EP3633205B1 - Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads - Google Patents

Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3633205B1
EP3633205B1 EP19201286.2A EP19201286A EP3633205B1 EP 3633205 B1 EP3633205 B1 EP 3633205B1 EP 19201286 A EP19201286 A EP 19201286A EP 3633205 B1 EP3633205 B1 EP 3633205B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
wheel
impeller
hub
shape
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19201286.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3633205A1 (de
Inventor
Joël Ballu
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/20—Mounting rotors on shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/34—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/04—Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/043—Shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/34—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts
    • B63H2023/346—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts comprising hollow shaft members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/026—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/60—Shafts
    • F05D2240/61—Hollow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for driving a pump wheel.
  • a pump consists of a mobile unit, that is to say a wheel or propeller, attached to a shaft which drives the wheel; the mobile assembly rotates in the body of the pump which constitutes a space of revolution around the axis of the shaft.
  • the fluid passes through the small diameter of the impeller and exits through the large diameter; at its exit from the wheel, the fluid is delivered at a higher pressure than at its inlet.
  • the wheel consists of a set of blades, regularly located on a frustoconical type shape called a hub.
  • Two successive vanes of a wheel and the portion of the hub located between these two vanes, as well as the portion of the pump body located between these two vanes, constitute a channel: three sides of this channel (the two vanes and their hub) are mobile, and driven by the tree. The fourth side, part of the pump body, is fixed.
  • the wheel therefore has as many channels as there are blades.
  • the rotation of the moving assembly has the effect of raising the pressure of the fluid.
  • the pump Downstream of the impeller in the direction of the fluid flow, the pump comprises a rectifier.
  • a straightener consists of a set of blades regularly spaced in a space of revolution around the axis of the shaft; the blades are located on a hub, or 'bulb'.
  • Two successive blades of a rectifier and the portion of the hub located between these two blades, as well as the portion of the outer casing located between these two blades, constitute a channel. All of these are fixed.
  • the rectifier has as many channels as there are blades.
  • this set of parts namely the pump body, impeller, shaft, and rectifier are metallic and heavy.
  • the shaft carries at its opposite end a cake which allows it to be connected to the motor, the latter carrying a counter-cake perfectly opposite (male female assembly) to the cake carried by the shaft.
  • connection between the shaft and the cake is in all points similar to the connection between the shaft and the wheel.
  • each shaft very generally end in a thread allowing a nut to exert a tightening pressure between the male cones of the shaft, and the female cones of the wheel or of the cake: these nuts prevent the female cones from separating from the male cones.
  • the wheels are:
  • the communication of energy by the pump to the fluid takes place by moving each fluid particle away from the axis of revolution of the pump. This distance is produced by the combined effect of the hub and the blades, limited on the outside by the shape of the cage in which the wheel rotates.
  • the wheels have a truncated cone on which the blades are located; they comprise a second, cylindrical hub, with a diameter of the order of one to two times the diameter of the drive shaft, in which the cone, or the cylinder, intended to receive the shaft of the drive shaft is machined. 'coaching.
  • the frustoconical hub, the vanes located on the frustoconical hub and the cylindrical hub for coupling to the shaft are produced in a single casting.
  • the cylindrical hub transmits the torque from the motor to the frustoconical hub; the frustoconical hub transmits its rotational movements to the blades.
  • the blades transmit to the frustoconical hub the hydrodynamic forces created on the blades, which frustoconical hub transmits a torque and a thrust to the cylindrical hub which transmits this torque and this thrust to the shaft.
  • the frustoconical hub of the impeller Downstream of the impeller in the direction of flow, the frustoconical hub of the impeller is extended by the bulb of the rectifier, the hub on which the fixed vanes of the rectifier are located.
  • the shapes of the outer casing and of the bulb are combined so that the fluid leaving the wheel is very gradually accelerated until it leaves the rectifier.
  • the outer casing, the vanes and the bulb are made in a single piece of foundry.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks with a completely innovative approach.
  • the present invention relates to a system for driving a pump wheel, remarkable in that it comprises a wheel, a drive motor and a shaft, the shaft is formed of a hollow cylindrical tube. , of circular section and comprises two ends, one of the two ends comprises a flare in the form of a trumpet bell, the other remaining cylindrical to be connected to the drive motor, said wheel has a surface suitable for being implanted on said flaring integrally, the wheel comprising a hub the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the trumpet flag of the shaft.
  • shafts are very generally solid, whereas the forces to which they are subjected, torsion and buckling, do not require any material in the vicinity of their axis.
  • the shaft is therefore very advantageously hollow.
  • a pump shaft when it transmits torsional forces, does not need any material in the immediate vicinity of its axis of rotation.
  • a pump shaft when it transmits thrust forces, does not need any material in the immediate vicinity of its axis of rotation to cope with buckling, instability linked to its length and to the inertia of its cross section in bending.
