EP2922986A2 - Verfahren zur nanostrukturierung und anodisation einer metalloberfläche - Google Patents
Verfahren zur nanostrukturierung und anodisation einer metalloberflächeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2922986A2 EP2922986A2 EP13805735.1A EP13805735A EP2922986A2 EP 2922986 A2 EP2922986 A2 EP 2922986A2 EP 13805735 A EP13805735 A EP 13805735A EP 2922986 A2 EP2922986 A2 EP 2922986A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- metal
- radiation
- equation
- metal alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/06—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by anodic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/30—Anodisation of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for nanostructuring and oxidation of a surface comprising an anodisable metal and / or anodizable
- Metal alloy includes, both of which may be coated with an oxide layer, by means of laser or particle radiation in an inert or reactive atmosphere and subsequent anodization.
- anodizable metal or anodizable metal alloy is used as the anode in an electrolytic cell, which further comprises a cathode connected to the anode (usually made of
- Metal alloy oxidized In electrolytes which also contain a metal oxide redissolving additive in a suitable concentration, under suitable conditions, the process may be conducted so that a smaller portion of the oxidized surface is continually redissolved by the electrolyte, while a larger portion of the surface is still oxidized , In this way, structures of micro- or on the oxidized surface
- Nanometer dimensions in the special case of titanium in the form of nanotubes, created.
- these surfaces include after anodization
- the invention relates to a method for nanostructuring and oxidation of a surface of a material which comprises an anodisable metal and / or an anodizable metal alloy, both of which may be at least partially coated with an oxide layer,
- Laser irradiation or for irradiation with a particle beam is accessible and on which the structures are to be generated, with a pulsed laser beam or a continuous particle beam, which is selected from an electron or ion beam or a beam of uncharged particles or a combination thereof, a full - Is scanned repeatedly or in such a way that adjacent light spots of the laser beam or scanning spots of the particle beam abut gapless or overlap, the following conditions are met: when scanned with a laser beam and the pulse length of the laser pulses t about 0.1 ns to is about 2000 ns,
- d diameter of the energetic radiation at the material surface [pm]; a: absorption of the energetic radiation of the irradiated material [%] at the irradiated wavelength under normal conditions; or,
- d diameter of the energetic radiation at the material surface [ ⁇ ]; with the proviso that d / v ⁇ about 7000 ns;
- P m mean power of the exiting radiation [W];
- Vacuum or a gas or gas mixture inert to the surface under the process conditions or
- Process conditions is reactive gas or gas mixture through which the metal and / or the metal alloy and / or the oxide layer on the metal and / or the metal alloy during or after scanning with the laser or particle beam with respect to its or their composition prior to scanning the laser or particle beam is chemically modified;
- Figure 1 shows the surface of a Ti-6AI-4V alloy according to simpler
- FIG. 2 shows the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after nanostructuring by means of a laser beam.
- FIG. 3 shows the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after nanostructuring by means of a laser beam in an argon atmosphere and subsequent anodization.
- FIG. 4 shows the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after nanostructuring by means of a laser beam under an oxygen atmosphere.
- FIG. 5 shows the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after nanostructuring by means of a laser beam under an oxygen atmosphere and subsequent anodization.
- Metal alloy surface of a material by nanostructuring by means of laser or particle radiation in an inert or reactive atmosphere Metal alloy surface of a material by nanostructuring by means of laser or particle radiation in an inert or reactive atmosphere
- the roughening or structuring in the nanometer range of surfaces is especially for a good adhesion of adhesives, paints, biological
- a single or multiple irradiation with a pulsed laser beam or a continuous particle beam in an inert or reactive atmosphere under the conditions mentioned in the method described above can produce nanostructured surfaces suitable for good adhesion e.g. adhesives, lacquers, solder, sealants, bone cement, adhesion promoters or biological tissue as well as other coatings such as coatings to protect against chemical or thermal exposure. It can
- Materials are adhesively bonded together when such nanostructures have been produced on at least one material.
- Embodiment generally open-pored, fissured and / or fractal-like nanostructures, such as open-pore hill and valley structures, open-pore
- the scanning of the output surface with the laser or particle beam can be done one or more times in succession with the same process parameters and the same laser or particle beam or with different
- Process parameters or with different process parameters are performed. By repeated sampling under certain circumstances an even finer structure can be produced.
