EP2998447A1 - Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre - Google Patents

Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2998447A1
EP2998447A1 EP15192785.2A EP15192785A EP2998447A1 EP 2998447 A1 EP2998447 A1 EP 2998447A1 EP 15192785 A EP15192785 A EP 15192785A EP 2998447 A1 EP2998447 A1 EP 2998447A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tension member
induction coil
tube
tension members
tension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15192785.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2998447B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Peter Von Allmen
Toni Baer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stahlton AG
Original Assignee
Stahlton AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stahlton AG filed Critical Stahlton AG
Priority to EP15192785.2A priority Critical patent/EP2998447B1/fr
Publication of EP2998447A1 publication Critical patent/EP2998447A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2998447B1 publication Critical patent/EP2998447B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for at least partially removing an anchor.
  • Temporary prestressed anchors are often used to anchor the vertical walls of excavations.
  • Such prestressed anchors are composed for example of a bundle of parallel extending Siebendrähtiger prestressing steel strands, which serve as tension members.
  • the strands are fixed by means of clamping wedges in an anchor head. Behind it, the strands run individually or in a collective PE tube, without any bond with the ground and freely stretchable via the so-called “free anchor length” L fr up to an anchoring body.
  • anchoring length L v the bare strands are connected in the anchoring body by means of injected cement mortar with the ground, in order to transmit the forces applied to the anchor head forces in the ground.
  • anchors without anchoring length L v so-called pressure tube anchors are used, in which the free anchor length L fr extends to the anchor end, from where the anchor force is introduced via a pressure member enclosing the draft tube in the ground.
  • conventional anchors have a breaking load of 400 to 2500 kN and a setting force of 240 to 1500 kN, which are offset in lateral and vertical distances of 2 to 4 m.
  • the anchors are composed according to the depth of the pit and the forces acting on the anchored structure forces typically from a free anchor length L fr of 7 to 25 m and - if available - an anchoring length L v of 4 to 8 m together and depending on the depth of the Excavation in several, staggered in depth layers installed.
  • L fr free anchor length
  • L v anchoring length
  • the majority of anchors come to lie beneath neighboring properties.
  • the anchors lose their function. If the whereabouts of the tension members in the ground e.g. is undesirable because of later proposed in this area, the anchors must be as far as possible, i. at least their over the free anchor length extending part are removed.
  • the method is known to produce predetermined breaking points at the transition L fr - L v by mechanical or thermal weaknesses of the tension members and to remove the free anchor length, the tension members at the predetermined breaking point by applying appropriate forces on the anchor head demolish (see, eg DE 195 00 091 C1 ).
  • This method has serious disadvantages.
  • the lost through the weakening of the tension members cross section must be compensated by additional, also weakened tension members.
  • the weakened tension members have a relatively rigid behavior, so that the break occurs abruptly and does not announce itself by a previous stretching. An abrupt failure of an anchor is undesirable in particular with regard to system security.
  • a disadvantage is, inter alia, that a uniform heating of the tension member is difficult and not always a complete separation takes place. If, for example, several strands are present, they will not be heated at the same time due to their different position in the borehole and thus will not break at the same time. The first broken wires can lead to premature release of the anchoring on the anchor head, whereby the voltage on the not yet broken wires is eliminated and they do not break.
  • the cable extends to the power supply of the induction coil between serving as tension members strands and can also be easily damaged.
  • the cavities between the strands and the collecting duct are not sealed air-side in the region of the separation point, so that in the free anchor length L fr penetrating water can accumulate in the region of the separation point. This will cause heating of the strands lasting cooling by the heating and evaporation of the water practically impossible or at least delayed until the water is completely evaporated. (The strands thus function in a similar way to the heating rods of an immersion heater to heat water.)
  • Object of the present invention is to improve the known methods so that the tension member of an anchor is separable in a simpler and more reliable manner.
