EP3633205A1 - Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads - Google Patents

Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3633205A1
EP3633205A1 EP19201286.2A EP19201286A EP3633205A1 EP 3633205 A1 EP3633205 A1 EP 3633205A1 EP 19201286 A EP19201286 A EP 19201286A EP 3633205 A1 EP3633205 A1 EP 3633205A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
shaft
hub
shape
flare
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19201286.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3633205B1 (de
Inventor
Joël Ballu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3633205A1 publication Critical patent/EP3633205A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3633205B1 publication Critical patent/EP3633205B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/20—Mounting rotors on shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/34—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/04—Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/043—Shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/34—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts
    • B63H2023/346—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts comprising hollow shaft members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/026—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/60—Shafts
    • F05D2240/61—Hollow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drive system for a pump wheel.
  • a pump is made up of a mobile assembly, that is to say a wheel or propeller, subject to a shaft which drives the wheel; the moving element rotates in the pump body which constitutes a space of revolution around the axis of the shaft.
  • the fluid passes through the small diameter of the wheel and exits through the large diameter; at its exit from the wheel, the fluid is delivered at a higher pressure than at its entry.
  • the wheel consists of a set of blades, regularly implanted on a frustoconical type called hub.
  • Two successive blades of a wheel and the portion of the hub located between these two blades, as well as the portion of the pump body located between these two blades, constitute a channel: three sides of this channel (the two blades and their hub) are mobile, and driven by the tree. The fourth side, part of the pump body, is fixed.
  • the wheel therefore has as many channels as there are blades.
  • the rotation of the moving element has the effect of raising the pressure of the fluid.
  • the pump Downstream of the impeller in the direction of fluid flow, the pump includes a rectifier.
  • a straightener consists of a set of vanes regularly spaced in a space of revolution around the axis of the shaft; the blades are located on a hub, or 'bulb'.
  • Two successive blades of a rectifier and the portion of the hub located between these two blades, as well as the portion of the outer casing located between these two blades, constitute a channel. All of these are fixed.
  • the rectifier has as many channels as there are blades.
  • the fluid On leaving the rectifier, the fluid, which has been 'screwed' during its travel in the wheel, is 'unscrewed' during its travel in the rectifier, so that it is ultimately 'quiet', that is to say in a slightly disturbed state (homogeneity of the speed vector in a cross section).
  • this set of parts namely the pump body, the impeller, the shaft, and the rectifier are metallic and heavy.
  • the shaft carries at its opposite end a cake which allows it to be connected to the motor, the latter carrying a counter cake perfectly opposite (male female assembly) to the cake carried by the shaft.
  • connection between the shaft and the oil cake is in all respects similar to the connection between the shaft and the wheel.
  • each shaft very generally end in a thread allowing a nut to exert a clamping pressure between the male cones of the shaft, and the female cones of the wheel or oil cake: these nuts prevent the female cones from breaking away from the male cones.
  • the wheels are:
  • the communication of energy by the pump to the fluid takes place by a distance of each fluid particle from the axis of revolution of the pump. This distance is produced by the combined effect of the hub and the vanes, limited to the outside by the shape of the cage in which the wheel turns.
  • the wheels have a truncated cone on which the blades are located; they comprise a second hub, cylindrical, with a diameter of the order of one to two times the diameter of the drive shaft, in which the cone, or the cylinder, is machined, intended to receive the shaft d 'training.
  • the tapered hub, the vanes located on the tapered hub and the cylindrical shaft coupling hub are made in one piece of casting.
  • the cylindrical hub transmits the torque from the engine to the tapered hub; the frustoconical hub transmits its rotational movements to the blades.
  • the blades transmit to the tapered hub the hydrodynamic forces created on the blades, which tapered hub transmits a torque and a thrust to the cylindrical hub which transmits this torque and this thrust to the shaft.
  • the rectifiers are The rectifiers:
  • the frustoconical hub of the wheel Downstream of the wheel in the direction of flow, the frustoconical hub of the wheel is extended by the rectifier bulb, hub on which the fixed vanes of the rectifier are located.
  • the shapes of the outer casing and of the bulb are combined so that the fluid leaving the wheel is very gradually accelerated until it leaves the rectifier.
  • the outer casing, the blades and the bulb are made in one piece of casting.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks with a completely innovative approach.