- the starting surface comprising the metal or metal alloy and / or an oxide layer, if present, is formed prior to
- Scanning with the laser or particle beam not pretreated or cleaned but it may also be e.g. be cleaned or pickled with a solvent.
- Structuring with a laser or particle beam alone provides many materials, especially for good adhesion.
- a simultaneous oxidation of the surface is desired or required, which is more uniform and / or has a greater layer thickness and in particular is even more porous than one which may be present after treatment with the laser. or particle beam remaining oxide layer (if one with oxide
- the metal and / or metal alloy encompassed by the surface are selected from anodisable metals and / or metal alloys. These include in particular aluminum, titanium, magnesium, iron, cobalt, zinc, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum, vanadium and / or their alloys and steel. In addition to pure titanium, in particular cobalt-chromium alloys, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys and the alloys Ti-6AI-4V, Mg-4Al-Zn, Ta-10W, Al 2024 (Al-4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.6 Mn) and V2A steel (X5CrNi18-10).
- the metal and / or the metal alloy which may optionally be at least partially coated with an oxide layer, may also be in a metal-ceramic composite or a composite of a metal and / or a metal alloy, the heat-conducting carbonaceous and / or boron nitride containing particles and / or fibers present.
- the pressure present in the process according to the invention is generally in the range of about 10 "17 bar to about 10 " bar when working in vacuo and in the range of about 10 "6 bar to about atmospheric pressure for particle beams and up to about 15 bar for laser beams when operating in an atmosphere of a deliberately added inert or reactive gas or gas mixture, the temperature outside the laser or particle beam is within the range of
- Laser radiation dependent absorption of the energetic radiation of the irradiated material ⁇ under normal conditions which in the above-mentioned expression for ⁇ or ⁇ or 82 are used, are material properties of the treated metal or the treated metal alloy.
- coated with an oxide layer metals or metal alloys are used for the evaporation or
- Values of ⁇ which must result from the parameters of Equation 1 given above, so that the desired surface structure according to the invention is produced, are preferably about 0.07 ⁇ ⁇ about 2000, more preferably about 0.07 ⁇ ⁇ about 1500.
- the laser wavelength ⁇ may be about 100 nm to about 11000 nm.
- the pulse length of the laser pulses t is preferably about 0.1 ns to about 300 ns, more preferably about 5 ns to about 200 ns.
- the peak pulse power of the exiting laser radiation P p is
- the average power of the exiting laser radiation P m is preferably about 5 W to about 28,000 W, more preferably about 20 W to about 9500 W.
- the repetition rate of the laser pulses f is preferably about 10 kHz to about 3000 kHz, more preferably about 10 kHz to about 950 kHz.
- the scanning speed at the workpiece surface v is preferably about 30 mm / s to about 19000 mm / s, more preferably about 200 mm / s to about 9000 mm / s.
- the diameter of the laser beam on the workpiece d is preferably about 20 ⁇ to about 4500 pm, more preferably about 50 ⁇ to about 3500 ⁇ .
- ⁇ which must result from the parameters of Equation 2 given above, so that the surface structure sought according to the invention is produced, are preferably about 0.7 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ about 1500, more preferably about 0.9 ⁇ ⁇ about 1200.
- the laser wavelength ⁇ is about 100 nm to about 11000 nm.
- the pulse length of the radiation t is preferably about 0.005 ns to about 0.01 ns, more preferably about 0.008 ns to about 0.01 ns.
- the peak pulse power of the exiting radiation P p is preferably about 100 kW to about 30,000 kW, more preferably about 150 kW to about 25,000 kW.
- the average power of the exiting radiation P m is preferably about 5 W to about 25,000 W, more preferably about 20 W to about 9500 W.
- the repetition rate of the radiation f is preferably about 100 kHz to about 80,000 kHz, more preferably about 120 kHz to about 20,000 kHz.
- the scanning speed at the workpiece surface v is preferably about 30 mm / s to about 60,000 mm / s, more preferably about 200 mm / s to about 50,000 mm / s.
- the diameter of the laser beam on the workpiece d is preferably about 20 m to about 4500 ⁇ , more preferably about 50 m to about 3500 m.
