EP3003944B1 - Door lock of a shaft door of an elevator system. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an elevator installation with an elevator shaft, which comprises a shaft pit or a shaft head with a minimum height or no shaft pit or shaft head.
Elevator systems usually include lockable shaft doors. Such shaft doors can be unlocked by means of a key from the floor independently of a position of the elevator car, so that, for example, a service technician can climb into the shaft pit or onto the elevator car for the maintenance of the elevator installation. Regulations or standards stipulate in such a case that the elevator shaft must have a shelter in the shaft head or in the pit in which shelter the elevator car can not be moved. In this way, the service technician located in the elevator shaft outside the elevator car can be protected even during a process of the elevator car. Accordingly, the shaft pit or the shaft head must have a minimum height.

However, there is an increasing requirement to further reduce the shaft pit or shaft head height. In the patent EP1604934 By way of example, an elevator installation with a control box arranged on an elevator car is shown. A maintenance technician located on the elevator car opens this control box, which causes an extension of locking means arranged on the elevator car. The locking means prevent in its extended state that the elevator car during maintenance work in the shelter above the elevator car can penetrate. The disadvantage here is that the technical realization of such a solution requires a complicated mechanism US 2,521,965 A discloses an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an elevator system, in spite of reduced height of the shaft head or the pit a necessary shelter can be guaranteed at any time.

The object is achieved by an elevator installation with a landing door arranged on a floor, an elevator car, a door latch arranged on the landing door for locking the landing door, which door latch for unlocking the landing door from the landing door side of the landing door by means of a key from a locked position an unlocked position can be brought, a blocking element, which prevents an opening of the shaft door in its blocking position, and an actuator acting on the blocking element, wherein the actuator is designed such that the blocking position of the blocking element is only canceled if the elevator car assigned within one of the shaft door Emergency relief zone is arranged.

Persons who perform works by way of example on the installed elevator installation are possibly endangered by movable parts of the elevator installation, in particular the elevator car. Accordingly, in the elevator installation according to current regulations, shelters are arranged in accommodation areas intended for persons. The moving parts of the lift system can not penetrate into these shelters. In this way, it is possible to prevent a service technician located, for example, in the shaft pit or in the shaft head from being injured by moving the elevator cage in the elevator shaft. The service technician can move into the shelter when the elevator car moves in the direction of its lowest or highest possible position in the elevator shaft.

Increasingly, however, there is a requirement that elevator shafts have the smallest possible dimensions. Accordingly, the shaft pit and / or the shaft head of the respective elevator shaft can be dimensioned so small that outside, that is to say under or above the elevator cage, no complete protective space to be provided according to the current regulations can be arranged.

It was therefore attempted to change the design of the elevator system so that such a shelter or shelters in the elevator shaft outside the elevator car are not necessary. This is achieved by the shaft doors are designed so that direct access from the floor into the elevator shaft is impossible. The landing door is therefore exclusively openable when the elevator car so on the Shaft door is arranged that the direct access from the floor is locked in the elevator shaft. If the elevator car is arranged in such a position, the blocking position of the blocking element is canceled, that is, the blocking element assumes its release position. In addition to door openings of the shaft door in normal operation, which are usually effected by a door drive, the shaft door remains unlockable by means of the key, for example, to emergency persons in case of faults in the elevator system from the elevator car can. On the other hand, if the elevator car is arranged at another position, ie not within the emergency release zone, the shaft door can not be opened under any circumstances, regardless of the locked position or unlocked position of the door bolt.

The actuator is thus designed such that the blocking position of the blocking element is only canceled if the elevator car is arranged within the emergency exemption zone associated with the shaft door. This means that the actuator for canceling the blocking position is provided exclusively when the elevator car is arranged within this emergency release zone.

The elevator car is considered to be located in the emergency exemption zone of the hoistway door when, with the hoistway door open, access to the hoistway is completely obstructed by the elevator car located at that hoistway door. According to the present description, persons who are or have entered a lift shaft of the elevator installation are to be understood as persons who are outside the interior of the elevator cage in the elevator shaft.

