EP2931004B1 - Élément de chauffage - Google Patents

Élément de chauffage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2931004B1
EP2931004B1 EP15162778.3A EP15162778A EP2931004B1 EP 2931004 B1 EP2931004 B1 EP 2931004B1 EP 15162778 A EP15162778 A EP 15162778A EP 2931004 B1 EP2931004 B1 EP 2931004B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
element according
warp threads
electrically conductive
weft threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15162778.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2931004A1 (fr
Inventor
Sören Tüngler
Hans-Gerog Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermofer & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Thermofer & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermofer & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Thermofer & Co KG GmbH
Priority to EP17201363.3A priority Critical patent/EP3302001A1/fr
Priority to PL15162778T priority patent/PL2931004T3/pl
Publication of EP2931004A1 publication Critical patent/EP2931004A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2931004B1 publication Critical patent/EP2931004B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H05B3/347—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles woven fabrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H05B2203/015—Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a planar heating element comprising a fabric which is provided with a coating containing carbon nanotubes.
  • Carbon nanotubes are already known to serve as a source of heat.
  • CNT-based heating elements with a separate planar support, which carries carbon nanotubes and a plurality of contacts, wherein the carbon nanotubes are excitable by applying an electrical voltage to the contacts for infrared emission, are out DE 10 200 008 967 B4 .
  • DE 20 2006 007 228 U1 .
  • DE 20 2008 007 815 U1 .
  • the WO 2013/072338 A2 discloses a sheet-like heating element comprising a fabric.
  • the fabric contains warp threads and weft threads. A part of the warp threads and / or weft threads is electrically conductive. A part of the surface of the thread material is coated with a coating material containing carbon nanotubes.
  • a disadvantage of this fabric is that many fire protection requirements with such fabrics can not or only with difficulty be met.
  • the heat-insulating layer has a density in a range of 15 to 200 kg / m 3 .
  • the heat-insulating layer preferably comprises a foam.
  • the heat-insulating layer consists of a thermoplastic.
  • the heat-insulating layer consists of a foam made of polyolefin, in particular polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is preferably in a range of 3 to 50 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity (+ 30 ° C) of the heat-insulating layer is preferably in a range of 0.01 to 0.06 W / mK. This can be measured according to the standard MSZ EN 12667: 2001 E.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads whose thread material is electrically conductive preferably consist of strands, particularly preferably copper strands.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads are electrically conductive.
  • the strands preferably have 25 to 200 strands, particularly preferably 50 to 150 strands.
  • a strand of up to 20 wires is used for a similar though not comparable use.
  • such a small number of wires had the disadvantage that the electrical connections could not be made so reliably automated.
  • the skilled person rather chose a small number of wires, since he could save weight, cost and material and strands with fewer wires were common in similar applications.
  • a higher than usual number of wires has significantly improved the safety and reliability of the heating element according to the invention.
  • the strands are integrated into an electrical circuit via a crimp connection, more preferably via a mandrel crimp connection or an F crimp connection.
  • the strands have been soldered in similar applications. This had the disadvantage that the solder joint was often defective, since the carbon nanotubes have efficiently removed the heat and in the past either the heating element was damaged by too high heat during soldering or the solder joint was not conductive.
  • a mandrel crimp connection or an F crimp connection produces a more reliable heating element compared to the prior art.
  • the compounds are preferably made of copper.
  • the coating material contains at least 10 wt%, more preferably at least 50 wt%, most preferably at least 90 wt%, most preferably 100 wt% carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotubes are preferably anisotropically arranged in the coating material.
  • the coating with the coating material preferably has a thickness in a range of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the carbon nanotubes particularly preferably have an average length (median) of 1 to 200 ⁇ m. More preferably, the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter (median) of 5 to 20 nm.
  • At least 90%, most preferably 100%, of the surface of the thread material is coated with a coating material containing carbon nanotubes.
  • the thread material also be coated on one side only. This would have advantages for applications such as turf heating or wall installation, since then the heat is predominantly emitted in one direction only.
  • individual warp threads and / or weft threads of electrically conductive thread material are not surrounded on both sides of the respective thread by warp threads and / or weft threads made of non-electrically conductive thread material.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads made of electrically conductive thread material are always arranged in groups of 3 to 10 adjacent warp threads and / or weft threads made of electrically conductive thread material.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads preferably have a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm, particularly preferably 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
  • the warp threads and / or weft threads are preferably spaced apart from one another by 2 to 50 mm, in particular 3 to 10 mm.
  • the fabric is cast in a synthetic resin.
  • the basis weight of the synthetic resin is preferably in a range of 150% to 3,000%, more preferably in a range of 300 to 1,000% of the basis weight of the fabric.
