EP2994548B1 - Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2994548B1
EP2994548B1 EP13730795.5A EP13730795A EP2994548B1 EP 2994548 B1 EP2994548 B1 EP 2994548B1 EP 13730795 A EP13730795 A EP 13730795A EP 2994548 B1 EP2994548 B1 EP 2994548B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
temperature
trip
component
room temperature
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13730795.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2994548A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Evertz
Manuel Otto
Bianca Springub
Zacharias Georgeou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH
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Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH
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Publication of EP2994548A1 publication Critical patent/EP2994548A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing components from lightweight steel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the z. B. from bands, sheets or tubes are formed by forming and for example in areas of mechanical engineering, plant, steel and shipbuilding and especially in motor vehicle z. B. find application for body or chassis components.
  • the individual components have to meet a wide variety of requirements in terms of strength, toughness, wear resistance, etc.
  • One example of this is airbag mounts, which have to be very tough in order to be able to absorb the energy introduced in the event of a sudden load.
  • z. B. in the case of cross or side members of motor vehicles, high strengths can also be achieved in areas with little deformation, with a sufficiently high level of toughness of the components also having to be ensured.
  • the remainder is iron, including the usual accompanying steel elements.
  • Cr, Cu, Ti, Zr, V and Nb can be added depending on the requirement.
  • This well-known lightweight steel has a partially stabilized solid solution structure with a defined stacking fault energy with a z. T. multiple TRIP effect, which causes the stress or strain-induced transformation of a face-centered -solid solution (austenite) into a -martensite (hexagonal close-packed spheres), which then transforms into a body-centered -martensite and residual austenite on further deformation.
  • the high degree of deformation is achieved through TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) and TWIP (Twinning Induced Plasticity) properties of the steel.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method for producing components from metastable austenitic lightweight steel with TRIP and TWIP properties, with which it is possible in a simple and cost-effective manner to use one material to produce components with which different requirements in the operating state are met can become.
  • the forming in order to achieve a particularly high level of toughness in the component, the forming is carried out at a temperature above room temperature which avoids the TRIP/TWIP effect, at 40 to 160° C., and in order to achieve in particular a high component strength, the forming is carried out at a den TRIP/TWIP effect-enhancing temperature below room temperature, at -65 to 0°C.
  • room temperature means a temperature range from 19°C to 27°C.
  • the core of the invention consists in setting the required forming temperatures in a targeted manner according to the requirements of the component.
  • the temperature dependence of the hardening mechanisms in metastable austenitic lightweight steels, which have a TRIP/TWIP effect, is used here.
  • the sheet metal, circuit boards or tubes used to manufacture the components can be bare metal or have a metal coating.
  • the TRIP effect is based on the difference in the free energies of the individual phases. If the difference in energy is exceeded by the deformation energy, the structure collapses accordingly.
  • the ⁇ phase is the stable phase at room temperature, but it has a very small energy difference to the ⁇ or ⁇ phase ( Figure ).
  • the TRIP effect can be intensified at low temperatures by forming when the temperature is varied, since the energy to be overcome is low. If the forming is carried out at temperatures above room temperature, the austenite stabilizes since the energy to be overcome increases sharply.
  • the temperature increase in the component that occurs during forming can be used in a targeted manner.
  • the component experiences a temperature increase from room temperature to approx. 40 to 160°C.
  • the tools usually have to be cooled during production in order not to influence the material properties of the component, cooling is now dispensed with according to the invention or the tools are specifically heated to 40 to 160°C.
  • This procedure is used, for example, in the production of crash-relevant components, such as e.g. B. airbag brackets, which can absorb a much higher amount of energy than components produced at room temperature in the event of a sudden load due to the greatly increased toughness.
  • the high formability of austenitic materials can be optimized without the additional addition of alloying elements by suppressing the TRIP or TWIP effect in the first forming stages of a multi-stage forming process, so that the formability of the base material is still present before the last forming stage.
  • the TRIP or TWIP effect can be favored by low-temperature forming. In this way, component strength can be increased without the addition of further alloying elements.
  • the forming in the first stage or in further stages, can take place at a temperature above room temperature that avoids the deformation-induced TRIP/TWIP effect in order to maintain the ductility of the starting material, and in the final stage, the forming can be carried out at a TRIP/TWIP temperature Effect-enhancing temperature below room temperature to produce a component with high strength.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to produce components that have to be subjected to extreme degrees of deformation. This is achieved through Suppression of the TRIP/TWIP effect at elevated forming temperatures.
  • the forming takes place in several stages, with the forming temperature and/or the degree of deformation and/or the rate of deformation being able to be varied in the individual stages.