  • the invention is based on the fact that wheel and shaft are definitively assembled (integral) and can no longer be uncoupled, which constitutes a new approach without being a drawback.
  • the invention is advantageously implemented according to the embodiments and the variants set out below, which are to be considered individually or according to any technically operative combination.
  • the end of the shaft connected to the drive motor is plugged.
  • the shaft is made of a composite material.
  • a composite material is referred to here as any material comprising an assembly of at least two immiscible components (but having a high penetration capacity), the properties of which complement each other.
  • the shaft is made of a thermoplastic material.
  • Thermoplastic material is referred to here as any material comprising a certain percentage of thermoplastic material constituting a matrix, whether it is a material consisting only of thermoplastic material or for example of a composite material such as those with continuous fibers and with a matrix. thermoplastic.
  • the wheel is made of a composite material.
  • the weight is 2.9 kg while for the same dimensions for a shaft and a metal wheel, the weight is close to 30 kg. Changing the material leads to a weight saving close to 10 times the metal version.
  • Hollow metal shafts are already well known, but their machining cannot be considered physically and is only financially accessible for shafts of at least 100 mm in diameter.
  • the wheel comprises a hub, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the trumpet horn of the shaft, the assembly of the wheel on the shaft is effected by gluing at the level of the contact surface of the shaft. Flaring shaft and trumpet pavilion shape of the wheel hub.
  • the assembly by gluing the wheel on the shape of the trumpet horn of the shaft allows the elimination of the frustoconical hub of the wheel, that is to say a new elimination of material.
  • the shaft and the wheel each have at least one through hole facing each other and filled with glue.
  • the end opposite the flaring of the shaft is connected to a drive shaft by clamping, said clamping being adapted to drive the shaft in rotation.
  • the shaft has through holes adapted to allow a fluid to pass.
  • the hollow shaft makes it possible to circulate a fluid, for purposes of refrigeration, or of lubrication, because the flare, open at its rear end, is subjected to the high pressure produced by the rotation of the wheel, and the tree skin (outer surface), opened by holes drilled in its front part is subjected to the low pressure which prevails in the fluid inlet.
  • the wheel comprises blades interconnected by an outer casing called a belt.
  • the figure 1 shows the assembly of a wheel 21 and a shaft 20.
  • the shaft 20 is hollow and is formed of a tube of circular cylindrical shape.
  • the hollow shaft 20 has two ends, one of which has a flare in the form of a trumpet bell.
  • the wheel 21 is fixedly installed on the flare.
  • the trumpet horn made of fiber of composite materials, receives by gluing the wheel 21 which is made of a composite material.
  • the wheel 21 is made of another material.
  • the contact surface of the wheel 21 with the flaring of the shaft 20 in the form of a trumpet bell is perfectly compatible with the latter.
  • Shaft 20 is driven by tightening its smooth end (side opposite to the flaring), the end connected to a motor shaft, not shown.
  • the figure 2 shows a front view in which is visible in dotted lines the hollow shape of the shaft 20.
  • the shaft is hollow from one end to the other.
  • the opening of the hollow goes from one end to the other.
  • the thickness of the skin of the shaft is constant from one end to the other of the circular cylindrical part of the shaft 20.
  • the thickness of the shaft of the trumpet-shaped part is reduced to as one approaches the largest diameter of the trumpet horn.
  • the figure 3 shows a perspective view of the hollow shaft 20 of the figure 2 .
  • the figures 4 and 5 show the frustoconical hub of a wheel 21 having a belt as in figure 1 .
  • a closed-type wheel 21 carries an outer casing called a belt, connecting the ends of the blades to each other.
  • a wheel 21 therefore consists of as many channels closed on four sides as there are blades.
  • the tightness of a wheel 21 of the open type between the lower surface 22 and the upper surface 23 of the blades is obtained by a perfect fit between each blade and the outer casing, throughout the rotation of the wheel 21: this gap between the intrados 22 and extrados 23 causes a flow of leakage throughout the quasi contact.
  • the leakage length is proportional to the number of blades of the wheel 21 and to the length of the quasi contact between the blade and the casing.
  • a wheel 21 of the closed type being completely sealed between the lower surface 22 and the upper surface 23, the sealing between the high pressure at the outlet of the wheel 21 and the low pressure at the inlet of the wheel 21 is effected by the gap between the part front of the belt and the outer casing in which the wheel turns 21.
  • the trailing length is equal to the circumference of the belt.
  • a wheel 21 of the closed type has a higher mass inertia than a wheel 21 of the open type, due to the belt, which causes a lowering of the natural frequencies of rotation and bending of the shaft 20.
  • the front part of the belt which seals between the high pressure prevailing between the belt and the inside of the pump body, and the low pressure prevailing upstream of the wheel 21 has a cylindrical shape, the outside diameter of which is very close to the internal diameter of a cylindrical zone belonging to the body of the pump.
