with such a structure is that it is a source of pressure drops for the compressed fluid. It is in fact known that a fluid, when it flows, undergoes pressure drops which depend on the duct in which it is located and in particular on the changes of direction that it undergoes.
  • An aim of the present invention is thus, for a given compression stage, comprising a centrifugal wheel and an axial diffuser, to increase the performance of this stage, that is to say, for example, for a given power, to obtain a rate higher compression or, for a given compression, be able to limit the mechanical power necessary to exert on the wheel to make it turn.
  • the first flange near the peripheral outlet, has a concave zone oriented towards the channels while the second flange has for its part a convex zone oriented towards the channels.
  • the passage from a radial flow within the centrifugal wheel to an axial flow in the diffuser downstream of the wheel is achieved less abruptly, making it possible to limit the pressure losses when the fluid changes orientation.
  • the first flange and the second flange advantageously have a shape of revolution around the longitudinal axis.
  • the blades For better guiding of the fluid in a centrifugal wheel according to the invention, provision is advantageously made for the blades to extend to the outer peripheral edge of the first flange and / or of the second flange.
  • the first flange advantageously has an outer peripheral edge adjacent to the channels of diameter greater than that of an outer peripheral edge adjacent to the channels of the second flange.
  • the speed is thus higher. This is preferable because the path to be taken outside of a turn is larger than that inside a turn. In this way, a more homogeneous speed distribution is promoted when the fluid then moves in an essentially longitudinal direction.
  • the present invention furthermore also relates to a centrifugal compressor and / or a centrifugal pump which comprises a centrifugal impeller as described above.
  • centrifugal wheel 2 mounted inside a body 4, for example a compressor body, and on a shaft 6 which has a longitudinal axis 8.
  • a body 4 for example a compressor body
  • a shaft 6 which has a longitudinal axis 8.
  • the following description will be given with reference to a compressor working with air (or more generally gaseous fluids) but the present invention can also be applied to pumps intended for liquids.
  • the centrifugal wheel 2 is made in one piece and comprises a hub 10, a first flange or upstream flange 12, a second flange or downstream flange 14 and vanes 16.
  • the hub 10 enables a connection to be made between the shaft 6 and the centrifugal wheel 2. It has an overall tubular circular cylindrical shape and is provided with means allowing it to be made integral with the shaft 6. It is thus conventionally possible, for example, to provide a longitudinal groove in the hub 10 and in the shaft 6 to receive a longitudinal key or else splines or any other type of connection.
  • the downstream flange 14 is connected directly to the hub 10 and extends radially with respect to the longitudinal axis 8.
  • the upstream / downstream orientation is defined with respect to the direction of air circulation in the centrifugal wheel 2.
  • the air is sucked on the right of the wheel then moves longitudinally to the left before being entrained in a radial direction to be finally oriented, after leaving the centrifugal wheel 2 in one direction longitudinal again to the left of the figure.
  • the upstream elements are arranged to the right of the downstream elements in the figures.
  • the upstream flange 12 faces the downstream flange 14 and is connected to the latter by the vanes 16 thus defining channels for the air between the two flanges.
  • the air is thus conducted between the internal faces of the flanges and the vanes in a centrifugal radial manner.
  • the upstream flange 12 does not extend to the hub 10 but remains at a distance from the latter. It has a front sealing bearing 18 facing the hub 10. Towards the inside of the centrifugal wheel 2, the front sealing bearing 18 defines with the hub 10 an inlet chamber 20 with an annular opening 22 upstream of the inlet chamber 20. Towards the outside, the bearing front seal 18 is machined to allow sealing of the rotating centrifugal wheel 2 in the body 4. For example, a seal is used, such as for example a labyrinth ring 24, as an interface between the centrifugal wheel 2 and the body 4. As can be seen in the figures, the centrifugal wheel 2 also comprises on the downstream side another sealing bearing 18, or rear sealing bearing, which extends from the downstream flange 14 and receives another labyrinth ring 24.
  • the channels leading the air between the upstream flange 12 and the downstream flange 14 each have an outlet 26 ( figure 1 ) oriented radially at the level of the largest diameter of the flanges.
  • the air then enters a diffuser 28 in which it is guided so as to have an air flow that is no longer radial but longitudinal.
  • Channels 30 in the diffuser 28 further make it possible to transform the helical movement of the air flow into a substantially straight movement.
  • the figures 2 and 4 illustrate a first embodiment of a centrifugal wheel according to the present invention.
  • the overall structure is substantially the same on the figure 1 and on figures 2 to 4 . Therefore, we use on figures 2 to 4 the references of the figure 1 to designate similar items.
  • a centrifugal wheel 2 mounted in rotation in a body 4 around a shaft 6 of longitudinal axis 8, the sealing of the centrifugal wheel 2 relative to the body 4 being ensured in particular by sealing bearings 18 cooperating with labyrinth rings 24 (or other type of seal).
  • a hub 10 allows a connection between the wheel and the shaft 6, for example by means of a key not shown.
  • the centrifugal wheel 2 also comprises an upstream flange 12 and a downstream flange 14 interconnected by vanes 16.
  • the upstream flange 12 has a sealing bearing 18 which defines with the hub 10 an inlet chamber 20 for opening. 22 ring finger.
  • air or any other fluid
  • air is drawn in through the opening 22 (longitudinal suction) to be compressed in a helico-centrifugal movement and then to be at again oriented longitudinally within a diffuser 28 possibly provided with channels.