  • the fabric can be spaced from the heat-insulating layer.
  • this can be effected by the electrical insulation of the tissue.
  • the molded in synthetic resin tissue is preferably flexible.
  • the synthetic resin may have holes, which in turn are preferably arranged centrally in the mesh of the fabric. This allows the fabric to be water permeable, which is important in applications such as turf heating.
  • This insulating layer is additionally arranged around the coating material.
  • This insulating layer preferably has a thickness in a range of 0.1 to 4 mm.
  • This insulating layer preferably contains an elastomer and most preferably a butadiene-styrene copolymer. This has the advantage that the warp and weft threads are then fixed relative to each other but flexible.
  • the heating element according to the invention preferably has a covering surrounding the fabric and optionally the heat-insulating layer.
  • This envelope is preferably spaced from the fabric by at least 0.2 mm, in particular at least 1 mm.
  • the sheath preferably has a carrier fabric.
  • This carrier fabric is preferably a polyester fabric.
  • the yarn count of the carrier fabric is preferably in a range of 900 to 1500 dtex and can be measured according to DIN EN ISO 2060.
  • the basis weight of the carrier fabric is preferably in a range of 100 to 200 g / m 2 .
  • the wrapper preferably contains a thermoplastic material other than polyester. This material is preferably PVC.
  • the weight per unit area of the cover is preferably in a range of 300 to 600 g / m 2 .
  • the sheath preferably has a thickness in a range of 0.5 to 2 mm.
  • the heating element can be switched on and off, for example, via a temperature sensor at the set target temperature and / or via a self-learning control.
  • the heating element according to the invention may be a lawn heating or used as such.
  • warp threads and / or weft threads are then spaced from each other 4 to 80 mm, in particular 10 to 50 mm apart.
  • the electrically conductive threads are the warp threads.
  • These electrically conductive warp threads can preferably be objected to at least 1 m.
  • the heating element according to the invention can be a space heating and / or external heating or used as such.
  • the fabric consisted of glass fiber threads with a mesh size of 7 x 5 mm and a width of 2.00 m as endless rolls.
  • the Textile had on each of fifty successive weft threads of glass fiber filaments 7 copper filaments of copper strand with 72 cores instead of the glass fiber filaments. All threads each had a diameter of 0.5 mm. From the roll goods a piece with a length of 1.40 m was cut off.
  • the finishing of the textile was completed by applying twice a water-repellent and electrically insulating protective layer of butadiene-styrene copolymer.
  • the copper filaments were each electrically connected with a mandrel crimp connection.
  • the fabric was then double-coated with commercially available PVC plastic so that the fabric had a 1 mm thick layer of this plastic on both sides.
  • this composite was provided on one side over its entire surface with a heat-insulating layer.
  • the cast-in tissue was laminated with 10 mm thick Polifoam® FR C 3309 DN1 F11 from Trocellen.
  • This composite was placed in a cover made of tent fabric (HyTex® piping H5533).
  • the heating element was serially connected to the power.
  • the heating power of the heating element was regulated via the connection voltage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Elément chauffant plat comprenant un tissu qui contient des fils de chaîne et des fils de trame, dans lequel
    a) le matériau de fil de 5 % à 90 % des fils de chaîne et/ou des fils de trame est électriquement conducteur, et
    b) au moins 50 % de la surface du matériau de fil est revêtue d'un matériau de revêtement contenant des nanotubes de carbone,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant comprend au moins une couche d'isolation thermique qui est espacée du tissu de 0,1 à 5 mm, une couche d'isolation électrique étant disposée autour du matériau de revêtement.
  2. Elément chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fils de chaîne et/ou les fils de trame dont le matériau de fil est électriquement conducteur sont constitués de torons, de manière particulièrement préférée de torons de cuivre.
  3. Elément chauffant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins 50 % des torons sont reliés par une liaison sertie, de manière particulièrement préférée par une liaison sertie en broche ou une liaison sertie en F, dans un circuit électrique.
  4. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de revêtement contient au moins 10 % en poids, de manière particulièrement préférée au moins 50 % en poids de nanotubes de carbone.
  5. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que des fils de chaîne et/ou des fils de trame individuels en matériau de fil électriquement conducteur ne sont pas entourés des deux côtés de fils de chaîne et/ou de fils de trame en matériau de fil non électriquement conducteur, et de manière particulièrement préférée des fils de chaîne et/ou des fils de trame en matériau de fil électriquement conducteur sont toujours agencés sous la forme de groupes de 3 à 10 fils de chaîne et/ou fils de trame en matériau de fil électriquement conducteur disposés côte-à-côte.
  6. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les fils de chaîne et/ou les fils de trame ont un diamètre de 0,1 à 5 mm, de manière particulièrement préférée de 0,2 à 0,8 mm.
  7. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le tissu est noyé dans une résine synthétique.
  8. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de revêtement contient jusqu'à 90 % en poids, de manière particulièrement préférée jusqu'à 50% en poids de thermoplastique et/ou d'élastomère.
  9. Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'isolation thermique présente une densité dans une plage de 15 à 50 kg/m3.
EP15162778.3A 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage Not-in-force EP2931004B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17201363.3A EP3302001A1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage
PL15162778T PL2931004T3 (pl) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Element grzejny