  • the invention is based on the finding that contrary to the teaching of the EP 0 583 725 A1 no additional electrically conductive metal tube is required to heat a tension member beyond the Curie temperature to the melting point can. Is the tension member at Heating process sufficiently biased, a reliable separation at temperatures below the melting point is possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows an excavation 1, the vertical Baugrubenab gleich is secured with an anchored structure 19.
  • the anchoring is ensured by prestressed armature 5, which are connected via an anchor head 6 to the structure 19.
  • Each anchor 5 is installed in a previously drilled in the ground 3 hole 4 and extends below a neighboring plot. 2
  • each armature 5 are each designed, for example, as a seven-stranded prestressing steel strand and have a free anchor length (L fr ) 7 guided by a collecting duct 10 and an anchoring length (L v ) 8 joined to the ground 3 by cement mortar 11 in a force-transmitting manner.
  • a separator 13 for separating the tension members 9 in the armature 5 is integrated.
  • a cable 18 for powering the separator 13 extends outside of the collecting tube 10 and is attached thereto.
  • the injection line through which the Cement mortar is anchored to anchor also runs outside the collecting duct 10 (not shown). When attaching the anchor injection line and cable 18 are secured together on the collecting tube 10 and inserted into the borehole 4.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of a first embodiment of the separation device 13 for separating the tension members 9 at the separation point 12.
  • the separation device 13 with an induction coil in the form of a single-layer winding 16 (inductor) of thermally insulated copper wire, wound on a support tube 15, equipped.
  • the winding 16 has a number of turns which is in the range of 5 to 50, preferably 10 to 30.
  • the cable 18 for powering the winding 16 is connected to the two ends of the winding 16 and extends outside of the support tube 15. Thus, the cable 18 is protected against damage during pretensioning of the tension members 9.
  • the support tube 15 is rigid to prevent displacement of the induction coil 16 relative to the tension members 9 and any resulting damage thereto, and is made of a material that is electrically insulating and non-ferromagnetic. Due to the rigidity of the support tube 15 u. a. prevents the forces occurring after the installation of the armature deform the support tube 15 at least over the region of the induction coil 16.
  • the material for the support tube 15 e.g. Fiberglass, PE, PP or PVC.
  • the separating device 13 is arranged substantially centrally in the borehole 4 and the cavity between the rear end of the separating device 13 and the ground 3 is filled with cement mortar 11.
  • the induction coil 16 is supplied in operation via the electric cable 18 with higher frequency power to heat the tension members 9 inductively to breakage.
  • the cavities between the support tube 15 and the tension members 9 are filled with a filling 17.
  • a filling 17 Cement-water mixture with the possible addition of one or more additives, e.g. Propellant, plasticizer and setting accelerator, plastic-based mortar with thermally insulating additives, putty, etc.
  • additives e.g. Propellant, plasticizer and setting accelerator, plastic-based mortar with thermally insulating additives, putty, etc.
  • Fig. 2 further shows, the air-side end of the support tube 15 is inserted into the collecting duct 10.
  • Spacers 20 are inserted at the end of the support tube 15 and have passages through which the tension members 9 extend.
  • the spacers 20 are made of a solid or relatively solid material, such as metal or plastic. They ensure, in particular during assembly of the separating device 13, that the part of the tension members 9, which runs inside the carrier tube 15, comes to lie in a predetermined position with respect to the induction coil 16.
  • this position is selected symmetrically, so that the tension members 9 are penetrated as uniformly as possible by the magnetic field generated by the induction coil 16 and thus the most uniform and simultaneous heating is achieved.
  • the number of passages in the spacer 20 is arbitrarily adaptable to the number N of the tension members provided at the anchor.
  • the spacer 20 may be designed for anchors with 8 - 12 strands or 13 - 19 strands as tension members.
  • Fig. 4 shows the cross section through the separator 13 at the separation point 12.
  • the separator 13 is arranged substantially centrally in the borehole 4 in the ground 3 and outside filled with cement mortar 11.
  • seven tension members are provided, each of which is designed as a strand 14 with seven wires and enclosed by the induction coil 16 wound on the support tube 15.
