EP2952730B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne et soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne et soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2952730B1
EP2952730B1 EP15168604.5A EP15168604A EP2952730B1 EP 2952730 B1 EP2952730 B1 EP 2952730B1 EP 15168604 A EP15168604 A EP 15168604A EP 2952730 B1 EP2952730 B1 EP 2952730B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enamel
valve head
coating
oxide
valve
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Active
Application number
EP15168604.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2952730A1 (fr
Inventor
Oliver Berkemeier
Clemens Maria Verpoort
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of EP2952730A1 publication Critical patent/EP2952730A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/005—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by a method specially adapted for coating special objects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/02—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by wet methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D7/00—Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/903—Glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9038—Coatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an injection valve for an internal combustion engine, in particular for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to an injection valve for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • Internal combustion engines serve to contain those contained in a fuel To transform energy into kinetic energy. In order to obtain an ignitable and efficient mixture for the combustion process, the fuel must be mixed with ambient air, in particular with the oxygen (O 2 ) contained therein. Whereas it was still usual, especially in motor vehicles until some time ago, to provide the desired mixing by means of a carburettor outside the combustion chamber, modern injection systems prevail today.
  • injectors are used to inject the fuel in precisely metered quantities directly into the associated combustion chambers filled with air (direct injection).
  • the fuel is atomized in the air within the respective combustion chamber in order to obtain a safe and in particular low-emission combustion. In this way, the mixture formation now takes place almost exclusively within the combustion chamber.
  • gasoline engines are considered as external igniters, while diesel engines are referred to as compression-ignition.
  • diesel engines are referred to as compression-ignition.
  • gasoline engines located in the combustion chamber mixture is first compressed and then ignited, for example via a spark plug.
  • spark plug In contrast, concentrated in diesel engines, the compression of the combustion chamber supplied air, which thereby experiences a rapid increase in temperature. The temperature generated is sufficient to ignite the subsequently injected into the compressed air diesel fuel.
  • valve head of an injection valve Since in direct injection the fuel must be introduced directly into the individual combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, the valve head of an injection valve is directly exposed to the heat generated during the combustion process.
  • the valve head is either arranged in sections in the combustion chamber or at least directly facing it.
  • the valve head is charged directly with the heat of combustion.
  • the valve head in this installation position is subject to special requirements. In addition to the high temperatures, it is also sometimes necessary to withstand high injection pressures and temperature shocks. In addition, corrosive effects due to the combustion products formed during combustion must be taken into account, which play a major role in particular when using alternative fuels.
  • liquid form such as gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) are also used as gas fuels, for example in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG) or hydrogen (H 2 ).
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Other alternative fuels include, for example, ethanol (C 2 H 6 O) or methanol (CH 4 O).
  • the DE 42 22 137 B4 to take a fuel injector for a diesel internal combustion engine.
  • This comprises a nozzle body with these penetrating spray holes, on the wall of which a coating is applied.
  • the coating thickens towards the outlet of the spray holes so that the spray holes taper towards their outlet.
  • the coating itself is made of a hard material such as chromium, nickel, nickel-phosphorus, nickel-boron, nickel-cobalt-boron, Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Cr 3 C 2 , SiO 2 , AlSi, NiCr, WTi or WC formed.
  • a fuel injection valve which also has a at least around the mouth region of its outlet opening around a coating.
  • the coating is a catalytically active layer of Co or Ni or cobalt or nickel oxides or oxides of Co or Ni alloys or Ru or Rh or Pd or Os or Ir or Pt or alloys of these metals with each other or with others metals.
  • JP 2007-309167 A a combustion chamber cleaning system for an internal combustion engine.
  • titanium oxide is applied to a surface of an injection opening of an injector.
  • the JP 2005-155618 A discloses a method of forming a coating of titanium oxide on a nozzle of an injector.
  • injection valves for internal combustion engines in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles therefore continue to offer room for improvement.