  • the cylindrical shape of the front part of the belt which prevails over a width of the order of 5% to 25% of the diameter of this cylinder, is called belt tread.
  • the cylindrical shape of the pump body not visible, facing the tread of the belt, and which has the same width, is called the tread of the pump body.
  • the hub of the wheel 21 has a shape of the frustoconical type perfectly matched with the shape of the trumpet mentioned above and allows the wheel 21 to be fixed on the trumpet.
  • the production of the wheel 21 is carried out in composite materials (instead of foundry of metallic materials), leading to considerable weight reduction, of the order of 8 to 10 times; their execution in composite materials on molds offers a great similarity of the channels to each other, by an identical geometry for each, essentially avoiding balancing operations.
  • a mobile unit must be held at its two ends in the two transverse directions and at any point in its third direction, that is to say along the axis of rotation of the unit.
  • the maintenance in the third direction that is to say the prohibition of any translation of the moving assembly along its own axis, in one direction or the other, is provided by a stop integrated into the conventional ball bearing .
  • the maintenance in the third direction that is to say the prohibition of any translation of the moving assembly along its own axis, in one direction or the other, is provided by a stop positioned at one end of the 'tree 20.
  • the figures 6 and 7 show an open type impeller 21 having blades.
  • the figures 8 and 9 show in cross section the belt tread of the wheel 21 and the tread of the pump housing 24.
  • the figure 8 shows in static, when the wheel 21 is not turning.
  • the figure 9 shows dynamically when the wheel 21 turns.
  • the arrow indicates the direction of rotation.
  • the fluid level is 4 to 10x10 -4 m, i.e. between 1 and 2/1000 th of the inlet diameter of wheel 21.
  • radial clearance is used to denote the difference between the radius of the tread of the pump body and the radius of the tread of the wheel 21.
  • the figure 10 shows in section the shaft 20 terminated by its trumpet, a wheel 21 with a belt and the body of the pump 24.
  • the figure 11 shows shaft 20 and through holes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Antriebssystem eines Pumpenlaufrads (21), aufweisend ein Laufrad (21), einen Antriebsmotor und eine Welle (20), wobei die Welle (20) von einem hohlen zylindrischen Rohr mit rundem Querschnitt gebildet ist und zwei Enden umfasst, wobei das eine der zwei Enden eine Erweiterung in Form eines Trompetentrichters aufweist, wobei das andere zylindrisch für eine Verbindung mit dem Antriebsmotor bleibt, wobei das System dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Laufrad (21) eine Fläche aufweist, die zum fest verbundenen Ansetzen auf der Erweiterung geeignet ist, wobei das Laufrad (21) eine Nabe aufweist, deren Form der Trompetentrichterform der Welle (20) entspricht.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das mit dem Antriebsmotor verbundene Ende der Welle (20) verstopft ist.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Welle (20) aus Verbundmaterial besteht.
  4. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Laufrad (21) aus Verbundmaterial besteht.
  5. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Montage des Laufrads (21) auf der Welle (20) durch Kleben im Bereich der Kontaktfläche der Erweiterung der Welle (20) und der Trompetentrichterform der Nabe des Laufrads (21) durchgeführt wird.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, wobei im Bereich der Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Trompetentrichter der Welle (20) und dem Laufrad (21) jeweils die Welle und das Laufrad mindestens ein gegenüberliegendes, mit Kleber gefülltes Durchgangsloch aufweisen.
  7. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das entgegengesetzte Ende mit einer Motorwelle durch Spannen verbunden ist, wobei das Spannen geeignet ist, die Welle (20) rotatorisch anzutreiben.
  8. System nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Welle (20) Durchgangslöcher aufweist, die geeignet sind, ein Fluid hindurchzulassen.
  9. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Laufrad (21) Schaufeln aufweist, die durch einen als Gürtel bezeichneten äußeren Mantel miteinander verbunden sind.
EP19201286.2A 2018-10-03 2019-10-03 Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads Active EP3633205B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1871119A FR3086981B1 (fr) 2018-10-03 2018-10-03 Systeme d’entrainement d’une roue de pompe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3633205A1 EP3633205A1 (de) 2020-04-08
EP3633205B1 true EP3633205B1 (de) 2021-10-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19201286.2A Active EP3633205B1 (de) 2018-10-03 2019-10-03 Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3633205B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3086981B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE387791C (de) * 1921-03-10 1924-01-04 Hans Wiedemann Durch Unterdruckerzeugung wirkender Schiffstreiber
FR1074689A (fr) * 1951-12-14 1954-10-07 Self Priming Pump & Eng Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés à la réalisation de pompes centrifuges
SE519109C2 (sv) * 2000-06-07 2003-01-14 Rolls Royce Ab Drivsystem för drivning av fartyg

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3086981B1 (fr) 2021-07-30
FR3086981A1 (fr) 2020-04-10
EP3633205A1 (de) 2020-04-08

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