  • This has an outer diameter D a and an inner diameter D i , wherein the ratio D a to D i is at most 1.5 and preferably at most 1.25. This ensures that the lateral extent of the separating device 13 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the collecting duct 10 and that no enlargement of the borehole 4 is required.
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a structure of a separating device 13 according to a second embodiment for separating the tension members 9 at the separation point 12.
  • the separation device 13 with an induction coil in the form of a single-layer winding 16 (inductor) of a single or two-wire electric cable 18, wound directly on the collecting duct 10, equipped.
  • the electric cable 18, which leads along the collecting duct 10 to the outside, thus serves directly to form the winding 16. A transition between the electric cable and winding is thus eliminated.
  • the winding 16 has a number of turns, which is in the range of 5 to 50, preferably 10 to 30.
  • the winding is fixed on the collecting tube 10 by a shrink tube 23.
  • the electric cable 18 extends outside the collecting duct 10 to the anchor head 6 and is thereby protected against damage during pretensioning of the tension members 9.
  • the cavities between the collecting duct 10 and the tension members 9 are filled with a filling 17.
  • the backfill 17 is bounded on both sides by spacer pins 21 made of an elastically deformable material, e.g. Rubber are made.
  • the collecting duct 10 is locally compressed by means of steel strips 22, which are tensioned with a sufficiently large force, so that the play between the tension members 9 and the collecting duct 10 closes with respect to the spacer pin 21.
  • Fig. 7 shows the cross section through the separator 13 at the separation point 12th
  • Fig. 8 shows the distance pin 21 for a tension member consisting of 4 prestressing steel strands 14 with the passages 21.1 to 21.4.
  • the spacer pin 21 has a length which is at least equal to the width of the steel strip 22nd
  • Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through a structure of a separating device according to a third embodiment, which is mounted after the bitumen filling 24 at the end of the collecting duct of the free anchor length L fr .
  • the end of the collecting sleeve 10 is poured out against the cement mortar 11 injected into the anchoring length 8 with a hot-filled bitumen filling 24, which is fixed with steel bands 22 opposite the collecting sleeve 10.
  • the winding 16 consisting of turns of the electric cable 18 is seated on a support tube 15, which is fixed with a shrink tube 23 relative to the collecting tube 10 and the anchoring length 8 forming part of the tension members 14.
  • the cavities between the support tube 15 and the tension members 9 are directly through the in the Anchoring length 8 injected cement mortar 11 filled.
  • Fig. 10 shows the cross section through the separator 13 at the separation point 12th
  • the support tube 15 so sealed on the biasing part of the tension members 9 side of the separation point 12 that on the one hand a passage of water and on the other a passage of injection material 11 are prevented. This ensures that, on the one hand, the injection material 11 does not reach the prestressable part of the tension members 9 during injection and, on the other hand, no water can penetrate from the outside to the separation point 12 and thus efficient heating of the tension members 9 is made possible.
  • the respective strand 14 of the tension member 9 has a core around which wires are wound whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the soul. This ensures that during the heating process, the soul, which is additionally heated by the surrounding wires, not the first rips, but all the wires of the strand 14 are separated simultaneously.
  • the tension members 9 of the prestressed ground and rock anchors 5 are usually biased to about 60% of the breaking force. Since an anchor 5 can be embedded in the ground for a long time, it must be ensured for the removal by means of the separating device 13 that the tension members 9 are still sufficiently prestressed.
  • the bias voltage is selected so that during the heating process by the induction coil 16, the respective tension member 9 is biased with a force corresponding to at least 10%, preferably at least 25% and more preferably at least 50% of the breaking force of the tension member 9 at 0 degrees Celsius.
  • the tension members 9 Due to sufficient preload it is possible to separate the tension members 9 at relatively moderate temperatures, which are below the melting point and typically below 700 degrees Celsius and even below 600 degrees Celsius. If the strength of the tension member 9 is lowered by heating below the voltage applied in the tension member 9, this tears. Due to the tension of the torn-off part of the tension member 9 will jump out of the anchor head. For safety reasons, therefore, the anchor head is covered during the heating process with a hood to catch the tension members 9 after the break.