- Surface structuring is generated, are preferably at about 0.7 ⁇ 2 ⁇ about 1400, more preferably at about 0.9 ⁇ 2 ⁇ about 1 100th
- the average power of the exiting radiation P m is preferably about 1 W to about 25,000 W, more preferably about 20 W to about 9500 W.
- the scanning speed at the workpiece surface v is preferably about 100 mm / sec to about 8,000,000 mm / sec, more preferably about 200 mm / sec to about 7,000,000 mm / sec.
- the diameter of the particle beam on the workpiece d is preferably about 20 [im to about 4500 pm, more preferably about 50 ⁇ to about 3500 [im.
- the ratio of beam diameter to scan speed is limited, namely, d / v ⁇ about 7000 ns.
- Suitable radiation sources for electron and ion beams and beams of uncharged particles are known to those skilled in the art.
- the atmosphere used in the process of this invention may be vacuum or a gas or gas mixture inert to the surface under process conditions, the inert gases being a noble gas, e.g. Argon, helium or neon, or in many cases also nitrogen or CO2, or a mixture of these gases can act.
- the inert gas or gas mixture is selected so that it does not react with the metal, metal alloy or oxide layer on a given metal, metal alloy or oxide layer thereon under the pressure and temperature operating conditions.
- the pressure is when working in a vacuum without addition of gas, preferably at 10 "17 to 10 " 4 bar.
- the pressure is generally 10 "6 to 1 bar when using particle jets and up to 15 bar when using laser jets
- Ambient pressure and temperature are preferred if permitted by the given surface area.
- the atmosphere in which the process according to the invention is carried out may comprise a reactive gas which chemically modifies the surface material according to the invention.
- the reactive gases in which the process can be carried out include, for example, inorganic gases or gas mixtures such as hydrogen, air, oxygen, nitrogen, halogens, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, boranes and / or silanes (eg monosilane and / or disilane).
- Organic gases or gases with organic groups can also be used. These include, for example, lower, optionally halogenated alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, such as methane, ethane, ethene (ethylene), propene
- a gas component thereof or a mixture of a plurality of gas components is a reactive gas; the remainder may be an inert gas, usually a noble gas.
- the concentration of the reacting gas or gas mixture may be of a few ppb, e.g. 5 ppb, up to more than 99 vol% vary.
- the selection of the reactive gas or gas mixture depends on the intended modification of the surface material of the invention. If an oxide-containing surface is to be reduced, e.g. Of course, to introduce hydroxide groups, one will use a reducing gas such as hydrogen as the reactive gas (optionally in admixture with an inert gas). For oxidation of the surface, however, e.g. consider an oxygen-containing gas. The person skilled in the art knows which reactive gas he must choose in order for a given inventive
- the pressure of the reactive gas or gas mixture is generally in the range of about 10 -6 bar to about 1 bar when using a particle beam and up to about 15 bar when using a laser beam. Atmospheric pressure is preferred and can be operated at gas temperatures generally within the range of about -50 ° C to about 350 ° C outside the laser beam, of course, much higher temperatures can be produced in the laser beam.
- Whether a chemical modification of a given surface material has taken place can be carried out by suitable methods such as X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis), FTIR Spectroscopy, Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF -SIMS), EELS (electron energy loss spectroscopy), HAADF (high angle annular dark field) or NIR (near infrared spectroscopy) in experience.
- XPS X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- EDX Electronic X-ray Analysis
- FTIR Spectroscopy Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
- TOF -SIMS Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
- EELS electro energy loss spectroscopy
- HAADF high angle annular dark field
- NIR near infrared spectroscopy
- the metal and / or the metal alloy on the material surface has been nanostructured as described above, it is subjected to anodization in which the workpiece forming the anode is immersed in an electrolytic solution, connected to a cathode usually comprising noble metal, and then put on a Tension anodized.
- Nanodubes present oxide layers by means of anodization that the electrolyte must have a dual function: it must on the one hand continuously oxidize the metal or metal alloy and on the other hand partially dissolve the oxide formed again. This results in highly porous or nanotube structures. Accordingly, the electrolyte must contain an effective oxidizing agent and at the same time an agent which provides for the redissolution of the oxide.