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014105215.3A DE102014105215A1 (de) 2014-04-11 2014-04-11 Heizelement

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17201363.3A Division-Into EP3302001A1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage
EP17201363.3A Division EP3302001A1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2931004A1 EP2931004A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
EP2931004B1 true EP2931004B1 (fr) 2018-06-06

Family

ID=53180507

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17201363.3A Withdrawn EP3302001A1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage
EP15162778.3A Not-in-force EP2931004B1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17201363.3A Withdrawn EP3302001A1 (fr) 2014-04-11 2015-04-08 Élément de chauffage

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9756685B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3302001A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2888001A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014105215A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2931004T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2684096T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE039541T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2931004T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2931004T (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2545233B (en) * 2015-12-09 2018-06-27 Dyson Technology Ltd Flexible heating plate for hair
KR101887891B1 (ko) * 2016-02-17 2018-08-13 주식회사 아모센스 휴대단말기용 백커버 및 이를 포함하는 백커버 일체형 안테나모듈
DE102018129746A1 (de) 2018-11-26 2020-05-28 Thermofer GmbH & Co. KG Heizvorrichtung

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DE29824578U1 (de) * 1998-05-15 2001-08-30 Stoeckl Roland Elektrisches Heizelement
US6403935B2 (en) * 1999-05-11 2002-06-11 Thermosoft International Corporation Soft heating element and method of its electrical termination
US6649886B1 (en) * 2002-05-11 2003-11-18 David Kleshchik Electric heating cloth and method
DE102005015050A1 (de) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-12 Ewald Dörken Ag Flächenheizeinrichtung
DE202005014678U1 (de) 2005-05-19 2006-09-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Heizelement mit zumindest einem Nanotubes umfasenden Verbundsystem
EP1961264B1 (fr) * 2005-12-11 2016-05-18 Gentherm GmbH Element chauffant plat
KR100749886B1 (ko) 2006-02-03 2007-08-21 (주) 나노텍 탄소나노튜브를 이용한 발열체
ATE435584T1 (de) * 2006-02-24 2009-07-15 Sefar Ag Flächenheizelement und verfahren zur herstellung eines flächenheizelementes
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DE202007014328U1 (de) 2007-10-12 2007-12-20 Beier, Gerhard M., Dipl.-Ing. Infrarot-Flächenheiz-Paravent aus Dünnschiefer
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2931004A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
HUE039541T2 (hu) 2019-01-28
DE102014105215A1 (de) 2015-10-15
DK2931004T3 (en) 2018-09-03
US20150296567A1 (en) 2015-10-15
PL2931004T3 (pl) 2018-12-31
EP3302001A1 (fr) 2018-04-04
US9756685B2 (en) 2017-09-05
ES2684096T3 (es) 2018-10-01
CA2888001A1 (fr) 2015-10-11
PT2931004T (pt) 2018-10-11

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