A development of the elevator system has a plurality of substantially stacked shaft doors, wherein a lowermost of the shaft doors and / or a top of the shaft doors each have the door latch and the blocking element. By arranging the door bolt according to the invention and the blocking element according to the invention on the lowermost shaft door, it can be made impossible for a person to reach the shaft pit through the lowermost shaft door. By an additional or alternative arrangement of the inventive door bolt and the inventive blocking element on the top shaft door can be made impossible that a person can get through the top landing door to the elevator car. Such a danger to these persons can be prevented if the shaft head or the Shaft pit to have small dimensions for the arrangement of a shelter outside the elevator car. In addition, at all shaft doors of the elevator installation, such a door latch and such a blocking element can be arranged in order to prevent the direct access of any floor into the elevator shaft through one of the shaft doors.
In a further development of the elevator installation, the elevator car has a cabin floor which is at least partly designed as a floor flap and / or a canopy partially designed as a roof flap, wherein a shelter for service personnel located in a shaft head or in a shaft pit of the elevator installation is open when the roof or floor flap is open the elevator car extends. It is advantageous that service personnel can still carry out maintenance work in the shaft pit or in the shaft head despite a lack of direct accessibility to the shaft pit or the shaft head through the shaft door. When the floor or roof flap is open, the shelter is thus at least partially arranged in the elevator car. This means that such persons can be protected in the elevator shaft of the elevator installation, in particular in the shaft head or in the shaft pit.
In a further development of the elevator installation, the actuator is arranged on the elevator car. By means of such an arrangement, a probability of failure of the elevator installation can be reduced by a malfunctioning actuator, because the actuator directly, preferably from immediate local proximity, can act on the blocking element when the elevator car is located within the emergency exit zone associated with the shaft door.

According to the invention, the shaft door of the elevator installation has a door leaf and the blocking element is designed such that in its blocking position the blocking element blocks the door leaf in its closed position. It is thus realized that the blocking element prevents an opening of the shaft door in its blocking position.

In a further development of the elevator installation, the actuator is a guide curve or an electrical switching means. Alternatively, the actuator may be a position detection unit for detecting a position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft of the elevator installation. By means of such an actuator, the blocking element can be influenced.

Figur 1:

eine mehrere Stockwerke verbindende Aufzugsanlage;

Figur 2:

eine in einer Notbefreiungszone angeordnete Aufzugskabine;

Figur 3A:

einen Ausschnitt einer Schachttür, an welcher Schachttür ein in seiner Blockierstellung gezeigtes Blockierelement gemäss einer ersten nicht beanspruchten Ausgestaltungs-variante angeordnet ist;

Figur 3B:

das an der Schachttür angeordnete Blockierelement aus Figur 3A in seiner Freigabestellung;

Figur 4A:

einen Ausschnitt einer Schachttür, an welcher Schachttür ein in seiner Blockierstellung gezeigtes Blockierelement gemäss einer zweiten Ausgestaltungsvariante angeordnet ist;

Figur 4B:

das an der Schachttür angeordnete Blockierelement aus Figur 4A in seiner Freigabestellung; und

Figur 5:

eine an einer untersten Schachttür des Aufzugsschachtes angeordnete Aufzugskabine.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Aufzugsanlage 2 mit einer in einem Aufzugsschacht 3 verfahrbaren Aufzugskabine 10. Der Aufzugsschacht 3 weist an seinem oberen Ende einen Schachtkopf 5 und an seinem unteren Ende eine Schachtgrube 7 auf. Der Schachtkopf 5 und/oder die Schachtgrube 7 können derart klein bemessen sein, dass ein vorzusehener Schutzraum 16 nicht vollständig ausserhalb der Aufzugskabine 10 anordenbar ist. Ein solcher Schutzraum 16 bildet gemäss den üblichen Vorschriften genügend Raum für eine im Aufzugsschacht 3 befindliche Person, wenn die Aufzugskabine 10 in ihrer untersten bzw. obersten möglichen Stellung im Aufzugsschacht 3 angeordnet ist. Der Aufzugsschacht 3 verbindet mindestens zwei Stockwerke 8.1, 8.2, 8.3. An jedem Stockwerk 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 ist eine Schachttür 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 angeordnet, um den Aufzugsschacht 3 verschliessen zu können.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Aufzugskabine 10, die an einem Stockwerk 8 angeordnet ist. Die Aufzugskabine 10 weist einen Kabinenboden 11 auf. Das Stockwerk 8 weist einen Stockwerksboden 9 auf. Am Stockwerk 8 ist eine ein Türblatt 6 umfassende Schachttür 4 angeordnet. An der Schachttür 4 ist ein Türriegel 32 zur Verriegelung der Schachttür 4 angeordnet. In seiner Verriegeltenstellung verhindert der Türriegel 32 eine Öffnung der Schachttür 4. Das heisst, dass das Türblatt 6 bei verriegelter Schachttür 4 nicht aus seiner Geschlossenstellung bewegt werden kann.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a multi-storey elevator system;

FIG. 2:

an elevator car arranged in an emergency relief zone;

FIG. 3A:

a section of a shaft door, on which shaft door a blocking element shown in its blocking position is arranged according to a first unclaimed embodiment variant;

FIG. 3B:

the arranged on the shaft door blocking element FIG. 3A in its release position;

FIG. 4A

a section of a shaft door on which shaft door a blocking element shown in its blocking position is arranged according to a second embodiment variant;

FIG. 4B:

the arranged on the shaft door blocking element FIG. 4A in its release position; and

FIG. 5:

an elevator car arranged on a lowermost shaft door of the elevator shaft.

FIG. 1 shows an elevator system 2 with a movable in an elevator shaft 3 elevator car 10. The elevator shaft 3 has at its upper end a shaft head 5 and at its lower end a pit 7. The shaft head 5 and / or the shaft pit 7 can be sized so small that a protective space 16 to be provided can not be arranged completely outside the elevator car 10. Such a shelter 16 forms according to the usual regulations enough space for a person located in the elevator shaft 3 person when the elevator car 10 is disposed in its lowest or highest possible position in the elevator shaft 3. The elevator shaft 3 connects at least two floors 8.1, 8.2, 8.3. At each floor 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 a landing door 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 is arranged to close the elevator shaft 3 can.
FIG. 2 shows an elevator car 10, which is arranged on a floor 8. The elevator car 10 has a cabin floor 11. The floor 8 has a floor floor 9 on. On the floor 8 a door leaf 6 comprehensive shaft door 4 is arranged. At the landing door 4, a door latch 32 is arranged to lock the landing door 4. In its locked position, the door latch 32 prevents an opening of the shaft door 4. This means that the door leaf 6 can not be moved out of its closed position when the shaft door 4 is locked.

The shaft door 4 is usually openable by means of a door drive, not shown, when the elevator car 10 is arranged on the shaft door 4. It is irrelevant whether the door drive is arranged on the elevator car 10 or on the shaft door 4. In the case of imminent opening of the shaft door 4 by means of the door drive, the door drive is coupled to the shaft door 4 in such a way that the door latch 32 can be brought out of its locked position into its unlocked position by means of the door drive. If the door bolt 32 is then transferred to its unlocked position, the shaft door 4 can be at least partially opened by an opening movement of the door leaf 6.

It is possible that the shaft door 4 must be opened when the door drive itself is not actuated for unlocking and opening the landing door 4. Cause can be a malfunction of the elevator system in case of power failure. Accordingly, an emergency release of persons located in the elevator car 10 may be necessary. For this purpose, the door latch 32 can be brought from its locked position into its unlocked position by means of a key from a side of the shaft door 4 facing the floor 8. The shaft door 4 may therefore have on the floor side a key opening 37, through which keyhole opening 37 of the door latch 32 can be actuated by means of the key. Such a key can be designed as an internal key.

However, the emergency exemption of persons from the elevator car 10 is only permitted if the elevator car 10 is arranged within an emergency exemption zone associated with the shaft door 4. The elevator car 10 is located in the emergency exemption zone of the shaft door 4, when persons can not get out of the elevator car 10 into the elevator shaft 3 when the shaft door 4 is open. An emergency rescue from an elevator car arranged outside the emergency relief zone could, for example, lead to a fall into the elevator shaft.