- the anodization uses an electrolytic solution containing as the oxidizing agent usually either an oxidizing inorganic or organic acid or an oxidizing acid salt or a hydroxide-based alkaline oxidizing agent.
- the oxidizing agent usually either an oxidizing inorganic or organic acid or an oxidizing acid salt or a hydroxide-based alkaline oxidizing agent.
- Useful inorganic acids and acid salts include e.g. Sulfuric acid, chromic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and ammonium sulfate, to the employable organic acids e.g.
- Toluenesulfonic acid benzenesulfonic acid and tartaric acid.
- Hydrochloric acid can be used for
- Hydroxide-containing alkaline oxidizing agents are often based on caustic soda.
- a portion of the oxide formed is redissolved. This can be done with an acid, which may be another acid or, in some cases, the same acid as that used for oxidation, or with an acidic salt.
- the counterion of the acid or the anion of the salt is a complexing agent for the anodized metal or anodized metal alloy.
- tartaric acid the anion of which is a complexing agent
- oxide dissolving agent for example, in conjunction with phosphoric acid as the (further) oxidizing agent.
- hydrofluoric acid or, if appropriate, ammonium fluoride is also used to re-dissolve the oxide.
- oxidizing acid is identical to the oxide redissolving agent is phosphoric acid in the case of anodization of aluminum, the sole use of which results in the formation of a micro or nanostructure.
- concentrations of the oxidizing agent and the oxide-dissolving agent which is often used in a lower molar concentration compared to the oxidizing agent, and the pH of the electrolytic solution vary depending on the metal or metal alloy and the desired layer thickness and porosity. This also applies to the voltage and temperature used in the respective process.
- ammonium sulfate can be advantageously used as the oxidizing agent together with ammonium fluoride as the oxide-dissolving agent, which avoids the handling of the extremely toxic hydrofluoric acid and is particularly preferred in the process according to the invention.
- Process variant generally 10 to 1000 g / l, for example 100 to 500 or 160 g / l, preferably 120 to 140 g / l and in particular 130g / l ammonium sulfate and generally 0.1 to 10 g / l, preferably 2 to 6 g / l and in particular Ammonium fluoride, wherein the temperatures are generally at 20 to 50 ° C, preferably at 22 to 28 ° C and in particular at 25 ° C and a voltage of 1 to 60 V, preferably 10 to 20 V over a period of 4 min to 24 h, preferably 27 to 33 minutes, and especially 30 minutes, when an oxide layer having a layer thickness in the range of 100 to 1000 nm, for example 200 to 450 nm or 300 to 400 nm and for some purposes preferably 340 to 360 nm generated is to be covered whose entire surface of nanotubes with a diameter in the range of 10 to 300 nm, for example from 20 to 220 nm or even 180 nm,
- Oxide layers coated metals and / or metal alloys can be produced oxide layers which are present on the surface completely in nanostructured form, in particular in the form of nanotubes and the metals or
- Metal alloys comprising the above-described nanostructures, especially nanotubes, provide excellent adhesion of, for example, adhesives, paints, solder, sealants, bone cement, adhesion promoter or biological tissue, as well as other coatings, such as chemical or thermal protection coatings. Further, when at least one workpiece has a surface made according to the invention, two such workpieces or one workpiece having one with a workpiece having a surface of another material may be merely joined under elevated pressure at room temperature or elevated
- the surfaces produced according to the invention can also serve for other purposes than the improvement of adhesion.
- Nanostructuring causes changes in the physical and / or chemical interaction of the surface with light or matter.
- Color or emissivity of the surface are also changed.
- Metal catalysts cause, since heterogeneous catalysis is known to be a surface phenomenon. Even purely physical phenomena, such as the increase in the number of points at which nuclei or nuclei can form, can be used.
- fabricated surface are metal prostheses and implants, e.g. Titanium or a titanium alloy include.
- the porous surfaces ensure that the biological materials in the body, with which they are to grow together,
- a pickled Ti-6AI-4V surface was anodized as follows:
- a pickled surface Ti-6AI-4V workpiece was immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution at 25 ° C containing 130 g / L of ammonium sulfate and 0.5 g / L of ammonium fluoride.
- a pickled surface Ti-6AI-4V workpiece was scanned once with a diode-pumped Nd: YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under argon atmosphere at ambient pressure and ambient temperature.