  • the present invention relates to a drive system for a pump wheel, remarkable in that it comprises a wheel, a drive motor and a shaft, the shaft is formed from a hollow cylindrical tube , of circular section and comprises two ends, one of the two ends comprises a flare in the shape of a trumpet horn, the other remaining cylindrical to be connected to the drive motor, said wheel comprises a surface suitable for being installed on said flaring and integrally, the wheel has a hub whose shape corresponds to the shape of the trumpet horn of the shaft.
  • the trees are very generally full, while the forces to which they are subjected, torsion and buckling, require no material in the vicinity of their axis.
  • the tree is therefore very advantageously hollow.
  • a pump shaft when it transmits torsional forces, needs no material in the immediate vicinity of its axis of rotation.
  • a pump shaft when it transmits thrust forces, needs no material in the immediate vicinity of its axis of rotation to cope with buckling, instability linked to its length and the inertia of its cross section in bending.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the wheel and shaft are permanently assembled (integral) and can no longer be uncoupled, which constitutes a new approach without being a drawback.
  • the invention is advantageously implemented according to the embodiments and the variants set out below, which are to be considered individually or according to any technically operative combination.
  • the end of the shaft connected to the drive motor is blocked.
  • the tree is made of composite material.
  • composite material is here used to mean any material comprising an assembly of at least two immiscible components (but having a high penetration capacity) whose properties complement each other.
  • the shaft is made of thermoplastic material.
  • thermoplastic material any material comprising a certain percentage of thermoplastic material constituting a matrix, whether it is a material consisting only of thermoplastic material or for example of a composite material such as those with continuous fibers and with matrix thermoplastic.
  • the wheel is made of composite material.
  • the weight is 2.9 kg while for the same dimensions for a shaft and a metal wheel, the weight is close to 30 kg.
  • the fact of changing the material leads to a weight gain close to 10 times the metallic version.
  • Hollow metal shafts are already well known, but their machining cannot be envisaged physically and is only accessible financially for trees at least 100 mm in diameter.
  • the wheel has a hub whose shape corresponds to the shape of the trumpet horn of the shaft, the assembly of the wheel on the shaft is carried out by gluing at the contact surface of the flare of the shaft and of the trumpet horn shape of the wheel hub.
  • the assembly of the gluing of the wheel on the shape of the trumpet horn of the shaft allows the removal of the frustoconical hub of the wheel, that is to say a new removal of material.
  • the direct assembly of the wheel on the trumpet does not lead to any additional mass, other than a film of glue.
  • the shaft and the wheel each have at least one through hole opposite and filled with glue.
  • the end opposite to the flaring of the shaft is connected to a motor shaft by tightening, said tightening being adapted to drive the shaft in rotation.
  • the shaft has through holes adapted to allow a fluid to pass.
  • the hollow shaft makes it possible to circulate a fluid, for cooling or lubrication purposes, since the flare, open at its rear end, is subjected to the high pressure produced by the rotation of the wheel, and the skin of the tree (external surface), opened by holes drilled in its front part is subjected to the low pressure prevailing in the fluid inlet.
  • the wheel has blades connected to each other by an outer casing called a belt.
  • the figure 1 shows the assembly of a wheel 21 and a shaft 20.
  • the shaft 20 is hollow and is formed of a tube of circular cylindrical shape.
  • the hollow shaft 20 has two ends, one of which has a flare in the shape of a trumpet horn.
  • the wheel 21 is installed on the flare in an integral manner.
  • the horn of the trumpet receives by gluing the wheel 21 which is made of a composite material.
  • the wheel 21 is made of another material.
  • the contact surface of the wheel 21 with the flaring of the shaft 20 in the shape of a trumpet horn is perfectly compatible with the latter.
  • the drive of the shaft 20 is achieved by clamping its smooth end (side opposite to the flare), end connected to a drive shaft not shown.
  • the figure 2 shows a front view on which the hollow shape of the shaft 20 is visible in dotted lines.
  • the shaft is hollow from one end to the other.
  • the opening of the hollow goes from one end to the other.
  • the thickness of the shaft skin is constant from one end to the other of the circular cylindrical part of the shaft 20.
  • the thickness of the shaft of the part in the shape of a trumpet horn is reduced to as we approach the largest diameter of the trumpet horn.
  • the figure 3 shows a perspective view of the hollow shaft 20 of the figure 2 .
  • the figures 4 and 5 show the frustoconical hub of a wheel 21 having a belt as in the figure 1 .