Accordingly, such an emergency relief zone is defined by maximum permissible level deviations S _UMAX , S _OMAX between the cabin floor 11 and the _landing floor 9 assigned to the _{landing door} 4. In this case, the maximum downward permissible level deviation S _UMAX with which the cabin floor 11 below the floor 9 floor is permissible can be different from a maximum permissible upward level deviation S _OMAX , with the cabin floor 11 above the floor floor 9 is permissible arrangeable different.
Accordingly, the elevator car 10 is considered to be located within the emergency exemption zone when the car floor 11 of the elevator car 10 has a directional level deviation S to the floor bottom 9, which level deviation S is less than or equal to the maximum permissible level deviation S _UMAX , S _OMAX in this direction. An emergency release length H is formed by an addition of the maximum downward permissible level deviation S _UMAX with the maximum permissible level deviation S _OMAX . In order to increase this emergency relief length H at the shaft door 4 along the travel path of the elevator car 10, ie to increase the emergency relief zone, a safety, for example below the cabin floor 11, a safety apron 14 can be attached to the elevator car 10.

The FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4A, 4B show a section of a FIG. 2 shaft door 4, on which a blocking element 34 in a first unclaimed design variant ( FIGS. 3A, 3B ) or a blocking element 34 in a second embodiment variant ( FIGS. 4A, 4B ) can be arranged. The FIGS. 3A and 4A show the respective blocking element 34 in its blocking position, wherein the FIGS. 3B or 4B show the corresponding blocking element 34 in its release position. The blocking element 34 may comprise a contact roller 42 and / or a restoring element, preferably a return spring 40 (FIG. FIGS. 3A, 3B ). The blocking element 34 can be exemplified as a pivot bolt ( FIGS. 4A, 4B ) or as a locking pin ( FIGS. 3A, 3B ) be formed. The shaft door 4 has a door leaf 6 shown in its closed position. At the landing door 4, a door latch 32 is arranged in addition to the blocking element 34. The door latch 32 is designed, for example, pivotable about a pivot axis 33. In its locked position, the door latch 32 engages in a latch stop 36, thereby preventing is that the shaft door 4 can be opened, so the door leaf 6 can perform an opening movement O. By way of example, the door latch 32 can be arranged on the door leaf 6 and the latch stop 36 on a door frame of the landing door 4 or vice versa. Is the door latch 32 by way of example by means of a key from a floor facing side of the landing door 4 from its locked position (shown in the FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4B ) in its unlocked position (shown in FIG FIG. 4A ), the door latch 32 and the bolt stop 36 does not prevent the opening movement O of the door leaf 6.

The blocking element 34 is designed and arranged such that the blocking element 34 in its blocking position prevents an opening movement O of the door leaf 6 and thus an opening of the landing door 4, regardless of the position of the door bolt 32.

The blocking element 34 can be transferred from its blocking position into its release position by means of an actuator 30, for example by means of a movement B of the blocking element 34. The actuator 30 can be used as a mechanically acting guide curve (FIG. FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4A, 4B ) or be designed as electrical switching means. Such an actuator 30 is preferably arranged on the elevator car. Likewise, the actuator may be formed by a position detection unit for detecting a position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft.

The actuator 30 acts on the blocking element 34 along the area in which the directional level deviation S according to FIG. 2 is less than or equal to the maximum permissible level deviations S _UMAX , S _OMAX . The guide curve 30 arranged on the elevator car therefore has a length corresponding to the emergency release length H (FIG. FIG. 2 ), along which length the guide cam 30 acts on the blocking element 34. According to this effect, the blocking element 34 is in its release position when the elevator car is in the emergency release zone of the shaft door 4. The blocking element 34, however, is in its blocking position when the elevator car is not arranged in the emergency release zone of the shaft door 4. The return element 40 causes the blocking element 34 assumes its blocking position as soon as the elevator car is located outside the emergency relief zone. Alternatively, the blocking element 34 can be transferred from its release position into its blocking position and vice versa by means of the actuator 30.