- Nd YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under argon atmosphere at ambient pressure and ambient temperature.
- Equation 1 is required.
- the resulting surface is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the surface is continuously a nodular nanostructure, but none
- Example 1 Nanostructuring of a Ti-6AI-4V surface using pulsed laser radiation in an inert atmosphere followed by anodization
- a pickled surface Ti-6AI-4V workpiece was scanned once with a diode-pumped Nd: YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under argon atmosphere at ambient pressure and ambient temperature.
- Nd YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under argon atmosphere at ambient pressure and ambient temperature.
- the resulting surface is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the entire surface is covered by fine nanotubes and that there are no unstructured areas.
- a Ti-6AI-4V pickled surface workpiece was loaded once with a diode-pumped Nd: YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under an oxygen atmosphere (pressure about 1.5 bar) at ambient temperature sampled.
- YVO 4 neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate
- the resulting surface is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the surface despite partial oxidation by the oxygen atmosphere, which was detected by means of photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS analysis), although throughout a nodular nanostructure, but no nanotubes.
- XPS analysis photoelectron spectroscopy
- a Ti-6AI-4V pickled surface workpiece was loaded once with a diode-pumped Nd: YVO 4 (neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate) laser (wavelength ⁇ : 1064 nm) under an oxygen atmosphere (pressure about 1.5 bar) at ambient temperature sampled.
- YVO 4 neodymium-pumped yttrium orthovanadate
- Comparative Example 1 subjected to anodization.
- the resulting surface is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the entire surface is covered by fine nanotubes and that there are no unstructured areas.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012022759 | 2012-11-22 | ||
| DE102012022758 | 2012-11-22 | ||
| PCT/DE2013/000582 WO2014079402A2 (de) | 2012-11-22 | 2013-10-10 | Verfahren zur nanostrukturierung und anodisation einer metalloberfläche |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2922986A2 true EP2922986A2 (de) | 2015-09-30 |
| EP2922986B1 EP2922986B1 (de) | 2016-11-30 |
Family
ID=49765737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13805735.1A Active EP2922986B1 (de) | 2012-11-22 | 2013-10-10 | Verfahren zur nanostrukturierung und anodisation einer metalloberfläche |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10619263B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2922986B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE112013005613A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014079402A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011121545B4 (de) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-07-11 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Strukturierung und chemischen Modifikation einer Oberfläche eines Werkstücks |
| CN106480482B (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-12-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | 一种阴极表面纳秒脉冲等离子体制备催化纳米多孔膜的溶液及制备方法 |
| CN106757263B (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-12-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | 一种金属表面纳秒脉冲等离子体制备纳米颗粒的溶液及制备方法 |
| CN113249723B (zh) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-30 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种基于数据库系统的cmt电弧表面熔覆方法 |
| CN113897653B (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种微弧氧化复合激光氮化制备医用钛合金表面软硬相间仿生涂层的方法 |
| EP4215346B1 (de) | 2022-01-20 | 2025-04-23 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Kryogener speichertank, flugzeug mit einem kryogenen speichertank und verfahren zur herstellung einer hybriden metall-polymer-verbindung |
| DE102022206126A1 (de) | 2022-06-20 | 2023-03-09 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Bauteil zum Einsatz in einer Projektionsbelichtungsanlage |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4532634B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2010-08-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | 細孔の製造方法 |
| JP5225623B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 | 2013-07-03 | ハイデルベルガー ドルツクマシーネン アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 被印刷体と接触する部材を製造する方法 |
| CN101519783B (zh) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-27 | 吉林大学 | 一种钛合金表面自润滑层及其制备方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-10-10 WO PCT/DE2013/000582 patent/WO2014079402A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2013-10-10 EP EP13805735.1A patent/EP2922986B1/de active Active
- 2013-10-10 US US14/647,056 patent/US10619263B2/en active Active
- 2013-10-10 DE DE112013005613.5T patent/DE112013005613A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2922986B1 (de) | 2016-11-30 |
| WO2014079402A3 (de) | 2014-12-24 |
| US10619263B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
| WO2014079402A2 (de) | 2014-05-30 |
| DE112013005613A5 (de) | 2015-12-24 |
| US20150275387A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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