  • a wheel 21 of the closed type carries an outer envelope called a belt, connecting the ends of the blades to each other.
  • a wheel 21 therefore consists of as many channels closed on four sides as there are blades.
  • a wheel 21 of the closed type being completely sealed between the lower surface 22 and the upper surface 23, the seal between the high pressure at the outlet of the wheel 21 and the low pressure at the inlet of the wheel 21 is effected by the gap between the part front of the belt and the outer envelope in which the wheel turns 21.
  • the length of leakage is equal to the circumference of the belt.
  • a wheel 21 of the closed type has a higher mass inertia than a wheel 21 of the open type, due to the belt, which causes a reduction in the natural frequencies of rotation and bending of the shaft 20.
  • the front part of the belt which seals between the high pressure prevailing between the belt and the interior of the pump body, and the low pressure prevailing upstream of the impeller 21 has a cylindrical shape whose outside diameter is very close to the inside diameter of a cylindrical zone belonging to the pump body.
  • the cylindrical shape of the front part of the belt which prevails over a width of the order of 5% to 25% of the diameter of this cylinder, is called belt tread.
  • the cylindrical shape of the pump body not visible, facing the tread of the belt, and which prevails over the same width, is called the tread of the pump body.
  • the hub of the wheel 21 has a frustoconical type shape perfectly matched with the shape of the trumpet mentioned above and allows the wheel 21 to be fixed on the trumpet.
  • the production of the wheel 21 is made of composite materials (instead of foundry of metallic materials), leading to considerable reductions, of the order of 8 to 10 times; their execution in composite materials on molds offers a great similarity of the channels between them, by an identical geometry for each, essentially avoiding balancing operations.
  • a moving assembly must be held at its two ends in the two transverse directions and at any point in its third direction, that is to say along the axis of rotation of the crew.
  • the maintenance in the third direction that is to say the prohibition of any translation of the movable assembly along its own axis, in one direction as in the other, is ensured by a stop integrated in the conventional ball bearing .
  • the maintenance in the third direction that is to say the prohibition of any translation of the movable assembly along its own axis, in one direction as in the other, is ensured by a stop positioned at one end of the 'tree 20.
  • the figures 6 and 7 show an open type wheel 21 having blades. In this example, there is no belt.
  • the figures 8 and 9 show in cross section the belt tread of the wheel 21 and the tread of the pump body 24.
  • the figure 8 shows statically, when the wheel 21 does not turn.
  • the figure 9 shows dynamically when wheel 21 turns.
  • the arrow indicates the direction of rotation.
  • the fluid bearing is from 4 to 10 ⁇ 10 -4 m, or between 1 and 2/1000 th of the inlet diameter of the wheel 21.
  • radial clearance The difference between the radius of the tread of the pump body and the radius of the tread of the impeller 21 is called " radial clearance ".
  • the figure 10 shows in section the shaft 20 terminated by its trumpet, a wheel 21 with a belt and the body of the pump 24.
  • the figure 11 shows shaft 20 and through holes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
EP19201286.2A 2018-10-03 2019-10-03 Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads Active EP3633205B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1871119A FR3086981B1 (fr) 2018-10-03 2018-10-03 Systeme d’entrainement d’une roue de pompe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3633205A1 true EP3633205A1 (de) 2020-04-08
EP3633205B1 EP3633205B1 (de) 2021-10-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19201286.2A Active EP3633205B1 (de) 2018-10-03 2019-10-03 Antriebssystem eines pumpenlaufrads

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3633205B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3086981B1 (de)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE387791C (de) * 1921-03-10 1924-01-04 Hans Wiedemann Durch Unterdruckerzeugung wirkender Schiffstreiber
FR1074689A (fr) * 1951-12-14 1954-10-07 Self Priming Pump & Eng Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés à la réalisation de pompes centrifuges
EP1286884A1 (de) * 2000-06-07 2003-03-05 Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag Schiffsantriebssystem

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE387791C (de) * 1921-03-10 1924-01-04 Hans Wiedemann Durch Unterdruckerzeugung wirkender Schiffstreiber
FR1074689A (fr) * 1951-12-14 1954-10-07 Self Priming Pump & Eng Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés à la réalisation de pompes centrifuges
EP1286884A1 (de) * 2000-06-07 2003-03-05 Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag Schiffsantriebssystem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3086981B1 (fr) 2021-07-30
FR3086981A1 (fr) 2020-04-10
EP3633205B1 (de) 2021-10-06

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