The blocking element 34 thus has the effect that the shaft door 4 can not be opened in any case when the elevator cage is arranged outside the emergency release zone of this shaft door 4. In this way it is impossible for persons to pass directly through this landing door 4 into the elevator shaft.

The contact roller 42 of the blocking element 34 allows the mechanical interaction between the guide cam 30 and the blocking element 34. By means of the contact roller 42, the movement B of the blocking element 34 and a holding of the blocking element 34 can be realized in its release position by way of example.

That in the FIGS. 3A, 3B shown blocking member 34 acts on the door latch 32 such that the door latch 32 is locked in its locked position when the elevator car is not located within the emergency release zone. For this purpose, the door latch 32 has a locking means 38. The blocking means 38 prevents at a in his according FIG. 3A Blocking element 34 shown blocking position that the door latch 32 can be brought from its locked position into its unlocked position. The corresponding movement of the door bolt 32, for example, the pivoting movement about its pivot axis 33, is prevented.

Is the blocking element 34 according to FIG. 3B in its release position, the door latch 32 is not blocked by the blocking element 34 in its locked position. Accordingly, the door latch 32 may be disposed in its locked or unlocked position. In the arrangement of the door bolt 32 in its unlocked position, the shaft door 4 can be opened, that is, the door leaf 6 can be actuated from its closed position by means of the opening movement O.

That in the FIGS. 4A, 4B shown blocking member 34 acts on the door leaf 6, so that the door leaf 6 is blocked in its closed position by means of the blocking element 34 when the elevator car is not disposed within the emergency relief zone. In a blocking element located in blocking position 34, the shaft door 6 is independent of the position of the door bolt 32 can not be opened. If the blocking element 34 is arranged in its release position, the position of the door bolt 32 determines whether the shaft door 4 can be opened. If the door latch 32 is in its locked position, the opening movement O of the door leaf 6 is not possible. Is located the door latch 32 in its unlocked position, the opening movement O of the door leaf 6 is executable. As already described within the description, the door latch 32 can be brought by means of the door drive or by means of the key from its locked position to its unlocked position.

By way of example, the blocking element 34 is held in its blocking position by means of gravitational force. The actuator 30 interacts with the blocking element 34 arranged in the emergency release zone in such a way that the blocking element 34 is transferred against its gravitational force into its release position, preferably pivoted about a pivot axis 43 assigned to the blocking element 34 and arranged on the shaft door 4.

FIG. 5 The elevator shaft 3 comprises a shaft pit 7 and a shaft head 5. In the elevator shaft 3, an elevator car 10 is arranged on a lowermost of the shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and thus substantially directly above the shaft pit 7. The elevator car 10 has a cabin floor 11 with a bottom flap 12. The bottom flap 12 is shown in its open position. The bottom flap 12 in its closed position has the function of a conventional cabin floor 11. At the bottom shaft door 4.1 is both the door latch and the blocking element according to the description of the FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4A, 4B arranged. The actuator 30 acting on the blocking element is arranged on the elevator car 10 by way of example.

The dimensions of the shaft pit 7 shown are so small, in particular with regard to their height, that no shelter 16 for persons outside the elevator car 10 can be arranged in the shaft pit 7. In order to allow authorized persons such as service personnel despite the described effect of the blocking element to perform work (maintenance or cleaning) in the pit 7, the pit 7 with open bottom flap 12 from the elevator car 10 can be reached or entered. By way of example, this bottom flap 12 can only be opened or unlocked if the elevator car 10 is arranged directly on the shaft pit 7 or insubstantially above it, so that no dangerous crash from the elevator car 10 with the bottom flap 12 open into the shaft pit 7 is risked.