  • the invention has the object of further developing a method for producing an injection valve and an injection valve for an internal combustion engine, that a cost-effective and integrable in existing production processes possibility of forming a suitable coating is made possible by which a secure function to improve the guaranteed exhaust emissions during operation.
  • the solution of the procedural part of this task is content of a method having the features of claim 1.
  • the objective part of this object is achieved by an injection valve having the features of claim 8.
  • the method according to the invention includes the production of an injection valve for an internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine may particularly preferably be a motor vehicle engine.
  • the injection valve conventionally comprises a valve body with a valve head.
  • the valve head is provided for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the valve head is designed so that it is at least partially disposed in the combustion chamber in the internal combustion engine in the installed state of the injection valve. If the valve head as flush as possible with those, the combustion chamber bounding surfaces to be formed, the valve head is at least directly facing the combustion chamber. Furthermore, said valve head is at least partially coated with a suitable coating.
  • the essence of the method according to the invention is the at least partially forming the enamel coating on the valve head of the valve body of the injection valve. Compared to the arrangement of a noble metal coating, this results in the advantage that the enamel coating according to the invention largely prevents the deposition of oil carbon. In this respect, the enamel coating is not only the lowering of the necessary temperature for burning of such deposits, but prevents or at least reduces their formation from the beginning.
  • the enamel coating of the invention acts as an additional insulator with a corresponding thermal insulation effect.
  • the enamel coating is not unimpeded heat extracted by the fuel.
  • the enamel coating on its outer surface receives a high start-up temperature during operation of the internal combustion engine. This may cause a catalysis reaction as early as possible.
  • a protective insulating and non-stick layer is virtually formed on the valve head of the injection valve, with regard to the protective function of which the exhaust gas values produced during operation of the internal combustion engine are correspondingly improved.
  • valve head and valve body can be previously connected to each other by laser welding.
  • the at least one injection hole can be introduced by means of erosion into the valve head prior to this connection. This is advantageous in that erosion, such as die sinking, requires an electrically conductive material. Since an oxidic enamel coating is electrically insulating, it must consequently be formed only after eroding the valve head.
  • the valve body with the valve head with a compressed air which is available in such process chains regularly available or can be easily made available.
  • the flow of fluid is carried out until the enamel slurry is completely dried and cured.
  • the flow of fluid can be applied to the measure of drying the applied Reduce enamel slip. In other words, maintaining the throughflow during the heating action to form the enamel coating will not be necessary due to the drying of the enamel slip already carried out.
  • the enamel coating may particularly preferably be an oxidic as well as smooth and catalytically effective enamel coating.
  • the enamel coating can also be designed as a "clean enamel".
  • Such enamel coatings are known, for example, in the lining of household appliances such as ovens. These include a self-cleaning effect when the oven is operated at a higher temperature than usual. This is then a cleaning annealing, in which any adherent deposits such as oil deposits can be degraded purely catalytically without mechanical action.
  • the thermal insulation effect of the enamel coating can be improved by the addition of a high proportion of Ti oxides.
  • the starting point for the arranged enamel coating may preferably be a mass in the form of a mineral mixture, which is in a liquid, pulpy to viscous consistency and is applied in a suitable manner to the roughened or the parts of the head region.
  • the enamel slip can be applied using a job roll or applicator brush.
  • the order can be done for example by spraying, in particular by airless spraying.
  • the application of the enamel slip can be carried out by immersing the valve head in the enamel slurry.
  • this form of the order is extremely economical, since this no additional energy For example, to accelerate individual slurry particles such as when spraying requires. Also, and above all, no overspray is generated, which, in addition to possible reworking on the injection valve, results in a high consumption of enamel slurry.
  • the subsequent drying of the applied enamel slip can take place, for example, in ambient air or by flowing on heated air.