  • the present invention proposes to provide at the outlet of the centrifugal wheel an air flow (or other fluid) having an improved speed vector for enter the longitudinal diffuser.
  • an air flow or other fluid
  • the inner face of the upstream flange 12 and the face of the downstream flange 14 are substantially flat (and slightly converging)
  • the inner face of the upstream flange 12 has a concave area 32 near the outlet 26 and the inner face of the flange downstream 14 has, near the outlet 26, facing the concave zone 32, a convex zone 34.
  • this surface will be substantially conical (axis cone the longitudinal axis 8) and forms with a radial plane illustrated by a dashed line an angle ⁇ .
  • this angle is about 15 ° and it is about 30 ° in the embodiment of the figure 3 .
  • this angle will be between 10 ° and 45 °. In the centrifugal wheels of the prior art, as illustrated by figure 1 , this angle is substantially zero.
  • the figure 4 clearly illustrates that the vanes 16 extend into the convex zone 34 of the downstream flange 14. Of course, they extend in a similar manner as far as the concave zone 32 of the upstream flange 12.
  • the blades 16 extend to the peripheral edge of the upstream flange 12 and the downstream flange 14, that is to say up to the outlets 26 of the wheel.
  • the shape of the centrifugal wheel according to the present invention thus allows a more gradual passage from a radial air flow to a longitudinal flow.
  • the distribution of the fluid speeds through a passage section of the diffuser is more homogeneous and more regular.
  • the pressure losses are thus limited and a gain in terms of efficiency is thus obtained both when the fluid passes from an essentially radial flow to an axial flow and during its flow in the axial diffuser.
  • the channels in the centrifugal wheel 2 have a passage in which the flow is substantially radial.
  • the inner faces of the upstream flange and of the downstream flange each have an inversion of curvature.
  • the inner face of the upstream flange 12 has a convex zone near the inlet chamber 20 then moving away from the hub 10 after an inflection zone, said inner face has a concave zone as described above.
  • the inner face of the downstream flange 14 has a concave area near the inlet chamber 20 then moving away from the hub 10 after an inflection area, said inner face has a convex area as described above.
  • the trajectory of the fluid in the channels defined by the flanges and the vanes within the centrifugal wheel 2 thus exhibits an inflection.
  • the vanes 16 extend into the curved area (that is to say up to the concave area of the inner face of the upstream flange and up to the convex area of the inner face of the downstream flange) and guide the fluid preferably to the outlet 26.
  • the vanes 16 are therefore also curved. They preferably extend from the inlet chamber 20 to the line H and to the line S, or for example to the proximity of these lines (less than 10 mm from these lines).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Zentrifugalrotor (2) umfassend:
    - eine Nabe (10) mit einer Längsachse (8),
    - einen Flüssigkeitseinlass (20),
    - einen ersten Flansch, der als stromaufwärtiger Flansch (12) bezeichnet wird und eine Öffnung (22) um die Nabe (10) aufweist,
    - einen zweiten Flansch, der als stromabwärtiger Flansch (14) bezeichnet wird und durch Schaufeln (16) vom ersten Flansch getrennt ist, wodurch Kanäle gebildet werden, die jeweils durch den ersten Flansch (12), den zweiten Flansch (14) und zwei Schaufeln (16) begrenzt sind und die sich von dem Flüssigkeitseinlass (20) zu einem umfangsseitigen Auslass (26) erstrecken, in dessen Nähe der erste Flansch (12) einen konkaven Bereich (32) aufweist, der zu den Kanälen ausgerichtet ist, während der zweite Flansch (14) einen konvexen Bereich (34) aufweist, der zu den Kanälen ausgerichtet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an dem konkaven Bereich des ersten Flansches (12) am Auslass des Kanals tangentiale Oberfläche einen Winkel zwischen 1° und 45° mit einer radialen Ebene senkrecht zur Längsachse (8) bildet.
  2. Zentrifugalrotor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Flansch (12) und der zweite Flansch (14) eine Umlaufform um die Längsachse aufweisen.
  3. Zentrifugalrotor nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an dem konkaven Bereich des ersten Flansches am Auslass des Kanals tangentiale Oberfläche (36) einen Winkel zwischen 10° und 30° mit einer radialen Ebene senkrecht zur Längsachse bildet.
  4. Zentrifugalrotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an dem konvexen Bereich (34) des zweiten Flansches (14) am Auslass des Kanals tangentiale Oberfläche (36) einen Winkel zwischen 1° und 45° mit einer radialen Ebene senkrecht zur Längsachse (8) bildet.
  5. Zentrifugalrotor nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an dem konvexen Bereich (34) des zweiten Flansches (14) am Auslass des Kanals tangentiale Oberfläche (36) einen Winkel zwischen 10° und 30° mit einer radialen Ebene senkrecht zur Längsachse (8) bildet.
  6. Zentrifugalrotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaufeln (16) sich bis zur äußeren Umfangskante (H, S) des ersten Flansches (12) und/oder des zweiten Flansches (14) erstrecken.
  7. Zentrifugalrotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Flansch (12) eine äußere Umfangskante (S) neben den Kanälen mit einem Durchmesser (RS), der größer als derjenige (RH) einer äußeren Umfangskante (H) neben den Kanälen des zweiten Flansches (14) ist, aufweist.
  8. Zentrifugalkompressor, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Zentrifugalrotor (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 umfasst.
  9. Zentrifugalpumpe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Zentrifugalrotor (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 umfasst.
EP14737288.2A 2013-06-18 2014-06-18 Zentrifugalrotor Active EP3011185B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355696A FR3007086B1 (fr) 2013-06-18 2013-06-18 Roue centrifuge
PCT/FR2014/051512 WO2014202903A1 (fr) 2013-06-18 2014-06-18 Roue centrifuge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3011185A1 EP3011185A1 (de) 2016-04-27
EP3011185B1 true EP3011185B1 (de) 2020-11-04