The shelter 16 may extend into the elevator car 10 when the bottom flap 12 is open. Accordingly, the elevator installation is designed in such a way that it is ensured that the person in the shaft pit 7 who was previously in the pit 7 when the bottom flap 12 is open must be located in the interior of the elevator car 10 in order to close the bottom flap 12. By way of example, a bottom flap 12 can be provided for this purpose, which can only be unlocked or locked from inside the cabin, wherein the elevator car 10 can only be moved in the elevator shaft 3 when the bottom flap 12 is locked.

In addition or as an alternative to an arrangement of the described blocking element on the lowermost shaft door 4.1, in each case such a blocking element can be arranged on at least one of the shaft doors 4.2, 4.3 arranged above it.

With such reduced dimensions of the shaft pit 7, the shaft head 5 of the elevator shaft 3 can be sized sufficiently large that a shelter 16 outside the elevator car 10 in the shaft head 5 can be arranged. Accordingly, service personnel may pass through one of the open landing doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 to the elevator car 10, but at the same time ensure that the service personnel can not get below the elevator car 10 through one of the open shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 in the pit 7. Accordingly, in addition to the arrangement of the door bolt and the blocking element on the bottom landing door 4.1, all other shaft doors 4.2, 4.3 except for an uppermost of the shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 each with such a door latch and one such blocking element according to the description of the FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4A, 4B or be provided with an alternative safety devices. By means of such an alternative safety device it must be ensured that it is impossible to open a central landing door 4.2 arranged between the uppermost landing door 4.3 and the lowermost landing door 4.1 if the elevator cage 10 is not arranged in the emergency relief zone of this central landing door 4.2.

With reduced dimensions of both the shaft pit 7 and the shaft head 5 can be arranged at each of the shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 each such a door latch and one such blocking element.

As an alternative to the illustration shown, it is possible for the arrangement of shelters 16 outside the elevator car 10, the pit 7 sized large enough and the shaft head 5 is dimensioned too small. Accordingly, for example, all except the bottom of the shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, each with such a door latch and each such a blocking element according to the description of the FIGS. 3A, 3B . 4A, 4B be provided. In this way, service personnel can get directly into the shaft pit 7 through the bottom of the shaft doors 4.1. However, it is prevented that the service personnel can pass through one of the shaft doors 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 directly onto the elevator car 10. According to the bottom flap 12 shown, the elevator car 10 may have a roof flap for the maintenance of the shaft head 5.

Claims (5)

1. Elevator system (2), comprising

   - multiple shaft doors (4.1, 4.2, 4.3), situated essentially one above the other,

   - an elevator car (10),

   - wherein a door lock (32) for locking the relevant shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) is mounted on a lowest door and/or on a topmost door of the shaft doors (4.1, 4.2, 4.3), which door lock (32) may be moved from a locked position into an unlocked position for unlocking the shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) by means of a key from a side of the shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) that faces the floor (8.1, 8.2, 8.3),

   - a blocking element (34), which prevents the shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) provided with the door lock (32) from being opened,

   - an actuator (30) acting on the blocking element, wherein the actuator (30) is designed in such a way that the blocking position of the blocking element (34) is overridden only when the elevator car (10) is situated within an emergency rescue zone assigned to the shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) provided with the door lock (32), wherein the shaft door (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) includes a door panel and characterized in that the blocking element (34) is designed in such a way that the blocking element (34) in its blocking position blocks the door panel (6) in its closed position.
2. The elevator system (2) according to Claim 1, wherein the elevator car (10) includes a car floor (11) designed at least partially as a floor flap (12) when the door lock (32) is mounted on the lowest shaft door (4.1), and a car roof designed at least partially as a roof flap when the door lock (32) is mounted on the uppermost shaft door (4.3), wherein a safety space (16) for service personnel situated in a shaft head (5) or in a shaft pit (7) of the elevator system (2) extends into the elevator car (10) when the roof flap or floor flap (12) is opened.
3. The elevator system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (30) is mounted on the elevator car (10).
4. Elevator system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (30) is a guide cam (30) or an electrical switching means.
5. The elevator system (2) according to one of the Claims 1 through 3, comprising an elevator shaft (3),
   wherein the actuator (30) is a position detection unit for detecting a position of the elevator car (10) in the elevator shaft (3).

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