  • the invention provides that the drying of the applied on the valve head enamel slurry can be carried out in an oven. In this way, the drying process and thus the manufacturing process can be accelerated overall. In addition, the drying times can be precisely determined due to the controllable drying and can be precisely timed with the other measures.
  • heating also means annealing, sintering or baking.
  • a temperature range of 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. is considered, in which the heating of the applied slip can preferably be carried out. More preferably, the heating can be done using a shielding gas. By heating under a protective gas, the formation of scale and tarnishing layers, in particular on the external thread of the spark plug can be effectively prevented.
  • the enamel coating can be formed in only a small layer thickness of 50 microns to 80 microns. This also makes it possible to provide a retrofit solution for already existing injection valves since no reworking of the at least one injection hole is necessary.
  • the valve head can be roughened, at least in regions, before the application of the enamel slip.
  • the basis for the order of the enamel slip can be created by a suitable Aufrauvon the valve head.
  • the roughening can be done for example by means of steel gravel blasting.
  • further Aufrauvon are conceivable, which allow a suitable pre-processing of the respective surfaces for the order of the enamel slip.
  • the roughening serves primarily to create a durable bond between the surface of the valve head and the enamel coating. This can thereby better anchored in the surface of the valve head.
  • by roughening the contact surface can be increased.
  • the now presented inventive method for producing an injection valve allows a cost-effective and easily integrated into existing production processes possibility of forming a coating in the form of an enamel coating.
  • the enamel coating according to the invention on the valve head prevents deposition of liquid fuel in the form of droplets, which otherwise dry on the surface of the valve head. Here they leave after some time tar and / or coal deposits, which are not easy to remove. Such deposits have a negative effect on the emissions of the internal combustion engine in operation.
  • the effect of the inventive enamel coating of the valve head as a catalyst causes the said droplets to evaporate on the surface of the valve head and thus can not form deposits.
  • the invention further relates to an injection valve for an internal combustion engine, in particular for such a motor vehicle.
  • the injection valve is produced by the method according to the invention presented above.
  • the injection valve comprises a valve body with a valve head.
  • the valve head has at least one injection hole.
  • the valve head is designed to be arranged at least in sections in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine or to be at least directly facing it.
  • the Valve head at least partially coated with a coating.
  • the coating is an enamel coating.
  • the enamel coating is formed from a slip, in particular an enamel slip.
  • a slip in particular an enamel slip.
  • the composition of the enamel slip it is provided that it can be composed of at least one glass-forming oxide together with at least one further constituent and, if required, additionally of at least one clouding agent.
  • the enamel coating according to the invention is preferably a melt mixture. At the enamel temperature, the glass-forming oxides melt together to form a glass melt.
  • Base enamels contain about 23-34% by weight (by weight) of borax, 28-52% by weight of feldspar, 5-20% by weight of quartz, about 5% by weight of fluoride, and the balance of soda and sodium nitrate.
  • the oxides of Ti, Zr and Mo can serve.
  • ceramic pigments such as e.g. Iron oxides, chromium oxides and spinels may be included.
  • the substances mentioned are finely ground and melted in a preferred embodiment.
  • the melt is quenched, so preferably added to water, wherein the resulting granular glassy frit is finely ground again in the subsequent step.
  • 30% to 40% of water is added together with clay and quartz flour.
  • the opacifiers and color oxides mentioned are added.
  • an enamel slip is formed, which for a better mixture should rest for some time, preferably a few days, before the enamel slip would continue to be used.
  • suitable adjusting means it is ensured that a uniform layer thickness results.
  • this may preferably have a high content of cerium oxide (CeO). Due to its catalytic effect, droplets of fuel settling on the surface of the enamel coating are vaporized. As a result, no deposits can form, which could later have negative effects on the exhaust emissions. Furthermore, this can be the start temperature for burning the fuel and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are reduced in an advantageous manner. As a result, the emission values of the internal combustion engine can also be reduced.