Family

ID=48980150

Family Applications (1)

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EP14737288.2A Active EP3011185B1 (de) 2013-06-18 2014-06-18 Zentrifugalrotor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20160146215A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3011185B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2016522357A (de)
KR (1) KR20160021229A (de)
CN (1) CN105518307A (de)
CA (1) CA2915720C (de)
FR (1) FR3007086B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2015154050A (de)
WO (1) WO2014202903A1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2944060B1 (fr) * 2009-04-06 2013-07-19 Turbomeca Systeme d'air secondaire pour compresseur centrifuge ou mixte
JP5705945B1 (ja) * 2013-10-28 2015-04-22 ミネベア株式会社 遠心式ファン
DE102013018286A1 (de) * 2013-10-31 2015-04-30 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Radialverdichter
US10533568B2 (en) * 2017-10-30 2020-01-14 Daikin Applied Americas Inc. Centrifugal compressor with seal bearing
WO2020152748A1 (ja) * 2019-01-21 2020-07-30 三菱電機株式会社 送風機、室内機および空気調和機

Citations (2)

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JPS59111989U (ja) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-28 松下電器産業株式会社 軸方向空隙型モ−タポンプ
RU2197644C1 (ru) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" Рабочее колесо центробежного насоса

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JPS59111989U (ja) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-28 松下電器産業株式会社 軸方向空隙型モ−タポンプ
RU2197644C1 (ru) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" Рабочее колесо центробежного насоса

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2015154050A (ru) 2017-07-19
JP2016522357A (ja) 2016-07-28
CA2915720A1 (en) 2014-12-24
RU2019113490A (ru) 2019-06-04
FR3007086A1 (fr) 2014-12-19
KR20160021229A (ko) 2016-02-24
CN105518307A (zh) 2016-04-20
US20160146215A1 (en) 2016-05-26
RU2019113490A3 (de) 2022-01-14
WO2014202903A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
EP3011185A1 (de) 2016-04-27
FR3007086B1 (fr) 2015-07-03
CA2915720C (en) 2021-09-07

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