  • Fig. 5 shows the curve of the strength F as a function of the temperature T for a drawn prestressing steel wire, where F is normalized to the value of the strength at 0 degrees Celsius. As can be seen, the strength at temperatures above 600 ° C falls below 10% of the original value. Accordingly, the higher the bias voltage during the heating operation, the lower the temperatures are sufficient to cause the tension member 9 to crack.
  • the separator 13 need not be designed to heat above the Curie temperature (for Fe 768 ° C) to the melting point allowed, as in the device according to EP 0 583 725 A1 the case is.
  • no electrically conductive metal tube is required, which is arranged in the region between the induction coil 16 and the separation point 12 and the tension members 9 heated by heat conduction and heat radiation. The magnetic field generated by the induction coil 16 can therefore freely penetrate into the tension members 9 and heat them.
  • the load circuit As a power supply to the power supply of the induction coil 16 is a static frequency converter having a load circuit with the winding 16 as induction.
  • the load resonant circuit is constructed as a parallel resonant circuit having power capacitors as elements and connected via the cable 18 winding 16. Capacitance and inductance of these elements determine the working frequency.
  • the load circuit is connected to a power source, which includes a connectable to the usual power grid main transformer, a rectifier, a chopper and a smoothing part.
  • the load circuit is connected to an H-bridge, which is controlled by the chopper.
  • the design of the power supply in the form of a circuit with electronic components allows a compact and relatively lightweight construction.
  • the static frequency converter is much lighter than a dynamic frequency converter can be built and typically weighs less than 100 kg, and preferably less than 50 kg.
  • the integration of the respective used induction coil 16 and the cable 18 used in the resonant circuit, the magnetic field can be optimized, which is used to heat the tension members 9.
  • the induction coil 16 can be acted upon by a current which is above 2.5 A, preferably above 5 A and particularly preferably above 10 A, and which has a frequency f of more than 1 kHz and preferably more than 10 kHz.
  • the frequency is in the range of 30-50 kHz.
  • the power delivered by the frequency converter is greater than 1 kW and preferably greater than 3 kW, e.g. at 5 kW.
  • the heating power which is induced by means of the induction coil 16 in the tension members 9, increases with increasing frequency f of the flow.
  • the penetration depth of the current decreases as the frequency f increases.
  • the cable 18 is at least 5 m and preferably at least 10 m long and is a commercially available cable, for example one with more than two wires and / or with wires each having a cross section of at least 1.5 mm 2 .
  • the respective core can be designed either as a single wire or as a stranded wire. If a cable 18 is used with four wires, so the two opposite wires are advantageously connected together.
  • the separation device 13 shown here can be used to remove (deconstruct) at least the free anchor length of the tension members of prestressed floor and rock anchors, as described for example in the Swiss standard "SIA 267 geotechnics" and "EN 1537 ground anchors".