  • CeO cerium oxide
  • the invention provides that the enamel coating contained therein is conical. Alternatively or in addition, this may have a trumpet-shaped configuration.
  • the reason for this may be a measure during the formation of the enamel coating, which can provide for the flow of the valve body with a fluid to keep the injection hole during the order of enamel slurry. Said fluid flows through the injection hole from the valve head, whereby the previously described characteristic shape of the spray hole with respect to the enamel coating is formed.
  • the resulting advantage lies in an improved turbulence of the emerging in use from the spray hole fuel.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of an injection valve 1 according to the invention produced by the inventive method.
  • Said injection valve 1 is intended for use in an internal combustion engine, not shown.
  • the internal combustion engine may in particular be an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • a portion of a wall 2 of a cylinder head 3 of the internal combustion engine, not further shown, is indicated, through which the injection valve 1 is arranged.
  • a partial region of the injection valve 1 protrudes into a combustion chamber 4 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the injection valve 1 essentially comprises a valve body 5.
  • the combustion chamber 4 facing, in particular at least partially arranged in this section of the valve body 5 has a valve head 6.
  • the dotted lines extending in a longitudinal direction a of the injection valve 1 serve to illustrate a channel 7 within the injection valve 1. Through this channel 7, a fuel (not shown) can be injected into the combustion chamber 4 via the injection valve 1.
  • the valve head 6 is provided with an enamel coating 9 beyond its front side 8.
  • the enamel coating 9 can extend only over the end face 8 or beyond it up to and onto the valve body 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows the injection valve 1 from Fig. 1
  • any hints of the wall 2 of the cylinder head 3 and the outside of the combustion chamber 4 were located and in Fig. 1 shown end portion of the injection valve 1 omitted.
  • the valve head 6 has a plurality of injection holes 10 visible from the outside in this view, from which the fuel can enter the combustion chamber 4 in a manner not shown in detail.
  • the injection holes 10 are distributed with a number of six at a radially equal distance from the central longitudinal axis a of the injection valve 1 around it. In this case, they have a constant distance below each other, so that they are each offset by an equal angle b to each other.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'injection (1) pour un moteur à combustion, comprenant un corps de soupape (5) avec une tête de soupape (6) comprenant au moins un trou d'injection (10), qui est configurée pour être agencée au moins en partie dans une chambre de combustion (4) du moteur à combustion ou pour au moins être orientée directement vers celle-ci, la tête de soupape (6) étant revêtue au moins en partie avec un revêtement,
    comprenant au moins les étapes suivantes :
    - le passage d'air comprimé dans le corps de soupape (5), l'air comprimé sortant de la tête de soupape (6) par le trou d'injection (10),
    - l'application au moins partielle d'une barbotine d'émail sur la tête de soupape (6) simultanément traversée par de l'air comprimé,
    - le séchage de la barbotine d'émail appliquée sur la tête de soupape (6),
    - le chauffage de la barbotine d'émail appliquée sur la tête de soupape (6) pour la formation d'un revêtement d'émail (9).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'application de la barbotine d'émail est réalisée par immersion de la tête de soupape (6) dans la barbotine d'émail.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le séchage de la barbotine d'émail appliquée sur la tête de soupape (6) est réalisé dans un four.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage de la barbotine d'émail est réalisé dans une plage de température allant de 800 °C à 900 °C.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage de la barbotine d'émail est réalisé en utilisant un gaz protecteur.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement d'émail (9) est formé en une épaisseur de couche de 50 µm à 80 µm.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la barbotine d'émail contient au moins un oxyde formant du verre du groupe suivant :
    - le dioxyde de silicium (SiO2),
    - le trioxyde de bore (B2O3),
    - l'oxyde de sodium (Na2O),
    - l'oxyde de potassium (K2O),
    - l'oxyde d'aluminium (Al2O3),
    ainsi qu'au moins un constituant du groupe suivant :
    - le borax,
    - le feldspath,
    - le quartz,
    - le fluorure,
    - la soude,
    - le nitrate de sodium,
    et au besoin au moins un opacifiant du groupe suivant :
    - le titane (Ti),
    - le zirconium (Zr),
    - le molybdène (Mo).