  • the forming temperature and/or the degree of deformation and/or the rate of deformation being able to be varied in the individual stages.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger austénitique métastable à l'état initial par formage d'une tôle, d'un larget ou d'un tube en une ou plusieurs étapes, présentant un effet TRIP et/ou TWIP dépendant de la température lors du formage, caractérisé en ce que pour obtenir une ténacité particulièrement élevée du composant, le formage est effectué à une température évitant l'effet TRIP/TWIP au-dessus de la température ambiante, de 40 à 160°C, et pour obtenir une résistance de composant élevée, le formage est effectué à une température renforçant l'effet TRIP/TWIP en dessous de la température ambiante de -65 à 0°C, et en ce que le formage a lieu en plusieurs étapes, dans lequel la température de formage et/ou le degré de déformation et/ou la vitesse de déformation sont variables dans les étapes individuelles, dans lequel le formage dans la première étape ou dans d'autres étapes se produit à une température évitant l'effet TRIP/TWIP induit par déformation au-dessus de la température ambiante et dans l'étape finale, le formage se produit à une température renforçant l'effet TRIP/TWIP en dessous de la température ambiante, dans lequel le composant entier peut être soumis à la température de formage correspondante ou le composant est formé avec des températures partiellement différentes, de sorte que différentes propriétés de matériau peuvent être réalisées à l'intérieur d'un composant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le formage est un laminage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le formage est un emboutissage.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le formage est un formage à haute pression interne (IHU).
EP13730795.5A 2013-05-06 2013-05-06 Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger Active EP2994548B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2013/000266 WO2014180456A1 (fr) 2013-05-06 2013-05-06 Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2994548A1 EP2994548A1 (fr) 2016-03-16
EP2994548B1 true EP2994548B1 (fr) 2022-10-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13730795.5A Active EP2994548B1 (fr) 2013-05-06 2013-05-06 Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier léger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10214790B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2994548B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101749201B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2631219C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014180456A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3095889A1 (fr) 2015-05-22 2016-11-23 Outokumpu Oyj Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en acier austénitique
TR201808389T4 (tr) 2015-07-16 2018-07-23 Outokumpu Oy Ostenitli twip veya trip/twip çeliği bileşeni üretimi için metod.
DE102015111680A1 (de) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-19 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Gasgenerator
DE102015112215A1 (de) * 2015-07-27 2017-02-02 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Hochlegierter Stahl insbesondere zur Herstellung von mit Innenhochdruck umgeformten Rohren und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Rohre aus diesem Stahl
EP3173504A1 (fr) 2015-11-09 2017-05-31 Outokumpu Oyj Procédé de fabrication d'un composant d'acier austenitique et utilisation dudit composant
DE102016104800A1 (de) * 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten Stahlbauteils und ein warmumgeformtes Stahlbauteil
DE102016110661A1 (de) * 2016-06-09 2017-12-14 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines kaltgewalzten Stahlbandes aus einem hochfesten, manganhaltigen Stahl
CN109642263B (zh) * 2016-08-23 2021-02-26 德国沙士基达板材有限公司 一种用于制造在进一步加工过程中具有改进性能的高强度钢带的方法以及这种钢带
DE102016117502A1 (de) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Warm- oder Kaltbandes und/oder eines flexibel gewalzten Stahlflachprodukts aus einem hochfesten manganhaltigen Stahl und Stahlflachprodukt hiernach
DE102016117494A1 (de) 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines umgeformten Bauteils aus einem mittelmanganhaltigen Stahlflachprodukt und ein derartiges Bauteil
EP3512967A1 (fr) * 2016-09-16 2019-07-24 Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH Procédé pour la fabrication d'une pièce façonnée en un produit plat en acier contenant du manganèse et pièce correspondante
WO2018083028A1 (fr) * 2016-11-02 2018-05-11 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Tube sans soudure en acier au manganèse moyen et procédé de fabrication
MX2020009524A (es) 2018-03-13 2020-10-28 Ak Steel Properties Inc Reduccion a temperatura elevada de aceros recubiertos que contienen austenita metastable.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014180456A8 (fr) 2015-08-20
KR101749201B1 (ko) 2017-06-20
EP2994548A1 (fr) 2016-03-16
RU2631219C2 (ru) 2017-09-19
WO2014180456A1 (fr) 2014-11-13
US10214790B2 (en) 2019-02-26
RU2015152135A (ru) 2017-06-13
US20160122839A1 (en) 2016-05-05
KR20160003744A (ko) 2016-01-11

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