  • the separator is in addition to anchor with an anchoring length u.a. also suitable for those without anchoring length, in particular pressure tube anchor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP15192785.2A 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre Active EP2998447B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15192785.2A EP2998447B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10711318.5A EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage
PCT/CH2010/000086 WO2011116483A2 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un induit au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un induit
EP15192785.2A EP2998447B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10711318.5A Division EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage
EP10711318.5A Division-Into EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2998447A1 true EP2998447A1 (fr) 2016-03-23
EP2998447B1 EP2998447B1 (fr) 2017-10-04

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ID=44486406

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15192785.2A Active EP2998447B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Procede de demontage au moins partiel d'une ancre
EP10711318.5A Active EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10711318.5A Active EP2550404B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Dispositif pour un ancrage au moins partiellement démontable, et procédé de démontage au moins partiel d'un ancrage

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EP (2) EP2998447B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011116483A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3336259B1 (fr) 2016-12-16 2019-10-16 Stahlton AG Ancrage dans le sol et/ou dans la roche comprenant un tirant réutilisable

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2274740A1 (fr) * 1975-06-27 1976-01-09 Fischer Joachim Procede pour l'extractio
CH603919A5 (en) 1976-04-02 1978-08-31 Losinger Ag Releasing free section of tie anchor
FR2381135A1 (fr) * 1977-02-17 1978-09-15 Sugimura Shigeru Procede et dispositif d'ancrage
DE3400350A1 (de) 1983-01-13 1984-07-19 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum ausbauen des freien teils des zuggliedes eines vorgespannten verpressankers
EP0583725A1 (fr) 1992-08-17 1994-02-23 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour séparer la barre tendue d'un ancrage à boulon dans un lieu prédestiné
DE19500091C1 (de) 1995-01-04 1996-04-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Sollbruchstelle an einem Zugglied für einen Verpreßanker
NL1015346C2 (nl) * 2000-05-31 2001-12-03 Visser & Smit Bouw Bv Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van de vrije ankerlengte van een in de grond aangebracht groutanker, alsmede een groutanker voor het uitvoeren van deze werkwijze.
JP2007262880A (ja) * 2006-03-02 2007-10-11 Ats & E Co Ltd 埋設アンカー中の引張部材の切断装置及び切断方法
JP2008088772A (ja) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-17 Tobishima Corp 高周波誘導加熱アンカー除去装置
CH702926B1 (de) * 2007-10-09 2011-10-14 Stahlton Ag Vorrichtung für einen zumindest teilweise ausbaubaren Anker und Verfahren zum zumindest teilweisen Ausbau eines Ankers.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936924A (en) * 1973-09-21 1976-02-10 Yoshio Ichise Releaseable steel cable anchor and method for withdrawing the same
JPS58110719A (ja) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-01 Chem Kurauto Kk ア−スアンカ−引抜き方法
JP2005248587A (ja) * 2004-03-04 2005-09-15 Anderson Technology Kk グラウンドアンカー中のｐｃ鋼材の溶断方法及び溶断装置
JP5217054B2 (ja) * 2007-03-02 2013-06-19 住友電工スチールワイヤー株式会社 ストランド

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2274740A1 (fr) * 1975-06-27 1976-01-09 Fischer Joachim Procede pour l'extractio
CH603919A5 (en) 1976-04-02 1978-08-31 Losinger Ag Releasing free section of tie anchor
FR2381135A1 (fr) * 1977-02-17 1978-09-15 Sugimura Shigeru Procede et dispositif d'ancrage
DE3400350A1 (de) 1983-01-13 1984-07-19 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum ausbauen des freien teils des zuggliedes eines vorgespannten verpressankers
EP0583725A1 (fr) 1992-08-17 1994-02-23 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour séparer la barre tendue d'un ancrage à boulon dans un lieu prédestiné
DE19500091C1 (de) 1995-01-04 1996-04-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Sollbruchstelle an einem Zugglied für einen Verpreßanker
NL1015346C2 (nl) * 2000-05-31 2001-12-03 Visser & Smit Bouw Bv Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van de vrije ankerlengte van een in de grond aangebracht groutanker, alsmede een groutanker voor het uitvoeren van deze werkwijze.
JP2007262880A (ja) * 2006-03-02 2007-10-11 Ats & E Co Ltd 埋設アンカー中の引張部材の切断装置及び切断方法
JP2008088772A (ja) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-17 Tobishima Corp 高周波誘導加熱アンカー除去装置
CH702926B1 (de) * 2007-10-09 2011-10-14 Stahlton Ag Vorrichtung für einen zumindest teilweise ausbaubaren Anker und Verfahren zum zumindest teilweisen Ausbau eines Ankers.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2550404A2 (fr) 2013-01-30
EP2550404B1 (fr) 2017-07-12
WO2011116483A3 (fr) 2012-03-08
WO2011116483A2 (fr) 2011-09-29
EP2998447B1 (fr) 2017-10-04

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