  8. Soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion fabriquée par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un corps de soupape (5), avec une tête de soupape (6) comprenant au moins un trou d'injection (10), qui est configurée pour être agencée au moins en partie dans une chambre de combustion (4) du moteur à combustion ou pour au moins être orientée directement vers celle-ci, la tête de soupape (6) étant revêtue au moins en partie avec un revêtement,
    caractérisée en ce que le revêtement est un revêtement d'émail (9).
  9. Soupape d'injection selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement d'émail (9) est formé par une barbotine d'émail, la barbotine d'émail contenant au moins un oxyde formant du verre du groupe suivant :
    - le dioxyde de silicium (SiO2),
    - le trioxyde de bore (B2O3),
    - l'oxyde de sodium (Na2O),
    - l'oxyde de potassium (K2O),
    - l'oxyde d'aluminium (Al2O3),
    ainsi qu'au moins un constituant du groupe suivant :
    - le borax,
    - le feldspath,
    - le quartz,
    - le fluorure,
    - la soude,
    - le nitrate de sodium,
    et au besoin au moins un opacifiant du groupe suivant :
    - le titane (Ti),
    - le zirconium (Zr),
    - le molybdène (Mo).
  10. Soupape d'injection selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement d'émail (9) comprend au moins un oxyde du groupe suivant :
    - l'oxyde de cobalt,
    - l'oxyde de manganèse,
    - l'oxyde de nickel.
EP15168604.5A 2014-06-06 2015-05-21 Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne et soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne Active EP2952730B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014210872.1A DE102014210872A1 (de) 2014-06-06 2014-06-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Einspritzventils für einen Verbrennungsmotor sowie Einspritzventil für einen Verbrennungsmotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2952730A1 EP2952730A1 (fr) 2015-12-09
EP2952730B1 true EP2952730B1 (fr) 2018-03-07

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EP15168604.5A Active EP2952730B1 (fr) 2014-06-06 2015-05-21 Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne et soupape d'injection pour un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2952730B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105179131A (fr)
DE (1) DE102014210872A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2015121743A (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1170297A (fr) * 1981-09-21 1984-07-03 Samuel J. Mcfrisby Ensemble pliant caisson et patins, sa fabrication et son emploi
US4643359A (en) * 1985-03-19 1987-02-17 Allied Corporation Mini injector valve
US4951878A (en) * 1987-11-16 1990-08-28 Casey Gary L Pico fuel injector valve
JPH05242954A (ja) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-21 Mazda Motor Corp 点火プラグおよびその製造方法
DE4222137B4 (de) 1992-07-06 2006-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen
JPH10115424A (ja) * 1996-01-31 1998-05-06 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd スパークプラグ
DE19951014A1 (de) 1999-07-02 2001-01-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
JP4155259B2 (ja) 2003-11-06 2008-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 内燃機関用燃料噴射弁に被膜を形成する方法
JP2007309167A (ja) 2006-05-17 2007-11-29 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃焼室浄化システム
JP5082987B2 (ja) * 2008-03-31 2012-11-28 株式会社豊田中央研究所 内燃機関
JP5878298B2 (ja) * 2011-03-02 2016-03-08 リグナイト株式会社 断熱材用組成物及び断熱材
US20130300278A1 (en) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Uci/Fram Group Fouling resistant spark plug
DE102013213993A1 (de) 2013-07-17 2015-01-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Einspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Einspritzventils

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
RU2015121743A (ru) 2016-12-27
CN105179131A (zh) 2015-12-23
DE102014210872A1 (de) 2015-12-17
EP2952730A1 (fr) 2015-12-09

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